v. 308, 309

Assusa, king of Fazoql, iv. 16 _sq._, 17 _n._ 1

Assyria, kings of, their annual homage to Marduk, iv. 113; festival of Zagmuk in, iv. 116; Ashurbanipal, king of, ix. 387 _sq._

Assyrian cavalry, v. 25 _n._ 3

—— eponymate, iv. 116 _sq._

—— kings took into their harem the daughters of the vanquished princes, ix. 368 _n._ 1

Assyrian monarchs, conquerors of Babylonia, ix. 356

—— monuments, illustrative of the artificial fertilization of the date-palm, ii. 25 _n._, ix. 273 _n._ 1

—— ritual, use of golden axe in, xi. 80 _n._ 3

—— settlers in Israel petition for an Israelitish priest, ii. 288 _n._ 1

Assyrians, their use of knotted cords in magic, iii. 303 _sq._; forbidden to mention the mystic names of their cities, iii. 391; in Cilicia, v. 173; the ancient, their belief in demons, ix. 102

Astarte or Ishtar, a great Babylonian goddess, ix. 365; the moon-goddess, iv. 92; at Byblus, hair offerings to, i. 30, v. 13 _sq._; her temple at Hierapolis, iii. 286; and the _asherim_, v. 18; kings as priests of, v. 26; at Paphos, v. 33 _sqq._; doves sacred to, v. 147; identified with the planet Venus, v. 258; of the Syrian Hierapolis served by eunuch priests, v. 269 _sq._; called by Lucian the Assyrian Hera, v. 280 _n._ 5; the Heavenly Goddess, v. 303; the planet Venus her star, vi. 35. _See also_ Ishtar

—— Aphrodite, v. 304 _n._

—— and Semiramis, ix. 369 _sqq._

Asteria, mother of the Tyrian Hercules (Melcarth), v. 112

Asthma transferred to a mule, ix. 50

Asti, a Thracian tribe, vii. 26

Aston, W. G., on the Japanese word for god, iii. 2 _n._ 2; on the annual expulsion of demons in Japan, ix. 212 _sq._; on Japanese and Chinese ceremonies of purification, ix. 213 _n._ 1; on Japanese ceremony for averting pestilence, x. 137 _sq._; on the fire-walk in Japan, xi. 10 _n._ 1

Astral spirit of a witch, x. 317

Astrolabe Bay, in New Guinea, ii. 255 _n._ 1; precaution as to spittle in, iii. 289

Astronomical considerations determining the early Greek calendar, iv. 68 _sq._

Astronomy, origin of, vii. 307

Astyages, king of the Medes, v. 133 _n._ 1

Asuras, the rivals of the Indian gods, viii. 120

_Asvattha_ tree, v. 82

Aswang, an evil spirit, exorcism of, ix. 260

_Atai_, external soul in the Mota language, xi. 197 _sq._

Atalante and her wooers, ii. 301

Atargatis, Syrian goddess, v. 34 _n._ 3, 137; worshipped at Hierapolis-Bambyce, v. 162 _sq._; derivation of the name, v. 162; her husband-god, v. 162 _sq._

Ates, a Phrygian, v. 286

Ath, in Hainaut, procession of giants at, xi. 36

Athamanes of Epirus, women tilled the ground among the, vii. 129

Athamas, king of Alus, vii. 24, 25; and his children, legend of, iv. 161 _sqq._; sentenced to be sacrificed as expiatory offering for the country, iv. 162; said to have reigned at Orchomenus, iv. 164; the dynasty of, v. 287

Athanasius, on the mourning for Osiris, vi. 217

Athboy, in County Meath, rath near, x. 139

’Atheh, Cilician goddess, v. 162

Athena, hair offered by maidens before marriage to, i. 28; mother of Erichthonius, ii. 199; perpetual lamp of, in the Erechtheum, ii. 199; at Troy, Locrian maidens in the sanctuary of, ii. 284; served by maidens on the Acropolis at Athens, iii. 227 _n._; sacrifices to, iv. 166 _n._ 1, vii. 56; temple of, at Salamis in Cyprus, v. 145; and hot springs, v. 209, 210; and the _aegis_, viii. 40, 41; priestess of, uses a white umbrella, x. 20 _n._ 1

——, Magarsian, a Cilician goddess, v. 169 _n._ 3

—— Sciras, sanctuary of, vi. 238

Athenaeus, on Celtic and Roman indifference to death, iv. 143

Athenian boys, race of, at the vintage, vi. 238; boy carrying an olive-branch in procession, vi. 238

—— custom of keeping a sacred serpent on the Acropolis, iv. 86

—— festival of swinging, iv. 281

—— sacrifice of the _bouphonia_, viii. 4 _sqq._

—— sacrifices to the Seasons, i. 310

Athenians decree divine honours to Demetrius Poliorcetes and his father Antigonus, i. 390 _sq._; prayed to Zeus for rain, ii. 359; their tribute of youths and maidens to Minos, iv. 74; their superstition as to an eclipse of the moon, vi. 141; sacrifice to Dionysus for the fruits of the land, vii. 4; the first to receive corn from Demeter, vii. 54; claimed to be the first to spread the knowledge of corn among mankind, vii. 54 _sqq._; sacrifice an apple to Hercules, viii. 95 _n._ 2; their annual festival of the dead at the Anthesteria, ix. 152 _sqq._; their use of human scapegoats, ix. 253 _sq._; their mode of reckoning a day, ix. 326 _n._ 2; their religious dramas, ix. 384; offer cakes to Cronus, x. 153 _n._ 3

Athens, barrow of Hippolytus at, i. 25; sacred new fire brought from Delphi to, i. 32 _sq._; King and Queen at, i. 44 _sq._; stone of swearing at, i. 160; the Eudanemi at, i. 325 _n._ 1; titular king at, ii. 1; marriage of Dionysus at, ii. 136 _sq._; sacred marriage of Zeus and Hera at, ii. 143 _n._ 1; female kinship at, ii. 277; sacred spots struck by lightning at, ii. 361; sacrificial hearth of Lightning Zeus at, ii. 361; kings at, iii. 21 _sq._; ritual of cursing at, iii. 75; Athena served by maidens on the Acropolis at, iii. 227 _n._; Mid-summer rites of Adonis at, iv. 7; the Laurel-bearing Apollo at, iv. 79 _n._ 3; funeral games at, iv. 96; hand of suicide cut off at, iv. 220 _n._; sacred serpent at, v. 87; the Commemoration of the Dead at, v. 234; sacrifice of an ox at, v. 296 _sq._; marriage custom at, vi. 245; Dionysus of the Black Goatskin at, vii. 17; Queen of, married to Dionysus, vii. 30 _sq._; sacred ceremony of ploughing at, vii. 31; the Prytaneum at, vii. 32; sanctuary of Green Demeter at, vii. 42, 89 _n._ 2; first-fruits of the corn sent to, vii. 51, 56, 71; called “the Metropolis of the Corn,” vii. 58; Demeter worshipped as Fruit-bearer at, vii. 63 _n._ 14; sanctuary of Earth the Nursing-Mother at, vii. 89 _n._ 2; Sacred Ploughing at, vii. 108 _n._ 4, 109 _n._ 1; annual sacrifice of a goat on the Acropolis of, viii. 41; ceremony of killing a wolf at, viii. 221; the Lyceum at, viii. 283, 284; fever transferred to pillar at, ix. 53; Cronus and the Cronia at, ix. 351 _sq._; ceremony of the new fire at Easter in, x. 130

Athis, in Normandy, Christmas bonfires at, x. 266

Athletic competitions among harvesters, vii. 76 _sq._

Athos, Mount, mistletoe at, xi. 319, 320 _n._

Athribis, heart of Osiris at, vi. 11

Athyr, Egyptian month, vi. 8, 41, 49 _n._ 1; Osiris murdered on the seventeenth day of, vi. 8, 84; festival of Osiris in the month of, vi. 84 _sqq._, 91

Atkhans, the, of the Aleutian Islands, transference of sin to weeds among, ix. 3

Atkinson, J. C., on the treatment of the placentas of mares, i. 199

Atlas, Berbers of the Great, ix. 178

Atlatatonan, Mexican goddess of lepers, ix. 292; woman annually sacrificed in the character of, ix. 292

Atomic disintegration, viii. 305

Atonement for slain animals, iii. 207; to animals for wrong done to them, viii. 310 _sq._ _See also_ Expiation

Atonement, the Jewish day of, ix. 210

Atonga, the, of British Central Africa, their custom after a death, iii. 286; tribe of Lake Nyassa, their theory of earthquakes, v. 199

Atrae, city in Mesopotamia, x. 82

Atreus, king of Mycenae, ii. 279

—— and Thyestes, i. 365

Attacking the wind, i. 327 _sqq._

Attacks on kings permitted, iv. 22, 48 _sqq._

Attic months lunar, vii. 52

Attica, traces of female kinship in, ii. 284; tradition of sexual communism in, ii. 284; Sacred Ploughings in, iii. 108; summer festival of Adonis in, v. 226; Flowery Dionysus in, vii. 4; time of threshing in, viii. 4; the killing of an ox formerly a capital crime in, viii. 6; vintage custom in, viii. 133

Atticus, his villa on the Quirinal, ii. 182 _n._ 1

Attis, vii. 2, 14, 214; priests of Cybele called, v. 140, 285, 287; sometimes identified with Adonis, v. 263; myth and ritual of, v. 263 _sqq._; beloved by Cybele, v. 263, 282; legends of his death, v. 264; his legend at Pessinus, v. 264; his self-mutilation, v. 264 _sq._; and the pine-tree, v. 264, 265, 267, 271, 277 _sq._, 285, vi. 98 _n._ 5; his eunuch priests, v. 265, 266; festival of his death and resurrection in March, v. 267 _sqq._, 272 _sq._, 307 _sq._; violets sprung from the blood of, v. 267; the mourning for, v. 272; bath of bull’s blood in the rites of, v. 274 _sqq._; mysteries of, v. 274 _sq._; as a god of vegetation, v. 277 _sqq._, 279; as the Father God, v. 281 _sqq._; identified with Zeus, v. 282; as a sky-god, v. 282 _sqq._; emasculation of, suggested explanation of myth, v. 283; his star-spangled cap, v. 284; identified with Phrygian moon-god Men Tyrannus, v. 284; human representatives of, v. 285 _sqq._; his relation to Lityerses, vii. 255 _sq._; killed by a boar, viii. 22

Attis, Adonis, Osiris, their mythical similarity, v. 6, vi. 201

—— and Cybele (Mother of the Gods), i. 18, 21, 40, 41; perhaps personated by human couples, ix. 386

Attiuoindarons, Indian tribe of Canada, their custom of resuscitating the dead in their namesakes, iii. 366 _sq._

Attraction and repulsion in the physical universe, viii. 303 _sqq._

_Atua_, Polynesian term for god or guardian-spirit, i. 387 _n._ 1, viii. 153, 156; ancestral spirit, iii. 134, 265

Atys, son of Croesus, his death, v. 286

Atys, early king of Lydia, v. 286

Aubrey, John, on soul-cakes, vi. 78; on sin-eating, ix. 43 _sq._; on the Midsummer fires, x. 197

Aucas (Araucanians), their custom of bleeding themselves to relieve fatigue, ix. 12. _See_ Araucanians

Auch, the archbishop of, i. 232 _sq._

Aufkirchen in Bavaria, burning the Easter Man at, x. 144

Augsburg, harvest custom near, vii. 298

Augur’s staff at Rome, iii. 313

August, procession of wicker giants in, xi. 36

—— 1st, Festival of the Cross on the, x. 220

—— 6th, festival of St. Estapin, xi. 188

——, the Ides (13th) of, Diana’s day, i. 12, 14-17

—— 15th, the day of the Assumption of the Virgin, i. 14-16

—— 18th, feast of Florus and Laurus, x. 220

Augustine, on the one God, i. 121 _n._ 1; on the effeminate priests of the Great Mother, v. 298; on the heathen origin of Christmas, v. 305; on the discovery of corn by Isis, vi. 116; on Salacia as the wife of Neptune, vi. 233; on the Eleusinian mysteries, vii. 88; on Roman deities of the corn, vii. 210 _n._ 3

Augustodunum (Autun), worship of Cybele at, v. 279

Augustus as a ruler, i. 216; granted the oak crown, ii. 176 _sq._; reputed a son of Apollo, v. 81; celebrates games at Actium, vii. 80; triumphal arch of Augustus at Ariminum, xi. 195 _n._ 4

Aulus Gellius on the influence of the moon, vi. 132. _See also_ Gellius

Aun, or On, King of Sweden, sacrifices his sons to save his life, iv. 57, 160 _sq._, 188, vi. 220

Aunis, Feast of All Souls in, vi. 69 _sq._; wonderful herbs gathered on St. John’s Eve in, xi. 45; St. John’s wort in, xi. 55; vervain gathered at Midsummer in, xi. 62 _n._ 4; four-leaved clover at Midsummer in, xi. 63

—— and Saintonge, Midsummer fires in, x. 192. _See_ Saintonge

Aunts named after their nieces, iii. 332

Aunund, King, in Norse legend, viii. 146

Aurelia Aemilia, a sacred harlot, v. 38

Aurich, in East Friesland, “cutting the hare’s tail off” at harvest at,