viii. 331

Mallans of India, their use of a scapegoat in time of cholera, ix. 190

Mallows, riddles asked by old men seated on, after a burial, ix. 122 _n._

Mallus in Cilicia, deities on coins of, v. 165 _sq._

Malmyz district of Russia, the Wotyaks of, ii. 145, ix. 156

Malo, one of the New Hebrides, title to nobility in, founded on sacrifice of pigs to ancestors, i. 339

Malta, death of the Carnival in, iv. 224 _sq._; bilingual inscription of, v. 16; Phoenician temples of, v. 35; fires on St. John’s Eve in, x. 210 _sq._

Maluango, the king of Loango, ii. 322

_Malurus cyaneus_, superb warbler, women’s “sister,” among the Kurnai, xi. 216

Malwa, in Western India, iv. 122

Mamilian tower at Rome, viii. 42, 44

Mamre, sacred oak or terebinth at, v. 37 _n._ 2

Mamurius Veturius, annual expulsion of, in ancient Rome, ix. 229 _sqq._, 252, 257

Man, E. H., on the ignorance of the Andaman Islanders of the art of making fire, ii. 253; on the first fire of the Andaman Islanders, ii. 256 _n._ 2

Man and animal, sympathetic relation between, xi. 272 _sq._

——, the Isle of, tying up the wind in knots in, i. 326; precautions against witches on May Day in, ii. 53 _sq._; hunting the wren in, viii. 318 _sq._; Midsummer fires in, x. 201, 337; old New Year’s Day in, x. 224 _sq._; Hallowe’en customs in, x. 243 _sq._; bonfires on St. Thomas’s Day in, x. 266; cattle burnt alive to stop a murrain in, x. 325 _sqq._; mugwort gathered on Midsummer Eve in, xi. 59. _See also_ Isle of Man

“Man, the True,” official title of the head of Taoism in China, i. 413

Man-god, the two types of, i. 244 _sq._; notion of a man-god belongs to early period of religious history, i. 374 _sq._; contagious magical virtue of the, iii. 132; necessity for the isolation of the, iii. 132; reason for killing the, iv. 9 _sq._; in China, ix. 117 _sq._

_Mana_, supernatural or magical power in Melanesia, i. 111 _n._ 2, 227, 228 _n._ 1, 339

Manahiki, South Pacific, women after childbirth not allowed to handle food in, iii. 147; rejoicings at the appearance of the Pleiades in, vii. 312 _sq._

Manasseh, King of Judah, his sacrifice of his children, iv. 170

Manchu dynasty, the life-tree of the, xi. 167 _sq._

Mandai river, the Dyaks of the, ii. 40

Mandalay, human sacrifices at gateways of, iii. 90; kings of Burma screened from public gaze at, iii. 125 _sq._; the ceremony of head-washing at, iii. 253

Mandan Indians, afraid of having their portraits taken, iii. 97; their belief as to the stars, iv. 67 _sq._; their personification of maize as an Old Woman, vii. 204 _sq._; their annual expulsion of the devil, ix. 171

Mandarins, deceased, deification of, i. 415

Mandeling, a district of Sumatra, treatment of the afterbirth in, i. 192 _sq._; the King of the Rice in, vii. 197; respect for tigers in, viii. 216

Mandelings of Sumatra, their excuses to tree-spirits for cutting down trees, ii. 36; open boxes, pans, etc., to help childbirth, iii. 296

Mandingoes of Senegambia, their attention to the phases of the moon, vi. 141

—— of Sierra Leone, kingship an honour desired by few among the, iii. 18

Mandragora called “the hand of glory” in France, xi. 316

Manegres of the Amoor, concealment of personal names among the, iii. 323

Maneros, chant of Egyptian reapers, vi. 45, 46, vii. 215, 258, 259, 261, 263, 264

Manes, first king of Lydia, v. 186 _n._ 5

Manetho, on the Egyptian burnt-sacrifice of red-haired men, vi. 97; on Isis as the discoverer of corn, vi. 116; on Osiris and Isis as the sun and moon, vi. 120; on human sacrifices in ancient Egypt, vii. 259 _n._ 3

Mang-bettou. _See_ Monbuttu

—— -Shen, Chinese god of agriculture, viii. 11, 12

—— Than, the Warder of the Ox, in Annam, viii. 13 _sq._

Mangaia, Pacific island, priests inspired by gods in, i. 378; separation of religious and civil authority in, iii. 20

Mangaians, their story of a man whose strength varied with the length of his shadow, iii. 87; their preference for a violent death, iv. 10

Mang’anje woman, her external soul in an ivory ornament, xi. 156

Manggarais, the, of Flores, forbidden to utter their own names, iii. 324

Mango married to a tamarind or a jasmine in India, ii. 25

Mango crop, feast of the new, viii. 119

—— -tree, bridegroom tied to, at a Munda marriage, ii. 57; worshipped by the Nahals, viii. 119; festival of wild, x. 7 _sqq._; ceremony for the fertilization of the, x. 10

Mani of Chitombe or Jumba, potentate in West Africa, his hair, teeth, and nails kept after death as a rain-charm, iii. 271

_Mania_, an ancient Roman bogey, i. 22; the Mother or Grandmother of Ghosts, viii. 94, 96

_Maniae_, a kind of loaf, viii. 94

Manichaeans, their theory of earthquakes, v. 197

Manichaeus, the heretic, his death, v. 294 _n._ 3

Manii, many, at Aricia, a proverb, i. 22, viii. 94 _sqq._

Manioc or cassava cultivated in Africa, vii. 119; cultivated in South America, vii. 120 _sq._, 122

Manipur, rain-making in, i. 252, 283 _sq._; the Chirus of, i. 289; rain-making by means of a stone in, i. 304 _sq._; the Tangkhuls of, ii. 100; the Kabuis of, ii. 106; the hill tribes of, diet of religious chiefs among, iii. 292; the Murrams of, iii. 292; the Naga tribes of, iii. 292, iv. 11, vi. 57 _sq._; mode of counting the years in, iv. 117 _n._ 1; rajahs of, descended from a snake, iv. 133; the Rajah of, his sins transferred to a substitute, ix. 39; annual eponyms in, ix. 39 _sq._

_Manitoo_, personal totem, xi. 273 _n._ 1

Manius Egerius, said to have founded the sacred grove at Aricia, i. 22, viii. 95

Manna, ceremony for the magical multiplication of, i. 88 _sq._

Mannewars, the, a forest tribe of the Central Provinces in India, their worship of the _Bassia latifolia_, viii. 119

Mannhardt, W., iv. 249 _n._ 4, vii. 258, viii. 337; on loading trees with stones, i. 140 _n._ 6; on rain-making by drenching trees, ii. 47; on the Harvest-May, ii. 48; on the representation of the spirit of vegetation at the spring festivals of Europe, ii. 78 _sq._; on the May King, Queen of May, etc., ii. 84; on the pinching and beheading of frogs as a rain-charm, ii. 87; on a French custom at May Day, ii. 93 _n._ 1; on the “carrying out of Death,” iv. 253; on the European ceremonies for the revival of vegetation in spring, iv. 267 _sq._; on placing children in winnowing-fans, vii. 11; on the etymology of Demeter, vii. 131; on the Corn-mother or Barley-mother in modern Europe, vii. 132; on corn-puppet called Ceres, vii. 135; on the identification of the harvester with the corn-spirit, vii. 138 _sq._; on the Peruvian Maize-mother, Quino-mother, etc., vii. 172; on the corn-spirit in human form, vii. 204; on Lityerses, vii. 217 _n._ 1, 218 _n._ 1; on the corn-spirit in the corn last cut or threshed, vii. 222; on the mythical calf of the corn, vii. 292; on corn-spirit as horse, vii. 294; on goat-formed woodland deities, viii. 2 _sq._; on the sacrifice of the October horse at Rome, viii. 42 _n._ 1; on the golden leg of Pythagoras, viii. 263; on processions of animals or of men disguised as animals, viii. 325; on processions of maskers representing the spirits of vegetation, ix. 250; on beating human scapegoats, ix. 255, 272; on the human victims at the Thargelia, ix. 257 _n._ 4; on fire-customs, x. 106 _n._ 3; his theory that the fires of the fire-festivals are charms to secure sunshine, x. 329, 331 _sqq._; on torches as imitations of lightning, x. 340 _n._ 1; on the Hirpi Sorani, xi. 15 _n._; on burning leaf-clad representative of spirit of vegetation, xi. 25; on the human victims sacrificed by the Celts, xi. 33; his theory of the Druidical sacrifices, xi. 43; his solar theory of the bonfires at the European fire-festivals, xi. 72; on killing a cock on the harvest-field, xi. 280 _n._

Mannikin, the soul conceived as a, iii. 26 _sqq._

Manning, Percy, on May garlands in Hertfordshire, ii. 61 _sq._

Man-slayers, purification of, iii. 165 _sqq._; secluded, iii. 165 _sqq._; tabooed, iii. 165 _sqq._; haunted by ghosts of slain, iii. 165 _sqq._; their faces blackened, iii. 169; their bodies painted, iii. 175, 178, 179, 180, 186 _n._ 1; their hair shaved, iii. 175, 177; taste the blood of their victims, viii. 154 _sq._ _See also_ Homicide

Mantinea, Poseidon worshipped at, v. 203 _n._ 2; sanctuary of Demeter at, vii. 46 _n._ 2; games in honour of Antinous at, vii. 80, 85

Mantineans purify their city by sacrificial victims, iii. 189

_Mantis religiosus_, a totem in the Duke of York Island, xi. 248 _n._

Mantras, the, of the Malay Peninsula, their fear of demons, ix. 88 _sq._

_Mantras_, sacred texts recited as spells by the Brahmans, i. 403 _sq._

Manu, Hindoo lawgiver, on the uncleanness of women at menstruation, x. 95; on the three births of the Aryan, xi. 276 _sq._ _See also_ Manu, the Laws of

_Manu, the Laws of_, on the effects of a good king’s reign, i. 366; on the divinity of kings and Brahmans, i. 403; on the rebirth of a father in his son, iv. 188 _sq._; on the transmigration of evil-doers into animals, viii. 298 _sq._

Manure, ashes used as, vii. 117

Manx fishermen, tabooed words of, iii. 396

—— mummers at Hallowe’en, x. 224

Many Manii at Aricia, a proverb, i. 22, viii. 94 _sqq._

Maori. _See also_ New Zealand

Maori chiefs, their sanctity or taboo, iii. 134 _sqq._; their heads sacred, iii. 256 _sq._; their hair sacred, iii. 265

—— gods, ix. 81

—— language, synonyms in the, iii. 381

—— priest catches the soul of a tree, vi. 111 _n._ 1

—— sorcerers, their use of clipped hair, nails, etc., iii. 269

Maoris, magical images among the, i. 71; magic of navel-string and afterbirth among the, i. 182 _sq._; their contagious magic of footprints, i. 208; acquainted with the sexes of trees, ii. 24; their belief as to fertilizing virtue of trees, ii. 56; their ceremonies on entering a strange land, iii. 109; persons who have handled the dead tabooed among the, iii. 138 _sq._; tabooed on the war-path, iii. 157; will not lean against the wall of a house, iii. 251; their spells at hair-cutting, iii. 264 _sq._; their belief as to falling stars, iv. 64; determined the beginning of their year by the rising of the Pleiades,