iii. 320;

on Australian belief as to falling stars, iv. 64; on seclusion of menstruous women in Australia, x. 78; on killing a totem animal, xi. 220 _n._ 2; on secrecy of totem names in Australia, xi. 225 _n._; on the drama of resurrection at initiation in Australia, xi. 235 _sqq._

Howitt, Miss Mary E. B., her _Folklore and Legends of some Victorian Tribes_, xi. 226 _n._ 1

Howth, the western promontory of, Midsummer fire on, x. 204

Howth Castle, life-tree of the St. Lawrence family at, xi. 166

Hoyerswerda, district of Silesia, the “Old Man” at threshing in, vii. 149; Walpurgis bonfires to keep off witches in the, ix. 163

Hsa Möng Hkam, a native state of Upper Burma, care for the butterfly spirit of the rice in, vii. 190

_Huaca_, Peruvian word for god, ii. 146

Huahine, one of the Tahitian Islands, xi. 11 _n._ 3; offering of first-fruits in, viii. 132 _sq._

Hubert, H., and M. Mauss, Messrs., on taboo as a negative magic, i. 111 _n._ 2

Huckle-bone of hare in cure, ix. 50 _sq._

_Huddler_ or _Huttler_, mummers at Carnival to promote the flax crop in the Tyrol, ix. 248

_Hudel_-running in the Tyrol, ix. 248

Hudson Bay, the Esquimaux of, iii. 207, 228, viii. 257; the Chippeways of, x. 90

Hughes, Miss E. P., on the fire-walk in Japan, xi. 10 _n._ 1

Huichol Indians of Mexico, their use of magical images, i. 71; taboos observed by them during the search for the sacred cactus, i. 123 _sq._; their homoeopathic charm to ensure skill in weaving, i. 154 _sq._; their rain-making by carrying water, i. 302; their worship of water, ii. 156; their chastity before hunting, iii. 197; personify maize as a little girl, vii. 177; their communion with a god by partaking of his effigy, viii. 93; their transference of fatigue to heaps of stones, ix. 10

Huichol superstition as to the growth of corn, ix. 347 _n._ 3

Huilla, African kingdom, the king of, thought to make rain, i. 348

Huitzilopochtli, or Vitzilopochtli, a great Mexican god, viii. 95, ix. 300; dough image of him made and eaten sacramentally, viii. 86 _sqq._, 90 _sq._; young man sacrificed in the character of, ix. 280 _sq._; temple of, ix. 287, 290, 297; hall of, ix. 294

Huixtocihuatl, Mexican goddess of Salt, ix. 283; woman annually sacrificed in the character of, ix. 283 _sq._

Huligamma, Indian goddess, eunuchs dedicated to her, v. 271 _n._

Human beings permanently possessed by deities, i. 386 _sqq._; torn to pieces in rites of Dionysus, vii. 24; burnt in the fires, xi. 21 _sqq._

—— divinities put to death, x. i. _sq._

—— flesh, transformation into animal shape through eating, iv. 83 _sq._

—— god and goddess, their enforced union, ix. 386 _sq._

—— gods, i. 373 _sqq._, ii. 377 _sqq._; bound by many rules, iii. 419 _sq._

—— immortality in relation to the immortality of animals, viii. 260 _sqq._

—— Leopard Societies of West Africa, iv. 83

—— representatives of Attis, v. 285 _sqq._; of gods sacrificed in Mexico, ix. 275 _sqq._

—— sacrifice, substitutes for, iv. 124, 214 _sqq._, v. 146 _sq._, 285, 289, vi. 99, 221, vii. 33 _sq._, 249; successive mitigations of, ix. 396 _sq._, 408

—— sacrifices offered to man-gods, i. 386, 387; to trees, ii. 15, 17; offered on roofs of new houses, ii. 39; at foundation of buildings, iii. 90 _sq._; at the cutting of a chief’s hair, iii. 264; at Upsala, iv. 58; to renew the sun’s fire, iv. 74 _sq._; in ancient Greece, iv. 161 _sqq._; mock, iv. 214 _sqq._; offered by ancestors of the European races, iv. 214; in worship of the moon, v. 73; to the Tauric Artemis, v. 115; to Diomede at Salamis, v. 145; offered at earthquakes, v. 201; offered at irrigation channels, vi. 38; of the kings of Ashantee and Dahomey, vi. 97 _n._ 7; offered to Dionysus, vi. 98 _sq._; offered by the Mexicans for the maize, vi. 107; at the graves of the kings of Uganda, vi. 168; to dead kings, vi. 173; to dead chiefs, vi. 191; to prolong the life of kings, vi. 220 _sq._, 223 _sqq._; for crops, vii. 236 _sqq._; offered by ancient Egyptians, vii. 259 _sq._; at festival of new yams in Ashantee, viii. 62, 63; in Mexico, viii. 88, ix. 275 _sqq._; at fire-festivals, ix. 300 _sqq._, x. 106; in connexion with Cronus, ix. 353 _sq._; their influence on cosmogonical theories, ix. 409 _sqq._; traces of, x. 146, 148, 150 _sqq._, 186, xi. 31; offered by the ancient Germans, xi. 28 _n._ 1; among the Celts of Gaul, xi. 32 _sq._; the victims in the Celtic sacrifices perhaps witches and wizards, xi. 41 _sqq._; W. Mannhardt’s theory of the Celtic sacrifices, xi. 43. _See also_ Human victims

Human scapegoats, ix. 38 _sqq._, 194 _sqq._, 210 _sqq._; in ancient Rome, ix. 229 _sqq._; in classical antiquity, ix. 229 _sqq._; in ancient Greece, ix. 252 _sqq._; reason for beating the, ix. 256 _sq._

—— souls transmigrate into animals, viii. 285 _sqq._

—— victims sacrificed to water-spirits, ii. 157 _sqq._; substitutes for, iv. 124, 214 _sqq._, v. 146 _sq._, 285, 289, vi. 99, 221, vii. 33 _sq._, 249; thrown into volcanoes, v. 219 _sq._; uses made of their skins, v. 293; as representatives of the corn-spirit, vi. 97, 106 _sq._; killed with hoes, spades, and rakes, vi. 99 _n._ 2; treated as divine, vii. 250; men clad in the skins of, ix. 265 _sq._, 294 _sq._, 296 _sqq._; sacrificed as representatives of gods, ix. 275 _sqq._; annually burnt, xi. 286 _n._ 2

Humbé, African kingdom, the king of, thought to make rain, i. 348; incontinence of young people under puberty thought to entail the death of the king of, iii. 6

Humboldt, A. von, on the theocracy of the Chibchas or Muyscas, i. 416

Humman or Hommon, national god of the Elamites, ix. 366

Humphrey’s Island. _See_ Manahiki

Hundred and eight girls and cows in rain-making, i. 284

Hungarian story of the external soul, xi. 140

Hungary, continence at sowing in, ii. 105; “Sawing the Old Woman” among the gypsies of, iv. 243; the harvest cock in, vii. 277; custom at threshing in, vii. 291; woman fertilized by being struck with certain sticks in, ix. 264; Midsummer fires in, x 178 _sq._

Hungary, German, Whitsuntide Queen in, ii. 87

Hunger the root of the worship of Adonis, v. 231; expulsion of, at Chaeronea, ix. 252

Hunt, Holman, his picture of the new fire at Jerusalem, x. 130 _n._

Hunt, Robert, on burnt sacrifices in the West of England, x. 303

Hunter, the primitive, believes himself exposed to the vengeance of the ghosts of the animals which he has killed, viii. 208

Hunter River tribes of New South Wales, avoidance of the wife’s mother among the, iii. 84

Hunters employ homoeopathic magic to ensure a catch, i. 109 _sqq._; homoeopathic taboos observed by hunters, their relations, and friends, i. 110 _sq._, 113, 114 _sqq._; absent, thought to be affected by the conduct of their families at home, i. 120 _sqq._; absent, injured by the infidelity of wives at home, i. 123; employ contagious magic of footprints, i. 211 _sq._; chastity of, iii. 191 _sqq._; use knots as charms, iii. 306; words tabooed by, iii. 396, 398, 399, 400, 402, 404, 410; propitiation of wild animals by, viii. 204 _sqq._; of grisly bears, chastity observed by, viii. 226; exorcize the guardian spirits of wild animals, ix. 98; avoid girls at puberty, x. 44, 46; luck of, spoiled by menstruous women, x. 87, 89, 90, 91, 94

—— and fishers tabooed, iii. 190 _sqq._

Huntin, a tree-god of the Ewe people of the Slave Coast, ii. 15

Hunting and fishing, homoeopathic magic in, i. 108 _sqq._; telepathy in, i. 120 _sqq._

—— the wren, viii. 317 _sqq._

Hunting dogs crowned at Diana’s festival, i. 14, ii. 125, 126

—— stage of society, the, viii. 35, 37

Huntingdonshire, Plough Monday in, viii. 330 _n._ 1

Huntsman, the Spectral, iv. 178

Huon Gulf in German New Guinea, the Bukaua of, vii. 103, xi. 239

Hupa Indians of California, seclusion of girls among the, x. 42

Hurling-matches for brides in Ireland, ii. 305 _sq._

Huron, Lake, Ojibway Indians in a storm on, viii. 219

Hurons, reincarnation among the, i. 105, iv. 199 _sq._, v. 91; their burial of infants, i. 105, iv. 199, v. 91; their way of annulling an ominous dream, i. 172 _sq._; marry their fishing-nets to girls, ii. 147 _sq._; their conception of the soul, iii. 27; their custom of reviving the dead by bestowing their names on the living, iii. 366 _sq._; their Festival of the Dead, iii. 367; their reason for not burning fish bones, viii. 250; preachers to the fish among the, viii. 250 _sq._; their way of expelling sickness, ix. 121; custom of their women at menstruation, x. 88 _n._ 1

Husband, absent, thought to be injured by wife’s infidelity, i. 123, 124 _sq._; charm to bring home a, i. 166. _See also_ Husbands

—— and wife, the rice-spirit conceived as, vii. 201 _sqq._; name given to two fire-sticks, viii. 65

Husband’s ghost kept from his widow, iii. 143

—— name not to be pronounced by his wife, iii. 333, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339

Husbandman, the Roman, his prayers to Mars, ix. 229

Husbands, spiritual, among the Akamba, fertility of wives thought to depend on, ii. 316 _sq._

——, taboos observed by wives in the absence of their, i. 116, 119, 120, 121, 122 _sqq._, 127 _sqq._; not to pronounce the names of their wives, iii. 337, 338, 339

—— and wives, difference of language between, iii. 347 _sq._

_Huskanaw_, initiatory ceremony of the Virginian Indians, xi. 266

Huss, John, his participation in the Festival of Fools, ix. 336 _n._ 1

Hut burnt at Midsummer, x. 215 _sq._ _See also_ Huts

Hut-urns of ancient Latins, ii. 201 _sq._

Hutchinson, W., his _History of Northumberland_ on the Harvest Queen, vii. 146; on Midsummer fires, x. 197 _n._ 4

Huts, round, of the ancient Latins, ii. 200 _sqq._; round, in Africa, ii. 227 _n._ 3; miniature, at foot of trees which are haunted by spirits of the dead,