ii. 206-208;

ceremonies at the burying of, ii. 250; effigy of, i. 257 _sq._

Debden, May Day custom in, i. 76

Deer, regard for, ii. 117, 118

Deities, reduplication of, i. 360-362

Demeter, the corn mother, i. 331, 332; festivals of, ii. 44-47; as a pig, ii. 44-49; legend of the Phigalian, ii. 49; representation of the black, ii. 49; and Proserpine, myth of, i. 330, 331; probable origin of, i. 355 _sq._; prototypes of, i. 356, 357

Demons, the soul carried off by, i. 132-135

Denderah, tree of Osiris at, i. 308

Denmark Christmas customs, ii. 29, 30; midsummer bonfires, ii. 289

Devils, ceremony at the expulsion of, ii. 151, 158, 159-162, 170-185, 192, 193, 203; represented by men and expelled, ii. 183-185

Devonshire reaping cries, i. 405, 406; rain-charm, i. 408; cure for cough, ii. 154

Diana, rule of the priesthood of, i. 2, 3, 6; ceremonies at the festival of, i. 5; Arician Grove said to be first consecrated to her by Manius Egerius, i. 5; a tree goddess, i. 105

Diana’s mirror, i. 1

Dieyerie of South Australia, rain-making by the, i. 20; tree superstition amongst the, i. 62

Dingelstedt, harvest custom at, i. 371

Dionysus, marriage of, i. 104; titles of, i. 320, 321; myth of, i. 322-325; rites of, i. 324, 329; ii. 43-46, 90; rites of, similar to those of Osiris, i. 319, 320; as an animal, i. 325-327, ii. 34-38; association of, with Demeter and Proserpine, ii. 37

Diseases sent away in boats, ii. 185-189, 192 _sq._

Divine beasts, i. 48

—— king, dependence of nature upon the, i. 109

—— kings, i. 49; care taken of, i. 115; cease to govern, i. 118, 119

—— kings and priests, burdensome observances placed upon, i. 110-118; effects of these burdens, i. 118-120

—— Man as scapegoat, ii. 201, 205

—— persons, seclusion of, ii. 242, 243

—— spirit, transmigration of, i. 42-44

Divining rods made from the mistletoe, ii. 367

Dog, the corn-spirit as a, ii. 3-7; the flesh of the, eaten, ii. 87; resurrection of the, ii. 123; used as a scapegoat, ii. 194, 195

Domalde, King of Sweden, sacrificed, i. 47

Douai, annual procession at, ii. 280

Dreams, festival of, ii. 165, 166

Druids, oak-worship of the, i. 58

Dublin, May Day custom in, i. 101

Duk-duk, the, ii. 352 _sq._

Duke of York Island, fishing ceremony by the natives of, ii. 120

Dulyn, i. 15

Dunkirk, annual procession at, ii. 280, 281

Dust columns, i. 30

Dutch criminals, cutting the hair of, to enforce confession, ii. 328

Dyaks, belief in the souls of trees amongst the, i. 59, 60; abduction of the soul, i. 132, 133; restoration of the soul, i. 138; harvest custom, i. 68, 69, 353, 354; the Dyaks and bad omens, ii. 151; custom in epidemic, ii. 84; may not eat venison, ii. 86, 87; spare the crocodile, ii. 109; Dyaks and the palm-tree, ii. 329; festival of first-fruits, ii. 376

East Indian Islands, supposed cure for epilepsy in the, ii. 148, 149

Easter customs, i. 272, 276, 334; ii. 29, 181, 216, 217

—— fires, ii. 251, 252

—— Islanders, blood of an animal not shed by the, i. 182, 183; offerings of first fruits, ii. 381

Eating animals to get their qualities, ii. 85-89

—— the god, ii. 67-90

—— and drinking, precautions taken at, i. 160-162

Edersleben, midsummer fire festival in, ii. 262

Efugaos, cannibalism by the, ii. 88

Egeria, i. 5

Egypt, beasts responsible for the course of nature in Upper, i. 48; Egyptian kings deified, i. 49, 50; Egyptian kings blamed for failure of crops, i. 50; ancient Egyptian kings did not drink wine, i. 184, 185; temporary-rulers in Upper Egypt, i. 231; custom of burning red-haired men by the ancient Egyptians, i. 307; religion of ancient Egypt, i. 313; Egyptians and the pig, ii. 52, 53, 56, 57; the bulls Apis and Mnevis worshipped, ii. 60; sacred cattle in Egypt, ii. 60, 61; sacrifice of the ram in, ii. 92, 93; Egyptian type of sacrament, ii. 134-136; Egyptian scapegoat, ii. 200; the external soul in Egyptian story, ii. 315-318

Eifel mountains, fire festival in the, ii. 247, 248; harvest omens in the, ii. 271

Eisenach, ceremony of bringing back summer in, i. 263; ceremony of carrying out death in, _ib._

Elan, regard for the, ii. 117, 118

Elephant, ceremony at the killing of an, ii. 113-115

Eleusis, mysteries of, ii. 37

Elk, regard for the, ii. 117, 118

Ellwangen, harvest ceremony in, ii. 17

Emin Pasha’s reception in a Central African village, i. 155

Emu wren, ii. 336, 337

Encounter Bay tribe, their dread of women’s blood, i. 186

English tradition concerning the killing of the wren, ii. 140, 141

Entlebuch, human scapegoat in, ii. 199

Entraigues, hunting the wren in, ii. 144

Epidemic, ceremony in time of, i. 36; ii. 84, 187-189

Epilepsy, supposed cure for, ii. 148, 149

Erfurt, harvest custom in, i. 336

Ertingen, midsummer custom in, i. 89

Erzgebirge, Shrovetide custom in the, i. 244

Eskimos, charm for lulling the wind, i. 28; Eskimos and the soul, i. 122; reception of strangers, i. 155; Eskimo women, i. 170

Essex, hunting the wren in, ii. 143

Esthonian superstition regarding the welfare of cattle, i. 72 _sq._; blood not tasted by the Esthonians, i. 178, 179; belief concerning women’s blood, i. 187; preservation of the parings of nails by the Esthonians, i. 204; carrying out the effigy of Death, i. 270; ceremony at the eating of the new corn, ii. 69, 70; dread of the weevil by the Esthonian peasants, ii. 129, 130

Ethiopian kings and their courtiers, i. 222

Etruscan wizards, i. 22

European rain-charm, i. 18; forests, i. 57; fire festivals, ii. 246-285

Evils, expulsion of, ii. 145 _sq._; occasional, ii. 158-162; periodic, ii. 162-182; two kinds of expulsion of evils, the direct or immediate, and the indirect or mediate, ii. 158; general observations on, ii. 202-206; transference of, ii. 145 _sq._

Fauns, representation of the, ii. 35; the Fauns wood and corn-spirits, ii. 35, 36

Feilenhof, the wolf a corn-spirit in, ii. 3

Feloupes of Senegambia, charm for rain-making, i. 18

Fern seed, midsummer, ii. 365, 366

Fernando Po, restrictions on the food of the king of, i. 208

Fever, cure for, ii. 152, 153

Fida, no one to drink out of the king’s glass in, i. 166

Field of Mars, chariot race on the, ii. 64-66

Fiji, charm used for staying the sun in, i. 24; gods of, i. 39; soul extraction in, i. 138; belief in two souls in, i. 145; eating in the presence of suspected persons avoided in, i. 160; self-immolation at old age in, i. 216; expulsion of devils in, ii. 175, 176; initiatory rites in, ii. 344, 345; offerings of first-fruits in, ii. 377, 378

Finland, wind selling in, i. 27; cattle protected by the wood god in, i. 105, 106; ceremony at the killing of a bear in, ii. 112

Fire festivals, human sacrifices offered at, i. 251

—— festivals in Europe, ii. 246-285; they were charms to make the sun shine, ii. 267, 274

—— kings, i. 53-56

—— sacred, made by the friction of wood, ii. 269; made with oak wood, ii. 292, 293

Fire spirit, expulsion of the, ii. 178

Firstborn sacrificed, i. 236, 237

First-fruits, festival of the, ii. 75-78; offerings of, ii. 373-384

Fish, respect shown by savages to, ii. 118-122; fish preachers, ii. 119, 120

Fladda’s chapel and wind-making, i. 26, 27

Flamen Dialis, rules of life, i. 117; not allowed to walk under a trellised vine, i. 183, 184; cuttings from the hair and nails buried, i. 200; restriction on the food of the, i. 207

—— Virbialis, i. 6

Flaminica, rules of life for the, i. 117, 118

Flanders, midsummer bonfires in, ii. 267; Flemish cure for ague, ii. 153

Flax-pullers, custom of the, i. 375

Florence, “sawing the old woman” in, i. 261

Florida, sacrifice of the firstborn by the Indians of, i. 236, 237

Folk tales, resurrection in, ii. 125

Food, unconsumed, buried, i. 166; prohibited food, i. 207, 208; strong food, ii. 85

Forests, Europe covered with, in prehistoric times, i. 56

Fors, the, of Central Africa, preservation of nail parings by the, i. 204, 205

Forsaken sleeper, i. 96

Foulahs of Senegambia spare the crocodile, ii. 110

France, harvest customs in the northeast of, ii. 4

Franche Comté, harvest customs in, ii. 17

Frankish kings not allowed to cut their hair, i. 193

Friedingen, harvest custom in, ii. 27

Friesland, harvest customs in East, ii. 8

Frog-flayer, i. 92

Funeral custom, i. 129, 130

Fürstenwalde, harvest ceremonies in, ii. 7

Gablingen, harvest customs in, ii. 13

Galela, ceremony at the initiation of boys amongst the, ii. 353

Galicia, harvest customs in, ii. 8

Gall-bladder the special seat of courage amongst the Chinese, ii. 87

Gareloch, Dumbartonshire, harvest customs on some farms on the, i. 345

Garos, rain-charm used by the, i. 18

Georgia, rain-charm in, i. 17

Germany—German peasants and a whirlwind, i. 30; sacred groves common amongst the ancient Germans, i. 58; ceremony on felling a tree, i. 64; rain-charm, i. 93; custom after a death, i. 147; superstition regarding the knife, i. 177; superstition concerning hair cutting, i. 196, 199; harvest custom, i. 337, 345, 374, 375; ii. 9; harvest cries, i. 408, 409; way to free a garden from caterpillars, ii. 130; beating as a charm, ii. 216, 217; oak the sacred tree, ii. 291; oak log burnt on Midsummer Day, ii. 294; the external soul in German stories, ii. 310-312

Gervasius, rain spring mentioned by, i. 19

Ghosts, the soul carried off by, i. 129-132; annual expulsion of the ghosts of the dead, ii. 163

Giant, sham, procession and burning of the, ii. 280-282

Gilgit, ceremony on felling a tree in, i. 65; sacred cedar of, i. 69 _sq._; harvest custom at, ii. 73, 74

Gilyak sacrifice of the bear, ii. 105-107

Girls secluded at puberty, ii. 225-247; reason for, ii. 238-242; not allowed to touch the ground or see the sun, ii. 225-253; traces in folk tales of the rule which forbids girls at puberty to see the sun, ii. 235-237

Goat, the, sacred, ii. 56, 63; Dionysus as a, i. 326-328; ii. 34-37; the corn-spirit as a, ii. 12-19

God, killing the, i. 213; ii. 218-222; killing a god in animal form, i. 327, 328; motives for killing the god, i. 214-216

God’s Mouth, the name of the supreme ruler of the old Prussians, i. 223

Gods die and are buried, i. 213, 214

—— incarnate, slain, ii. 218-222

Gold Coast, sacrifices of the negroes of the, i. 67; their superstition with regard to iron, i. 173

Golden Bough, Turner’s picture of the, i. 1; legend of the, i. 4; the representative of the tree-spirit, i. 107; between heaven and earth, ii. 223-243; what was it, ii. 224; the Golden Bough is the mistletoe, ii. 363, 368; why was the mistletoe called the Golden Bough, ii. 365; the Golden Bough an emanation of the sun’s fire, ii. 367

Goldi sacrifice of the bear, ii. 107, 108

Gommern, harvest festival at, i. 370

Gonds, human sacrifices by the, i. 252, 384; mock-human sacrifices, i. 252; scapegoats amongst the, ii. 200

Good Friday custom, ii. 216

Gout transferred from a man to a tree, ii. 153

Grand Lama, death and reappearance of the, i. 42, 43; and the shadow of Sankara, i. 142

Grandmother, a name given to the last sheaf, i. 336

Granny, a name given to the last sheaf, i. 336

Grass king, i. 91-93, 247

Grätz, midsummer custom in, ii. 267

Greece, rain-making in, i. 16; tree worship in, i. 58, 59, 99; festivals of the Greeks, i. 99, 100, 103; ceremony at the laying of a foundation stone in, i. 144; sacrificial ritual in, ii. 54, 55; human scapegoats in, ii. 210-217; midsummer fires in, ii. 266; the external soul in Greek stories, ii. 305-307

Green George, i. 84-86

Grenoble, May Day in, i. 94; harvest custom in, ii. 15, 47

Grihya-Sûtras, provision in the, for the burning of cut hair, i. 202

Grossvargula, Whitsuntide custom in, i. 91

Ground, sacred persons not allowed to touch the, ii. 224, 243 _note_; girls at puberty not allowed to touch the, ii. 225-253; sacred things may not touch the, ii. 243 _note_

Grüneberg, harvest ceremony in, ii. 11

Guanches, rain-charm in, i. 19

Guatemala, the nagual amongst the, ii. 333, 334

Guaycurus and storms, i. 28

Guinea, secreting of cut hair and nails in, i. 203; annual expulsion of the devil by the negroes of, ii. 170; time of licence in, ii. 204

Guyenne, harvest ceremony in, ii. 6

Hack-thorn, sacred, i. 69

Hadeln, reaping custom in the district of, i. 333

Haida Indian wind-charm, i. 26

Hair, burning of loose, i. 205; burning after child-birth, i. 206; cut hair deposited in a safe place, i. 200-205; cutting, i. 193 _sq._; most sacred day of the year appointed for hair cutting, i. 197; superstition concerning the cutting of the, i. 196, 198, 199; cut only during a storm, i. 199; haircutting as a disinfectant, i. 206, 207; magic use of cut hair, i. 198, 199; strength supposed to be in the, ii. 328; hair not cut, i. 193-195; superstition about cutting the hair and nails, i. 193-207

Halberstadt, human scapegoats in, ii. 199

Halibut, festival in honour of the, ii. 121

Halmahera, rain-making in, i. 13, 21

Hampstead, forest of, i. 57

Hare, the corn-spirit as a, ii. 10 _sq._

Harran, ritual observed by the heathen Syrians of, i. 283

Harvest child, a name given to the last sheaf, i. 344

—— cock, a name given to the last sheaf, ii. 7, 8

—— cries, i. 404-409

—— customs, i. 333-347, 352, 353, 367-381, 408; ii. 4-27, 32, 47, 48, 68-73, 213

—— festival, i. 169; ii. 171, 172, 374-376, 382-384

—— goat, ii. 13

—— maiden, a prototype of Proserpine, i. 356

—— May, i. 68, 69, 81, 82; ii. 4

—— omens, ii. 271

—— queen, i. 344

—— songs and cries, ii. 364-366, 404-409

Harz Mountains, Easter fires in the, ii. 253

Hawaii, detention of the soul in, i. 139; capital offences in, i. 190

Hay family, the, and the mistletoe, ii. 362

Head, sanctity of the, i. 187-193; ceremony at the washing of the, i. 188

Headache, transference of, ii. 149

Headington, May-day custom at, i. 94, 95

Heaven, the Golden Bough between heaven and earth, ii. 223-243

Hebrides, representation of spring in the, i. 97

Heligoland, disappearance of the herring from, ii. 120

Herbrechtingen, threshing custom in, ii. 22

Hercynian forest, i. 56, 57

Hereford, sin eaters in, ii. 154, 155

Herefordshire, midsummer fires in, ii. 262

Hermsdorf, harvest custom in, i. 338

Herodotus, story by, of the wind fighters of Psylli, i. 29

Herring, disappearance of the, from Heligoland, ii. 120

Hertfordshire harvest custom, ii. 24

Hessen, Ash Wednesday custom in, ii. 29; sowing-time customs in, ii. 48

Hidatsa Indians, belief in the plurality of souls amongst the, ii. 339

Hierapolis, pigs sacred at, ii. 50

Himalayas, scapegoats in the Western, ii. 194

Hindoo cure for the murrain, ii. 191; festival of Ingathering, ii. 272; girls and puberty, ii. 234, 235; the external soul in Hindoo stories, ii. 298-302

Hindoos, the, test of a suitable sacrificial victim, i. 36; Hindoos and yawning, i. 123; custom of nail cutting by the, i. 196; festival at the eating of the new rice by the, ii. 73

Hindoo Koosh, smoke from the sacred tree inhaled by the sybil, i. 35; blood sucking the test of a diviner amongst the, _ib._; expulsion of devils amongst the, ii. 173

Hippolytus, i. 6

Holland, Whitsuntide custom in, i. 88; Easter fires, ii. 253

Holstein, reaping custom in, i. 333; healing effects of the mistletoe in, ii. 289

Hornkampe, harvest custom in, i. 337

Horse, the corn-spirit as a, ii. 24-26; sacrifice of the, ii. 64

Horses excluded from the Arician grove, i. 6

—— and Virbius, ii. 62-64

Hos, harvest festival amongst the, ii. 171, 172; time of licence with the, ii. 204; offering of first-fruits by the, ii. 374

Hottentot priests do not use iron, i. 173; wind-charm, i. 27, 28; sheep driven through the fire by the, ii. 273

Hovas of Madagascar, offerings of first-fruits by the, ii. 374

How, coffer of Osiris at, i. 309

Huahine, offerings of first-fruits in, ii. 381

Huitzilopochtli, dough image of the Mexican god, made and eaten, ii. 81

Human sacrifices, i. 235-237, 251, 252, 381; replaced by mock sacrifices, i. 250-253

—— victim represents the corn-spirit, i. 390-395

Hungary, Whitsuntide custom in, i. 93; the external soul in Hungarian stories, ii. 320, 321

Hunger, expulsion of, ii. 210, 211

Hunting the wren, ii. 140-144

Hurons, the, and fish bones, ii. 119; their idea of the soul, i. 122; driving away sickness amongst the, ii. 162

Huskanaw, the name of an initiatory ceremony amongst the Indians of Virginia, ii. 348

Hylæ, sacred men inspired by the image of Apollo at, i. 37

Ibo, king of, confined to his premises, i. 164

Iddah, king of, asserts that he is god, i. 41, 42

Ihlozi, the, of the Zulus, ii. 332

Incarnate gods, i. 30-54

Incarnation, temporary and permanent, i. 32, 37-42

Incas of Peru revered as gods, i. 49; preservation of cut hair and parings of the nails of the, i. 203; restrictions upon the prince who is to become Inca of Peru, ii. 225; ceremony for the expulsion of diseases, etc. by the, ii. 167-169

Indersdorf, harvest custom in, ii. 17, 18

India, devil dancer drinks sacrificial blood in Southern, i. 34; human gods in, i. 41, 42; marriage of shrubs and trees in, i. 60; sin eating in, ii. 155, 156; iron used as a charm in, i. 175, 176; harvest custom in the Central Provinces of, i. 371, 372; custom during cholera in Central Provinces of, ii. 189; offerings of first-fruits in, ii. 374, 375

Indians of Alaska, preservation of cut hair by the, i. 201, 202

—— of Arizona offer human sacrifices, i. 251

—— of Guayaquil sacrifice human beings at seed time, i. 381

—— of Guiana, treatment of girls at puberty by the, ii. 232-234

—— of Peru and their fish gods, ii. 118, 119

—— of Virginia, initiatory ceremony amongst the, ii. 348, 349

Influenza, ii. 190

Initiatory rites, simulation of death and resurrection at, ii. 342-358

Innuit of Alaska, custom after a death amongst the, i. 177

Inspiration, i. 33; by blood drinking, i. 34, 35; by use of sacred tree, i. 35; 36

Inspired men, i. 36, 37

—— victims, i. 36

Irayas of Luzon, offerings of first-fruits by the, ii. 377

Ireland, May Day in the south-east of, i. 94; hunting the wren at Christmas in, ii. 142, 143; midsummer fires in, ii. 263, 264

Iron, superstitious aversion to, i. 172-174; as a charm, i. 175

Iron-Beard, Dr., i. 249, 257

Iroquois, ceremony at the festival of dreams by the, ii. 165, 166; scapegoat used by the, ii. 194, 195; time of licence amongst the, ii. 204

Isis, acorn goddess, i. 310, 311; named the moon by the aboriginal inhabitants of Egypt, i. 311; as a cow, ii. 61

Isle of Man, wind selling in the, i. 27; hunting the wren at Christmas in the, ii. 142; midsummer bonfires, ii. 263

Issapoo, the cobra capella the guardian deity of the negroes of, ii. 94, 95

Istar, legend concerning the goddess, i. 287

Italones, cannibalism by the, ii. 88

Italy, tree worship in ancient, i. 58, 59; custom of “sawing the old woman” in, i. 261, 262; gardens of Adonis in, i. 294; midsummer fires in, ii. 266; oak the sacred tree in, ii. 291; the external soul in Italian stories, ii. 307, 308

Itonamas, the, and the soul, i. 123

Itzgrund, harvest custom in, i. 338

Ivy girl, i. 344

Jack-in-the-green, i. 88, 89, 247

Jambi, temporary kings in, i. 231, 232

Japanese, expulsion of evil spirits by the, ii. 176

Jarkino, belief in animate trees in, i. 61

Javanese and rice bloom, i. 60, 61; ceremony at rice harvest, i. 355;

Javanese and the soul, i. 124, 125

Jerome of Prague, i. 24

Jeypur, scapegoat used in cases of smallpox in, ii. 190, 191

Jubilee, i. 225

Jupiter represented by an oak on the Capitol at Rome, ii. 291

Kaffa, worship of human god in, i. 42

Kafir boys at circumcision, i. 171; New Year festival, ii. 74; elephant hunters, ii. 113, 114; burying of cut hair and nails by the Kafirs, i. 202, 203

Kakian Association, ii. 354-357

Kakongo, king of, not allowed to touch certain European goods, i. 160; not seen eating, i. 162

Kalamba, ceremonies on a visit to, by subject chiefs, i. 159

Kalmucks, consecration of the white ram by the, ii. 136

Kamant tribe do not allow a natural death, i. 217

Kamtchatkans excuse themselves before killing land or sea animals, ii. 110, 111; respect the seal and sea lion, ii. 111

Kânagrâ, spring custom in, i. 276, 277

Kángrá, custom at, on the death of a Rajah, i. 232; sin eaters in, ii. 156

Karens, funeral custom by the, i. 129, 130; transference of the soul in Karen, i. 140; dread of women’s blood by the, i. 186; belief concerning the head, i. 187; custom at rice sowing, i. 354, 355

Karma tree, i. 289

Karoks of California and salmon catching, ii. 121

Kasyas, expulsion of devils by the, ii. 184

Katodis, ceremony before felling a tree by the, i. 63

Kent, the ivy girl in, i. 344

Keramin tribe of New South Wales, rain-making by the, i. 15

Key Islanders, soul superstition amongst the, i. 130, 131; expulsion of sickness by the, ii. 160

Khonds, human sacrifices by the, i. 384-390; rain-charm, ii. 42; expulsion of devils by the, ii. 173, 174

Kibanga, kings killed in, i. 218

Kilema, ceremony in, before a stranger is allowed to see the king, i. 159

Kilimanjaro Mount, believed to be tenanted by demons, i. 151

Kimbunda, cannibalism amongst the, ii. 88, 89

King Hop, the title of a temporary king, i. 230

—— of the calf, ii. 21

—— of the May, i. 247

—— of the sacred rites, i. 7

—— of the Wood, i. 1-108; why so called, i. 7; never a temporal sovereign, i. 51; an incarnation of the tree spirit, i. 106-108; probability that he was formerly slain annually, i. 240, 241; similarity to North European personages, i. 249, 250; a personification of the oak, ii. 364; probably burned in a fire of oak wood, ii. 363-365

Kings—as gods, i. 8; supposed to control the weather, i. 44-46; punished for the failure of crops, i. 46-48; killed, i. 48; divine, i. 49; of nature, i. 52; of fire, i. 53-56; of rain, i, 52, 53; of water, i. 53-56; divine, cease to govern, i. 118, 119; abdicate, i. 120; guarded against strangers, i. 158, 159; veiled, i. 162, 163; at meals, i. 162; confined to their palaces, i. 164, 165; killed when they show signs of decay, i. 217-223; killed at expiry of fixed term, i. 223; mitigation of the above rule, kings allowed to defend themselves, i. 224; killed annually, i. 225-227; temporary, i. 228-234; temporary kings sometimes hereditary, i. 228, 232; sons sacrificed in times of great danger, i. 235

Kingsmill Islands, offerings of first-fruits in, ii. 378

Kirn, the name of a harvest supper, i. 345

Klausenburg, harvest custom at, ii. 9

Kloxin, harvest ceremony in, i. 369

Knives, reluctance to use, after a death, i. 176, 177

Kobi, offering of first-fruits by the, ii. 376

Kochs of Assam, offerings of first-fruits by the, ii. 374

Kohlerwinkel, harvest ceremony at, ii. 27

Kolosh Indians, seclusion of girls amongst the, ii. 230

Koniags, seclusion of girls amongst the, ii. 230

Königshain, driving out Death in, i. 276

Konkan, scapegoat used in Southern, in cases of cholera, ii. 191

Konz, midsummer fire festival in, ii. 260, 261

Kostroma, funeral of, i. 273

Kostrubonko, i. 272

Kukulu, the priest king, i. 112, 113

Kumis, driving away small-pox by the, ii. 161

Kupalo, funeral of, i. 272; representation of, i. 292

Kupole’s festival, i. 294

Lachlin family and the deer, ii. 363

La Ciotat, hunting the wren in, ii. 144

Lada, funeral of, i. 273

Lagos, human sacrifices at, i. 383

Lakor, expulsion of diseases to sea in, ii. 192

Lamas, Grand, i. 42, 43; the chief of the, i. 43, 44

Lamb killed sacramentally by the Madi tribe of Central Africa, ii. 137, 138

Lamps, festival of, ii. 176

Laos, precautions against strangers in, i. 152; belief in plurality of souls amongst the, ii. 339

Laosia, women worshippers in, i. 42

La Palisse, harvest custom in, ii. 68

Lapis manalis, i. 22

Lappland, wind selling in, i. 27; ceremony at the sacrifice of an animal in, ii. 123; seclusion of women in, ii. 240

Larch-tree, sacred, i. 61, 62

Lazy man, the, i. 89

Lechrain, midsummer fires in, ii. 258, 259

Leipzig, carrying out the effigy of Death in, i. 268

Lent customs, ii. 247-249

Leopard, ceremony at the killing of a, ii. 114

Leper, custom at the cleansing of a, ii. 151

Lerwick wind-sellers, i. 27

Leti, expulsion of diseases to sea by the, ii. 92

Leucadian scapegoat, ii. 213

Lewis, wind selling in the island of, i. 27

Lhoosai, harvest festival of the, i. 69

Libchowic, Mid-Lent custom in the neighbourhood of, i. 93

Licence, periods of, ii. 204

Life of a person bound up with that of a plant, ii. 328-330

Life plants, ii. 329, 330

Lille, harvest ceremonies at, ii. 25, 26

Linus, the name given to the Phoenician lament at vintage time, i. 365

—— song, i. 398, 399

—— identified with Adonis, i. 399

Lion, ceremony at the killing of a, ii. 114; Arabic belief in the properties of lion’s fat, ii. 86

Lithuania, sun worshippers in, i. 24, 25; tree worshippers in, i. 58; superstition concerning the felling of sacred groves in, i. 66, 67; May customs in, i. 83, 84; custom after a funeral in, i. 177; harvest custom in, i. 340, 341; ceremony at threshing time in, i. 372, 373; ceremonies by the peasants at the eating of the new corn in, ii. 69, 70

Little leaf man, i. 88

Lityerses compared with harvest customs, i. 366, 367; story of, i. 392-395; relation of, to Attis, i. 396, 397

—— the name given to a song by the Phrygian reapers, i. 365, 366

Liver, the, thought to be the seat of the soul, ii. 88

Livonia, sacred grove in, i. 65

Llandebie, sin eating in, ii. 155

Loango, king of, deposed when the harvest fails, i. 47; supernaturally endowed kings of, i. 116; a capital offence to see the king eat, i. 161; the king confined to his palace after coronation, i. 164; food left by the king buried, i. 166; food restrictions in, i. 207, 208; girls secluded at puberty in, ii. 226

London, midsummer pageants in, ii. 281

Longnor, harvest custom at, ii. 25

Lost children, superstition concerning, i. 63

Loucheux Indians, abstinence from the sinew of the thigh by the, ii. 127, 128

Luchon, midsummer fire ceremony at, ii. 282

Lumley, Sir J., excavation of the site of the Diana Nemorensis by, i. 2 _note_

Lüneberg, harvest custom in, i. 377

Lusatia, ceremony of carrying out Death in, i. 259, 264

M’Bengas, life of a child supposed to be bound up with that of a tree by the, ii. 328, 329

Macusis of British Guiana, treatment of girls at the age of puberty by the, ii. 232 _sq._

Madagascar, power ascribed to the souls of the dead in, i. 132; blood of nobles may not be shed in, i. 181; crocodile not killed in, ii. 109, 110

Madenassana bushmen, the goat sacred to the, ii. 56

Madi tribe, burying of the parings of the nails by the, i. 202; lamb killed sacramentally by the, ii. 137, 138

Magic, sympathetic, i. 9-12

—— use of cut hair, i. 198-200

Maiden, a name given to the last handful of corn, i. 344, 345

Maize, mother of the, i. 350-352

Makololo, burning or burying of cut hair by the, i. 205

Malabar, reverence for the cow in, ii. 200

Malagasy, vehicle used by the, for the transference of ills, ii. 149, 150

Malay poem, the external soul in a, ii. 325, 326

Malays and the soul, i. 124; ii. 331; do not touch a man’s head, i. 189

Maldives, cuttings from the hair and nails buried by the natives of the,