Part 10
SYMPTOMS:--Are uneasiness, slight lifting of the tail, lying down and getting up. The still earlier symptoms are enlargement of the udder, and redness of the space between the shape and the udder.
TREATMENT:--When the labor has actually commenced, the membranes will more and more protrude until they break, and the fluid by which the calf was surrounded will escape. If her pains are strong, she should not be meddled with for a few hours. And if no portion of the Calf presents itself, the hand well greased should be introduced, in order to ascertain the situation, and position of the calf. The natural position is with the fore feet presenting, and the muzzel lying upon the fore leg. If this is found to be the case and it has advanced into the passage, sometime longer should be allowed to see what nature will do. However, as soon as you perceive the throes to begin to weaken, if no progress has been made, manual assistance must be rendered.
Here there are two objects to be accomplished; the saving of the lives of both the mother and the young one; all should be done gently.
THE MODE OF ASSISTANCE.
The hand should be well greased, then introduced, and the fore-legs of the calf laid hold of and drawn down, drawing gently at the moment of the mother’s throes. Care should be taken that the head is accompanying them. The hand will sometimes be sufficient for this purpose. If the head cannot be moved by the hand, a cord must be procured with a slip knot at the end, which is to be moved carefully into the passage, and the mouth of the young animal being opened, fastened round his lower jaw, the end of this must be given to an assistant, who should pull gently but firmly at the moment of the throes, while the operator draws out the feet.
Should not this succeed, take two other cords or rope, and fasten one around each leg--two assistants should pull at the feet and another at the head; while one ascertains the progress that is made--too much force should not be used, as the calf may yet be saved. Remember the natural position of the calf, is the presenting of the muzzel lying upon the fore-legs. The most usual false position, is the presentation of the head, while the feet of the calf are doubled down under his belly. A cord must be passed as before, around the lower jaw, which is then to be pushed back into the womb. The operator now introduces his hand and feels the situation of the feet, then fix a cord around each pastern, or about the knee, and bring them into the passage. The head is next to be brought forward again by means of the cord; the cords being now pulled steadily together, it will generally be extracted. Should the calf be dead, and much swollen, the head may then be opened by means of a knife, so as to lessen the bulk. When the feet present and the head is doubled under the rim of the passage, the cords should be placed round the feet, the hand passed into the womb, and the cord looped round the lower jaw. The calf pushed farther back into the womb, the head brought into the passage and the three ropes pulled together. The delivery effected as quickly as may be without the exertion of more force than is necessary.
The last false presentation is the breach--the tail appearing at the mouth of the shape. The hand is to be passed into the uterus, fasten the cords around each hock. The calf is then pushed as far back as possible into the womb, and the hocks are after brought into the passage, the head placed in the proper position, and the ropes changed if necessary, and all three cords drawn gently, until the calf is extracted; considerable force is sometimes needed, but should all be done gently, with an increase of drawing, until the job is completed. By studying these cases, the operator will be able to accomplish his object. In all cases of false presentations, although great force must sometimes be used.
The uterus, or calf bed is sometimes protruded and inverted. The case is not desperate. The part must be cleansed from blood and dirt, and supported by a sheet, then the operator beginning at the very bottom of the womb, returning gradually, and with great care, and patience. The animal should be bled before this is attempted, and the application of cold water should be used for some time; this will contract the womb, and render its return more easy. A stick or couple should be passed through the lips of the shape; in order to prevent its return, and give the following medicines a few times: Take laudanum 1 oz., sweet spirits of nitre 2 oz., give in a pint of warm gruel. The protrusion or inversion of the gut, should be returned the same as in the womb, and a few sticks placed through the shape.
The Cow should in all cases be suffered to lick or clean the calf, as nature has designed it. The cow and calf will be much happier if suffered to remain together for several hours, having free access to each other. The mother should not be exposed to severe weather, immediately after calving. Should have a few warm mashes.
THE MILK FEVER.
This is a disease which is prevalent amongst Cows in high condition.
SYMPTOMS:--Staggering gait, breathing irregular, eyes full and glassy, the animal reels, is unconscious, the head turned on one side, the feeling partially lost, the legs sometimes become paralyzed.
REMEDY:--Take epsom salts 12 ounces, flour sulphur 4 ounces, ginger ¼ oz., spirits of nitrous ether 1 oz., dissolve in warm water--give one half of this twice a day, until the bowels are opened, continue until relieved.
DISEASES OF THE EYE.
Diseases of the eye are generally inflammations, and caused by a bruise or blow inflicted carelessly.
REMEDY:--First bathe the eye well with cold water several times, say some ten or fifteen minutes at a time. Then use the following lotion. Take 40 grains sulphate of zinc, dissolve in ½ pint soft warm water, and bathe the eyes until completely relieved.
THE HOOVE OR BLOWEN FROM PASTURE.
CAUSES:--The cause of Cattle becoming bloated, is from being turned into the pasture in the spring of the year, whilst the pasture is young and full of sap, the ox or cow eats greedily and rapidly, so much so that the stomach is unable to propel forward, the portions of food as it is received, and becomes overloaded and clogged, the food remaining in the stomach too long. Then comes the great danger; what you can do must be done at once, or not at all. The symptoms are plain enough, the beast swells to an enormous extent, the breathing is very laborious, and the beast is threatened with suffocation from the pressure of the stomach on the lungs. The animal is lost unless relief is soon obtained.
REMEDY:--Relief is sometimes obtained from motion and running the beast moderately; sometimes from placing tar, or a tar band into the mouth; sometimes from taking salt and black pepper and throwing it down the throat; some persons have run a lancet, or pocket knife, into the animal, at the spot passing through the skin, and the wall of the belly, so as to enter the paunch; this should be done midway between the last rib and the haunch bone. Another excellent remedy is ½ oz. Chloride of Lime, put into a pint or quart of warm water, and put into the stomach, these generally give immediate relief. There are other remedies, which generally give relief; such as Lime water--also 1½ ounces of Hartshorn may be given, with 1½ pints of water, or 1 ounce Sulphuric Ether in 1 pint of water. The following is plain and simple, and gives relief in almost every case. This has been used extensively, and always given satisfaction.
RECEIPT:--Take two tablespoonsful Rappee Snuff, 1 gill Vinegar, 1 gill Sweet Milk. Mix well and give as a drench. This has been thoroughly tried and relieved nineteen cases out of twenty; it is simple and worthy of attention. No time should be lost in this disease; what you can do must be done at once, or not at all.
PREVENTATIVES:--Every Farmer should adopt the rule, to feed his cattle the following:
Every morning, take 1 pint air slacked lime, 1 pint ground alum salt--mix well and feed with offal. Every particle of the lime should be slacked. Adopt this rule and you will have little or no trouble with your cattle. Dose from 1 to 2 tablespoonsful every morning, in offal before turning into pasture. Another preventative:--Take ashes, air slacked lime, and ground alum salt, equal portions, and feed every morning, or if you have not the lime, the salt and ashes will do well.
CHOKING.
Cattle are extremely liable to become choked on turnips, roots, apples, potatoes.
REMEDY:--Give ½ pint of oil, which will lubricate the passage, then run gag, or tube, or rod, with a knob at the end, down the throat; this should be done carefully, so as not to injure the parts. Should you not give relief by this means, find the position, or place where the apple, or turnip has lodged. This may be done by pressing carefully along down the throat; place a block on the one side of the object, then strike a right smart blow with a mallet, or billet of wood, sufficient to crush the apple or object to pieces, which will instantly be blown out, and the animal relieved.
POISONS.
Little can be done in this, unless you have a pump, so as to extract the poison from the stomach, then follow with physics.
EMBROCATION FOR BITE OF VIPER.
Take hartshorn, spirits camphor, olive oil, equal quantities--mix and rub the wound, and neighboring parts well, morning and night.
One pint whiskey, 1 ounce hartshorn, 1 oz. spirits camphor, ½ pint warm water should be given to the animal.
WOUNDS.
The first thing is to clean the wound from all dirt and gravel. A good fomentation with warm water will effect this. If the wound is much lacerated, or punctured, we must bring them neatly together. If any portions so torn as to prevent its from doing this completely, they should be removed with a knife, or sharp scissors; then the edges brought together by means of passing a needle and strong waxed twine deeply through them, making two, three or more stitches, half inch from each other. Then apply the tincture of myrrh and aloes, and bandage tolerably firm, not so much so as to prevent the circulation. If there should be proud flesh, the wound must be cleansed with a strong solution of blue vitriol, and then dressed with the tincture. All wounds should be first well cleansed, before applying anything on them.
ANGLE BERRIES OR WARTS.
These are little warty tumors, growing on various parts of the skin, and sometimes on the teats.
REMEDY:--The easiest and shortest way to remove them, is to tie a piece of waxed silk firmly around the base of each, and to tighten them every day; by means of this, the tumor will drop off, and will rarely grow again. To make it certain, the parts should be touched with a hot iron or lunar caustic; the warts should be well scarred, and they will never appear again.
THE FOUL IN THE FOOT.
The first thing is to examine the wound carefully, and see how far it extends under the hoof or horn. The first step is to clean all the foul or proud flesh, by means of a knife, then apply lunar caustic, or muriatic acid, until the wound becomes healthy and dry. In extreme cases where there is swelling, apply a poultice night and morning, then apply the caustic, and keep dry and from all danger of getting dirt and gravel in. When the wound begins to look healthy, apply the tincture of Aloes and Myrrh, until perfectly relieved, and give a gentle purgative.
TO DRY A COW OF HER MILK.
The best time to dry cows is whilst feeding dry feed. A good dose of physic and after it has operated, follow with an astringent drink, will generally settle the business. Six drachms of alum dissolved in 1 pint water, is a dose. The cow should be milked clean when the astringent is given; feed on dry food for a few days. Should the udder get very hard in a few days, milk clean and give another astringent drink, and the third may be given if necessary.
THE MANGE.
This is a troublesome disease among cattle, at times the itching torments the beast wonderfully, causing the cow to fall off in her milk, and generally get thin in flesh, if suffered to remain any length of time. The most effectual application is an ointment, which, sulphur is the principal ingredient.
MANGE OINTMENT:--Take flour of sulphur 1 lb., strong mercurial ointment 2 ounces, common turpentine ½ pint, lard 1½ lb. Melt the turpentine and lard together well; stir in the sulphur when it begins to cool--when cool, rub the mercurial ointment on a marble slab, with the other ingredients, mix these together. This should be well rubbed in with the hand daily, wherever there is mange. If in the winter, the animal should not be exposed to severe cold. Give a few doses of physic, with sulphur added to it. Warbles gad fly or ose fly, is quite an annoyance to the animal. The fly generally alights on the back, deposits the egg under the skin, causing a tumour to rise the size of an hazel nut, some larger--it soon bursts, leaving a hole on the top, for the grub or worm, which now lives and feeds on the fatty matter.
REMEDY:--Squeeze out the worm or grub, by pressing firmly, if this cannot be accomplished, open it with a lancet or knife, and put in a few drops spirits turpentine, a few times which will destroy the grub.
RABIES OR HYDROPHOBIA.
This is a dreadful Disease, produced by the bite of a rabid or mad dog. The symptoms of its approach are dullness, loss of appetite, the eyes protruding and red; is continually voiding urine or dunging, saliva drivels from his mouth: presently weakness of the loins, and staggering appear; sometimes they linger six or seven days, and die. There is no cure.
REMEDY:--Destroy the animal as soon as possible. Care should be taken that the saliva is not received on a wound; any wound which it has fallen on, should be immediately well burned with lunar caustic. Should you see the rabid dog bite your animal, and find the spot, immediately burn the wound well with the lunar caustic, there is a possibility of their escape. The hair should be clipped off, and every scratch carefully touched with the caustic.
FOR YOUNG CALVES.
Should the mother’s milk not be sufficient to operate upon the bowels, or not at all, give 1 or 2 ounces Epsom salts, according to the size: dissolve in ½ pint gruel, add a little ginger, and a few drops peppermint, or as you may give Castor oil; if it should be an obstinate case, give an injection or two of salts dissolved in water, and a little castor oil, this will set all right.
COW POWDERS.
This is an excellent powder for general derangements of the System. Such as falling off of the milk, dullness, stupidness, staring of the hair, &c.
This powder is truly astonishing in its effects on cattle, giving new life and vigor to the animal. No owner of cattle should do without this powder, and should adopt the rule to feed all his cattle, some of the powder, once or twice a year, and especially before commencing to fatten them. This powder is equally as good for Sheep. Take
½ pound gentian root, ½ “ flour of brimstone, ½ “ fenugreek, ½ “ rosin, ½ “ copperas, ¼ “ cream of tartar, ½ “ epsom salts, ½ “ juniper berries, ½ “ spice berries, ¼ “ salts nitre, ½ “ ginger, ¼ “ caraway seed, ¼ “ aniseed, 2 oz. antimony, 2 oz. columbo, 1 oz. gum asafœtida, 2 oz. alum,
Pulverize these articles fine and mix well, and it is ready for use. Any of the above articles can be had at any Drug Store.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE:--Dose for a full grown animal, one tablespoonful once or twice a day, as the case may require.
This powder cannot be excelled, it is an excellent medicine for all derangements of the system, it is perfectly harmless, and should be fed sometime in all chronic and lingering diseases, or at least until entirely relieved, and the system put in perfect health. No animal can thrive unless in health. Therefore every farmer should adopt the rule to feed all his stock, and especially those which he wishes to fatten with some of these powders; by so doing you will save feed and time. In fattening, feed on offal.
DIRECTIONS:--For a full grown sheep, dose, 1 teaspoonful once or twice a day, as the necessity of the case may require. Feed on offal.
INDEX TO DISEASES OF HORSES.
Bots or Grubs, PAGE. 25-26
Brood Mares, 57
Chest Founder, 39
Chronic Cough, 45
Ears, 30
Enlargement of the Hock, 48
Epidemics, 44
Eyes, 29
Flatulent Colic, 9 10 11
Founder Acute, 52 53 54
Grease, 50 51
Inflammation, 40 41 42
---- Bladder, 15 16
---- Bowels, 22 23 24
---- Feet, 52 53 54
---- Kidneys, 17
---- Larynx, 43 44
---- Lungs, 18 19 20 21
Injury of the Eyes, 34
Lampass, 35
Membranes of the Nose, 27 28
Physicing, 47
Poll Evil, 5 6 7 8
Process of Teething, 36 37 38
Rabies or Madness, 33
Restiveness or taming Horses, 55 56
Spasmodic Colic, 12 13 14
Sprain of Back Sinews, 48
---- of Coffin Joint, 49
Staggers, 31 32
Thick or Broken Wind, 46
Warts, 58
INDEX TO RECEIPTS BELONGING TO THE HORSE.
A Good Horse Powder, 68
Arabian Oil for Horses, 61
Blistering, 69
---- Ointment, 71
Celebrated Horse Powders, 60 61
Cooling lotion for inflammation, 74
Cure for Ring Bone, 71
---- Blood or Bog Spavin, 68
---- Black Tongue, 63
---- Bots, 62 90
---- Distemper, 66
---- Galds on Horses, 61
---- Sweaney, 74 75 76
---- Urine Bound, 65
Embrocation for the Throat, 67
For the Blacksmith, 89
Hoof Ointment, 66
How to throw a Horse, 77 78 79 80
---- to break a kicking Horse, 85 86 87 88
---- to make a Horse follow you, 91
---- to learn him to stand still, 92
Infallible Lotion for Bruises, &c., 63
Liniment for Sprains, 73
Lotion for Scratches or Grease, 64
Quiet or Tame Horses, 64
Rules for a Horse that Shies, 81 82 83 84
Spirits of Pimento, 72
Tincture, Aloes and Myrrh, 70
---- Iodine, 73
---- Opium, 70
To make Elder Ointment, 67
Treatment of Founder, 65
INDEX TO MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE HORSE.
Alcohol, 94
Aloes, 95
Alum, 96
Antimony, 93
Aqua-Fortis, 94
Balls or Pills, 98
Cantharides, 97
Charcoal, 97
Chloride of Lime, 107
Clysters, 99
Common Salt, 106
Digitalis, 100
Drinks and Drenches, 104
Fomentations, 102
Gentian, 102
Ginger, 101
---- Root, 107
Liniments, 105
Linseed, 99
Mashes, 101
Muriatic Acid, 96
Mustard, 96
Opium, 103
Pitch, 100
Poultices, 103
Spasmodics, 93
Spirits of Camphor, 93
Sulphur, 105
Sulphuric Acid, 95
Tar, 104
Turpentine, 106
Thompson’s No. 6, 108
Vinegar, 94
Zinc or Calamine Powder, 108
INDEX TO DOMESTIC MEDICINES.
American Helebore, 112
---- Columbo, 118
---- Gentuary, 121
Black Alder, 119
Blood or Percoon Root, 122
Boneset or Thoroughwort, 123
Bitter Root or Silkweed, 124
Boiled Cider, 166
Black Ink, 171 172
Black or Dewberry Wine, 169
Black or Dewberry Cordial, 168
Compost to prevent Crows from Corn, 204
Clay Poultice for Man or Horse, 200
Cure for bite of Mad Dog, 200
---- for Bite of Snake, 200
---- for Bronchitis, 196
---- for Cancer, 164
---- for Felon, 195
Cox’s Hive Syrup, 187
Cologne Water, 178
Cherry Brandy, 167
Consumer, 129
Compound Tincture of Gentian, 116
Cement for Grafting, 115
Cement to Mend Glass, 111
Dandeline, 121
Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine, 148 149 150 151
Domestic Tonic, 201
Domestic Yeast, 204
Dr. Young’s Pills, 186
Domestic Cough Syrup, 189
Essence of Cinnamon, 194
Eye Water, 194
Essence of Peppermint, 193
Essence of Lemon, 193
Extempore Gaseous Chalybeate Water, 125
Emetic for Poison, 113
French Patent Oil Varnish, 187
Furniture Polish, 192
Gas Beer, 169
Great Salve for Wounds, &c., 190
Grease for Carriages, &c., 197
Guaiacum, Amoniated Tincture, 115
Gentian, 126
Green Ointment, 201
Health, Its Value &c., 138 to 142
How to Prolong Life, 143 to 146
How to Keep Apples, 203
How to destroy Lice on Chickens, 205
Indian Turnip, 113
Indellible Ink, 171
Judkins’ Ointment, 162
Keep Cider sweet, 165
Liquid Opodeldoc, 147
Lunar Caustic, 111
Make Honey without Bees, 161
Make Soft Soap, 191
Ointment for Scrofulus Ulcers, 201
----, Milch Scald, 116
Piles, 164
Prof. Biddle’s Celebrated Preparation, 174 175
Preserve Butter, 180
Pickel Cucumbers, 181
Preserve Peaches, 182
Preserve Plumbs, 182
Pleurisy Root, 125
Pickling Pears, 130
Preservation of the Health, 131 to 137
Patent Black Japan, 191
Plague Blister, 198
Remedies for Rheumatism, 152 to 160
Receipt for Humors on Children, 199
Receipt for Hogs, 197
Rattleweed Root, 127
Remedy for Bite of a Snake, 163
Red Ink, 171
Restore the Hair in Baldness, 176
Remedy for Itch, 185 186
Soap to Take Grease out of Cloth, &c., 183 184
Soft Ginger Bread, 181
Silver Top Drink, 170
Simple Syrup of Rhubarb, 117
---- Tincture of Rhubarb, 117
Seneca Snake Root, 114
Soda Powders, 190
Transplanting Trees, 200
Tincture of Peach Kernels, 202
The Prickley Ash, 120
Toothache Balsam, 177
---- Drops, 179
Tooth Powder, 177
Transparent Soap, 173
White Swelling, 165
Washing Fluid, 172
Worth Knowing, 205