Category: Psychiatry/Psychology
Two forms of intellectual activity: association and dissociation.—Abstraction belongs to the second type. Its positive and negative conditions. It is a case of attention: psychical reinforcement.—It is in embryo in concrete operations: in perception, and the image. Its practic...
Two forms of intellectual activity: association and dissociation.—Abstraction belongs to the second type. Its positive and negative conditions. It is a case of attention: psychi...
2. CHAPTER II.Language in animals.—The origin of speech; principal contemporaneous hypotheses; instinct, progressive evolution. The cry, vocalisation, articulation. Transitional forms: co-exi...
3. CHAPTER III.Division into two classes according to the function of the word.—First class. Words not indispensable, and only in a limited degree the instrument of substitution.—Difference be...
4. CHAPTER IV.Object of the chapter: What is there in consciousness, when we think by concepts?—The general idea as a psychical state may be reduced to varieties. Investigation of this point:...
5. CHAPTER V.Return to lower phases: concrete and abstract.—Formation of idea of unity. Hypotheses as to its experimental origin: touch, sight, hearing, internal sensations, attention. Unity...
6. CHAPTER VI.How was the faculty of abstracting and of generalising constituted? Two principal causes: utility, appearance of inventors.—How has it developed? Three principal directions: pra...
7. CHAPTER I.Save in extremely rare cases,—supposing such to occur at all, as perhaps in the instant of surprise, and in states approximating to pure sensation,—save in such extremely rare c...
8. CHAPTER II.Before we inquire into abstraction, as fixed and expressed in words,—whether such words are the complement of an actual or possible representation, or exist alone in consciousne...
9. CHAPTER III.Having thus acquainted ourselves with this new factor—speech—which as an instrument of abstraction becomes steadily more and more important, we can take up our subject from the...
10. CHAPTER IV.Before we embark on the study of the principal concepts, it is incumbent upon us (in order to determine for each of these, separately, the conditions of their genesis and develo...
11. CHAPTER V.After this general study of the nature of the most elevated forms of abstraction, we must take the principal concepts one by one, and retrace their evolution in outline. Let us...
12. CHAPTER VI.We have endeavored to show how the faculty of abstracting and of generalising has been developed empirically, and to follow it in its spontaneous and natural evolution as shown...
13. Chapter XIV. The earlier psychologists, in considering the “faculty of[9] This term is borrowed from the well-known works of Galton on composite photographs, which are scarcely more than twenty years old. Huxley in his book on Hume (Chapter IV.) a...
14. Chapter VI.; Kleinpaul, _Zeitschrift für Völkerpsych._, VI., 353.[38] Gérando, _op. cit._, II., note K, p. 203. Among the gestures that are identical under their double form may be noted stone, water, large, tall, to see, finished, man, house...
15. ii. Correlative concepts, with reciprocal relations; men and women,mountain and valley. iii. Contrary concepts; high and low, good and bad. iv. Contingent concepts; such, i. e., as touch, with very minute, perceptible differences; this highly i...