CHAPTER X.
THE CONNEXION BETWEEN THE OPEN-FIELD SYSTEM AND SERFDOM OF ENGLAND AND OF THE ROMAN PROVINCES OF GERMANY AND GAUL.
1. The open-field system in England and in Germany compared 368
2. The boundaries or 'marchæ' 375
3. The three fields, or 'zelgen' 376
4. The division of the fields into furlongs and acres 380
5. The holdings--the 'yard-land' or 'hub' 389
6. The hide, the 'hof,' and the 'centuria' 395
7. The gafol and gafol-yrth 399
8. The boon-work and week-work of the serf 403
9. The creation of serfs and the growth of serfdom 405
10. The confusion in the status of the tenants on English and German manors 407
11. Result of the comparison 409