Act II, Sc. 8, Dyce, II, 172.

[175] Already remarked by Motherwell, Minstrelsy, p. 378.

[176] A queen is arbiter in Gower and Chaucer; so here in versions #E#, #F#, #G#, #J#.

[177] In #K#, a vulgar copy, the man is absurdly made a blacksmith's son, though a courtier. Similarly in an old stall copy of which the last stanza is cited by Buchan, II, 318:

O when she came to her father's yetts, Where she did reckon kin, She was the queen of fair Scotland, And he but a goldsmith's son.

[178] This is a commonplace, as observed already, I, 446. It occurs also in 'Malfred og Sadelmand,' st. 8, Kristensen, I, 259, No. 99. Ebbe Galt is translated by Prior, II, 87.

[179] Danske Viser, No 186, Grundtvig's #A#, is translated by Dr Prior, who notes the resemblance and the contrast to our ballad, III, 144.

111

CROW AND PIE

MS. Rawlinson, C. 813, fol. 27 b, beginning of the sixteenth century. Halliwell's Nugæ Poeticæ, p. 42.

This is not a purely popular ballad, but rather of that kind which, for convenience, may be called the minstrel-ballad. It has, however, popular features, and markedly in stanzas 13, 14; for which see pp. 444, 446 of the first volume, and the ballad preceding this, #A# 5, 6, #B# 3, 4, etc.; also Buchan's Ballads of the North of Scotland, II, 144, 'The Baron o Leys.'

1 Throughe a forest as I can ryde, To take my sporte yn an mornyng, I cast my eye on euery syde, I was ware of a bryde syngynge.

2 I sawe a faire mayde come rydyng; I speke to hur of loue, I trowe; She answered me all yn scornyng, And sayd, The crowe shall byte yow.

3 'I pr_a_y yow, damesell, scorne me nott; To wyn yo_ur_ loue ytt ys my wyll; For yo_ur_ loue I haue dere bought, And I wyll take good hede thertyll.'

4 'Nay, for God, s_er_, that I nyll; I tell the, Jenken, as I trowe, Thow shalt nott fynde me suche a gyll; Therfore the crowe shall byte yow.'

5 He toke then owt a good golde ryng, A p_ur_se of velweytt, that was soo fyne: 'Haue ye thys, my dere swetyng, W_i_th that ye wylbe lemman myn.'

6 'Be Cryst, I dare nott, for my dame, To dele w_i_th hym þ_a_t I doo nott knowe; For soo I myght dyspyse my name; Therfore the crow shall byte yow.'

7 He toke hur abowte the mydell small, That was soo faire of hyde and hewe; He kyssed hur cheke as whyte as whall, And p_ra_yed hur þ_a_t she wolde vpon hym rewe.

8 She scornyd hym, and callyd hym Hew; His loue was as a paynted blowe: 'To-day me, to-morowe a newe; Therfore the crow shall byte yow.'

9 He toke hur abowte the mydell small, And layd hur downe vpon the grene; Twys or thrys he s_er_ved hur soo w_i_thall, He wolde nott stynt yet, as I wene.

10 'But sythe ye haue i-lyen me bye, Ye wyll wedde me now, as I trowe:' 'I wyll be aduysed, Gyll,' sayd he, 'For now the pye hathe peckyd yow.'

11 'But sythe ye haue i-leyn me by, And brought my body vnto shame, Some of yo_ur_ good ye wyll part w_i_th me, Or ell_es_, be Cryst, ye be to blame.'

12 'I wylbe aduysed,' he sayde; 'Þe wynde ys wast Þat thow doyst blowe; I haue a-nod_er_ þ_a_t most be payde; Therfore the pye hathe pecked yow.'

13 'Now sythe ye haue i-leyn me bye, A lyttle thyng ye wyll tell; In case that I with chylde be, What ys yo_ur_ name? Wher doo ye dwell?'

14 'At Yorke, at London, at Clerkenwell, At Leycest_er_, Cambryge, at myrye Brystowe; Some call me Rychard, Robart, Jacke, and Wyll; For now the pye hathe peckyd yow.

15 'But, all medons, be ware be rewe, And lett no man downe yow throwe; For and yow doo, ye wyll ytt rewe, For then Þe pye wyll pecke yow.'

16 'Farewell, corteor, ou_er_ the medoo, Pluke vp yo_ur_ helys, I yow beshrew! Yo_ur_ trace, wher so eu_er_ ye ryde or goo, Crystes curse goo wythe yow!

17 'Thoughe a knave hathe by me layne, Yet am I nod_er_ dede nor slowe; I trust to recou_er_ my harte agayne, And Cryst_es_ curse goo wythe yow!'

* * * * *

1^4. bryde: _qy_, bryd?

8^2. blewe.

16^2. be shrew yow.

17^2. nor sleyne.

And _for_ &. _Final double_ 1, _though crossed, has been printed without adding_ e.

112

THE BAFFLED KNIGHT

#A. a.# Ravenscroft's Deuteromelia, or, The Second Part of Musicks Melodie, or Melodious Musicke, London, 1609. 'The Over Courteous Knight,' Ritson's Ancient Songs, 1790, p. 159. #b.# Pills to Purge Melancholy, III, 37, 1719.

#B.# Pills to Purge Melancholy, V, 112, 1719.

#C. a.# 'The Baffled Knight, or, The Lady's Policy.' A Collection of Old Ballads, III, 178, 1725. #b.# 'The Lady's Policy, or, The Baffled Knight,' Three Parts (the first fifty stanzas), Pepys Ballads, V, Nos 162-164. #c.# Douce Ballads, III, fol. 52b. #d.# 'The Baffled Knight, or, The Lady's Policy,' Roxburghe Ballads, III, 674.

#D. a.# 'The Shepherd's Son,' Herd's Ancient and Modern Scots Songs, p. 328, 1769. #b.# 'Blow the Winds, Heigh ho!' Dixon, Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England, p. 123, Percy Society, vol. xvii; Bell, p. 80.

#E.# 'The Knight and Lady,' Motherwell's MS., p. 410.

#A b# is in the first volume of the editions of 1698, 1707: Chappell, Popular Music, p. 62. #B# is in the third volume of the edition of 1707, and is also printed in A Complete Collection of Old and New English and Scotch Songs, 8vo, 1735, which I have not seen: Chappell, p. 520.

The original story, represented by #A#, #B#, and #C# 1-17, appears to have been revived at the end of the seventeenth century, and to have been so much relished as to encourage the addition of a Second, Third, and Fourth Part, all of which were afterwards combined, as in #C a#, #c#, #d#.[180]

Percy inserted a version of #C#, abridged to forty-five stanzas, in his Reliques, 1765, III, 238, 1767, II, 339, which was "given, with some corrections,[181] from a MS. copy, and collated with two printed ones in Roman character in the Pepys collection." Although "MS. copy" in Percy's case may mean nothing, while "some corrections" may signify much, it has been thought best to reprint Percy's ballad in an Appendix.

#D# is repeated in Johnson's Museum, p. 490, No 477, with a slight change in the first line. It probably belongs to the first half of the eighteenth century.

#E# is, in all probability, a broadside copy modified by tradition. In #E#, as in two stanzas appended to #B# (see notes), and in a rifacimento immediately to be mentioned, the all but too politic maid would certainly seem to be encouraging the knight at first.[182]

'The Politick Maid,' Roxburghe Ballads, I, 306 f, Ballad Society reprint, II, 281, is an edition, after Percy's fashion, of some old form of the ballad, by Richard Climsell (Chappell). It was printed for Thomas Lambert, whose date, according to Mr. Chappell, is 1636-41, and is, therefore, considerably earlier than any known copy of the First Part of #C#. For the sake of such portions of the original as it preserves, it is given in an Appendix.

There is a Scottish ballad in which the tables are turned upon the maid in the conclusion. This, as being of comparatively recent, and not of popular, but of low literary origin, cannot be admitted here. It can be found in Kinloch's Ballad Book, 'Jock Sheep,' p. 16, and the Kinloch MSS, I, 229, communicated by James Beattie as taken down from the recitation of Miss E. Beattie, Mearnsshire. Other versions are, in the Campbell MSS, 'Dernie Hughie,' II, 233; 'Jock Sheep, or, The Maiden Outwitted,' Buchan MSS, 1, 155. Another ballad, brief and silly, in which a maid ties a gentleman's hands with her apron strings, 'The Abashed Knight,' Buchan's Ballads of the North of Scotland, II, 131, is rejected on similar grounds.

The important points in #A#, #B#, and the first part of #C# are that a knight, coming upon a damsel at a distance from her home, desires to have his will of her. She asks him to take her to her father's hall, where he shall be gratified. Reaching the house, she slips in and leaves the knight without. She jeers at him for not using his opportunity.

A similar story occurs in many European ballads.

#Spanish. A.# 'De Francia partió la niña,' "Cancionero de Romances, s. a., fol. 259, Can. de Rom. 1550, fol. 274, Silva de 1550, I, fol. 184;" 'La Infantina,' Duran, I, 152, No 284, Wolf y Hofmann, Primavera, II, 82, No 154. A damsel on the way to Paris has lost the road, and is waiting under a tree for an escort. A knight rides by, and she asks him to take her along. He puts her on the crupper, and, when midway, asks for _amores_. The damsel tells him that she is a leper (hija de un malato y de una malatía), which frightens the knight to silence. As they are entering Paris the damsel laughs, and the knight asks why; she laughs at the knight's want of spirit. He proposes to go back for something which he has forgotten. She will not turn back; she is daughter to the king of France, and any man who should touch her would pay dearly for it. #B.# Another copy, from a broadside of the sixteenth century, Duran, I, 152, No 285, Primavera, II, 83, No 154 a, blends the story with that of a princess who has been made to pass seven years in a wood by a fairy's spell, 'A cazar va el caballero,' 'La Infanta encantada,' Duran, I, 159, No 295, Primavera, II, 74, No 151. #C.# 'El Caballero burlado,' from Asturian tradition, Amador de los Rios, Historia de la Litteratura española, VII, 442.

#Portuguese. A.# 'A Infeitiçada,' Almeida-Garrett, II, 31. #B#, #C#, #D#. Romances da filha do rei de França, 'O caçador e á donzilla,' 'Donzella encantada,' Braga, Cantos p. do Archipelago açoriano, Nos 1, 2, 3, pp. 183-191. #E#, #F#. Romances da Infanta de França, 'A Encantada,' Braga, Romanceiro Geral, Nos 10, 11, pp. 26-29. #G.# 'Infantina' (defective), Coelho, Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, III, 62.[183] In all the Portuguese versions the proper story is mixed with that of the Hunter and the Enchanted Princess ('O Caçador,' Almeida-Garrett, II, 17), and in all but #F# the lady is discovered to be the sister of the knight, a frequent catastrophe in ballads,[184] certainly a false one in the present instance. In #A# the damsel represents herself as having been bewitched before baptism, and any man who should come near her would become _malato_.[185] In #B#, #C#, #D# she says she is daughter of a _malato_, and any man approaching her would become _malato_.[186] This feature is wanting in #E#, #F#, #G#.

#French.# #A.# Gasté, Chansons normandes du XV^e siècle, p. 72, No 43, 'Et qui vous passera le bois?' Vaux-de-vire d'Olivier Basselin, etc., Du Bois, p. 190, No 30, Le Bibliophile Jacob, p. 225; Wolff, Altfranzösische Volkslieder, p. 81. #B. a.# 'La Filho doou Ladre,' Arbaud, II, 90. #b.# 'La Fille du Lepreux,' Poésies pop. de la France, MS., III, fol. 261. #C.# 'En allant au bois,' Bujeaud, I, 244. #D.# 'En revenant de Saint-François,' Guillon, p. 103. #E.# 'Margueridette,' Bladé, Poésies pop. de l'Armagnac, etc., p. 76. A damsel who is afraid to pass a wood is taken through by a knight, #B#. Midway he makes love to her; she advises him to keep off; she is the daughter of a leper. When out of the wood she laughs, and, the man asking why, says, because she has come out a maid. He proposes to return, which she will not hear of; he should have plucked his bird while he had it in hand. She declares herself daughter of the king, #D#; of the seigneur, #E#; of the chief burgher of the city, #A#. The knight of #B# is an officer in #E#, who takes the maid up on his horse, and in #E# she feigns to be the hangman's daughter, not a leper's. Inferior copies of the same type are given by Legrand, Romania, X, 392, No 43, Lovell, Chansons Canadiennes, p. 30, Gagnon, p. 92 (much corrupted).

In a variation of this story an orange-girl delivers herself from her predicament by feigning an ague-fit: 'La Marchande d'Oranges,' Rolland, p. 258, No 127, _d_; Poésies pop. de la France, IV, fol. 166, fol. 213 (a fragment at fol. 286 is the latter half of the same copy); Bujeaud, I, 249, and 251 (marchande de pommes). Other copies give the story a different turn.

In another version the man yields to the girl's tears, and is laughed at in the conclusion: 'Le galant maladroit,' Poésies pop. de la France, MS., III, fol. 139, fol. 141; 'La fille bien avisée,' fol. 524; IV, fol. 350, 'Il était un chasseur;' VI, 119==Rolland, I, 23, No 4, c; Gerard de Nerval, La Bohème Galante, p. 96, ed. 1866==Les Faux Saulniers, Œuvres complètes, 1868, IV, 398; Buchon, p. 76, No 2; Beaurepaire, p. 33 f; Guillon, p. 101; Tarbé, 'L'honnête Garçon,' II, 137; Rolland, 'L'Occasion manquée,' I, 23, No 4 b; Puymaigre, 'La Rencontre,' p. 113, 2d ed. I, 154. The "moral" is wanting in very few of these.

Still other varieties, with omissions, additions, or changes which need not be particularized, are: 'L'Amant discret,' Puymaigre, p. 112, I, 153; Guillon, pp. 29, 273; 'L'autre jour,' Bladé, P. p. de l'Armagnac, p. 114; 'Praube Moussu,' Bladé, Poésies pop. de la Gascogne, II, 66, Moncaut, p. 356; Rolland, I, 23, No 4, a; 'Lou Pastre,' Bladé, II, 114; Bujeaud, I, 254; 'Lou Pastour et la Pastouro,' Daymard, Collection de vieilles chansons recueillies à Serignac, p. 16, which last I have not seen.

#Italian.# 'La figlia del re,' Ferraro, Canti p. monferrini, p. 76, No 55. A damsel lost in a wood asks a cavalier to show her the way. He takes her on his horse. She, for a reason not given, but to be gathered from the other southern ballads, tells him that she is daughter of a poor man who has had seven years of sickness. Get down from the horse, he says, and I will show you the way. At the end of the wood she tells him she is daughter of a rich merchant, proprietor of many farms. He solicits her to mount again. No; he has had the quail and let it fly; yonder is the castle of her father the king.

#Danish.# 'I Rosenslund,' Grundtvig, IV, 357, No 230, four copies: #A#, previously in Levninger, II, 51, No 9, #C#, "Tragica, No 14," 1657, Danske Viser, III, 94, No 122. #D# has a false conclusion. In #A#, the best copy, from MSS of the seventeenth century, a knight who is hawking and hunting finds a damsel in a wood. She has been there all night, she says, listening to the birds. He says, Not so, it is a tryst with a knight; and she owns that this is the case. He proposes that she shall throw over this lover and accept him. She will not give her faith to two, and asks him for his honor's sake to convey her to her bower. She rides, he walks; and when they come to the bower she locks him out, wishing him ill night and laughing as he rides away.

'Den dyre Kaabe,' Grundtvig, IV, 362, No 231, two copies, from MSS of the seventeenth century. A maid and a young man meet in a wood or mead. She invites him to spread both of their cloaks on the ground for a bed. His new scarlet cloak cost him fifteen mark in Stockholm, and he will not spoil it by laying it in the dew. If he will wait, she will go home to her mother's, not far, and bring a bolster. She goes off laughing and leaves him expecting her all that day and the next, but she does not come back. Eight weeks after he meets her at the church door and asks an explanation. He may thank his cloak of scarlet new for his disappointment; had she been a young man and met a maid, she would not have spared her cloak though it were cloth of gold. The reference to Stockholm points to a Swedish origin for this ballad, but it is not, says Grundtvig, extant in Swedish.

#German.# 'Das Mäntelein,' "Frankfurter Liederbuch 1584, No 150," Uhland, p. 245, No 106, Mittler, No 32. A young man and maid go out into the green three hours before day. After rebuffing him, she strangely asks him, as if she knew that he would not consent, to spread his cloak on the grass. His cloak cost him fifty pound, and would be spoiled. In the evening, as she stands in her tower, the young man passes and greets her. She answers, The angels above will requite your cloak for my coming off a maid.

The artifice by which the lady disembarrasses herself in the Third Part of the broadside ballad, by pulling off the knight's boots half-way, is a very familiar story, found also in a modern German ballad, Walter, p. 94, No 64. See Les cent nouvelles Nouvelles, 1432 and earlier, No 24, ed. Wright, Paris, 1858, I, 128; Hondorff, Promptuarium Exemplorum, "1572, fol. 310," 1586, 362 b; Kirchhof, Wendunmuth, 1562, ed. Oesterley, III, 228, and other places, besides these, cited by Oesterley, IV, 101.

A modern French ballad, attributed to Favart, which may very probably have had a basis in popular tradition, celebrates the _fille d'honneur_ who escapes from the importunity of her seigneur by distracting his attention (as the lady does in the second adventure in English #C#), and leaping on to the horse from which he had dismounted to make love to her, in some versions taking his valise with her: 'La villageoise avisée,' from Recueil de romances historiques, tendres et burlesques, tant anciennes et modernes, par M. D. L**, 1767, I, 299, in Hoffmann und Richter, Schlesische Volkslieder, p. 354; 'La Bergère rusée,' Puymaigre, pp. 119, 121, or I, 160, 162; Poésies pop. de la France, MS., III, fol. 37, 284, 294, 522, VI, 472; Wolff, Altfranzösische Volkslieder, p. 142; Tarbé, 'La Fille d'Honneur,' II, 147; 'Le Cavalier,' Guillon, p. 175. On this French ballad is founded 'Junkernlust und Mädchenlist,' Hoffmann u. Richter, p. 156, No 132, 'Der Junker und das Mädchen,' Erk u. Irmer, iv, 66, No 60, 'Die Verschmitzte,' Zuccalmaglio, p. 195, No 93. Somewhat similar are 'List der Bedrukte,' Willems, Oude vlaemsche Liederen, p. 215, No 88; 'The Scotchman Outwitted,' Old Ballads, 1723, I, 211, and Ritson's Select Collection of English Songs, 1783, II, 286; 'The Courtier and Country Maid,' Pills to Purge Melancholy, I, 128, ed. 1719.

In a Romaic ballad a maid makes a youngster who solicits her carry her over a river, then holds him off by promises while they cross field and meadow, and when they reach a hamlet sets the dogs at him: Ἡ Απατη, "Xanthopoulos, Trapezountia, in Φιλολογικος Συνεκδημος, 1849, p. 436;" Kind, Anthologie, 1861, p. 86, Passow, No 481. (Without the dogs, in Ioannidis, p. 276, No 4.)

There is a French ballad in which a maid who is rowing a man over a piece of water receives amorous proposals from him, exacts a large sum of money, lands the gallant, and pushes off: 'La Batelière,' 'La jolie Batelière,' 'La Batelière rusée,' Puymaigre, p. 145, or I, 186, p. 147; Fleury, Littérature orale de la Basse-Normandie, p. 308; Poésies pop. de la France, MS., III, 137; Bujeaud, II, 307; Decombe, p. 323.

* * * * *

Percy's copy is translated by Bodmer, I, 94; by Bothe, 425.

A

#a.# Ravenscroft's Deuteromelia, or, The Second Part of Musick's Melodie, or Melodious Musicke, etc., E 4, London, 1609. Ritson's Ancient Songs, 1790, p. 159. #b.# Pills to Purge Melancholy, III, 37, 1719.

1 Yonder comes a courteous knight, Lustely raking ouer the lay; He was well ware of a bonny lasse, As she came wandring ouer the way. Then she sang downe a downe, hey downe derry (_bis_)

2 'Ioue you speed, fayre lady,' he said, 'Among the leaues that be so greene; If I were a king, and wore a crowne, Full soone, fair lady, shouldst thou be a queen.

3 'Also Ioue saue you, faire lady, Among the roses that be so red; If I haue not my will of you, Full soone, faire lady, shall I be dead.'

4 Then he lookt east, then hee lookt west, Hee lookt north, so did he south; He could not finde a priuy place, For all lay in the diuel's mouth.

5 'If you will carry me, gentle sir, A mayde vnto my father's hall, Then you shall haue your will of me, Vnder purple and vnder paule.'

6 He set her vp vpon a steed, And him selfe vpon another, And all the day he rode her by, As though they had been sister and brother.

7 When she came to her father's hall, It was well walled round about; She yode in at the wicket-gate, And shut the foure-eard foole without.

8 'You had me,' quoth she, 'abroad in the field, Among the corne, amidst the hay, Where you might had your will of mee, For, in good faith, sir, I neuer said nay.

9 'Ye had me also amid the field, Among the rushes that were so browne, Where you might had your will of me, But you had not the face to lay me downe.'

10 He pulled out his nut-browne sword, And wipt the rust off with his sleeue, And said, Ioue's curse come to his heart That any woman would beleeue!

11 When you haue your owne true-loue A mile or twaine out of the towne, Spare not for her gay clothing, But lay her body flat on the ground.

B

Pills to Purge Melancholy, V, 112, 1719.

1 There was a knight, and he was young, A riding along the way, sir, And there he met a lady fair, Among the cocks of hay, sir.

2 Quoth he, Shall you and I, lady, Among the grass lye down a? And I will have a special care Of rumpling of your gown a.

3 'If you will go along with me Unto my father's hall, sir, You shall enjoy my maidenhead, And my estate and all, sir.'

4 So he mounted her on a milk-white steed, Himself upon another, And then they rid upon the road, Like sister and like brother.

5 And when she came to her father's house, Which was moated round about, sir, She stepped streight within the gate, And shut this young knight out, sir.

6 'Here is a purse of gold,' she said, 'Take it for your pains, sir; And I will send my father's man To go home with you again, sir.

7 'And if you meet a lady fair, As you go thro the next town, sir, You must not fear the dew of the grass, Nor the rumpling of her gown, sir.

8 'And if you meet a lady gay, As you go by the hill, sir, If you will not when you may, You shall not when you will, sir.'

C

#a.# A Collection of Old Ballads, III, 178, 1725. #b.# Pepys Ballads, V, 169ff, Nos 162-164, end of the 17th century, the first fifty stanzas. #c.# Douce Ballads, III, fol. 52b, Durham: Printed and sold by I. Lane. #d.# Roxburghe Ballads, III, 674, 1750 (?).

1 There was a knight was drunk with wine A riding along the way, sir, And there he did meet with a lady fine, And among the cocks of hay, sir.

2 One favour he did crave of her, And askd her to lay her down, sir, But he had neither cloth nor sheet, To keep her from the ground, sir.

3 'There is a great dew upon the grass, And if you shoud lay me down, sir, You would spoil my gay clothing, That has cost me many a pound, sir.'

4 'I have a cloak of scarlet red, I'll lay it under you, love, So you will grant me my request That I shall ask of you, love.'

5 'And if you'll go to my father's hall, That is moated all round about, sir, There you shall have your will of me, Within, sir, and without, sir.

6 'Oh yonder stands my milk-white steed, And among the cocks of hay, sir; If the king's pinner should chance to come, He'll take my steed away, sir.'

7 'I have a ring upon my finger, It's made of the finest gold, love, And it shall serve to fetch your steed Out of the pinner's fold, love.'

8 'And if you'll go to my father's house, Round which there's many a tree, sir, There you shall have your chamber free, And your chamberlain I'll be, sir.'

9 He sate her on a milk-white steed, Himself upon another, And then they rid along the way, Like sister and like brother.

10 But when she came to her father's house, Which was moated all round about, sir, She slipd herself within the gate, And she lockd the knight without, sir.

11 'I thank you, kind knight, for seeing me here, And bringing me home a maiden, sir, But you shall have two of my father's men For to set you as far back again, sir.'

12 He drew his sword out of his scabbard, And whet it upon his sleeve, sir, Saying, Cursed be to evry man That will a maid believe, sir!

13 She drew her handkerchief out of her pocket, And threw it upon the ground, sir, Saying, Thrice cursed be to evry maid That will believe a man, sir!

14 We have a tree in our garden, Some call it of rosemary, sir; There's crowing-cocks in our town, That will make a capon of you, sir.

15 We have a flower in our garden, Some call it a marygold, sir, And he that would not when he might, He shall not when he would, sir.

16 But if you chance for to meet a maid, A little below the town, sir, You must not fear her gay cloathing, Nor the wrinkling of her gown, sir.

17 And if you chance for to meet a maid, A little below the hill, sir, You need not fear her screeking out, For she quickly will lye still, sir.

18 The baffld knight was by the lass Ingeniously outwitted, And since that time it came to pass He was again well fitted.

19 As he was riding cross a plain, In boots, spurs, hat and feather, He met that lady fair again; They talkd a while together.

20 He said, Tho you did serve me so, And cunningly decoy me, Yet now, before you further go, I must and will enjoy thee.

21 'T was near a spacious river's side, Where rushes green were growing, And Neptune's silver streams did glide, Four fathom waters flowing.

22 The lady blushd like scarlet red, And trembled at this stranger: 'How shall I guard my maidenhead From this approaching danger!'

23 With a lamenting sigh, said she, To dye I now am ready; Must this dishonour fall on me? A most unhappy lady!

24 He from his saddle did alight, In gaudy rich attire, And cried, I am a noble knight, Who do your charms admire.

25 He took the lady by the hand, Who seemingly consented, And woud no more disputing stand: She had a plot invented

26 How she might baffle him again, With much delight and pleasure, And eke unspotted still remain, With her pure virgin treasure.

27 'Look yonder, good sir knight, I pray: Methinks I do discover, Well mounted on a dapple-grey, My true, entire lover.'

28 The knight, he standing on the brink Of the deep floating river, Thought she, Thou now shalt swim or sink; Choose which you fancy rather.

29 Against his back the lady run; The waters strait he sounded; He cry'd out, Love, what have you done! Help! help! or I am drowned.

30 Said she, Sir knight, farewel, adieu; You see what comes of fooling; That is the fittest place for you, Whose courage wanted cooling.

31 'Love, help me out, and I'll forgive This fault which you've committed;' 'No, no,' says she, 'sir, as I live, I think you're finely fitted.'

32 She rid home to her father's house, For speedy expedition, While the gay knight was soakd like souce, In a sad wet condition.

33 When he came mounted to the plain He was in rich attire, Yet when he back returnd again He was all muck and mire.

34 A solemn vow he there did make, Just as he came from swiming, He'd love no lady, for her sake, Nor any other women.

35 The baffld knight was foold once more, You'll find by this pleasant ditty, For she whose charms he did adore Was wonderful sharp and witty.

36 Returning from her father's park, Just close by a summer bower, She chanc'd to meet her angry spark, Who gave her a frowning lower.

37 The thoughts of what she twice had done Did cause him to draw his rapier, And at the lady then he run, And thus he began to vapour:

38 'You chousd me at your father's gate, Then tumbld me into the river; I seek for satisfaction straight; Shall I be a fool forever?'

39 He came with resolution bent That evening to enjoy her, And if she did not give consent, That minute he would destroy her.

40 'I pray, sir knight, and why so hot Against a young silly woman? Such crimes as these might be forgot; For merry intrigues are common.'

41 'What! do you count it mirth,' he cry'd, 'To tumble me in and leave me? What if I drowned there had dy'd? A dangerous jest, believe me.

42 'Well, if I pardon you this day Those injuries out of measure, It is because without delay I mean to enjoy the pleasure.'

43 'Your suit,' she said, 'is not deny'd, But think of your boots of leather, And let me pull them off,' she cry'd, 'Before we lye down together.'

44 He set him down upon the grass, And violets so sweet and tender; Now by this means it came to pass That she did his purpose hinder.

45 For having pulld his boots half-way, She cry'd, I am now your betters; You shall not make of me your prey; Sit there, like a thief in fetters.

46 Now finding she had servd him so, He rose and began to grumble; Yet he could neither stand nor go, But did like a cripple tumble.

47 The boots stuck fast, and would not stir; His folly she soon did mention, And laughing said, I pray, kind sir, How like you my new invention?

48 My laughing fit you must excuse; You are but a stingless nettle; You'd neer a stood for boots or shooes, Had you been a man of mettle.

49 Farewel, sir knight, 'tis almost ten; I fear neither wind nor weather; I'll send my father's serving-men To pull off your boots of leather.

50 She laughd outright, as well she might, With merry conceits of scorning, And left him there to sit all night, Untill the approaching morning.

51 The fourth part of the baffld knight The lady hath fairly acted; She did his love and kindness slight, Which made him almost distracted.

52 She left him in her father's park, Where nothing but deer could hear him; While he lay rouling in the dark, There's never a soul came near him.

53 Until the morning break of day, And being warm summer weather, A shepherd chanc'd to come that way, Who pulld on his boots of leather.

54 Then mounting on his milk-white steed, He, shaking his ears, was ready, And whip and spur he rid with speed To find out this crafty lady.

55 'If once this lady I come nigh She shall be releasd by no man: Why shoud so brave a knight as I Be foold by a silly woman!

56 'Three times she has affronted me, In crimes which I cannot pardon; But if I an't revengd,' said he, 'Let me not be worth a farthing.

57 'I value not her beauty fair, Tho once I did dote upon her; This trusty sword shall now repair My baffled, blasted honour.'

58 Unto her father's house he came, Which every side was moated; The fair sweet youthful charming dame, His angry brows she noted.

59 Thought she, I'll have the other bout, And tumble him in the river; And let the Devil help him out, Or there he shall soak for ever.

60 He will not let me live at rest, Although I have often foild him; Therefore once more, I do protest, With flattering I'll beguile him.

61 The bridge was drawn, the gates lockd fast, So that he could no ways enter; She smil'd to him, and cry'd at last, Sir knight, if you please to venture,

62 A plank lies over the moat hard by, Full seventeen foot in measure; There's no body now at home but I; Therefore we'll take our pleasure.

63 This word she had no sooner spoke, But straight he was tripping over; The plank was sawd, and snapping broke; He provd an unhappy lover.

D

#a.# Herd's Ancient and Modern Scots, p. 328, 1769. #b.# Dixon, Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England, p. 123, Percy Society, vol. xvii; Bell, p. 80.

1 There was a shepherd's son Kept sheep upon a hill; He laid his pipe and crook aside, And there he slept his fill. Sing, Fal deral, etc.

2 He looked east, he looked west, Then gave an under-look, And there he spyed a lady fair, Swimming in a brook.

3 He raisd his head frae his green bed, And then approachd the maid; 'Put on your claiths, my dear,' he says, 'And be ye not afraid.

4 ''Tis fitter for a lady fair To sew her silken seam Than to get up in a May morning And strive against the stream.'

5 'If you'll not touch my mantle, And let my claiths alane, Then I'll give you as much money As you can carry hame.'

6 'O I'll not touch your mantle, And I'll let your claiths alane; But I'll tak you out of the clear water, My dear, to be my ain.'

7 And when she out of the water came, He took her in his arms: 'Put on your claiths, my dear,' he says, 'And hide those lovely charms.'

8 He mounted her on a milk-white steed, Himself upon anither, And all along the way they rode, Like sister and like brither.

9 When she came to her father's yate She tirled at the pin, And ready stood the porter there, To let this fair maid in.

10 And when the gate was opened, So nimbly's she whipt in; 'Pough! you're a fool without,' she says, 'And I'm a maid within.

11 'Then fare ye well, my modest boy, I thank you for your care; But had you done what you should do, I neer had left you there.'

12 'Oh I'll cast aff my hose and shoon, And let my feet gae bare, And gin I meet a bonny lass, Hang me if her I spare.'

13 'In that do as you please,' she says, 'But you shall never more Have the same opportunity;' With that she shut the door.

14 There is a gude auld proverb, I've often heard it told, He that would not when he might, He should not when he would.

E

Motherwell's MS., p. 410: from the singing of Agnes Lyle, Kilbarchan, September, 1825.

1 There was a knight, was drunk with wine, Came riding along the way, sir; He would have had a lady gay Amang the quiles of hay, sir.

2 'What if I should lay thee down, Amang the quiles of hay, maid? Sheets nor blankets have I none, To keep thy cloathing clean, maid.'

3 'The wind blaws east, the wind blaws west, The wind blaws owre yon thorn, sir; Weel may I wash my cloathing clear, And dry them on the morn, sir.'

4 'What if I should lay thee down, Amang the rigs of corn, maid? Then the king's life-guard will come, And steal our steeds away, maid.'

5 'I have ten gold rings on my hand, They're all gold but the stone, sir; I'll give them to the king's life-guard, If he'll let our steeds alone, sir.

6 'But see you not yon sunny bank, Over yon lily lea, sir, Where you and I may crack a while, And never one may see, sir?'

7 He was on a milk-white steed, And she was on another, And all the live-long winter night They rode like sister and brother.

8 When they came to that sunny bank, He began to lay her down, sir; 'O no, O no, kind sir,' she says, 'Ye'll ruffle all my gown, sir.

9 'My gown it cost my father dear, 'T was many a mark and pound, sir; And if that ye do lay me down, Ye'll ruffle all my gown, sir.

10 'But see ye na yon fair castel, Over yon lily lea, sir, Where you and I may crack a while, And never one may see, sir?'

11 He was on a milk-white steed, And she was on another, And all the live-long winter night They rode like sister and brother.

12 When they came to that fair castel, She was at her father's yet, sir; She jumped in at her father's door, And left this knight without, sir.

13 She says, I am a maid within, You're but a knave without, sir; There were neer a butcher's son Put me in so much doubt, sir.

14 'Oh if I had thee out,' he said, 'But two miles from the town, maid, I would lay thee down,' he said, 'And never mind thy gown, maid.'

15 'There is a flower in my father's garden, The name o't marigold, sir, And he that would not when he might, He shall not when he wold, sir.

16 'But when eer ye meet a pretty maid, And two miles from a town, sir, Ye may lay her down,' she says, 'And never mind her gown, sir.

17 'Ye're like unto my father's steed; He's standing in the lone, sir; He hings his head above the sheaf, But daur not venture on, sir.

18 'When eer ye meet a pretty maid, And two miles from the town, sir, Ye may lay her down,' she says, 'And never mind her gown, sir.

19 'There is a cock in my father's flock, He wears a double comb, sir, He claps his wings, but craweth not; I fear you be like him, sir.

20 'But when eer you meet a pretty maid, And two miles from a town, sir, You may lay her down,' she said, 'And never mind her gown, sir.'

* * * * *

#A. b.#

1^2. the hay.

2^4. should.

6^1. up _wanting_.

7^3. rode in.

#B.#

_In eight-line stanzas._

_After 8 follow these two stanzas, which belong to a different version of the ballad, and near the beginning, not at the end._

'There is a dew upon the grass Will spoil your damask gown a, Which has cost your father dear Many shilling and crown a.'

'There is a wind blows from the west Soon will dry the ground a, And I will have a special care Of the rumpling of my gown a.'

#C. a.#

4^2. under thee: _cf._ #b.#

22^2. trembling: cf. #b.#

28^4. thou fancy: _cf._ #b.#

#b.#

1^3. did he.

1^4. amongst.

2^1. One question.

4^2. under you.

6^4. sir _wanting_.

7^3. it will.

8^2. That's moated all round about, sir.

10^2. all _wanting_.

11^2. me a maiden-head, sir.

11^4. For _wanting_.

13^3. to _wanting_.

17^1. for _wanting_.

17^3. screeping.

18. An Answer, _etc., begins here_.

19^1. cross the.

19^3. met with.

22^2. trembled.

24^4. Who doth.

28^3. shall.

28^4. you fancy.

31^3. said.

31^4. you are well.

32^3. the old.

34^4. woman.

35. The Third Part _begins here_.

35^4. Is.

38^4. Or I'll be.

40^2. Again.

40^3. must be.

44^1. sat.

44^2. so _wanting_.

44^4. That _wanting_.

46^1. that she.

46^2. rise.

46^3. For he.

48^1. laughing, sir.

49^1. it's.

50. _End of_ Part III.

#c.#

1^1. got drunk.

1^2. he met.

1^4. And _wanting_: amongst.

2^1. One question.

2^3. nor shoes.

3^4. has _wanting_.

4^{3, 4}. _wanting_.

6^4. sir _wanting_.

8^2. That is moated all round about, sir.

9^1. set.

9^3. And so.

10^1. he came.

10^4. she _wanting_.

11^2. my maiden-head home, sir.

11^4. For _wanting_.

12^2. wet.

12^3. a curse be.

13. _wanting_.

14^2. it a.

14^4. We ll make.

16^1. for _wanting_.

16^3. not mind.

17^1. for _wanting_.

17^3. squeaking.

18. Part II.

19^1. a cross the.

19^3. met with.

20^2. did decoy.

20^4. enjoy you.

21^4. water.

22^2. trembling.

22^3. I guide.

23^2. I vow I.

24^4. Who does.

25^4. While she a.

27^1. sir, good knight.

28^1. than standing.

28^2. a deep flowing.

28^3. shall.

28^4. thou fancest.

29^3. out _wanting_.

30^1. farewel, sir knight.

31^2. the fault that.

31^3. said.

31^4. you are well.

32^3. Whilst the knight.

34^4. woman.

35. Part III.

35^1. baffld _wanting_.

36^2. close _wanting_.

37^3. than be.

38^4. Or I'll be.

39^4. he'd.

40^3. must be.

42^2. These.

43^2. on your.

43^4. down _wanting_.

44^1. sat.

44^2. so _wanting_.

44^4. That _wanting_.

46^1. that she.

46^3. For he.

48^1. laughing, sir.

48^3. never have: boots nor.

49^1. it's almost dark.

49^3. servant man.

51. Part IV.

51^2. has.

51^3. and service.

51^4. him quite.

53^2. summer's.

56^4. worth one.

58^1. he went.

58^2. on every.

59^2. into.

59^4. Or he shall lye.

60^1. not leave me at.

60^4. flattery.

61^2. no way.

61^3. on him and said.

62^4. So that you may use your.

63^4. sawn.

#d.#

1^4. cooks.

3^3. gay _wanting_.

4^4. of thee.

8^4. I will.

9^1. sat

10^4. she _wanting_.

11^4. as far _wanting_.

12^3. curses.

13^3. to _wanting_.

14^2. of _wanting_.

14^4. of thee.

15^2. calls: a _wanting_.

16^1. for wanting.

16^4. wrinking.

17^1. for wanting.

17^3. shrieking.

21^3. slide.

22^2. trembled.

25^3. discoursing.

28^1. knight was.

28^2. Or.

28^4. which you.

29^2. water.

30^4. wanting.

31^3. sir _wanting_.

32^1. father.

37^3. did run.

37^4. he _wanting_.

38^2. in the.

39^4. he'd.

40^2. young foolish.

42^2. These.

45^2. now I'm.

48^3. have stood: nor.

49^4. To help off thy.

50^3. stay all.

52^2. none but.

53^4. off his.

54^3. rode.

56^1. has she.

56^3. ar'n't.

58^2. on every.

58^3. charming youthful.

62^2. feet.

#D. b.#

_Burden:_

_And blow the winds, heigh ho! Sing blow the winds, heigh ho! Clear away the morning dew, And blow the winds, heigho!_

1^2. He kept sheep on yonder hill.

1^3. and his.

2^1. and he.

2^2. He took an other look.

2^3. lady gay.

2^4. Was dipping.

3, 4 _are wanting_.

5^1. She said, sir, don't touch my mantle.

5^2. Come, let.

5^3. I will give you.

6^1. I will not.

6^2. And _wanting_.

6^3. I'll... water clear.

7. He did not touch her mantle, He let her clothes alone, But he took her from the clear water, And all to be his own.

8^1. He set her.

8^3. And there they rode along the road.

_After_ 8:

And as he rode along the road They spied some cocks of hay; 'Yonder,' he says, 'is a lovely place For men and maids to play.'

9^1. And when they came.

9^2. She pulled at a ring.

9^3. ready was the proud porter.

9^4. For to let the lady.

10^1. gates were open.

10^2. This lady jumped in.

10^3. She says, You are a fool without.

11^1. Good morrow to you, modest.

11^8. If you had been what you should have been.

11^4. I would not have.

_For_ 12-14:

'There is a horse in my father's stable, He stands beyond the thorn; He shakes his head above the trough, But dares not prey the corn.

'There is a bird in my father's flock, A double comb he wears; He flaps his wings, and crows full loud, But a capon's crest he bears.

'There is a flower in my father's garden, They call it marygold; The fool that will not when he may, He shall not when he wold.'

Said the shepherd's son, as he doft his shoon, My feet they shall run bare, And if ever I meet another maid, I rede that maid beware.

APPENDIX.

Roxburghe Ballads, I, 306 f; Ballad Society's reprint, II, 281.

THE POLITICK MAID, or, A dainty new ditty, Both pleasant and witty, Wherein you may see The maide's policie.

1 There was a knight was wine-drunke, As he rode on the way, And there he spide a bonny lasse, Among the cocks of hay. Sing loud, whistle in the winde, Blow merry, merry, Up and down in yonder dale, With hey tro, nonney, nonney.

2 This gallant knight unto the lasse Did present take his way, But it seemd he had a shame-face, He did not court and play.

3 When he came to this bonny lasse, He found she was not coy; His courtesie she did imbrace, And did not say him nay.

4 If we should sit us downe here, Upon the grasse so greene, Here's neither sheet nor covering, To keep our cloathing cleane.

5 'And if we should sit downe,' quoth he, 'Among the cockes of hay, Then would come forth the king's pinder, And take our steedes away.'

6 'I have rings on my fingers, Made of the purest gold, That will release our steedes againe Out of the king's pinfold.

7 'Sir knight, if you will goe with me Into my father's bowers, There you may sit and talke with me This three or foure houres.'

8 When she came to her father's bowers, They were moted round about; Then she slipt in at a wicket, And left sir knight without.

9 'Now I am here, a maide, within, And you, sir knight, without; You may lay straw under your feete, To keepe you from the gout.

10 'Henceforth when you doe meet a maide, A mile out of the towne, Sir knight, you must not be affraid Of soyling of her gowne.

11 'And if you chance to meet a maid Amongst the cockes of hay, Sir knight, you must not be affraid With her to court, and say Sing loud, etc.

12 'It is a proverb, many say, And truth it is in tryall, He that will not when as he may Shall after have denyall.

13 'And thus, sir knight, now fare you well, To you I bid adieu; And you hereafterwards may tell How I have servëd you.'

R. C.

Printed at London for Thomas Lambert, at the signe of the Hors-shoo in Smithfield.

Percy's Reliques, III, 238, 1765.

1 There was a knight was drunk with wine A riding along the way, sir, And there he met with a lady fine, Among the cocks of hay, sir.

2 'Shall you and I, O lady faire, Among the grass lye downe-a? And I will have a special care Of rumpling of your gowne-a.'

3 'Upon the grass there is a dewe, Will spoil my damaske gowne, sir; My gown and kirtle they are newe, And cost me many a crowne, sir.'

4 'I have a cloak of scarlet red, Upon the ground I'll throwe it; Then, lady faire, come lay thy head; We'll play, and none shall knowe it.'

5 'O yonder stands my steed so free, Among the cocks of hay, sir, And if the pinner should chance to see, He'll take my steed away, sir.'

6 'Upon my finger I have a ring, It's made of finest gold-a, And, lady, it thy steed shall bring Out of the pinner's fold-a.'

7 'O go with me to my father's hall; Fair chambers there are three, sir; And you shall have the best of all, And I'll your chamberlain bee, sir.'

8 He mounted himself on his steed so tall, And her on her dapple-grey, sir, And then they rode to her father's hall, Fast pricking along the way, sir.

9 To her father's hall they arrived strait; 'T was moated round about-a; She slipped herself within the gate, And lockt the knight without-a.

10 'Here is a silver penny to spend, And take it for your pain, sir; And two of my father's men I'll send, To wait on you back again, sir.'

11 He from his scabbard drew his brand, And whet it upon his sleeve-a, And 'Cursed,' he said, 'be every man That will a maid believe-a!'

12 She drew a bodkin from her haire, And whipd it upon her gown-a: 'And curst be every maiden faire That will with men lye down-a!

13 'A tree there is, that lowly grows, And some do call it rue, sir; The smallest dunghill cock that crows Would make a capon of you, sir.

14 'A flower there is, that shineth bright, Some call it marygold-a; He that wold not when he might, He shall not when he wold-a.'

15 The knight was riding another day, With cloak and hat and feather; He met again with that lady gay, Who was angling in the river.

16 'Now, lady faire, I've met with you, You shall no more escape me; Remember how not long agoe You falsely did intrap me.'

17 The lady blushed scarlet red, And trembled at the stranger: 'How shall I guard my maidenhead From this approaching danger!'

18 He from his saddle down did light, In all his riche attyer, And cryed, As I am a noble knight, I do thy charms admyer.

19 He took the lady by the hand, Who seemingly consented, And would no more disputing stand; She had a plot invented.

20 'Looke yonder, good sir knight, I praye, Methinks I now discover, A riding upon his dapple-grey, My former constant lover.'

21 On tip-toe peering stood the knight, Fast by the river brink-a; The lady pusht with all her might: 'Sir knight, now swim or sink-a!'

22 Oer head and ears he plunged in; The bottom faire he sounded; Then rising up he cried amain, Help, helpe, or else I'm drowned!

23 'Now fare you well, sir knight, adieu! You see what comes of fooling; That is the fittest place for you; Your courage wanted cooling.'

24 Ere many days, in her father's park, Just at the close of eve-a, Again she met with her angry sparke, Which made this lady grieve-a.

25 'False lady, here thou'rt in my powre, And no one now can hear thee; And thou shalt sorely rue the hour That eer thou dar'dst to jeer me.'

26 'I pray, sir knight, be not so warm With a young silly maid-a; I vow and swear I thought no harm; 'Twas a gentle jest I playd-a.'

27 'A gentle jest in soothe,' he cry'd, 'To tumble me in and leave me! What if I had in the river dy'd? That fetch will not deceive me.

28 'Once more I'll pardon thee this day, Tho injurd out of measure; But then prepare without delay To yield thee to my pleasure.'

29 'Well then, if I must grant your suit, Yet think of your boots and spurs, sir; Let me pull off both spur and boot, Or else you cannot stir, sir.'

30 He set him down upon the grass, And begd her kind assistance; 'Now,' smiling thought this lovely lass, 'I'll make you keep your distance.'

31 Then pulling off his boots half-way, 'Sir knight, now I'm your betters; You shall not make of me your prey; Sit there like a knave in fetters.'

32 The knight when she had served soe, He fretted, fum'd and grumbled; For he could neither stand nor goe, But like a cripple tumbled.

33 'Farewell, sir knight, the clock strikes ten, Yet do not move nor stir, sir; I'll send you my father's serving-men, To pull off your boots and spurs, sir.

34 'This merry jest you must excuse; You are but a stingless nettle; You 'd never have stood for boots or shoes Had you been a man of mettle.'

35 All night in grievous rage he lay, Rolling upon the plain-a; Next morning a shepherd past that way, Who set him right again-a.

36 Then mounting upon his steed so tall, By hill and dale he swore-a, 'I'll ride at once to her father's hall; She shall escape no more-a.

37 'I'll take her father by the beard, I'll challenge all her kindred; Each dastard soul shall stand affeard; My wrath shall no more be hindred.'

38 He rode unto her father's house, Which every side was moated; The lady heard his furious vows, And all his vengeance noted.

39 Thought shee, sir knight, to quench your rage Once more I will endeavor; This water shall your fury swage, Or else it shall burn forever.

40 Then, faining penitence and feare, She did invite a parley: 'Sir knight, if you'll forgive me heare, Henceforth I'll love you dearly.

41 'My father he is now from home, And I am all alone, sir; Therefore across the water come, And I am all your own, sir.'

42 'False maid, thou canst no more deceive; I scorn the treacherous bait-a; If thou wouldst have me thee believe, Now open me the gate-a.'

43 'The bridge is drawn, the gate is barrd, My father has the keys, sir; But I have for my love prepar'd A shorter way and easier.

44 'Over the moate I've laid a plank, Full seventeen feet in measure; Then step across to the other bank, And there we'll take our pleasure.'

45 These words she had no sooner spoke, But strait he came tripping over; The plank was sawd, it snapping broke, And sousd the unhappy lover.

[180] Pepys, V, 169, No 162. An Excellent New Song, calld The Lady's Policy, or, The Baffled Knight. London, printed and sold by T. Moore, 1693. T. Moore printed 1689-93: Chappell.

Pepys, V, 170, No 163. An Answer to The Baffld Knight, or, The beautiful Lady's Second piece of policy, by which she preserved her Virginity and left the brisk Knight in Pickle. Printed for C. Bate, next the Crown Tavern in West Smithfield. C. Bates printed 1690-1702: Chappell.

Pepys, V, 171, No 164. The Third Part of the Baffld Knight, or, The Witty Lady's new Intreague, by which she left him fetterd in his Boots. Where he lay all Night in her Father's Park, Cursing his woful Misfortune. Printed for I. Deacon, at the Angel in Guilt Spur Street, without Newgate. Jonah Deacon printed 1684-95: Chappell.

I do not know that the Fourth Part was ever separately printed.

The Pepys copy is not at my disposal except for collation.

[181] "Bishop Percy found the subject worthy of his best improvements," says Ritson, for once with French neatness: Ancient Songs, p. 159.

[182] See, further on, the second Danish and the German ballad.

[183] #A#, #E#, #F# in Hardung's Romanceiro, I, 49-55, #B#, #C#, #D#, the same, pp. 59-67.

[184] As in 'Don Bueso,' Duran, I, lxv, A. de los Rios, in Jahrbuch für romanische u. englische Literatur, III, 282, two copies.

[185] "Curse women, and still more him that trusts them," says the knight at the end of Portuguese #A#, and so in English #A#.

[186] It has been contended that _malato_ signifies a peasant of low condition: see Braga, C. p. do Arch. açor., p. 399; but, on the other hand, Amador de los Rios, as above, VII, 433. Sense requires, if not the specific meaning _leprous_, at least something contagious, and sufficiently serious to make the knight tremble in his saddle, as he does in Portuguese #A#. Hardung aptly cites from Spanish #B#: "Fija soy de un malato _que tiene la malatia_." Compare the French ballads.

113

THE GREAT SILKIE OF SULE SKERRY

Proceedings of The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, I, 86, 1852. Communicated by the late Captain F. W. L. Thomas, R. N.; written down by him from the dictation of a venerable lady of Snarra Voe, Shetland.

This Shetland ballad[187] was reprinted in Colburn's New Monthly Magazine, April, 1864, with spelling Scotticized, and two or three other uncalled-for changes.

"Finns," as they are for the most part called, denizens of a region below the depths of the ocean, are able to ascend to the land above by donning a seal-skin, which then they are wont to lay off, and, having divested themselves of it, they "act just like men and women." If this integument be taken away from them, they cannot pass through the sea again and return to their proper abode, and they become subject to the power of man, like the swan-maidens and mer-wives of Scandinavian and German tradition: Grimm's Mythologie, I, 354f. Female Finns, under these circumstances, have been fain to accept of human partners. The Great Selchie, or Big Seal, of Shul Skerry, had had commerce with a woman during an excursion to the upper world. See Hibbert's Description of the Shetland Islands, pp. 566-571, and Karl Blind in the Contemporary Review, XL, 404, 1881. A correspondent of Blind gives stanza 3 with a slight variation, thus:

I am a man, upo da land, I am a selkie i da sea; An whin I'm far fa every strand My dwelling is in Shöol Skerry.

* * * * *

1 An eartly nourris sits and sings, And aye she sings, Ba, lily wean! Little ken I my bairnis father, Far less the land that he staps in.

2 Then ane arose at her bed-fit, An a grumly guest I'm sure was he: 'Here am I, thy bairnis father, Although that I be not comelie.

3 'I am a man, upo the lan, An I am a silkie in the sea; And when I'm far and far frae lan, My dwelling is in Sule Skerrie.'

4 'It was na weel,' quo the maiden fair, 'It was na weel, indeed,' quo she, 'That the Great Silkie of Sule Skerrie Suld hae come and aught a bairn to me.'

5 Now he has taen a purse of goud, And he has pat it upo her knee, Sayin, Gie to me my little young son, An tak thee up thy nourris-fee.

6 An it sall come to pass on a simmer's day, When the sin shines het on evera stane, That I will tak my little young son, An teach him for to swim the faem.

7 An thu sail marry a proud gunner, An a proud gunner I'm sure he'll be, An the very first schot that ere he schoots, He'll schoot baith my young son and me.

* * * * *

6^2. Quhen.

[187] The ballad was pointed out to me by Mr Macmath, and would have followed No 40 had I known of it earlier.

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

VOL. I.

1. Riddles Wisely Expounded.

I, 2 b. Russian riddle-songs: Trudy, III, 314, No 44; V, 1073, No 208, 1190, No 6.

The Russian riddle-ballad of the merchant's son. Add: Shein, Russkiya Narodnuiya Pyesni, Plyasovuiya, Dance Songs, Nos 88, 87, 89, p. 233 f.

2. The Elfin Knight.

P. 8 a, second paragraph. Russian ballad of Impossibilities propounded reciprocally by youth and maid (including a shirt): Shein, Russkiya N. P., Plyasovuiya, Nos 85, 86, p. 231 f.

13. Another Clever Wench, in Hurwitz's Hebrew Tales, New York, 1847, p. 154, Nos 61, 62; or Sagen der Hebräer aus dem Englischen, u. s. w., Leipzig, 1828, p. 129, Nos 56, 57.

14 a, line 16. The Rusalka ballad, also in Trudy, III, 190, No 7.

14 a, the first paragraph. In the third or "Forest" book of the Mahā-bhārata, chapters 311-313, is a story that bears marks of being an ancient part of the compilation. Yudhishthira and his four younger brothers are distressed with thirst. The eldest sends these one after another in quest of water. Each reaches a lake and hears a voice of a sprite in the air, "I have the first claim on this lake. Do not drink till you have answered my questions," drinks notwithstanding, and falls as if dead. At last Yudhishthira goes himself, answers the questions, and is offered boons by the sprite. He is very modest, and asks the life of one of his two half-brothers only, not that of either of his full brothers. Whereupon the sprite rewards his virtue by bringing all four to life.

The riddles and questions are spun out at great length, and many are palpable interpolations. A few examples may be given. What is weightier (more reverend) than the earth? One's mother. What is loftier than the heavens? One's father. What is fleeter than the wind? The mind. What are more numerous than the blades of grass? Thoughts. What does not close its eyes while asleep? A fish. What is that which does not move after birth? An egg. What is that which is without heart? A stone. And so on. A paraphrase of parts of these chapters is given by Ed. Arnold, Indian Idylls, Boston, 1883, pp. 212-235.

Similarly, in the Kathā-sarit-sāgara, chapter v, a man escapes death by resolving an ogre's riddle. See Tawney's translation, I, 26, and especially the note, where Benfey is cited as comparing Mahā-bhārata, XIII, 5883 ff.

14 b. Legend of St Andrew: Horstmann, Altenglische Legenden, Neue Folge, 1881, p. 8.

18. A variety of #F#, #G#, Bruce and Stokoe, Northumbrian Minstrelsy, p. 79. 'Whittingham Fair,' popular in the north and west of the county of Northumberland; usually sung as a nursery-ballad.

1 'Are you going to Whittingham fair? Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme Remember me to one who lives there; For once she was a true-love of mine.

2 'Tell her to make me a cambric shirt, Without any seam or needlework.

3 'Tell her to wash it in yonder well, Where never spring-water nor rain ever fell.

4 'Tell her to dry it on yonder thorn, Which never bore blossom since Adam was born.'

5 'Now he has asked me questions three, Parsley, sage, rosemary, and thyme I hope he will answer as many for me; For once he was a true-love of mine.

6 'Tell him to find me an acre of land Betwixt the salt water and the sea-sand.

7 'Tell him to plough it with a ram's horn, And sow it all over with one pepper-corn.

8 'Tell him to reap it with a sickle of leather, And bind it up with a peacock's feather.

9 'When he has done, and finished his work, O tell him to come, and he 'll have his shirt.'

Another variety of #F#, #G#, communicated by Mr Frank Kidson, Leeds, 1884; from tradition.

1 'Oh where are you going?' 'To Scarbro fair.' Savoury, sage, rosemary and thyme 'Remember me to a lass who lives there; For once she was a true lover of mine.

2 'And tell her to make me a cambric shirt, Without a needle or thread or ought else; And then she shall be a true lover of mine.

3 'And tell her to wash it in yonder well, Where water neer sprung nor a drop of rain fell; And then, etc.

4 'And tell her to hang it on yonder stone, Where moss never grew since Adam was born.

5 'And when she has finished and done, her I'll repay, She can come unto me and married we'll be.'

6 'Oh where are you going?' 'To Scarbro fair.' 'Remember me to a lad who lives there; For once he was a true lover of mine.

7 'And tell him to buy me an acre of land Between the wide ocean and the sea-sand; And then he, etc.

8 'And tell him to plough it with a ram's horn, And sow it all over with one pepper-corn.

9 'And tell him to reap't with a sickle of leather, And bind it up with a peacock's feather.

10 'And when he has finished, and done his work, He can come unto me for his cambric shirt.'

Variations in a fragment of the same, remembered by another person: F. Kidson.

1^1 Oh are you going to...

7 Tell her ... Sow it all over with sand.

9 Reap it with ... And tie it ... And then she shall be ...

3(after 9):

And tell her to wash it in yonder dry well, Where no water sprung nor a drop of rain fell, And tell her to wash it in yonder dry well, Or never be a true lover of mine.

3. The Fause Knight upon the Road.

P. 21, note, and p. 485. "Die Windsbraut soil man brav schelten, sich selber aber bekreuzigen, dann weicht sie. Sie ist des Teufels Braut. Wo eine Windsbraut auffährt, ist eine Hexe aufgesprungen." Birlinger u. Buck, Volksthümliches aus Schwaben, I, 192, No 304. G. L. K.

21. Finnur is a trold in a corresponding Icelandic story, Árnason, Íslenzkar Þjóðsögur, I, 58. G. L. K.

See, for Finn and Finns, Karl Blind in The Contemporary Review, XL, 402ff., 1881; also, 'The Great Silkie of Sule Skerry,' No 113, II, 494.

4. Lady Isabel and the Elf-Knight.

P. 24. May Colvin in Ireland. According to a Connemara story given briefly in Once a Week, II, 53 f, July 2, 1864, one Captain Webb was wont to ill-use young women, and then strip them and throw them into the Murthering Hole, not far from Maarn. At last a girl induced him to turn his back, and then thrust him into the Hole. P. Z. Round.

24 b. The Flemish ballad is given by Fétis, Histoire Générale de la Musique, V, 59, "d'après un texte ancien qui a deux strophes de plus que celui de Willems." G. L. K.

28 b. 'Ásu kvaeði' in Íslenzk fornkvæði, II, 226, No 60, #A-M#: this copy #D# (#E-M#). Published in 1885.

41, and p. 487 f. Russian form, corrupted.

On the oaken bridge stood Galya, there Galya stood and drew water, she drew water and spoke with Marko. "O Marko mine, what dost thou say to me? Come wander with me, youth; let us wander on foot through the dark night." One field traversed, a second they crossed, and in the third lay down on the grass to sleep. The rain began to sprinkle, the fierce rain to fall, and Marko began to slumber. "O Marko mine, sleep not while with me; bare your sword and fight with me." Young Galya vanquished Marko; she conquered Marko, and rode, she mounted and rode over the level field. Galya arrives at the new gate; there stands Marko's mother, more beautiful than gold. "Young Galya, what can I say? Have you seen Marko near my house?" "Oh, hush, mother; weep not, mourn not. Thy Marko has married in the field; he has taken to himself a fine young lady, a grave in the meadow." Trudy, V, 425, No 816.

A man beguiles a girl with tales of a land where the rivers are of honey, where pears grow on willows, and maidens are clothed in gold. Trudy, V, 335, No 660.

In one version of this ballad a cuckoo flies up and bids the maid not listen to the Cossack's tales: "I have flown all over the world, and I have never seen golden mountains, nor eaten pears from willow-trees, nor beheld maidens clad in gold."

41 a, and 487 a. A maid going to the ford for water meets Marko, and suggests that he should propose for her; if her mother will not consent, they will roam. They cross one field and two, and lie down on the grass in a third. He is falling asleep, when she wakes him with a cry that they are pursued. Marko is overtaken and his head cut off. Trudy, V, 226, No 454. No 548, p. 278, is nearly the same. No 690, p. 352, resembles in part No 454, and partly Golovatsky, I, 116.

42 a and 488 a, #A#. A lover takes his love by her white hands, leads her to the Danube, seizes her by the white sides, and flings her in. She asks whether she is ugly, or whether it is her ill fate. Trudy, V, 166, No 339.

In Poésies pop. de la France, MS., VI, 278, Poésies pop. de la Corrèze, a ballad called 'Chanson du brave Altizar' is mentioned as a variant of 'Dion et la Fille du Roi,' and, fol. 321 of the same volume, a version from Mortain, Basse Normandie, is said to have been communicated, which, however, I have not found. These may both belong with the French ballads at II, 356.

43 a. #E#. Another copy in Guillon, Chansons pop. de l'Ain, p. 85.

Add #I#: 'Monsieur de Savigna,' Decombe, Chansons pop. d'Ille-et-Vilaine, p. 264, No 92. The ballad begins like #A#, #B#, but the conclusion is inverted. The fair one is thrown into a pond; M. Savigna cuts away with his sword the plant she seizes when she comes up from the bottom the fourth time; she asks, If you ever go back, where will you say you left me? and he answers, In the big wood full of robbers.

59. #F.# In the catalogue of the British Museum, "London? 1710?"

60.

G

British Museum, MS. Addit. 20094. 'The Knight and the Chief's Daughter,' communicated to Mr T. Crofton Croker in 1829, as remembered by Mr W. Pigott Rogers, and believed by Mr Rogers to have been learned by him from an Irish nursery-maid.

1 'Now steal me some of your father's gold, And some of your mother's fee, And steal the best steed in your father's stable, Where there lie thirty three.'

2 She stole him some of her father's gold, And some of her mother's fee, And she stole the best steed from her father's stable, Where there lay thirty three.

3 And she rode on the milk-white steed, And he on the barb so grey, Until they came to the green, green wood, Three hours before it was day.

4 'Alight, alight, my pretty colleen, Alight immediately, For six knight's daughters I drowned here, And thou the seventh shall be.'

5 'Oh hold your tongue, you false knight villain, Oh hold your tongue,' said she; ''T was you that promised to marry me, For some of my father's fee.'

6 'Strip off, strip off your jewels so rare, And give them all to me; I think them too rich and too costly by far To rot in the sand with thee.'

7 'Oh turn away, thou false knight villain, Oh turn away from me; Oh turn away, with your back to the cliff, And your face to the willow-tree.'

8 He turned about, with his back to the cliff, And his face to the willow-tree; So sudden she took him up in her arms, And threw him into the sea.

9 'Lie there, lie there, thou false knight villain, Lie there instead of me; 'T was you that promised to marry me, For some of my father's fee.'

10 'Oh take me by the arm, my dear, And hold me by the hand, And you shall be my gay lady, And the queen of all Scotland.'

11 'I'll not take you by the arm, my dear, Nor hold you by the hand; And I won't be your gay lady, And the queen of all Scotland.'

12 And she rode on the milk-white steed, And led the barb so grey, Until she came back to her father's castle, One hour before it was day.

13 And out then spoke her parrot so green, From the cage wherein she lay: Where have you now been, my pretty colleen, This long, long summer's day?

14 'Oh hold your tongue, my favourite bird, And tell no tales on me; Your cage I will make of the beaten gold, And hang in the willow-tree.'

15 Out then spoke her father dear, From the chamber where he lay: Oh what hath befallen my favourite bird, That she calls so loud for day?

16 'T is nothing at all, good lord,' she said, ''T is nothing at all indeed; It was only the cat came to my cage-door, And I called my pretty colleen.'

5. Gil Brenton.

P. 67 a, line 14. Add the Icelandic versions of 'Torkild Trundesøn' recently printed: Íslenzk fornkvæði, II, 281, No 62, #A# 42 f, #B# 42, #C# 29.

6. Willie's Lady.

P. 85 b, the third paragraph. "Bei der Entbindung... muss man alle Schlösser im Hause an Thüren und Kisten aufmachen: so gebiert die Frau leichter." Wuttke, Der deutsche Volksaberglaube, p. 355, No 574, ed. 1869. G. L. K.

7. Earl Brand.

P. 96 b, line 1. In England the north side of the burial-ground is appropriated to unbaptized children, suicides, etc. Brand's Antiquities, ed. Hazlitt, II, 214-218.

97 b. Add: #Portuguese.# Roméro, Cantos pop. do Brazil, No 4, 'D. Duarte e Donzilha,' I, 9: sicupira and collar.

#Romaic.# Chasiotis, p. 169, No 5, lemon and cypress; Aravandinos, p. 284 f, Nos 471, 472, cypress and reed.

97 b, and 489 b. #Russian.# Bezsonof, Kalyeki Perekhozhie, I, 697-700, Nos 167, 168 (Ruibnikof): Vasily is laid on the right, Sophia on the left; golden willow and cypress. The hostile mother pulls up, breaks down, the willow; cuts down, pulls up, the cypress.

Trudy, V, 711, No 309, #A#, man buried under church, wife under belfry; green maple and white birch. #B-J#, other copies with variations. V, 1208, No 50, a Cossack blossoms into a thorn, a maid into an elder; his mother goes to pull up the thorn, hers to pluck up the elder. "Lo, this is no thorn! it is my son!" "Lo, this is no elder! it is my daughter!"

489 b, eighth line from below, read, for laburnum, silver willow, and golden willow in the next line but one; and also for No 285.

98 a. #Magyar.# In Ungarische Revue, 1883, pp. 756-59, these three and one more.

#Chinese.# Hanpang has a young and pretty wife named Ho, whom he tenderly loves. The king, becoming enamored of her, puts her husband in prison, where he kills himself. Ho throws herself from a high place, leaving a letter to the king, in which she begs that she may be buried in the same tomb as her husband; but the king orders them to be put in separate graves. In the night cedars spring up from their tombs, which thrive so extraordinarily that in ten days their branches and their roots are interlocked. A. de Gubernatis, La Mythologie des Plantes, II, 53, from Schlegel, Uranographie chinoise, p. 679. (Already cited by Braga.)

9. The Fair Flower of Northumberland.

P. 116 a, #C# 5^1. Bed-head should certainly be bed-stock: cf. #B# 3^1.

10. The Twa Sisters.

P. 119 b. Färöe versions. Seven are now known, and one is printed, from the manuscript collection of Färöe ballads made by Svend Grundtvig and Jørgen Bloch, in Hammershaimb, Færøsk Anthologi, No 7, p. 23, 'Harpu rima.'

124 b. Waldau, Böhmische Granaten, II, 97. R. Köhler. (I have never been able to get the second volume.)

125 a.

'Siffle, berger, de mon haleine! Mon frère m'a tué sous les bois d'Altumène, Pour la rose de ma mère, que j'avais trouvée,' etc.

Poésies pop. de la France, MS., VI, 193 _bis_; popular in Champagne: Mélusine, I, col. 424.

125 b, second paragraph. (7), also in Rochholz, Schweizersagen aus dem Aargau, II, 126, No 353. Add to stories of this group, 'La Flute,' Bladé, Contes pop. de la Gascogne, II, 100-102. G. L. K.

The last paragraph. De Gubernatis, Zoölogical Mythology, I, 195, cites other similar stories: Afanasief, Skazki, V, 71, No 17, and two varieties, VI, 133, No 25; the twentieth story of Santo Stefano di Calcinaia, II, 325. G. L. K.

11. The Cruel Brother.

P. 143 b, line 27. Add #D# 3, and the Swedish ballad at p. 203, stanzas 14-17.

12. Lord Randal.

P. 151 a. Lt.-Col. W. F. Prideaux, of Calcutta, has kindly informed me that #E# was printed in The Universal Magazine, 1804. It is there said to have been sung, to a very simple and very ancient Scotch tune, by a peasant-girl at the village of Randcallas, Perthshire. See, also, Notes and Queries, Sixth Series, XII, 134.

152 b. Italian #A# is translated in the Countess Evelyn Martinengo-Cesaresco's Essays in the Study of Folk-Songs, p. 219.

156 b, at the end of the second paragraph. The Čelakovský and the Sakharof ballad are the same. Add: Trudy, V, 432, No 822; p. 915, No 481.

13. Edward.

P. 168 b. #B# is translated also in Seckendorf's Musenalmanach für das Jahr 1808, p. 7, and by Du Méril, Histoire de la Poésie scandinave, p. 467.

14. Babylon, or, The Bonnie Banks o Fordie.

P. 172 b. #Färöe.# Four versions are known; Lyngbye's is repeated in Hammershaimb's Færøsk Anthologi, No 13, p. 45, 'Torkils døtur.'

173. 'La Fille d'un Cabaretier,' Guillon, Chansons pop. de l'Ain, p. 165, has some of the circumstances of No 14. A girl is stopped by three "libertins" in a wood. She gives them her ring and her chain, to ransom her person. They say they will have that too, and kill her when she resists. They then go for breakfast to her father's tavern, and while they are paying their scot the ring falls and is recognized by her mother. The youngest confesses, and they are taken to the forest and burned.

In a Russian ballad the only sister of nine [seven] brothers is given in marriage to a rich merchant, who lives at a distance from her home. After three years the married pair undertake a journey to her native place. On their way they are attacked by nine robbers, who kill her husband, throw her child into the sea, and act their pleasure with her. One of the nine, entering into talk with the woman, discovers that she is his sister. Sakharof, translated in Ralston's Songs of the Russian People, p. 49 f; Ruibnikof, Part III, p. 340, No 62, Part IV, p. 99, No 19; Hilferding, col. 149, No 28, col. 844, No 167, col. 1154, No 248, col. 1265, No 294; Trudy, V, 910, No 479, #A-H#.

15. Leesome Brand.

P. 181 b, line 12. Montanus is Vincenz von Zuccalmaglio; the ballad-editor is Wilhelm.

#French.# Add #C#, Decombe, No 96, p. 275, 'Le fils du roi d'Espagne.'

182 a, second paragraph, line 6 ff. Say: No 102, 'Willie and Earl Richard's Daughter;' No 103, 'Rose the Red and White Lily;' No 64, 'Fair Janet',' #C# 7, #D# 1; No 63, 'Child Waters,' #J# 39; No 24, 'Bonnie Annie,' #A# 10, #B# 6, 7.

A man's help refused in travail. Add: Sir Beues of Hamtoun, p. 132, v. 3449 ff (Maitland Club).

Beues is seruise gan hire bede, To helpe hire at the nede. 'For Godes loue,' she seide, 'nai! Leue sire, thow go the wai; For forbede, for is pite, That no wimmanis priuite To no man thourgh me be kouthe,'

16. Sheath and Knife.

P. 185. As an arrow-shot is to fix the place for a grave here and in 'Robin Hood's Death,' so, in many popular tales, arrows are shot to determine where a wife is to be sought: see a Hindoo tale, Asiatic Journal, 1833, XI, 207, Benfey, Pantschatantra, I, 261; Hahn, Griechische Märchen, No 67, II, 31, 285; Afanasief, I, 346, No 23, cited by Ralston, The Nineteenth Century, IV, 1004, 1878; Jagić, in Archiv für slavische Philologie, II, 619, and R. Köhler's notes at p. 620.

17. Hind Horn.

P. 194. The warning by a dream, the preternaturally rapid transportation, and the arrival in time to prevent a second marriage taking effect are found in the story of Aboulfaouaris, Cabinet des Fées, XV, 336 ff, Les Mille et un Jours, Paris, 1840, 228 ff. Rohde, Der griechische Roman, p. 182: F. Liebrecht.

196. Recognition by a ring dropped into a drinking-vessel. See Nigra, Romania, XIV, 255 f, note 2: but Willems and Coussemaker are cited in this book, I, 195 a (3).

197 b, second paragraph. Wernhart von Strätlingen: see the note to I, 350, of Birlinger and Buck, Volksthümliches aus Schwaben.

198 a. The story of the return, by marvellous means, of the seven years abroad husband, in Leskien u. Brugman, Litauische Volkslieder u. Märchen, No 22, p. 437 f: Wollner's notes, p. 571. G. L. K.

198 b, third paragraph. Add: Victor Smith, 'Le Retour du Mari,' Chants pop. du Velay et du Forez, in Romania, IX, 289; Tarbé, Romancero de Champagne, II, 122: "E. Muller, Chansons de mon village, journal Le Mémorial de la Loire du 19 septembre, 1867; Daymard, Collection de vieilles chansons, p. 220 du Bulletin de la Société des éludes du Lot, 1879" (V. Smith). Imperfect copies of this ballad in Guillon, Chansons pop. de l'Ain, p. 95, 'Les deux Maris,' p. 39, 'Ma pauvre Elise.'

As a tale in Bladé, Contes pop. de la Gascogne, I, 43. The seigneur is conveyed from the Holy Land by the devil, appears as a beggar, and produces one half of his marriage contract, which fits the half left with his wife. G. L. K.

200 a, second paragraph. Say, in the fourth line, three, six, or twelve. Dobrynya and Nastasya in Hilferding, Nos 23, 26, 33, 38, 43, columns 131, 144, 160, 176, 211, and twenty other places; Ruibnikof, I, 169, No 27, III, 90, No 18; Miss Hapgood's Epic Songs of Russia, Dobrynya and Alyosha, p. 253.

18. Sir Lionel.

P. 209 a. A king's daughter is to be given to the man that rids the country of a boar: Diarmaid and the Magic Boar, Campbell, Tales of the West Highlands, III, 81.

19. King Orfeo.

P. 216 a, first paragraph. The Bodleian copy, #B#, also refers to the lay of Orpheus at the end. G. L. K. So the Lai de l'Espine, Roquefort, Poésies de Marie de France, I, 556, v. 185, and Floire et Blanceflor, ed. Du Méril, p. 231, v. 71: Zielke, Sir Orfeo, p. 131.

For correspondences between Sir Orfeo and the Irish epic tale of the Wooing of Etain, see Kittredge, in The American Journal of Philology, VII, 191 ff.

20. The Cruel Mother.

P. 219 b. Add to the German versions: #M#, #O#. Knoop, Volkssagen, Erzählungen, u. s. w., aus dem östlichen Hinterpommern, Posen, 1885, pp. x, xi: 'Es trieb ein Schäfer mit Lämmlein raus.' Fr. Schönwerth, Aus der Oberpfalz, I, 234, gives a prose tale which is evidently founded on the ballad of 'The Cruel Mother' (three children, one in the water, one in dung, one in the wood). R. Köhler.

225.

N

Percy Papers, with no account of the derivation.

1 There was a duke's daughter lived at York, All alone and alone a And she fell in love with her father's clarke. Down by the greenwood side a, side a, Down, etc.

2 She loved him seven long years and a day, Till at last she came big-bellied away.

3 She set her back against a thorn, And there she had two pretty babes born.

4 She took out a penknife long and short, And she pierc'd these pretty babes to the tender heart.

5 So as she was walking in her father's hall, She saw three pretty babes playing at ball.

6 The one was clothed in purple, the other in pall, And the other was cloathed in no cloths at all.

7 'O pretty babes, pretty babes, will you be mine? You shall be clothed in scarlet so fine, And ye shall drink ale, beer and wine.'

8 'We are three angels, as other angels be, And the hotest place in hell is reserved for thee.'

O

Pepys Ballads, V, 4, No 2, from a transcript in the Percy Papers.

1 There was a duke's daughter lived in York, Come bend and bear away the bows of yew So secretly she loved her father's clark. Gentle hearts, be to me true.

2 She loved him long and many a day, Till big with child she went away.

3 She went into the wide wilderness; Poor she was to be pitied for heaviness.

4 She leant her back against a tree, And there she endurd much misery.

5 She leant her back against an oak, With bitter sighs these words she spoke.

6 She set her foot against a thorne, And there she had two pretty babes born.

7 She took her filliting off her head, And there she ty'd them hand and leg.

8 She had a penknife long [and] sharp, And there she stuck them to the heart.

9 She dug a grave, it was long and deep, And there she laid them in to sleep.

10 The coldest earth it was their bed, The green grass was their coverlid.

11 As she was a going by her father's hall, She see three children a playing at ball.

12 One was drest in scarlet fine, And the other[s was naked] as ere they was born.

13 'O mother, O mother, if these children was mine, I wold dress them [in] scarlet fine.'

14 'O mother, O mother, when we was thine, You did not dress [us] in scarlet fine.

15 'You set your back against a tree, And there you endured great misery.

16 'You set your foot against a thorne, And there you had us pritty babes born.

17 'You took your filliting off your head, And there you bound us, hand to leg.

18 'You had a penknife long and sharp, And there you stuck us to the heart.

19 'You dug a grave, it was long and deep, And there you laid us in to sleep.

20 'The coldest earth it was our bed, The green grass was our coverlid.

21 'O mother, mother, for your sin Heaven-gate you shall not enter in.

22 'O mother, mother, for your sin Hell-gates stands open to let you in.'

23 The lady's cheeks lookd pale and wan, 'Alass I,' said she, 'what have I done!'

24 She tore her silken locks of hair, And dy'd away in sad despair.

25 Young ladies all, of beauty bright, Take warning by her last good-night.

The Duke's Daughter's Cruelty, or, The Wonderful Apparition of two Infants who she murtherd and buried in a Forrest for to hide her Shame. Printed for J. Deacon at the Sign of the Angel in Guil[t]-spur Street.

_Either the printer or the transcriber was careless._

5^2. sights.

11^1. gowing.

12^2. was naked _inserted by Percy_.

16^1. you foot; throne, _and perhaps also in_ 6^1.

20^1. coldeth.

23^1. wand.

25^2. waring.

_After 10 is introduced, absurdly, this stanza, derived from_ 'The Famous Flower of Serving-Men:'

She cut her hair, changed her name From Fair Elinor to Sweet William.

21. The Maid and the Palmer.

P. 228 a. The Färöe version, 'Mariu visa,' is No 9 of Hammershaimb's Færøsk Anthologi, p. 35.

22. St Stephen and Herod.

P. 234. The Färöe 'Rudisar vísa' is No 11 of Hammershaimb's Færøsk Anthologi, p. 39. Three copies are now known.

238 b. A description of San Domingo de la Calzada, with a narration of the miracle of St James, is cited by Birlinger from a manuscript of travels by a young German, 1587-93, in Alemannia, XIII, 42-44. The traveller had heard "the fable" in Italy, too, and had seen a painting of it at Savona. R. Köhler.

De Gubernatis, Zoölogical Mythology, II, 283 f, note 2, after citing the legend of San Domingo de la Calzada, adds: A similar wonder is said, by Sigonio, to have taken place in the eleventh century in the Bolognese; but instead of St James, Christ and St Peter appear to perform miracles. G. L. K.

239. In The Ely Volume, or, The Contributions of our Foreign Missions to Science, etc., 2d ed., Boston, 1885, the editor, Dr Laurie, discoursing of the Yezidees, says they speak of Satan as Melek Taoos, King Peacock, and the cawals (a sort of circuit-riders), "carry round with them brazen images of a bird on a sort of Oriental candlestick, as vouchers for their mission, and a means of blessing to their followers. One of them gave Dr Lobdell the following account of the origin of this name [Melek Taoos]. In the absence of his disciples, Satan, in the form of a dervish, took Christ down from the cross and carried him to heaven. Soon after the Marys came and asked the dervish where Christ was. They would not believe his reply, but promised to do so if he would restore the chicken he was eating to life. He did so, and when he told them who he was they adored him. When he left them he promised always to appear to them as a beautiful bird, and so the peacock became his symbol." P. 315. G. L. K.

241 a and 505.

Em dezembro, vintecinco, Meio da noite chegado, Um anjo ia no ar A dizer: Elle é já nado. Pergunta lo boi: Aonde? La mula pergunta: Quem? Canta lo gallo: Jesus. Diz la ovelha: Bethlem.

Azevedo, Romanceiro do Archipelago da Madeira, p. 3. R. Köhler.

The Taking of Stamboul, in Bezsonof, Kalyeki Perekhozhie, I, 617, No 138.

25. Willie's Lyke-Wake.

P. 249 f. The story of #A#, #B#, #C# in a tale, 'La Furnarella,' A. de Nino, Usi e Costumi abruzzesi, III, 198, No 37. R. Köhler.

#C.# Russian, in Trudy, V, 113, No 249.

29. The Boy and the Mantle.

P. 269 b. Stones. Add the Magnet, Orpheus de Lapidibus, Leipsic, 1764, Hamberger, p. 318, translated by Erox, De Gemmis, cap. 25; and the Agate, "Albertus Magnus, De Mineralibus, 1. II, sect, ii, c. 7:" cited by Du Méril, Floire et Blanceflor, p. clxvi. G. L. K.

269 b, third paragraph. See the English Flor and Blancheflor, ed. Hausknecht, 1885, p. 189, vv. 715-20.

270 b, the first paragraph. Add: Grimm, Deutsche Mythologie, p. 931, ed. 1876. "Ebenso trägt die indische Mariatale, so lang ihre Gedanken rein sind, ohne Gefäss das zu Kugeln geballte Wasser:" Kinderund Hausmärchen, III, 264, 9, ed. 1856. See Benfey, Orient und Occident, I, 719 ff, II, 97. F. Liebrecht. For the Mariatale story (from P. Sonnerat, Voyage aux Indes Orientales, etc.), see 'Paria,' in Goethes lyrische Gedichte, erläutert von H. Düntzer, II, 449 ff, ed. 1875.

The dragon kept by the priests of Lanuvian Juno ate honey-cakes from the hands of pure maids who went down into its cave, but twined round the unchaste and bit them: Aelian, Hist. An., xi, 6, Propertius, IV (V), 8. See Die Jungfernprobe in der Drachenhöhle zu Lanuvium, C. A. Böttiger's Kleine Schriften, I, 178 ff. G. L. K.

Note [254]. In the English 'Virgilius' it is a brass serpent with the same property: Thoms, A Collection of Early Prose Romances, II, p. 34 of Virgilius, ed. 1827: cited by Sir Walter Scott, 'Sir Tristrem,' p. 432, ed. 1833, apropos of the trick of the shameless Ysonde. G. L. K.

271 a. Aqua potationis domini: see, also, Konrad von Fussesbrunnen, Die Kindheit Jesu, ed. Kochen-dörffer, Quellen u. Forschungen, XLIII, p. 81 f, vv. 573-88, 617-21, 673 ff. G. L. K.

A stunned white elephant will be resuscitated if touched by the hand of a chaste woman. A king's eighty thousand wives, and subsequently all the women in his capital, touch the elephant without effect. A serving-woman, devoted to her husband, touches the elephant, and it rises in sound health and begins to eat. Kathā-sarit-sāgara, Book VII, ch. 36, Tawney's translation, p. 329 f: H. H. Wilson's Essays, II, 129 f. ("In the 115th Tale of the Gesta Romanorum, we read that two chaste virgins were able to lull to sleep and kill an elephant that no one else could approach." Tawney's note.) C. R. Lanman.

30. King Arthur and King Cornwall.

P. 277 a, second paragraph. Brags: see Miss Hapgood's Epic Songs of Russia, p. 300; also pp. 48, 50, 61, 65, 161, etc.

280 b, the last paragraph. Färöe #A# is printed by Hammershaimb in Færøsk Anthologi, p. 139, No 20.

31. The Marriage of Sir Gawain.

P. 289. Miss Martha Carey Thomas, in her Dissertation on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, etc., Zürich, 1883, pp. 62-64, has shown that the ugly woman in the English romances is probably derived from 'La damoisele hydeuse,' in the Perceval of Chrestien de Troyes, vv. 5996-6015.

32. King Henry.

P. 298, note. So of a frog, Colshorns, p. 139, No 42.

298 b, second paragraph. "In an unpublished story of the Monferrato, communicated to me by Dr Ferraro, a beautiful girl, when plucking up a cabbage, sees under its roots a large room, goes down into it, and finds a serpent there, who promises to make her fortune if she will kiss him and sleep with him. The girl consents. After three months the serpent begins to assume the legs of a man, then a man's body, and finally the face of a handsome youth, the son of a king, and marries his young deliverer." De Gubernatis, Zoölogical Mythology, II, 418. G. L. K.

34. Kemp Owyne.

P. 307 f. Caspar Decurtius, Märchen aus dem Bündner Oberlande, nach dem Räto-Romanischen erzählt, Jecklin, Volksthümliches aus Graubünden, Zürich, 1874, p. 126, has a tale of a Schlangenjungfrau who is a maid by day and a serpent by night, and is disenchanted by three kisses. G. L. K.

311. The Rev. Robert Lambe sent Percy, under date of January 29, 1768, "the best copy of 'The Laidley Worm' that he could procure from many incorrect, imperfect, and nonsensical ones." There are differences between this and the copy printed in Hutchinson,[188] but one is about as good as the other. In this earlier copy 2 follows 3 and 37 is wanting. 6 and 7 read:

O up then spake the queen herself: Who's this that welcoms me? A lord replied, The king's daughter, The flower of the North Country.

'Wo be to thee, thou gray-haird man, Thou mightst have excepted me; Before the morn at this same time I'll bring her to low degree.'

And 17, 22:

He straightway built a bonny ship, And set her on the sea; Her sails were made of silk so fine, Her masts of rowan-tree.

The hags came back, finding their charms Most powerfully withstood; For warlocks, witches, cannot work Where there is rowan-tree wood.

Duncan Frasier does not appear in the last stanza:

Now this fact, as it happened, is For their good sung in rhime, Lest they should some important part Forget of it in time.

Along with this earlier copy of Lambe's is found another, undescribed, which shows both agreements and variations: 2 follows 3, and 6, 7 and the final stanza are the same. 17 and 22 are wanting, and there are, therefore, no witches and no rowan-tree. Instead of 21-23, we have this very bad stanza:

'Run, run, my men, my sailors send Aboard yon ship so tall, And bid them drown the Child of Wind; But he soon slew them all.'

In the same parcel there is a copy of 'The Laidley Worm' which is somewhat more in the popular tone than the one already printed. It was sent in an undated letter [1775?] to J. Bulman, Esq., of Sheepwash, Morpeth, by E. G., that is, Captain E. Grow. "The above," says E. G., "is the Haggworm as I collected it from an old woman. I wrote to the Revrd Mr Lamb for his ballad, and directed him to send to you.... I think the inclosed more original then his, for Mr Lamb, tho a good antiquarian, is but a bad poet, and above the one half is his own composing." Mr J. Bulman appears to have transmitted this version to Percy, to whom, upon another occasion, May 25, 1775, he sends "a bold imitation of the song, now lost, of the Laidler Worm (written by Duncan Frazier, the monk on Cheviot, in 1270), by a lady, Miss Graham of Gloriorum, in Northumberland:" of which nothing need be said.

'The Hagg Worm,' obtained from an old woman by Captain E. Grow.

1 Bambrough Castle's a bonny place, Built on a marble stone, But long, long did the lady look Eer her father came home.

2 She knotted the keys upon a string, And with her she has them taen; She cast them oer her left shoulder, And to the gates she is gaen.

3 It fell out on a day the king Brought his new lady home, And all the lordling[s] in his realm To welcome them did come.

4 'You'r welcome, father,' the lady cries, 'To your halls and your towers, And so are you, good queen,' said she, 'For all that's here is yours.'

5 'O who is this,' said the queen, 'That welcomes me so high?' Up then spake a greyhaird man, An ill dead may he dee! 'Tis the kinges aie daughter, The flower of the North Country.

6 'O woe betyde the[e], greyhaired man, An ill dead may thou dee! Had she been fairer then she is, You might have excepted me.

7 'I'll liken her to a laidley worm, That warps about the stone, And not till Child of Wynd comes back Shall she again be wonne.'

8 The lady stood at her bower-door, A loud laughter took she: 'I hope your prayers will have no pith; You took not God with ye.'

9 She calld on her waiting-maid-- They calld her Dorothy-- The coffer that my gold lies in, I leave to thee the key.

10 'Her hellish spells seize on my heart, And quick will alter me; For eer the seting sun is down A laidler worm I'll be.'

11 Word's gone east, and word's gone west, And word's gone oer the sea, There's a laidler worm in Spindlestone Heughs Will destroy the North Countree.

12 For seven miles east and seven miles west, And seven miles north and south, Nea blade of grass or corn will grow, For the venom of her mouth.

13 To this day may be seen the cave This monsterous worm embowered, And the stone trough where seven cows' milk She every day devoured.

14 Word's gone east and word's gone west, Word oer the sea did go; The Child of Wynd got wit of it, Which filld his heart with woe.

15 'I have no sister but barely one, I fear fair Margery! I wish I was at Spindlestone Heughs, This laidler worm to see.'

16 Up then spoke his eldest brother, An angry man was he: O thou art young, far over young, To sail the stormy sea.

17 'Peace, brother,' said the Child of Wynd, 'Dear brother, let me be; For when we come to danger dire, I must fight when you will flee.

18 'O let us build a bonny ship, And set her in the sea; The sails shall be of silken twine, The masts of rowon-tree.'

19 They built a ship, the wind and tyde Drave them along the deep; At last they saw a stately tower, On the rock high and steep.

20 The sea was smooth, the sky was clear; As they approached nigher, King Ida's castle well they knew, And the banks of Balmburghshire.

21 The queen lookd thro her bower-window, To see what she coud see, And she espied a gallant ship Come sailing along the sea.

22 She calld on her witch-women To sink them in the main; They hoisted up their silken sails, And to Warren bridge they gane.

23 The worm lept up, the worm lept down, She plaited round the stane, And as the ship came to the land She banged them off again.

24 The Child leapd in the shallow water That flows oer Budle sand, And when he drew his berry-brown sword She suffered them to land.

25 When they came to Bamburg castle They tirled at the ring; 'Who 's that,' said the proud porter, 'That woud so fain be in?'

26 ''T is the king's son and Child of Wynd, Who have long been oer the sea; We come to see our sister dear, The peirless Margery.'

27 'Heigh a ween, and Oh a ween! A ween, a woe-ses me! She 's a laidler worm at Spindlestone Heughs, These seven years and three.'

28 They highed them stright to Spindleston Heughs-- Grief added to their speed-- Where out she came a laidler worm, And strack their hearts with dread.

29 The Child drew out his berry-brown sword, And waved it oer her head, And cried, If thou. . . . . . . . .

30 'O quit thy sword, and bend thy bow, And give me kisses three; For if I am not wonne eer the sun goes down, Wonne will I never be.'

31 He quit his sword, he bent his bow, He gave her kisses three; She threw out her fireballs, And fiercely made them flee.

32 In she went, and out she came, A laidley ask was she: 'Oh, tho I am a laidley ask, No harm I'll do to thee.

33 'Oh quit thy sword, and bend thy bow, And give me kisses three; For if I am not wonne eer the sun goes down, Wonne will I never be.'

34 He quit his sword, he bent his bow, And gave her kisses three; But she threw out her fireballs, And fiercely made them flee.

35 In she went, and out she came, A laidley adder was she; ['Oh, tho I am a laidley adder, No harm I'll do to thee.]

36 'Oh quit thy sword, and bend thy bow, And give me kisses three; [For if I am not wonne eer the sun goes down, Wonne will I never be.']

37 He quit his sword, he bent his bow, He gave her kisses three; She crept into the cave a snake, But stept out a lady.

38 'O quit thy sword, unbend thy bow, And give me kisses three; For tho I am a lady fair, I am. . to modesty.'

39 He took his mantle from his back, And wrapd his sister in, And thei'r away to Bamburg Castle, As fast as they coud winne.

40 His absence and her reptile form The king had long deplored, But now rejoiced to see them both Again to him restored.

41 The queen he sought, who when he found All quailed and sore affraid, Because she knew her power must yield To Child of Wynd, who said:

42 'O woe be to the[e], wicked woman, An ill deed may thou dee! As thou my sister likened, So likened thou shalt be.

43 'I change thy body to a toad, That on the earth doth wend, And wonne, wonne shalt thou never be Untill the world doth end!'

44 Now on the ground, near Ida's tower, She crawls a loathsome toad, And venom spits on every maid She meets upon the road.

8^3. with have.

27^2. _The correction to_ woe is _is obvious, but, not knowing that there may not have been some such popular interjection as woe-ses, I leave it._

32^4. to three.

35. In she went, and out she came, A laidley adder was she: 'Oh quit thy sword, and bend thy bow, And give me kisses three.'

She t[h]rew out her fire-balls, etc., _is written between the second and third lines. There seems to be no occasion for a third discharge of fireballs; but indeed the fireballs should come before the kisses, anyway._

42^2. deed did thou.

37. Thomas Rymer.

P. 322, second paragraph and note. Examples are too numerous to require mention, but it may be noticed that in The Turke and Gowin, Percy MS., ed. Hales and Furnivall, I, 93 f, vv 83-101, the Turk will not let Gawain touch any of the viands set forth in the underground castle, but brings in safe victual for him. G. L. K.

39. Tam Lin.

P. 335. #F# was learned by Widow McCormick from an old woman in Dumbarton: Motherwell's Note-Book, p. 4.

#I.# "The variations in the tale of Tamlane" were derived "from the recitation of an old woman residing near Kirkhill, in West Lothian:" Scott's Minstrelsy, II, 102, 1802.

336 b, third paragraph. Add: Aminson, IV, 6, No 27.

338. King Bean, in the form of a flying thing, turns into a handsome youth after bathing in three vessels successively, one of milk and water, one of milk, one of rose-water: Bernoni, Fiabe pop. veneziane, p. 87, No 17, translated by Crane, Italian Popular Tales, p. 12. A green bird bathes in a pan of milk, and becomes a handsome youth, and, bathing in gold basins full of water, this youth turns into a bird again: Pitré, Fiabe, Novelle e Racconti, I, 163, No 18, translated by Crane, p. 2, and note, p. 321. A prince and his two servants, transformed into pigeons, resume their proper shape on plunging into basins of gold, silver, and bronze respectively: a Tuscan story in De Gubernatis, Zoölogical Mythology, II, 299 f, note. G. L. K.

339 b, line 9 ff, Fairy Salve. This feature, in one form or another, occurs in nearly all the stories of mortal women who have helped elf-women in travail that are reported by Árnason, Íslenzkar þjóðsögur, I, 15 ff. G. L. K.

For fairy salve and indiscreet users of it, see, also, J. O'Hanlon, Irish Folk-Lore, Gentleman's Magazine, 1865, Pt II, in the Gentleman's Magazine Library, ed. Gomme, English Traditional Lore, p. 12. G. L. K.

340 a, third line of the second paragraph. Add to Zielke, v. 68: vv. 399-405.

340 a, second paragraph, Ympe-tree. In the lay de Tydorel, published by Gaston Paris in Romania, VIII, 67, a queen goes to sleep, v. 30, soz une ente, with strange results. G. L. K.

40. The Queen of Elfin's Nourice.

P. 358 f. Add: Hunt, Popular Romances of the West of England, ed. 1881, p. 83; P. I. Begbie, Supernatural Illusions, London, 1851, I, 44-47; Bartsch, Sagen, u. s. w., aus Meklenburg, I, 85, No 95; Kuhn, Märkische Sagen, p. 82, No 81, and Sagen, u. s. w., aus Westfalen, I, 285 f, No 331, and note; Grässe, Sagen des Königreichs Sachsen, 2d ed., I, 73, No 69, I, 395, No 455; Peter, Volksthümliches aus Österreichisch-Schlesien, II, 16; Lütolf, Sagen, u. s. w., aus Lucern, u. s. w., p. 476, No 478; Rochholz, Naturmythen, p. 113 f, No 9, and note, and especially the same author's Schweizersagen aus dem Aargau, I, 339: Wolf, Niederländische Sagen, p. 501, No 417; Árnason, Íslenzkar þjóðsögur, I, 13-22 (eight). G. L. K.

41. Hind Etin.

P. 365. Add to the German ballad: #I#, Birlinger u. Crecelius, Deutsche Lieder, Festgruss an #L.# Erk, No 1, 3 stanzas. R. Köhler.

42. Clerk Colvill.

P 374 b. #Swedish.# 'Prins Olof,' Wigström, Folkdiktning, II, 16, is rationalized; the elf is simply a frilla, mistress.

379 a. Add: Breton #G#, 'Le Sône de la Fiancée,' Revue des Provinces, III, 3^e livraison; Bladé, not seen by me.

380 a. French #C#. Say 'Le Fils Arnaud,' Noëlas, Essai d'un Romancero forézien, 68 verses.

380 b. Add: #HH#, #II#, 'Jean Renaud,' Decombe, Chansons pop. d'Ille-et-Vilaine, Nos 89, 90, pp. 253, 256; #JJ#, Le Limousin. #KK#, Le Loiret, #LL#, La Vendée, in Mélusine, II, cols 302-305: the last from "Revue de la Province de l'Ouest, 1856-57, IV, 50."

The first stanza, and four of the concluding, in Poésies pop. de la France, MS., VI, 491 and 491 _bis._

382 a. Italian #B# also in Rivista di letteratura popolare, p. 56, 1877.

43. The Broomfield Hill.

P. 391. Josyan, in Sir Bevis of Hamptoun, preserves her chastity by the use of a rune.

'I shall go make me a writ, Thorough a clerk wise of wit, That there shall no man have grace, While that letter is in place, Against my will to lie me by, Nor do me shame nor villany.' She did that letter soon be wrought On the manner as she had thought; About her neck she hanged it.

Ellis's English Metrical Romances, London, 1848, p. 256.

391 b, note [369] The text of Harleian MS., 2270, compared with another copy in Harleian MS., No 5259, is given in Wright's Latin Stories, p. 114, No 126, Percy Society, vol. viii. R. Köhler.

In the Lai de Doon, ed. G. Paris, Romania, VIII, 61 ff, those who sleep in the bed are found dead in the morning, and Doon simply sits up all night. R. Köhler.

393 b, last line but one. Uhland, No 104, in Niederdeutsche Volkslieder, herausgegeben vom Verein für niederdeutsche Sprachforschung, p. 40, No 63.

44. The Twa Magicians.

P. 400 a. Add to the French ballads: #P#, 'Mignonne,' Guillon, p. 248, Ain; #Q#, Mélusine, I, 338 f, Carcasonne.

401. #Persian.# Chodzko, Specimens of the Popular Poetry of Persia, p. 487, No 61, Songs of the Ghilanis. This and French #Q# are noted by Hasdek in the Roumanian periodical Columna lui Traian, 1876, p. 44, 1877, p. 301, apropos of 'Cucul si Turturica.' #Dalmatian.# Francesco Carrara, Canti del popolo dalmata, Zara, 1849, p. ix. Revue des Traditions populaires, I, 98. R. Köhler.

402 a, last paragraph. The Welsh text, with an English translation, is given by Stephens, Literature of the Kymry, p. 170: cf. pp. 174, 175. G. L. K.

401. In the Kalevala, Ilmarinen, after the death of his first wife, steals her younger sister, who is very unwilling to accompany him. She threatens to break his sledge to pieces, but it is made of iron. She will turn into a salmon (Schnäpel) in the sea; he will give chase in the form of a pike. She will become an ermine; he an otter, and pursue her. She will fly off as a lark; he will follow as an eagle. Here the talk of transformation ends: Rune 37, vv. 148-178. The next morning Ilmarinen in his wrath turns the maid into a gull. Kalewala, übertragen von Schiefner, pp. 226-228. G. L. K.

45. King John and the Bishop.

P. 404 a. The Two Noble Kinsmen, V, ii, 67, 68,

Daughter. How far is 't now to the end o the world, my masters?

Doctor. Why, a day's journey, wench.

G. L. K.

404 b. Death the penalty for not guessing riddles. There is no occasion to accumulate examples, but this Oriental one is worth mentioning. In the tale of Gôsht-i Fryânô, Akht, the sorcerer, will give three and thirty riddles to Gôsht, and if Gôsht shall give no answer, or say, I know not, he will slay him. After answering all the riddles, Gôsht says he will give Akht three on the same terms, and the sorcerer, failing to solve them, is slain. Arḍâ-Vîrâf, Pahlavî text, etc., Haug and West, Bombay and London, 1872, pp. 250, 263 f. This tale Köhler has shown to be one with that of the fine Kirghish lay 'Die Lerche,' in Radloff, Proben der Volkslitteratur der türkischen Stamme Süd-Sibiriens, III, 780: see Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft, XIX, 633 ff.

Additions to the literature, by Dr R. Köhler.

405 b. The tale cited by Vincent of Beauvais is told by Étienne de Bourbon, A. Lecoy de la Marche, Anecdotes historiques, légendes et apologues, tirés du recueil inédit d'Étienne de Bourbon, No 86.

In an as yet unprinted fifteenth-century Low German poem on the Seven Deadly Sins (Josefs Gedicht von den sieben Todsünden... nach der Handschrift bekannt gemacht von Dr Babucke, Oster-Programm des Progymnasiums zu Norden, 1874, p. 18), a king puts an abbot four questions:

De erste vraghe was, wor dat ertrike wende Unn were hoghest, eft he dat kende; De ander, wor dat unghelucke queme Unn bleve, wan dat eyn ende neme; Dat drudde, wo gud de konig were na rade Wan he stunde in synem besten wade; De verde, we syner eldermoder beneme De maghedom unn dar wedder in greme.

The abbot's swineherd, named Reyneke, answers:

Die erste vraghe, wor de erde hoghest were, Reyneke sede: In deme hemmel kommet, here, By dem vadere Cristus syn vordere hant, Dar is de hoghe unn keret de erde bekant. De andere, wor dat lucke ghinghe an, Dar moste dat ungelucke wenden unn stan, Unn kende nerghen vorder komen. Dat hebbe ik by my sulven vornomen: Ghisterne was ik eyn sweyn, nu bin ik beschoren, Unde byn to eyneme heren koren.

The replies to the third and fourth questions are wanting through the loss of some leaves of the MS. As to the first question, compare the legend of St Andrew, Legenda Aurea, ed. Grässe, p. 21, ubi terra sit altior omni coelo; to which the answer is made, in coelo empyreo, ubi residet corpus Christi. See, also, Gering, Íslendzk Æventýri, No 24, I, 95, II, 77, and note. For the fourth question see Kemble's Salomon and Saturn, p. 295, and Köhler in Germania, VII, 476.

408 b. Other repetitions of the popular tale, many of them with the monk or miller _sans souci_. Bartsch, Sagen, Märchen u. Gebräuche aus Meklenburg, I, 496 (Pater ohne Sorgen); Asbjørnsen, Norske Folke-Eventyr, Ny Samling, 1876, p. 128, No 26; Bondeson, Halländske Sagor, p. 103, No 27; the same, Svenska Folksagor, p. 24, No 7 (utan all sorg), cf. p. 22, No 6; Wigström, Sagor och Äfventyr upptecknade i Skåne, p. 109, in Nyare bidrag till kännedom om de svenska landsmålen och svenskt folklif, V, 1; Lespy, Proverbes du Pays de Béarn, p. 102; Bladé, Contes pop. de la Gascogne, III, 297; Moisant de Brieux, Origines de quelques coutumes anciennes, etc., Caen, 1874, I, 147, II, 100; Armana prouvençau, 1874, p. 33 (parson, bishop, gardener, middle of the earth, weight of the moon, what is my valuation? what am I thinking?); Pitré, Fiabe, Novelle, etc., II, 323, No 97 (senza pinseri); Imbriani, La novellaja fiorentina, etc., p. 621, V (Milanese, senza pensà); Braga, Contos tradicionaes do povo portuguez, I, 157, No 71, previously in Era Nova, 1881, p. 244 (sem cuidados), and No 160; Krauss, Sagen u. Märchen der Südslaven, II, 252, No 112 (ohne Sorgen); Erman, Archiv für die wissenschaftliche Kunde von Russland, XXIV, 146 (Czar Peter, kummerloses Kloster); Vinson, Le Folk-Lore du Pays basque, p. 106; Cerquand, Légendes et recits pop. du Pays basque, No 108.

Unterhaltende Räthsel-Spiele in Fragen u. Antworten, gesammelt von C. H. W., Merseburg, 1824, has the story of king, abbot, and shepherd, with the three riddles, How far is it to heaven? How deep is the sea? What is better than a gold coach? The shepherd prompts the abbot, and the abbot answers the king in person. The answer to the third is, the rain that falls between Whitsuntide and St John's. For this reply compare Archiv für slavische Philologie, V, 56, lines 25-36.

408 note [386]. Add the Æsopian tale, P. Syrku, Zur mittelalterlichen Erzählungsliteratur aus dem Bulgarischen, Archiv für slavische Philologie, VII, 94-97.

410 a. The Jewish-German story is given in Grünbaum's Jüdischdeutsche Chrestomathie, 1882, pp. 440-43. The third question is, What am I thinking? with the usual answer.

410 b. Some additions to the literature in Keller, Fastnachtspiele, Nachlese, p. 338, note to 199.

46. Captain Wedderburn's Courtship.

P. 415 a. Ein taub hat kein lungen: R. Köhler, in Weimarisches Jahrbuch, V, 344, 22.

416 a, second paragraph. Liebrecht's Abstract of Sakellarios's ballad is repeated in Liebrecht, Zur Volkskunde, p. 162 ff.

416, note [393]. See R. Köhler, Die Pehlevi-Erzählung von Gôsht-i Fryânô, etc., in Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft, XXIX, 634-36.

417, note [396] The one stake with no head on it occurs in the Kalevala. Lemminkäinen, going to the Northland, is warned by his mother that he will find a courtyard planted with stakes, with a head on every stake but one, on which his head will be stuck. Schiefner, Rune 26, vv. 315-22, p. 163. G. L. K.

417 b. Similar are 'Las tres adivinanzas,' Marin, Cantos pop. españoles, I, 395; 'Soldatino,' Archivio per Tradizioni popolari, I, 57.

418 a. Drolleries. See R. Köhler's article on Hagen, No 63, in Germania, XIV, 269, written in 1868, to which, Dr K. informs me, he could now make numerous additions.

49. The Twa Brothers.

P. 437 b. Add, though perhaps superfluous: Passow, p. 316, No 437, vv. 37, 38; Legrand, Recueil de Chansons pop. grecques, p. 220, v. 24 ff, p. 330, v. 17 ff; Aravandinos, No 435, v. 7 ff.

53. Young Beichan.

P. 463 a, first paragraph. The French ballad in Poésies pop. de la France, MS., IV, fol. 404; printed in Mélusine, II, col. 44. Another copy in Mélusine, I, col. 123.

476. Substitute for #L# this broadside: 'Lord Bateman.'

1 Lord Bateman was a noble lord, A noble lord of high degree; He shipped himself on board a ship, Some foreign country he would go see.

2 He sailed East, and he sailed West, Until he came to proud Turkey, When he was taken and put to prison, Until his life was almost gone.

3 And in this prison there grew a tree, It grew so stout and strong, Where he was chained by the middle, Until his life was almost gone.

4 This Turk he had one only daughter, The fairest creature my eyes did see; She stole the keys of her father's prison, And swore Lord Bateman she would set free.

5 'Have you got houses? Have you got lands? Or does Northumberland belong to thee? What would you give to the fair young lady That out of prison would set you free?'

6 'I have got houses, I have got lands, And half Northumberland belongs to me; I'll give it all to the fair young lady That out of prison would set me free.'

7 O then she took me to her father's hall, And gave to me the best of wine, And every health she drank unto him, 'I wish, Lord Bateman, that you were mine!

8 'Now in seven years I'll make a vow, And seven years I'll keep it strong, If you'll wed with no other woman, I will wed with no other man.'

9 O then she took him to her father's harbour, And gave to him a ship of fame: 'Farewell, farewell to you, Lord Bateman, I'm afraid I neer shall see you again.'

10 Now seven long years are gone and past, And fourteen days, well known to thee; She packed up all her gay clothing, And swore Lord Bateman she would go see.

11 But when she came to Lord Bateman's castle, So boldly she did ring the bell; 'Who's there, who's there?' cried the proud porter, 'Who's there? come unto me tell.'

12 'O is this Lord Bateman's castle? Or is his Lordship here within?' 'O yes, O yes,' cried the young porter, 'He's just now taken his new bride in.'

13 'O tell him to send me a slice of bread, And a bottle of the best wine, And not forgetting the fair young lady Who did release him when close confined.'

14 Away, away, went this proud young porter, Away, away, and away went he, Until he came to Lord Bateman's chamber; Down on his bended knees fell he.

15 'What news, what news, my proud young porter? What news hast thou brought unto me?' 'There is the fairest of all young creatures That eer my two eyes did see.

16 'She has got rings on every finger, And round one of them she has got three, And as much gay clothing round her As would buy all Northumberland free.

17 'She bids you send her a slice of bread, And a bottle of the best wine, And not forgetting the fair young lady Who did release you when close confined.'

18 Lord Bateman he then in a passion flew, And broke his sword in splinters three, Saying, I will give all my father's riches, That if Sophia has crossed the sea.

19 Then up spoke the young bride'[s] mother, Who never was heard to speak so free: You'll not forget my only daughter, That if Sophia has crossed the sea.

20 'I own I made a bride of your daughter; She's neither the better or worse for me; She came to me with her horse and saddle, She may go back in her coach and three.'

21 Lord Bateman prepared another marriage, With both their hearts so full of glee: 'I'll range no more in foreign countries, Now since Sophia has crossed the sea.'

Pitts, Seven Dials.

P. 485 a, and p. 21, note. See, further, on reproaching or insulting elves and the like, Liebrecht, Zur Volkskunde, pp. 54-56: Cassel, Der Schwan, 1863, p. 14. F. Liebrecht.

Bladé, Contes populaires de la Gascogne, II, 8, 9. G. L. K.

485 b. #C.# The second stanza was accidentally omitted. It is:

'What's that ye hae on your back?' 'It's my dinner and my book.'

487, note. The scene between St George and the maiden is woven into a Greek tale, 'Der Goldäpfelbaum und die Höllenfahrt,' Hahn, No 70, II, 55. See, also, George's legend in Bezsonof, Kalyeki Perekhozhie, I, 506, 509, 520, Nos 117, 118, 120.

496 a. This copy of 'The Twa Sisters,' #Z#, a variety of #R#, was derived from ladies in New York, and by them from a cousin.

1 There was a man lived in the West, Sing bow down, bow down There was a man lived in the West, The bow was bent to me There was a man lived in the West, He loved his youngest daughter best; So you be true to your own true-love And I'll be true to thee.

2 He gave the youngest a beaver hat; The eldest she was mad at that.

3 He gave the youngest a gay gold ring; The eldest she had nothing.

4 As they stood by the river's brim, The eldest pushed the youngest in.

5 'Oh dear sister, hand me your hand, And I'll give you my house and land.

6 'Oh dear sister, hand me your glove, And you shall have my own true-love.'

7 First she sank and then she swam, She swam into the miller's dam.

8 The miller, with his line and hook, He caught her by the petticoat.

9 He robbed her of her gay gold ring, And then he threw her back again.

10 The miller, he was burnt in flame, The eldest sister fared the same.

503 a, fourth paragraph. Add: Bellermann, p. 100, No 12.

VOL. II.

54. The Cherry-Tree Carol.

P. 1. Printed in Bullen's Carols and Poems, 1886, p. 29, with the stanzas in this order: #A# 1-8, #B# 8, #A# 9, #B# 9-15, #B# 17. Bullen remarks, As regards the text of this carol, no two copies are found to agree, and one is obliged to adopt an eclectic method: p. 252.

A Dutch carol, keeping the palms, J. A. and L. J. Alberdingk-Thijm, Oude en nieuwere Kerstliederen, p. 174, No 87.

55. The Carnal and the Crane.

P. 7. Printed in Bullen's Carols and Poems, 1886, p. 49, with Sandys's text, a.

Legend of the Sower. I omitted to mention 'La Fuito en Egypto,' in Arbaud, I, 33 ff. The legend of the sower is the subject of a carol in the Bible des Noëls, printed at Caen: Beaurepaire in Le Héricher, Littérature pop. de Normandie, p. 81 f. Also, of a Dutch carol, J. A. and L. J. Alberdingk-Thijm, Oude en nieuwere Kerstliederen, p. 138, No 70.

Victor Smith gives two copies in Noëls du Velay et du Forez, Romania, VIII, 420 f. R. Köhler. In the second the quail plays the part of the partridge, the swallow befriends the Virgin. V. Smith refers also to Eugène Muller, Chansons de mon Village, journal Le Mémorial de la Loire du 23 septembre, 1867.

Dr R. Köhler has furnished me with these additional references.

A French Life of the Virgin, cited from a MS. of the thirteenth century, by Reinsch, Pseudo-Evangelien, pp. 60-64.

Ferdinand Wolf, Jahrbuch für romanische und englische Literatur, III, 73, cites from Didron, Annales Archéologiques, XVI, 315, 1856, a mystery of The Flight into Egypt, which has the legend of the Sower, in Noëls dramatiques des Flamands de France, publiés par l'abbé Carnel. This mystery was apparently written in the eighteenth century, for representation by a charity-school.

The legend is popularly preserved in Ireland, and a species of beetle is the Virgin's enemy, in place of the partridge or quail (p. 8, note [9]): E. Adams in Transactions of the London Philological Society, cited by Rolland, Faune populaire de la France, III, 326. The same story in Notes and Queries, Fourth Series, X, 183.

The miraculous harvest is the subject of a Catalan popular tale, 'La Menta y'l Gaitx,' Maspons y Labrós, Lo Rondallayre, II, 28. A hawk seconds the mint in calling out, Under the sheaf! Again, simply, without the trait of the malicious plant or bird, in Leite de Vasconcellos, Tradições pop. de Portugal, p. 106. (Juniper, according to Italian tradition, saves the Virgin during her flight, when broom and chick-pea are on the point of revealing her whereabouts by their noise: De Gubernatis, Mythologie des Plantes, II, 153.)

The legend has been transferred by tradition to St Radegund, Acta Sanctorum Augusti, III, 66; to St Macrina, pursued by Gargantua, Sébillot, Gargantua dans les Traditions populaires, p. 173; and even to Luther, von Schulenburg, Wendische Volkssagen, p. 47. It is cited from the 145th book of the works of Bernard de Bluet d'Arberes, by P. L. Jacob, Dissertations Bibliographiques, p. 195.

56. Dives and Lazarus.

P. 10. Printed in A. H. Bullen's Carols and Poems, 1886, p. xviii, from a Birmingham broadside of the last century, differing only in a few words from #A#.

57. Brown Robyn's Confession.

P. 13. I neglected to refer to the throwing over of Bonnie Annie in No 24, I, 244. Add: 'Les Pèlerins de Saint-Jacques,' Decombe, Chansons pop. d'Ille-et-Vilaine, p. 284, No 98.

As to detention of ships by submarine people, see R. Köhler, in Zeitschrift für deutsches Alterthum, XXIX, 456-458.

15. For other cases of guilty men who endanger ships being ascertained by lot and thrown into the sea, see R. Köhler's Vergleichende Anmerkungen, prefixed to Karl Warnke's edition of the Lais of Marie de France, p. C, Eliduc, I. Köhler cites 'Tristan le Léonois,' in which Sadoc, a nephew of Joseph of Arimathea, is the offender who is thus disposed of. Wesselofsky, Archiv für slavische Philologie, IX, 288 ff (as pointed out to me by Dr Köhler), makes the admirable suggestion that Sadok (in Hebrew, The Just) is the original of the Russian Sadko.

The story of Sadko, in Miss Hapgood's Epic Songs of Russia, p. 313.

19 b. Mermaids boding storms: Hunt, Popular Romances of the West of England, ed. 1881, p. 15. G. L. K.

58. Sir Patrick Spens.

P. 20 b. #A a# is translated in Seckendorf's Musenalmanach für das Jahr 1808, p. 9.

59. Sir Aldingar.

P. 33, note. Octavian, ed. Sarrazin, p. 8, 195 ff, p. 72, 157 ff.

40 a, the second paragraph. There are five copies of the Färöe ballad. The copy in the Antiquarisk Tidsskrift was made up from four. A fifth, printed by Hammershaimb in Færøsk Anthologi, p. 188, No 25, has a widely divergent and very inferior story. There is no ordeal by battle. Óluva asks to be subjected to three probations, sea, fire, and a snake-house, and comes off triumphantly. Mýlint, her slanderer, is so absurd as to propose to try the snake-house, and is torn to pieces ere he is half in. Óluva goes into a cloister.

60. King Estmere.

P. 49, note [59]. "_Was lough a loud laughter_ the reading of the folio?" "A loud laughter the ladie lought," Percy Folio, I, 190, 'The Lord of Learne,' v. 215. G. L. K.

51, and 54, stanza 49. Riding into Hall. Sir Percival rides so close to King Arthur that his mare kisses Arthur's forehead, v. 494 ff; knocks off the king's hat, Chrestien de Troyes, 2125 ff (the kissing is a mistranslation); he binds his mare in the hall, v. 599, Thornton Romances. Lancelot rides into hall in Morte Arthur, v. 1555, p. 60, ed. Furnivall. Dame Tryamour rides into hall in the English Launfal, v. 973 ff, Ritson, Met. Rom., I, 212; Lanval, v. 617 ff, Warnke, Lais der Marie de France, p. 111.

Floris ende Blancefloer, ed. Moltzer, p. 29, v. 1055: F. Liebrecht.

Floire et Blanceflor, ed. Du Méril, v. 665 f, p. 28. Torrent of Portugal, ed. Halliwell, v. 1143 ff, p. 49: Torrent and others ride into the king's hall during meat, Torrent even 'up to the lady.' Le Bel Inconnu, ed. Hippeau, vv. 71-89, p. 4. Ipomydon, ed. Weber, vv. 1651 ff, III, 341: Ipomydon, disguised as a fool, goes to the king's court on a rouncy, and when told to go to meat ties his horse 'fast him by;' into the hall came riding a may. G. L. K.

51 b, the third paragraph. "En ces temps-là, dit la Chronique Générale d'Espagne, les rois, comtes, nobles, et tous les chevaliers, afin d'être prêts à toute heure, tenaient leurs chevaux dans la salle où ils couchaient avec leurs femmes: Taine, Les Origines de la France contemporaine, I, 10 f." F. Liebrecht. "E assy los reyes e condes e los altos omes e todos los otros caualleros que se presçiauan de armas, todos parauan los cauallos dentro en las camaras donde tenien sus lechos donde dormian con sus mugeres, porque, luego que oyan dar el apellido, touiessen prestos sus cauallos e sus armas, e que caualgassen luego sin otra tardança ninguna." Crónica de España, ed. 1541, Third Part, fol. cclxxv.

61. Sir Cawline.

P. 56. I have omitted to refer to the close resemblance to Sir Eglamour, Thornton Romances, p. 121, Percy MS., Hales and Furnivall, II, 341. See 'Sir Lionel,' I, 209.

56 b, line 19 f. Compare the sword given by Cristabelle to Sir Eglamour, v. 265 f:

Saint Poule fonde hyt in the Grekes sea.

57 a. In the Lai de l'Espine, erroneously ascribed by Roquefort to Marie de France, the hero, holding watch for the sake of adventure at the Gué de l'Espine, en la nuit de la Saint Jéhan, tilts with eldritch knights and wins a horse from one of them. The horse disappears, much as in the story in Gervase of Tilbury. G. L. K.

62. Fair Annie.

P. 67, note [79]. More cases in Dr R. Köhler's annotation to 'Le Fraisne,' Warnke, Lais der Marie de France, p. LXIV ff. See, also, Liebrecht, Germania, XXVIII, 114 f. [The passage concerning Guinea negroes, Köhler, p. LXXIV, occurs also, perhaps originally, in Astley's Voyages, III, 83, whence it is cited by Sir John Lubbock, Mental and Social Condition of Savages, p. 36, ed. 1882. G. L. K.]

63. Child Waters.

P. 85 b. Percy's ballad is translated in Seckendorf's Musenalmanach für das Jahr 1808, p. 120.

66. Lord Ingram and Chiel Wyet.

P. 127 a. Sword in bed.

Add the following references, communicated by Dr R. Köhler. Gonzenbach, Sicilianische Märchen, Nos 39, 40, I, 272, 279; Bladé, Contes p. de la Gascogne, I, 284; Leskien u. Brugman, Litauische Volkslieder u. Märchen, p. 394, Märchen 11, and Wollner's note, p. 548; Pio, Νεοελληνικα Παραμυθια, No 10, p. 174; a Latin tale in Jahrbuch für romanische u. englische Literatur, XI, 231; Prym u. Socin, Syrische Sagen u. Märchen, No 7, p. 25; Gaster, Beiträge zur vergleichenden Sagen- u. Märchenkunde, p. 28; Generides, ed. Furnivall, p. 202, v. 6511 ff, ed. Wright, 3921 ff; the French Bevis of Hampton, and (through Amis and Amiloun) one version of the Seven Sages, epitomized in Loiseleur des Longchamps, Essai sur les Fables indiennes, Rajna, Ricerchi intorno ai Reali di Francia, p. 121, and Origini dell' Epopea francese, p. 406; Lane, Thousand and One Nights, III, 346, Story of Seyf El-Mulook (A. Weber); Weber, Ueber eine Episode im Jaimini-Bhârata, Monatsberichte der Berliner Akademie, 1869, p. 40; Reinisch, Die Nuba-Sprache, I, 190; Consiglieri Pedroso, Portuguese Folk-Tales, Folk-Lore Society, No 25, p. 100 (lance for sword).

The King of the Crows (a man by night) puts a naked sword between himself and his wife. Bladé, Contes pop. de la Gascogne, I, 21. G. L. K.

127 b. Jumping over tables. See, also, I, 502 a, note to p. 194, and 502 b, note to 198 b. Add to the Polish ballads in the last, Roger, p. 13, Nos 25, 26: in 25 the bride jumps three, in 26 she jumps four and knocks over a fifth with her foot. R. Köhler notes a Slavic ballad of the same set, translated by Max Waldau, Deutsches Museum, 1851, I, 134. Nastasya (see I, 200) jumps over a table to get to Dobrynya, Hilferding, col. 810, No 157; Miss I. F. Hapgood's Epic Songs of Russia, p. 267.

Herr Lave, in the favorite and excellent Scandinavian ballad, 'Herr Lave og Herr Jon,' jumps over the table when he is told "nu sover Hr. Jon hos unge Bruddin," Kristensen, II, 304, No 86, C 13: so Kristensen, I, 172, No 62, A 5; Wigström, Folkdiktning, I, 71, No 34, stanza 15; Öberg, Filikromen, III, 32, 35, stanza 15; Grundtvig, No 275, 'Hr. Find og Vendel rod,' stanza 12. Liebrecht, Englische Studien, IX, 447, adds E. Wigström, Folkdiktning, I, 14, 'Agneta och bergamannen,' stanza 18.

Alexander, in disguise, jumps over Darius's table, Kyng Alisaunder, 4236-39, Weber, I, 174; Garadue jumps the table in the Lai du Corn, Wolf, Ueber die Lais, vv. 551-54, p. 340. The Soudan of Dammas, Kyng of Tars, vv. 97 ff, Ritson, II, 160, and King Richard, Richard Coer de Lion, vv. 1795-98, Weber, II, 71, smite the table down. G. L. K.

67. Glasgerion.

P. 137 a, second paragraph. Landau notes various unpleasant stories resembling Boccaccio's, Quellen des Dekameron, pp. 70 f, 74 ff, ed. 1884.

137 a, note [96]. The comparison between Chaucer's Glascurion and the Welsh Geraint had already been made by Price, Essay on the Remains of Ancient Lit. in the Welsh, etc., 1845, Literary Remains of the Rev. Thomas Price, 1854, I, 152. G. L. K.

137 b, line 18. Insert: Briz, V, 73.

Line 20. Add: the harping of Wäinämöinen, Kalevala, Rune 41, v. 31 ff, Schiefner, p. 240. Daghda, the Druid, performs in the hall of his enemies the three feats which give distinction to a harper: makes the women cry tears, the women and youth burst into laughter, and the entire host fall asleep. O'Curry, Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish, III, 214: cf. D'Arbois de Jubainville, Cours de la Litt. Celtique, II, 190 f. G. L. K.

68. Young Hunting.

P. 143, note [100]. Danske Samlinger, Norske Magasin, are cited by Grundtvig, IV, 151.

143. Discovery of drowned bodies. See, further, Dennys, The Folk-Lore of China, p. 64; Liebrecht, Volkskunde, p. 332, No 169, and Englische Studien, IX, 447; Mélusine, II, cols 252, 253.

69. Clerk Saunders.

P. 158 b, at the end of the first paragraph. Supply the Portuguese versions, accidentally omitted: 'Dona Branca,' Braga, Cantos pop. do Archipelago açoriano, p. 233; 'Dom Alberto,' p. 236, 'Flor de Marilia,' p. 237.

72. The Clerk's Twa Sons o Owsenford.

P. 174. Add to the Spanish and Italian ballad: 'Les trois Clercs,' Decombe, as above, p. 267, No 93; 'Les trois Écoliers,' Mélusine, I, col. 243 f; 'La Légende de Pontoise' (corrupted), Poésies p. de la France, MS., I, fol. 82, Mélusine, II, 18 f.

73. Lord Thomas and Fair Annet.

P. 179 b. #F.# After Kinloch MSS, III, 127, insert: and Dr John Hill Burton's papers.

182. Green and blue.

"Oh green's forsaken, And yellow's forsworn, And blue's the sweetest Color that's worn."

This is given (apropos of an emerald engagement-ring) as a popular rhyme in William Black's Three Feathers, chap. ix. The scene is in Cornwall.

"Then shall ye were a shelde of blewe, In token ye shall be trewe,"

says the king's daughter of Hungary in the Squyr of Lowe Degre, vv. 205, 206, Ritson, III, 153. See Rochholz, Altdeutsches Bürgerleben, pp. 277, 278. G. L. K.

75. Lord Lovel.

204 and 212.

J

Communicated by Mr Macmath, as derived from his aunt, Miss Jane Webster, who learned it from her mother, Janet Spark, Kirkcudbrightshire.

1 Lord Lovel was standing at his stable-door, Kaiming down his milk-white steed, When by came Lady Anzibel, Was wishing Lord Lovel good speed, good speed, Was wishing Lord Lovel good speed.

2 'O where are you going, Lord Lovel?' she said, 'O where are you going?' said she: 'I'm going unto England, And there a fair lady to see.'

3 'How long will you stay, Lord Lovel?' she said, 'How long will you stay?' says she: 'O three short years will soon go by, And then I'll come back to thee.'

P. 205 a, note. Add: (28) a copy in B. Seuffert, Maler Müller, Berlin, 1877, p. 455f: R. Köhler. (Dropped in the second edition, 1881.)

205 b, note [122]. The Finnish version is 'Morsiamen kuolo,' Kanteletar, 1864, p. viii.

P. 206. Add: Decombe, 'Derrièr' la Trinité,' p. 210, No 75, 'En chevauchant mon cheval rouge,' p. 212, No 76; Ampère, Instructions, p. 36, Bulletin du Comité, etc., I, 252, 'Les chevaux rouges.'

77. Sweet William's Ghost.

P. 227, note [130]. Sir Walter Scott, in his Introduction to The Pirate, ed. 1846, p. viii, and note, p. 136, informs us that the old woman was Bessie Millie, living at Stromness, Pomona, Orkney (not Shetland). W. Macmath.

227 b. Asking back troth. The Child of Bristow's father, who has been charged by his son to come back from purgatory at intervals of a fortnight, asks back his troth three times, and gets it after he is ransomed by his son: Hazlitt, Early Popular Poetry, I, 120, 124, 128.

78. The Unquiet Grave.

P. 235 a. Add these versions of the tale of the child that is obliged to carry its mother's tears in a pitcher, or whose clothes are wet with its mother's tears: 'Das Thränenkrüglein,' Bechstein, Märchenbuch, 1845, p. 109, 1879, p. 110; Wucke, Sagen der mittleren Werra, 1864, I, 133; also, II, 31; Krainz, Mythen u. Sagen aus dem steirischen Hochlande, p. 405, No 309 [and Sagen aus Steirmark, p. 50, No 44]; Jäcklin, Volksthümliches aus Graubünden, Cur, 1878, p. 18, versified by the editor; Friedrich Müller, Siebenbürgische Sagen, 1857, p. 47, No 64, and Wien, 1885, No 87; von Shulenburg, Wendische Volkssagen, p. 238; Krauss, Sagen u. Märchen der Südslaven, II, 307, No 132. J. W. Wolf, Deutsche Märchen u. Sagen, p. 162, No 42, gives the story from Thomas Cantipratensis, and in a note, at p. 595, says, dieselbe Sage ist auch muhammedanisch, doch muss ich leider die nähere Nachweise darüber für ein anderes Mal ersparen. R. Köhler.

Schambach u. Müller, Niedersächsische Sagen, No 233, p. 220, and note at p. 364; Lütolf, Sagen aus Lucern, p. 515. G. L. K.

236 a. Better in the Pahlavî text, Arḍâ-Vîrâf, Haug and West, Bombay and London, 1872, ch. 16, p. 165. Srôsh, the pious, and Âtarô, the angel, said thus. This river is the many tears which men shed from the eyes as they make lamentation and weeping for the departed. They shed those tears unlawfully, and they swell to this river. Those who are not able to cross over are those for whom, after their departure, much lamentation and weeping were made, and those who cross more easily are those for whom less was made. Speak forth to the world thus: When you are in the world, make no lamentation and weeping unlawfully; for so, much harm and difficulty may happen to the souls of your departed.

236 b. Add: the legend Santo Antonio e a Princeza, Estacio da Veiga, Romanceiro do Algarve, p. 178, Hardung, Romanceiro Portuguez, II, 151 f; and to note [134]., Jacobs, Anthologia Græca, II, 799, Appendix Epigrammatum, 125, ed. 1814. F. Liebrecht.

80. Old Robin of Portingale.

P. 240 a. Add: 'Willie's Fatal Visit,' Buchan, II, 259 f, stanza 5; 'Wallace and his Leman,' p. 226, stanza 2.

240 b, second paragraph, fourth line. Say: burns or cuts.

And with a knyfe son gerte he schare A crose appone his schuldir bare.

Sir Isumbras, Thornton Romances, ed. Halliwell, p. 94, v. 135 f.

King Richard, in Richard Coer de Lion, v. 1726, Weber, II, 68, says: "Upon my flesch I bare the croys." Certain young men who had refused to take the cross, having got worsted in a fight with robbers, condignly, three days afterwards, crucem quem antea spreverant in carne sibi invicem ultronei affixerunt. Giraldus Cambrensis, Itinerarium Cambriæ, ii, 7, Opera, ed. Dimock, VI, 126. G. L. K.

81. Little Musgrave and Lady Barnard.

P. 243 b, third paragraph. Heathen child: so Sir Beues of Hamtoun, v. 3558, p. 136 (Maitland Club).

244. For wiping or whetting the sword, see further under No 99, p. 378.

89. Fause Foodrage.

P. 297 a, third paragraph. A Färöe version, 'Sveinur í Vallalíð,' one of five known, is printed by Hammershaimb, Færøsk Anthologi, No 19, p. 124.

90. Jellon Grame.

P. 303 b, the first paragraph. Add to Bugge, No 5, Landstad's version, No 18, stanzas 6, 7, p. 224. The trait of the extraordinary growth of the boy who is to avenge his father is preserved also in the Färöe 'Sveinur í Vallalíð' (a variety of 'Ung Villum,' II, 297 a), Hammershaimb, Færøsk Anthologi, p. 131, stanzas 44, 45. Again in 'Ivar Erlingen og Riddarsonen,' Landstad, No 13, stanzas 22, 23, p. 161. Sigurd grows more in one month than other bairns in six in some Färöe versions of 'Regin Smith,' as Lyngbye, p. 58, stanzas 33, 34; the verses having, perhaps, been adopted from other ballads: see Hammershaimb, Sjúrðar kvæði, p. 6, note 2. This marvellous growth occurs in some popular tales, as 'Der Grindkopf (Italian), Köhler, in Jahrbuch fur rom. u. eng. Literatur, VIII, 253, Gonzenbach, Sicilianische Volksmärchen, I, 158, No 26.

91. Fair Mary of Wallington.

P. 310 b, last paragraph, eleventh line. After Wunderhorn, etc., insert: 'Von der jungen Markgräfin,' Seckendorf's Musenalmanach für das Jahr 1808, p. 23.

93. Lamkin.

P. 320 and 339.

W

'Bloody Lambkin,' communicated by Mr Macmath ea derived from his aunt, Miss Jane Webster, who learned it from her aunt, Minnie Spark, Kirkcudbrightshire.

* * * * * * *

1 And it was weel built, without and within, Except a little hole, to let Bloody Lambkin come in.

* * * * * * *

2 He stabbed her young son, wi the silver bodkin, Till oot o the cradle the reed blude did rin.

3 'Oh still my babe, nourrice, still him wi the keys:' 'He'll no be still, madam, let me do what I please.'

4 'Oh still my babe, nourrice, still him wi the knife:' 'He'll no be still, madam, na, no for my life.'

5 'Oh still my babe, still my babe, still him wi the bell:' 'He'll no be still, madam, till ye come down yoursel.'

6 'How can I come down, this cold frosty night? I have neither coal nor candle, for to show me light!'

* * * * * * *

7 'O haud your tongue, nourrice, sae loud as ye lee; Ye'd neer a cut finger but I pitied thee.'

95. Maid Freed from the Gallows.

P. 349 b. Add: Antonovitch and Dragomanof, Historical Songs of the Little-Russian People, Kief, 1874, I, 102, No 34; Chodzko, Les Chants historiques de l'Ukraine, p. 72. A Cossack writes to his father from prison, begging to be ransomed. 'How much?' asks the father. 'Eight oxen to every house, with their plows.' If he must give so much, the son will have to die. The son writes to his mother. 'How much do they ask?' 'Eight milch-cows, with their calves.' At that rate he will have to die. He writes to his love. 'How much must be paid?' 'Seven hundred ducks from each house.' She would rather part with all she has than let him die.

100. Willie o Winsbury.

P. 398. This copy, #J#, which resembles #D#, was communicated by Mr Macmath as derived, September 13, 1886, from his aunt, Miss Jane Webster, who learned it above fifty years ago at Airds of Kells, Kirkcudbrightshire, from the singing of Samuel Galloway. "Barborough may be spelt Barburgh, Barbara, or even, perhaps, Barbary."

1 There was a lass in the North Countrie, And her clothing it was the green, And she's looked ower her father's castle-wa, For to see her father's ships sail in, in, For to see her father's ships on sea.

2 'What aileth thee, dear daughter?' he said, 'What makes thee so pale and wan? I'm afraid you've got some sore sickness, Or have lain wi some young man, man, Or have lain wi some young man.'

3 'O I have got no sore sickness, Nor I've lain with no young man; But the thing that grieves me to the heart Is my true-love is staying too long.' That my true-love, etc.

4 'O is he a lord, or a duke, or a knight, Or a man of birth or fame? Or is he one of my own servant-men, That is lately come from Spain?'

5 'He's neither a lord, nor a duke, nor a knight, Nor a man of birth or fame; But he is one of your own servant-men, That is lately come from Spain.'

6 'O call him down, the Spanish dog, O call him down to me, For before eight o'clock next morning Hanged he shall be, be, Aye, hanged on a tree.'

7 'It's oh forbid, dear father,' she said, 'That anything there should be, For if that you hang John Barborough, You'll get nae mair good o me.'

8 He's called down his merry men all, By one and by two and by three; John Barborough was to be the first, But the last man down came he.

* * * * * * *

9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For every pound that he laid down, John Barborough laid down three.

Dr Davidson has given me a stanza, derived from Aberdeenshire, which is close to #G# 10.

She turned her right an round about, Wi the saut tear in her ee: 'O gin ye hang my True Tammas, Ye'se never see guid o me.'

To be Corrected in the Print.

I, 67 a, line 15. _Read_ Trundesøn.

279 b, note §, first citation. _Read_ 31^2 _for_ 29^2.

319, note [308], second line. _Read_ later _for_ Latin.

322, note [318], last line but one. _Read_ baciata.

392 b, third line. O _has dropt out of_ Oesterley.

392 b, third paragraph, second line. _Read_ husband's sons are.

400 b, first line. _Read_ şi.

400 b, sixth line from the bottom. _Read_ Čelakovský.

407 b, second paragraph, last line but one. _Read_ abbot be cook.

486 a, #CC#, first line, and 504 a, 219 b, fifth line. _Read_ Schlossar.

* * * * *

II, 10 b, second paragraph, last line. _Read_ 97 _for_ 47.

78 b, stanza 26^2. _Read_ frae _for_ from.

82 a, third stanza from the bottom, second verse. _Read_ Orris.

85 a, first paragraph, last line. _Read_ #J# 30 _for_ #F# 30.

99 a, #A# 31^1, third line. _Read_ 32^3 _for_ 31^1.

133, #D# 4^1. _Read_ Lord Ingram.

136 b, second paragraph, second line. _Read_ III, 113-118.

137 b, third paragraph, second line. _Read_ Barnard.

143, note [100]. _Read_ Samlinger... Norske Magasin.

185 a, stanza 21^3. _Drop_ the.

206 a, third paragraph (7), and 215 b, second paragraph, last line but four. _Read_ Aravandinos.

215 b, second paragraph, last line but five. _Read_ 89 _for_ 29.

256, #K# 2^4. _Read_ in o my arms.

326, stanza 8^2. _Read_ O go please it.

352, stanza 20^2. _Read_ No tho (No _having been arbitrarily struck out_).

* * * * *

It is intended to follow the spelling of sources or to note departures from it. The following undesigned variations from the spelling of the texts have been observed. Undoubtedly there are others. All that shall be detected will be registered, and literal conformity restored if the opportunity shall offer.

I, 145 b, 21^2. _Read_ silver-shode.

II, 48 a, #C# 1^3. _Read_ rottens.

78, 4^3. _Read_ welcome.

78, 22^2. _Read_ angring.

78, 24^2. _Read_ bot.

91, #D# 24^3. _Read_ ha an.

91, #D# 27^{1-2}. _Read_ ye'el.

91, #D# 29^3. _Read_ mether an.

107, #D# 15^2. _Read_ spak.

108, #E# 2^4. _Read_ die.

111, notes, #E# 1^3. _Read_ labour.

190, #F# 13^4. _Read_ Te.

207, #B# 3^1. _Read_ whan. 4^3. _Read_ lang.

209, #D# 4^4. _Read_ fair. 5^4. _Read_ aw.

248, #D# 1^8. _Read_ Levingstone.

248, #D# 5^3, 7^1, 14^2. _Read_ gowd.

326, 12^1, 17^1. _Read_ nursy.

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes

Changes listed in the preceding section "To be Corrected in the Print" have been applied to the text. Other instances where typographical errors have been corrected in the text are listed as follows:

Page 20, Footnote [30]: added missing closing quote and comma ('Sir Patrick Spens', a piece of literary work of the last century,...)

Page 26, stanza 13^1 changed "moo" to "moon" ('I saw the new moon late yestreen,)

Page 43: changed comma to period (et estoit roy d'Angleterre.)

Page 75, stanza 11^1: deleted erroneous comma at beginning of line (An she gid by the first table,)

Page 96, heading to ballad version I: note that the balance of the date is missing in the original (learned from his aunt at Old Deer, about 185)

Page 147, ballad version C, stanza 14: added missing open quote ('Come doon, come doon, my pretty parrot,)

Page 164, ballad version F, stanza 4: added missing open quote ('O wha is that at my bower-door,)

Page 206: initial rough breathings before Greek capitals appear to have been interpreted as opening single quotes, and the printer has supplied matching close quotes. Both quotes and rough breathing are retained (... these also have: 'Ἡ Ευγενουλα,' 'Ὁ Χαρος και ἡ Κορη,' etc.)

Page 228: changed "be wailed" to "bewailed" (is bitterly bewailed by Sigrún.)

Page 228: changed closing single quote to double quote ("hon sörjer sin fästeman ur graf,")

Page 231, ballad version C, stanza 13: added missing open quote ('It is three hell-hounds, Marjorie,' he says,)

Page 240: corrected reference "4^2" to "4^1" (So the "Sleep you, wake you" of 4^1,...)

Page 240, Footnote [135]: changed "Madder" to "Madden" (As Sir Frederick Madden has observed,...)

Page 246, heading to ballad version C changed "Roxburge" to "Roxburghe" (#d.# Roxburghe Ballads, III, 340.)

Page 284, stanza 7: added missing close single quote (And bid Fair Eleanor come?')

Page 285, heading to ballad version B: deleted comma preceding semicolon (Motherwell's MS. p. 149;)

Page 294, ballad version E, stanza 1^3: suspect question mark may be a printer's error, but is retained (His lady, in her bigly bower?)

Page 295: corrected stanza reference from "4" to "14" (14^4. the door.)

Page 356: changed "Ćelakovský" to "Čelakovský" ('The Turk duped,' Čelakovský, III, 11)

Page 366, ballad version P, stanza 4^3: added missing close single quote ('We'll nip the baby in the cradle,')

Page 346, changed "Series" to "eries" (#C.# Notes and Queries, Sixth Series,...)

Page 405, note to ballad version B: changed "are" to italic (Quhat, ze, _etc., are printed_ what, ye.)

Page 405, note on ballad version F stanza 16: italics extended to whole paragraph (16. _Given thus in Kinloch's annotated copy... ... and that of Buchan:_)

Page 406 changed "Islenzk" to "Íslenzk" ('Þiðriks kvæði konúngs,' Íslenzk fornkvæði, II, 218, No 57, st. 6;)

Page 436, stanza 55^3: changed "Ihon" to "Iohn" (Thy brother Iohn shall be a lord,)

Page 440: changed "p:" to "plate:" (20^1. siluer & plate: _see_ 22^1.)

Page 485, stanza 31^2: added missing close single quote (This fault which you've committed;')

Page 494, Footnote [187]: changed "ould" to "would" (and would have followed No 40 had I known)

Page 513, under notes on Ballad 78: original footnote reference, using "double dagger" symbol, does not exist on page 236. The inference from context is that the reference should be to Footnote [134] which originally had "dagger" symbol (236 b.... and to note [134]., Jacobs, Anthologia Græca, II,...)

Page 515: changed "8^1" to "8^2" (326, stanza 8^2. _Read_ O go please it.)

Page 515, under To be Corrected in the Print for Volume II, no instance in the text could be found corresponding to the correction for Page 352, stanza 20^2.