part 2, p. 883.

[265] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 32.

[266] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 3, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 1.

[267] Cifuentes to Charles V., Jan. 23, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 17.

[268] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 28, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 24.

[269] Cifuentes to Charles V., March 24.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 84.

[270] Ortiz to Charles V., March 24, 1534.--_Ibid._ vol. v. p. 89.

[271] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 21, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 53-54.

[272] _Haine novercule._

[273] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 26, 1534. Abridged.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 59, etc.

[274] Chapuys to Charles V., March 7, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 73.

[275] Chapuys to Charles V., March 30.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 96.

[276] Chapuys to Charles V., 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 96.

[277] Chapuys to Charles V., April 22, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 126, 127.

[278] _Ibid._ May 14, p. 151.

[279] Chapuys to Charles V., April 14, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 125-31.

[280] _Ibid._ May 21, 1534, p. 167.

[281] Chapuys to Charles V., May 14, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 153, 154.

[282] Chapuys to Charles V., May 14, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 153, 154.

[283] Chapuys to Charles V., May 19, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 155-66.

[284] Lee and Tunstall to Henry VIII., May 21, 1534.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. vii. p. 270.

[285] Chapuys to Charles V., May 29, 1534,--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 169.

[286] Thus much was certainly meant by the King's words: "He could not allow any of his native subjects to refuse to take the oath."--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. vii. p. 272.

[287] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 172.

[288] Cifuentes to Charles V., June 6, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 174 et seq.

[289] Chapuys to Charles V., June 23, 1534. Abridged.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 198-99.

[290] Chapuys to Charles V., July 27, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 219-20.

[291] Chapuys to Charles V., July 27, 1534.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. vii. p. 389.

[292] Cifuentes to Charles V., Aug. 1, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 229.

[293] Chapuys to Charles V., Aug. 11, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 243-4.

[294] Chapuys to Charles V., Aug. 29, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, p. 250.

[295] Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 24, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 294 et seq.

[296] Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 30, 1534.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. vii. p. 466; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 608.

[297] Chapuys to Charles V., Oct. 13, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 279.

[298] Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 3, 1534.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. vii. p. 519.

[299] Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 19, 1534.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 343.

[300] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 14, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 14.

[301] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 28, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 38.

[302] "Veuillant denoter par icelle, puisque n'a moyen de m'envoyer dire securement, que la saison sera propice pour jouer des cousteaulx."-- _Ibid._ Jan. 1, p. 1; and _MS. Vienna_.

[303] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 28, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 38.

[304] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 9, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. pp. 68-72.

[305] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 25, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 100.

[306] "Car estant la Royne si haultain de coeur, luy venant en fantasye, a l'appuy de la faveur de la Princesse, elle se pourroit mettre au champs et assembler force des gents et luy faire la guerre aussy hardiment que fit la Royne sa mere." Chapuys a l'Empereur, Mar. 23, 1535.--_MS. Vienna._

[307] Chapuys to Granvelle, March 23, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 432; and _MS. Vienna_.

[308] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 25, 1534.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 105.

[309] _Spanish Calendar_, Feb. 26, 1535, vol. v. p. 402.

[310] _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, Feb. 26, 1535, vol. viii. p. 106.

[311] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 421-22.

[312] Chapuys to Charles V., March 7, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. pp. 413-422.

[313] "Il me dit que vostre Majeste ne se debvoit arrester pour empescher ung si inestimable bien que produiroit en toute la Chresteanete l'union et la bonne intelligence dentre vostre Majeste et le Roi son maistre pour l'affaire des Royne et Princesse qui n'estoient que mortelles; et que ne seroit grande dommage de la morte de la dicte Princesse au pris du bien que sortiroit de la dicte union et intelligence; en quoy il me prioit vouloir considerer quand seroy seul et desoccupe." Chapuys to Charles V., March 23, 1535.--_MS. Vienna_; and _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 426. This and other of Chapuys's most important letters I transcribed myself at Vienna.

[314] "Me repliequant de nouveaulx quel dommage ou danger seroyt que la dicte Princesse feust morte oyres que le peuple en murmurast, et quelle raison auroit vostre Majeste en fayre cas."

[315] Queen Catherine to Charles V., April 8.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 197.

[316] Chapuys to Charles V., April 4, 1535.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 193.

[317] Chapuys to Granvelle, April 5, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 194 and _MS. Vienna_.

[318] Chapuys to Charles V., April 17, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 209.

[319] "Le premier estoit si Dieu vouloit visiter le Roy de quelque petite maladie." The word _petite_ implied perhaps in Chapuys's mind that Dr. Butts contemplated a disorder of which he could control the dimensions, and the word, if he used it, is at least as suspicious as Cromwell's language about Mary.

[320] "Affirmant pour tout certain qu'il y avoit une xx des principaulx Seigneurs d'Angleterre et plus de cent Chevaliers tout disposes et prests a employer personnes, biens, armes, et subjects, ayant le moindre assistance de vostre Majeste." Chapuys to Charles V., April 25, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 222; and _MS. Vienna_.

[321] Chapuys to Charles V., May 5, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 452.

[322] _Ibid._

[323] Charles V. to Chapuys, May 10, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 459.

[324] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 459.

[325] Chapuys to Charles V., May 8, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 457.

[326] Dr. Ortiz to Charles V., May 27, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 462.

[327] Chapuys to Charles V., May 23, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 280; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 465.

[328] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 484.

[329] Chapuys to Charles V., June 5, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 483.

[330] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 486.

[331] Chapuys to Charles V., June 30, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 500.

[332] The Bishop of Faenza to M. Ambrogio, June 6, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. p. 320.

[333] Examination of Fisher in the Tower, June 12, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. viii. pp. 331 et seq.

[334] News from England, July 1, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 507.

[335] Chapuys to Charles V., July 11, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 512.

[336] Cifuentes to Charles V., July 16, 1535.--_Ibid._ p. 515.

[337] _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 532.

[338] Chapuys to Charles V., July 25, 1535.--_Ibid._ vol. v. p. 518.

[339] Memorandum on the Affairs of England.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 522.

[340] _Ibid._ p. 535.

[341] Ortiz to the Empress, Sept. 1, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 84.

[342] "Cuando se viese con la Senora Reyna su hermana despues de dadas mis afectuosas encomiendas rogarle de mi parte quisiese tener mencion de my con el Christianisimo Rey su marido y hacer quanto pudiese ser, que el sea buen amigo al Rey mi Senor procurando de quitarle del pecado, en que esta." Catherine to the Regent Mary, Aug. 8, 1535.--_MS. Vienna._

[343] Chapuys to Charles V., Sept. 25, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. pp. 140-141.

[344] Chapuys to Granvelle, Sept. 25, 1535.--_Vienna MS._; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 141.

[345] The executory brief was not identical with the Bull of Deposition. The first was the final act of Catherine's process, a declaration that Henry, having disobeyed the sentence on the divorce delivered by Clement VII., was excommunicated, and an invitation to the Catholic Powers to execute the judgment by force. The second involved a claim for the Holy See on England as a fief of the Church--an intimation that the King of England had forfeited his crown and that his subjects' allegiance had reverted to their Supreme Lord. The Pope and Consistory preferred the complete judgment, as more satisfactory to themselves. The Catholic Powers objected to it for the same reason. The practical effect would be the same.

[346] Cifuentes to Charles V., Oct. 8, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 547.

[347] "Et luy supplier de la part de la Reyne, ma mere, et myenne en l'honneur de Dieu et pour aultres respects que dessus vouloit entendre et pourvoyr aux affaires dycy. En quoy fera tres agreable service a Dieu, et n'en acquerra moins de gloire qu'en la conqueste de Tunis et de toute l'affaire d'Afrique." _De la Princesse de l'Angleterre a l'Ambassadeur_, October, 1535.--_MS. Vienna_; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 559.

[348] Queen Catherine to the Pope, October 10, 1535.--_MS. Vienna._

[349] The Bishop of Tarbes to the Bailly of Troyes, October, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 187.

[350] Chapuys to Charles V., October 13, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 196.

[351] Chapuys to Granvelle, October 13, 1535.--_Ibid._ p. 199.

[352] _Ibid._ pp. 225, 228.

[353] _Spanish Calendar_, October 24, 1535, vol. v. p. 559.

[354] Ortiz to the Emperor, November 4, 1535.--_Ibid._ vol. v. p. 565.

[355] Du Bellay and the Bishop of Macon to Francis I., November 12, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 273.

[356] Froude's _History of England_, vol. ii. p. 386.

[357] Bishop of Faenza to M. Ambrogio, November 15, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 276.

[358] Charles V. to Cifuentes, November, 1535.--_Ibid._ vol. ix. p. 277.

[359] "Tout a cest instant la Marquise de Exeter m'a envoye dire que le Roy a dernierement dit a ses plus prives conseillers qu'il ne voulloit plus demeurer en les fascheuses crainctes et grevements qu'il avoit de long temps eus a cause des Royne et Princesse; et qu'il y regardassent a ce prochain Parlement l'en faire quiete, jurant bien et tres obstinement qu'il n'actendoit plus longuement de y pourvoir." Chapuys to Charles V., Nov. 6, 1535.--_MS. Vienna._

[360] "Afin que par ce moyen, perdant l'espoir de la clemence et misericorde de Vostre Majeste toute-fois fussent plus determinez a se defendre." Chapuys a l'Empereur.--_MS. Vienna_, Nov. 23.

[361] The Emperor to Chapuys.--_MS. Vienna._

[362] Chapuys to Granvelle, Nov. 21, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 290.

[363] Ortiz to the Empress, Nov. 22, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. pp. 293-4.

[364] Bishop of Faenza to M. Ambrogio, Dec. 9.--_Ibid._ vol. ix. p. 317.

[365] Cifuentes to Charles V., Nov. 30, 1535.--_Ibid._ vol. ix. p. 303.

[366] Chapuys to Charles V., Dec. 18, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 333.

[367] Cardinal du Bellay to the Cardinals of Lorraine and Tournon, Dec. 22, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. pp. 341-43.

[368] The Bishop of Faenza to M. Ambrogio, Dec. 13, 1535.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. ix. p. 326.

[369] Queen Catherine to Dr. Ortiz, Dec. 13, 1535.--_Ibid._ vol. ix. p. 325.

[370] Queen Catherine to Charles V., Dec. 13, 1535.--_MS. Vienna._

[371] The Emperor to Thomas Cromwell, Dec. 13, 1535.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. ix. p. 588.

[372] "Et que vostre Ma{te} luy avoit use de la plus grande ingratitude que l'on scauroit dire, solicitant a l'appetit d'une femme tant de choses contre luy, que luy avoit faict innumerables maux et fascheries, et de telle importance, que vostre Ma{te} par menasses et force avoit faict donner la sentence contre luy, comme le mesme Pape l'avoit confesse." Chapuys a l'Empereur, Dec. 30, 1535.--_MS. Vienna_; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. p. 595.

[373] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 21, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, p. 18.

[374] "Je demanday par plusieurs fois au medecin s'il y avoit quelque soubcon de venin. Il me dict qu'il s'en doubtoit, car depuys qu'elle avoit beu d'une cervise de Galles elle n'avoit fait bien; et qu'il failloit que ne fust poison termine et artificeux, car il ne veoit les signes de simple et pur venin." Chapuys a l'Empereur, Jan. 9, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 22.

[375] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 9 and Jan. 21, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, pp. 2-10.

[376] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 21, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 47.

[377] Chapuys to Charles V., Jan. 21 and Jan. 29.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, pp. 10-26.

[378] "L'on m'a dicte que la Concubine consoloit ses demoiselles qui pleuroient, leur disant que c'estoit pour le mieulx, car elle en seroit tant plus tost enceinte, et que le fils qu'elle pourterait ne seroit dubieulx comme fust este icelle, estant concen du vivant de la Royne." Chapuys to Granvelle, Feb. 25, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 135.

[379] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb, 17, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 116.

[380] Charles V. to the Emperor, Feb. 1, 1536.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, p. 33.

[381] Report of the Privy Council of Spain, Feb. 26, 1536.--_Ibid._ p. 60.

[382] _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 224.

[383] Chapuys to Charles V., Feb. 25, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. pp. 131 et seq.

[384] "Et aussy quant a l'auctorite de l'Eglise Anglicane l'on pourroit persuader au Roy que la chose se appoineteroit a son honnneur, proufit, et bien du royaulme."

[385] _I. e._ as part of it. Charles V. to Chapuys, March 28, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. pp. 224 et seq.; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, pp. 71 et seq. There are some differences in the translations in the two Calendars. When I refer to the MS. at Vienna I use copies made there by myself.

[386] Chapuys to Charles V., April 1, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 243.

[387] Chapuys to Charles V., April 1, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 242.

[388] _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, June 2, 1536, vol. x. pp. 428 et seq.

[389] Chapuys to Charles V., April 21, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. pp. 287 et seq.; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, pp. 85 et seq.

[390] April 21.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic._

[391] Henry VIII. to Pate, April 25, 1536. Abridged.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 306.

[392] "Et que a luy avoit este l'auctorite de descouvrir et parachever les affairs de la dicte Concubine, en quoy il avoit eu une merveilleuse pene; et que sur le desplesir et courroux qu'il avoit eu sur le reponse que le Roy son maistre m'avoit donne le tiers jour de Pasques il se mit a fantasier et conspirer le dict affaire," etc. Chapuys to Charles V., June 6, 1536.--_MS. Vienna_; _Spanish Calendar_, vol. v. part 2, p. 137. From the word "conspirer" it has been inferred that the accusation of Anne and her accomplices was a conspiracy of Cromwell's, got up in haste for an immediate political purpose. Cromwell must have been marvellously rapid, since within four days he was able to produce a case to lay before a Special Commission composed of the highest persons in the realm assisted by the Judges, involving the Queen and a still powerful faction at the court. We are to believe, too, that he had the inconceivable folly to acknowledge it to Chapuys, the most dangerous person to whom such a secret could be communicated. Cromwell was not an idiot, and it is impossible that in so short a time such an accumulation of evidence could have been invented and prepared so skilfully as to deceive the Judges.

[393] _Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, June 2, vol. x. p. 428.

[394] Daughter of Sir Anthony Brown, Master of the Horse.

[395] John Husee to Lady Lisle, May 24, 1536.--_Calendar, Foreign and Domestic_, vol. x. p. 397.

[396] Chapuys to Charles V., April 29.--_Spanish Calendar_, p. 105.

[397] _Ibid._

[398] _History of England_, vol. ii. p. 454.

[399] Chapuys to Charles V., May 19, 1536.--_Spanish Calendar_, vol. v.