The Development of the Feeling for Nature in the Middle Ages and Modern Times

The eighteenth century, so proudly distinguished as the century of Frederic the Great and Maria Theresa, Kant and Lessing, Rousseau and Voltaire, the age of enlightenment, and,...

The Middle Ages employed its best intellectual power in solving the problems of man's relation to God and the Redeemer, his moral vocation, and his claim to the Kingdom of the b...

In a certain sense all times are transitional to those who live in them, since what is old is always in process of being destroyed and giving way to the new. But there are landm...

In the development and maturing of the race, as of the individual, nothing is more helpful than contact with foreign elements, people of other manners, thoughts, and feelings. I...

Rousseau was one of those rare men who bring about a complete change in the culture of their time by their revolutionary originality. In such beings the world's history, so to s...

If we were to collect the pearls from the courtly and knightly poetry of all the countries of the West during the two preceding centuries, we should have a mass of wonderful div...

The heart came into its rights again and laid claim to absolute dominion in its kingdom, and regret that it had lain so long deprived of its own, gave rise to a tearful pensiven...

Many decades passed before German feeling for Nature reached the heights attained by the Italian Renaissance and the Netherland landscapists. In the Middle Ages, Germany was eng...

The poetry of India may serve as a measure of the part which Nature can play in drama; it is full of comparisons and personifications, and eloquent expressions of intimate sympa...

It is refreshing to find, side by side with these mummified productions, the traces of a pure national poetry flowing clear as ever, 'breaking forth from the very heart of the p...

The indispensable condition of landscape-painting--painting, that is, which raises the representation of Nature to the level of its main subject and paints her entirely for her...

When the heathen world had outlived its faculties, and its creative power had failed, it sank into the ocean of the past--a sphinx, with her riddle guessed,--and mediæval civili...

[Footnote 5: J.G. Sulzer's _Unterredungen über die Schönheit der Nätur nebst desselben moralischen Betrachtungen über besondere Gegenstände der Naturlehre_ is typical. Charites...

Look round thee, Sylvia; behold All in the world that's amiable and fair Is love's sweet work: heaven loves, the earth, the sea, Are full of love and own his mighty sway. Love t...

[Footnote 1: I have obtained much information and suggestion from '_Ueber die geographische Kenntnis der Alpen im Mittelalter_,' and '_Ueber die Alpine Reiselitteratur in fruher...

'In spring the Cydmian apple trees give blossom watered by river streams in the hallowed garden of the nymphs; in spring the buds grow and swell beneath the leafy shadow of the...

And callest thou sweet spring-time The time of rage and enmity, Which breathing now and smiling, Reminds the whole creation, The animal, the human, Of loving! Dost thou see not...

[Footnote 12: Fred Cohn, '_Die Gärten in alter und neuer Zeit,' D. Rundschau_ 18, 1879. In Italy in the sixteenth century there was a change to this extent, that greenery was no...

[Footnote 5: Comp., too, iv. 5: 'Die ihr alles hört und saget, Luft and Forst und Meer durchjaget; Echo, Sonne, Mond, und Wind, Sagt mir doch, wo steckt mein Kind?'

[Footnote 3: _Il viaggio di Giovan Leone e Le Navagazioni, di Aloise da Mosto. di Pietro, di Cintra. di Anxone, di un Piloto Portuguese e di Vasco di Gama quali si leggono nella...

Geschäfte Zwang und Grillen Entweihn nicht diese Trift; Ich finde hier im Stillen Des Unmuts Gegengift. Es webet, wallt, und spielet, Das Laub um jeden Strauch, Und jede Staude...

[Footnote 8: In his paper 'Kulturgeschichte und Naturwissenschaft' (_Deutsche Rundschau_, vol. xiii.), which is full both of original ideas and of exaggerated summary opinions,...

Gatterer Gellert Gerhard, Paul Gervinus Gessner, Conrad Gessner, Salomon Giorgione Gleim Goethe Gogen Gottfried v. Strassburg Gozzoli Grasser Gregory Nazianzen Gregory of Nyssa...

[Footnote 10: In what follows, I have borrowed largely from Rosenberg's interesting writings (_Greuzboten_, Nos. 43 and 44, 1884-85), and still more from Schnaase, Falke, and Ca...

[Footnote 10: 'Detailed study of Nature had begun; but the attempt to blend the separate elements into a background landscape in perspective betrayed the insecurity and constrai...

Paracelsus Patenir Paul, Jean, Paul, St Paulinus of Nola Perdiccas Peter Martyr Petrarch Pfintzing Phidias Philip of Macedon Phokas Pico della Mirandola Pierre, B. de St Pindar...

Schaller Scherr Scheuchzer Schickhart Schiller Scipio Africanus Scott Seneca Shaftesbury Shakespeare, Shelley, Sidney Simonides Socrates Sophocles Southey Southwell Spalding Spe...

Bernhard v. Clairvaux Bernhard v. Hildesheim Bernhard v. Ventadour Bertran de Born Birgitta Blair de Bles Boccaccio Boecklin Boehme Boetius Boie Bojardo Bonaventura Boucher Bout...

[Footnote 2: _Hamlet_, i. 3: 'The canker galls the infants of the spring too oft before their buttons be disclosed.' Comp. i. 1; _Romeo and Juliet_, i. 1; _Henry VI._, part 2, i...