i. 117;

mode of life of, i. 246.

_Estrelda amandava_, pugnacity of the male, ii. 49.

_Eubagis_, sexual differences of colouring in the species of, i. 389.

_Euchirus longimanus_, sound produced by, i. 381.

_Eudromias morinellus_, ii. 203.

_Eulampis jugularis_, colours of the female, ii. 168.

EULER, on the rate of increase in the United States, i. 131.

_Eumomota superciliaris_, racket-shaped feathers in the tail of, ii. 73.

_Eupetomena macroura_, colours of the female, ii. 168.

_Euphema splendida_, ii. 174.

_Euplocamus erythropthalmus_, possession of spurs by the female, ii. 46.

_Euploea midamas_, mimickry of, by the female of _Diadema anomala_, i. 413.

EUROPE, ancient inhabitants of, i. 237.

EUROPEANS, difference of, from Hindoos, i. 240; hairiness of, probably due to reversion, ii. 378.

_Eurostopodus_, sexes of, ii. 206.

_Eurygnathus_, different proportions of the head in the sexes of, i. 344.

_Eustephanus_, sexual differences of species of, ii. 39; young of, ii. 220.

EXAGGERATION of natural characters by man, ii. 351.

EXOGAMY, ii. 360, 364.

EXPRESSION, resemblances in, between man and the apes, i. 191.

EXTINCTION of races, causes of, i. 238.

EYE, destruction of the, i. 116; change of position in, i. 147; obliquity of, regarded as a beauty by the Chinese and Japanese, ii. 345.

EYEBROWS, elevation of, i. 19; development of long hairs in, i. 25; in monkeys, i. 192; eradicated in parts of South America and Africa, ii. 340; eradication of, by the Indians of Paraguay, ii. 348.

EYELIDS, coloured black, in part of Africa, ii. 339.

EYELASHES, eradication of, by the Indians of Paraguay, ii. 348.

EYES, difference in the colour of, in the sexes of birds, ii. 128; pillared, of the male of _Chloeon_, i. 341.

EYTON, T. C., observations on the development of the horns in the fallow-deer, i. 288.

EYZIES, Les, human remains from, i. 237.

F.

FABRE, M., on the habits of _Cerceris_, i. 364.

FACIAL bones, causes of modification of the, i. 147.

FACULTIES, mental, variation of, in the same species, i. 36; diversity of, in the same race of men, i. 109; inheritance of, i. 110; diversity of, in animals of the same species, i. 110; of birds, ii. 108.

FAKIRS, Indian, tortures undergone by, i. 96.

_Falco leucocephalus_, ii. 214.

_Falco peregrinus_, ii. 104, 179.

_Falco tinnunculus_, ii. 109.

FALCON, peregrine, new mate found by, ii. 104.

FALCONER, H., on the mode of fighting of the Indian elephant, ii. 257; on canines in a female deer, ii. 258; on _Hyomoschus aquaticus_, ii. 304.

FALKLAND islands, horses of, i. 236.

FALLOW-DEER, different coloured herds of, ii. 295.

FAMINES, frequency of, among savages, i. 333.

FARR, Dr., on the structure of the uterus, i. 123; on the effects of profligacy, i. 173; on the influence of marriage on mortality, i. 175.

FARRAR, F. W., on the origin of language, i. 56; on the crossing or blending of languages, i. 60; on the absence of the idea of God in certain races of men, i. 65; on early marriages of the poor, i. 173; on the middle ages, i. 178.

FASHIONS, long prevalence of, among savages, ii. 343, 352.

FAYE, Prof., on the numerical proportion of male and female births in Norway and Russia, i. 301; on the greater mortality of male children at and before birth, i. 302.

FEATHERS, modified, producing sounds, ii. 63 _et seqq._, 163; elongated, in male birds, ii. 72, 97; racket-shaped, ii. 73; barbless and with filamentous barbs in certain birds, ii. 74; shedding of margins of, ii. 85.

FEEDING, high, probable influence of, in the pairing of birds of different species, ii. 115.

FEET, modification of, in man, i. 141; thickening of the skin on the soles of the, i. 118.

_Felis canadensis_, throat-ruff of, ii. 267.

_Felis pardalis_ and _F. mitis_, sexual differences in the colouring of, ii. 287.

FEMALE, behaviour of the, during courtship, i. 273.

FEMALE birds, differences of, ii. 193.

FEMALES, presence of rudimentary male organs in, i. 208; preference of, for certain males, i. 262; pursuit of, by males, i. 272; occurrence of secondary sexual characters in, i. 276; development of male characters by, i. 280.

FEMALES and males, comparative mortality of, while young, i. 264, 276; comparative numbers of, i. 261, 263.

FEMUR and tibia, proportions of, in the Aymara Indians, i. 119.

FERGUSON, Mr., on the courtship of fowls, ii. 118.

FERTILIZATION, phenomena of, in plants, i. 273; in the lower animals, i. 274.

FEVERS, immunity of Negroes and Mulattoes from, i. 243.

_Fiber zibethicus_, protective colouring of, ii. 298.

FIDELITY of savages to one another, i. 95; importance of, i. 162.

FIELD-SLAVES, difference of, from house-slaves, i. 246.

FIJIANS, burying their old and sick parents alive, i. 77; estimation of the beard among the, ii. 349; admiration of, for a broad occiput, ii. 352.

FIJI Islands, beards of the natives, ii. 322, 349; marriage-customs of the, ii. 373.

FILIAL affection, partly the result of natural selection, i. 81.

FILUM terminale, i. 30.

FINCH, racket-shaped feathers in the tail of a, ii. 73.

FINCHES, spring change of colour in, ii. 85; British, females of the, ii. 193.

FINGERS, partially coherent, in species of _Hylobates_, i. 140.

FINLAYSON, on the Cochin Chinese, ii. 345.

FIRE, use of, i. 137, 183, 234.

FISCHER, on the pugnacity of the male of _Lethrus cephalotes_, i. 376.

FISH, proportion of the sexes in, i. 307; eagerness of male, i. 272.

FISHES, kidneys of, represented by Corpora Wolffiana in the human embryo, i. 16; male, hatching ova in their mouths, i. 210; receptacles for ova possessed by, i. 254; relative size of the sexes in, ii. 7; freshwater, of the tropics, ii. 17; protective resemblances in, ii. 18; nest-building, ii. 19; spawning of, ii. 19; sounds produced by, ii. 23, 331; continued growth of, ii. 216.

_Flexor pollicis longus_, similar variation of, in man, i. 129.

FLINT tools, i. 183.

FLINTS, difficulty of chipping into form, i. 138.

FLORIDA, _Quiscalus major_ in, i. 307.

FLOUNDER, coloration of the, ii. 18.

FLOWER, W. H., on the abductor of the fifth metatarsal in apes,