Chapter 7

REASON

Definition of reason--Origin of instincts--Instances of intelligent ratiocination--In the bee--The wasp--The ant--Mental degeneration in ants occasioned by the habit of keeping slaves--The honey-making ant filling an artificial trench--Other evidences of reason in the insect --_Termes_--Division of labor--The king and queen--Bravery of soldier ants--Overseer and laborers--Blind impulse and intelligent ideation --Harvester ants--Their habits and intelligence--Their presence in Arkansas believed to be unique--Animals able to count--This faculty present in the mason wasps--Experiments--Certain birds able to count --Also dogs and mules--Cat recognizing the lapse of time--Monkey's ability in computing--Huber's experiment with glass slip and bees --Kirby and Spence's comment--Summary. 147