Chapter XXVII. Armand Trousseau, one of the last 265
of France’s Great Clinical Teachers
List of the More Important Authorities Consulted 271
General Index 277
Footnotes 300
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Portrait of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, the French Frontispiece chemist and biologist who contributed more than anyone else to our knowledge of the chemistry and physiology of oxygen. (Copied from the frontispiece of Volume I of Lavoisier’s “Works,” published by the French Government in 1864.)
Loudun. This photograph, which was taken from one 4 of the highest points in the village of Loudun, shows its elevated position above the surrounding country and affords a bird’s-eye view of the adjacent river, the Martray. (Courtesy of Monsieur le Pasteur Paul Barnaud, of Sainte Foy la Grande [Gironde], France.)
Cardinal Duc de Richelieu. (From a portrait 6 engraved on copper by Nanteuil in 1655.)
Statue of Théophraste Renaudot at Loudun, France. 8 (Courtesy of Monsieur le Pasteur Paul Barnaud, of Sainte Foy la Grande [Gironde], France.)
Hufeland. (From Eugen Hollaender’s “_Medizin und 28 Plastik_,” by permission.)
Albrecht von Haller 34
Vignette from the title-page of Haller’s 36 “_Elementa Physiologiae_,” Lausanne, 1757
Gerard Freyherr Van Swieten 60
Medal commemorating the discovery of vaccination. 108 (From Eugen Hollaender’s “_Medizin und Plastik_,” by permission.)
Edward Jenner. (Copied from Thomas J. Pettigrew’s 110 “Medical Portrait Gallery,” London, 1838. The original portrait was painted by Sir Thomas Lawrence, Royal Academy.)
Sir Astley Cooper. (Copied from a print in the 136 possession of the New York Academy of Medicine.)
William Hunter. (Copied from Thomas J. Pettigrew’s 140 “Medical Portrait Gallery,” Fisher & Son, London, 1838. The original portrait was painted by Pyne; the engraving was done by J. Thomson.)
John Hunter. (Copied from Thomas J. Pettigrew’s 144 “Medical Portrait Gallery,” London, 1838. The original portrait was painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds; the engraving was done by G. H. Adcock.)
Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, Bart., F.R.S., 148 Sergeant Surgeon to the Queen. (Copied from Thomas J. Pettigrew’s “Medical Portrait Gallery,” London, 1838. The original portrait was painted by H. Room; the engraving was done by J. Brain.)
Sir Charles Bell. (Copied from a print in the 154 possession of the New York Academy of Medicine.)
Bichat 162
Costume worn by Paris physicians in the eighteenth 172 century. (From Alfred Franklin’s “_La Vie Privée d’Autrefois_,” Paris, 1892.)
Gaspard Laurent Bayle 182
A candidate for the degree of “Doctor of Medicine” 184 defending his thesis before the examining committee of the Paris Faculty of Medicine. (From “_La Vie Universitaire_,” Paris, 1918.)
Corvisart. (Copied from an old French print in the 188 possession of the New York Academy of Medicine.)
Laënnec. (Copied from an old French print in the 196 possession of the New York Academy of Medicine.)
The _Faculté de Médecine_ and the Cathedral at 198 Montpellier, France. (Courtesy of Monsieur le Pasteur Paul Barnaud, of Sainte Foy la Grande [Gironde], France.)
The “Court of Honor” of the _Faculté de Médecine_ 200 at Montpellier, France. (Courtesy of Monsieur le Pasteur Paul Barnaud, of Sainte Foy la Grande [Gironde], France.)
Montpellier. Vestibule of the _Faculté de 202 Médecine_ at Montpellier, France. (Courtesy of Monsieur le Pasteur Paul Barnaud, of Sainte Foy la Grande [Gironde], France.)
Charles A. P. Louis 204
Broussais 208
Jean-Louis Petit 216
Dupuytren 226
Desgenettes 242
Baron Larrey 244
Eighteenth-century plan showing the relations of 258 the Paris _École de Médecine_ to _Hôtel-Dieu_, the Cathedral of Nôtre Dame and the River Seine. (Reduced copy of the cut printed in Franklin’s “_La Vie Privée d’Autrefois_,” Paris, 1892.)
Side of the Paris _Faculté de Médecine_ which 260 fronts on the _Rue de l’École de Médecine_. (From “_La Vie Universitaire_.”)
View of the former _École de Médecine_ since it 260 has been incorporated with the new structures of the _Faculté de Médecine_. (From _“La Vie Universitaire.”_)
Musée Dupuytren. Formerly the refectory of the 260 Convent of the Cordeliers (Franciscans), in the fifteenth century. (From “_La Vie Universitaire_.”)
Device of the _École de Médecine de Paris_. 262 (Adopted by the Faculty in 1597.) (Three storks, each holding a twig of origanum in its beak; and at the top of the design the motto “_Urbi et Orbi Salus_” [Health to the City and to all the World].)
Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris. Planned and drawn by 264 Claude Chatillon, architect, in 1608. (Copied from Tenon’s “_Mémoires sur les Hôpitaux de Paris_,” Paris, 1816; reduced about one-half.)
Trousseau 266
Velpeau. A contemporary of Trousseau and one of 268 France’s most distinguished surgeons. (Copied from a print in the possession of Transylvania College, Lexington, Kentucky.)