Part 5

_Shell._ Transverse, equivalve, valves approximate and close; three primary teeth in the right valve, and a single bifid tooth in the left, inserted into a cavity in the opposite one; no lateral teeth; ligament external and on the short side, as in Donax, from which it was separated by Lamarck, on account of the peculiarity of the hinge, inhabits the Indian Ocean. Three species.

Capsa levigata. C. Braziliensis. C. Donaoides.

10. Genus _Crassina_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Distinguished from the Venus by having only two teeth on each valve, and from the crasatella by the position of the ligament; solid, suborbicular, thick, hinge with two strong diverging primary teeth in the right valve, and two unequal ones on the other; ligament external. Inhabits the Scottish and Devonshire coasts. One species.

Crassina Danmoniensis.

FAMILY IX.

CONCHACEA. Seven Genera.

This family is divided into _Conchæ Marinæ_, and _Conchæ Fluviatiles_.

CONCHÆ MARINÆ. Four Genera.

1. _Cyprina._ Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Thick, oval, foot compressed, falciform, geniculated mantle closed behind, and pierced by two oval apertures with cirrous edges: no veritable tubes.

_Shell._ With epidermis; thick, regular, substriated longitudinally, sub-cordiform, equivalved, inequilateral; summits strongly flexed to the front and often contiguous; hinge thick, subsimilar, formed by three slightly converging cardinal teeth, and by a posterior lateral tooth, sometimes obsolete; ligament very thick; muscular impressions distant, subcircular, and united by a narrow marginal band. Inhabits the Atlantic Ocean and British seas. Two living species. Seven fossil.

Cyprina tennistria. C. Icelandica.

2. Genus _Cytherea_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Oval or round, generally but little compressed; edges of the mantle undulous, and garnished with tentacular cirri in one row; foot considerable, compressed, trenchant, in other respects diversiform; tubes tolerably elongated, and most usually united; mouth small; labial appendages quite small; branchiæ wide, short, free, or not united either with one another or with those of the opposite side.

_Shell._ Solid, equivalve, regular, inequilateral; summits equal, reflexed, and slightly projecting; four primary teeth on one valve, of which three are divergent, and approximating at the base, and one remote—this circumstance easily distinguishing it from the Venus. On the other valve are three primary divergent teeth with a distant cavity parallel with the edge. Inhabits the British, Mediterranean, and American seas. Eighty-three living species. Nine fossil.

Cytherea petechialis. C. morphina. C. Castanea. C. casta. C. lusoria. C. graphica. C. impudica. C. purpurata. C. zonaria. C. tigrina. C. pulicaris. C. numulina. C. abbreviata. C. pectinata. C. flexuosa. C. ranella. C. lunularis. C. divaricata. C. corbicula. C. meretrix. C. tripla. C. erycina. C. impar. C. Guiniensis. C. pectoralis. C. Arabica. C. Florida. C. immaculata. C. Chione. C. hepatica. C. citrina. C. lactea. C. lata. C. lincta. C. trigonella. C. prostrata. C. Hebræa. C. tigerina. C. ornata. C. umbonella. C. castrensis. C. picta. C. scripta. C. mixta. C. muscaria. C. plicatina. C. dentaria. C. nodulosa. C. cuneata. C. lunaris. C. placunella. C. cygnus. C. juvenilis. C. gigantea. C. Venetiana. C. lilacina. C. rufa. C. erycinella. C. Dione. C. planatella. C. trimaculata. C. nitidula. C. pellucida. C. maculata. C. lucinalis. C. albina. C. exoleta. C. mactroides. C. concentrica. C. sulcatina. C. interrupta. C. punctata. C. undatina. C. gibbia. C. macrodon. C. testudinalis. C. rugifera. C. aspergata. C. squamosa. C. cardilla.

· · · · ·

C. occulta.* C. callosa.* C. crassatelloides.*

3. Genus _Venus_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Solid, thick, regular, perfectly equivalved and close, more or less inequilateral; summits well marked and inclined to the front; hinge subsimilar; the middle cardinal tooth forked, or three cardinal teeth more or less contiguous and convergent towards the summits; ligament thick, often arcuated, convex, exterior; two distant muscular impressions; cordiform depressions beneath the beaks. Inhabits the British and American seas. One hundred living species. Nine fossil.

Venus reticulata. V. rugosa. V. corbis. V. crebiscula. V. discina. V. cancellata. V. marica. V. sulcaria. V. cardivides. V. texturata. V. elliptica. V. rariflamma. V. mercenaria. V. pullastra. V. gallina. V. truncata. V. pectinula. V. anomala. V. lamellata. V. exilis. V. rufa. V. Scotica. V. hiantina. V. virginea. V. corugata. V. ovulæa. V. papilionacea. V. callipyga. V. punctifera V. nebulosa V. literata Venus floridella. V. aphrodina. V. pulchella. V. aphrodinoides. V. tristis. V. flammea. V. puerpera. V. verrucosa. V. pygmæa. V. casina. V. crenulata. V. plicata. V. granulata. V. pectorina. V. cingulata. V. textilis. V. grisea. V. geographica. V. Dombeii. V. decussata. V. lagopus. V. glandina. V. gallinula. V. retifera. V. sulcata. V. galactites. V. exalbida. V. scalarina. V. dorsata. V. aurea. V. crassisulca. V. carneola. V. petalina. V. cornularis. V. adspersa. V. opima. V. turgida. V. flammiculata. V. strigosa. V. Perronii. V. elegantina. V. undulosa. V. vermiculosa. V. vulvina. V. marmorata. V. Malabarica. V. laterisulca. V. subrostrata. V. phaseolina. V. Florida. V. bicolor. V. catenifera. V. sinuosa. V. rimularis. V. ovata. V. pumila. V. inquinata.

· · · · ·

V. notata.* V. præparea.* V. elevata.* V. inequalis.* V. castanea.* V. Nuttallii* V. staminea.* V. Californica.* V. lamellifera.* V. Mortoni.*

4. Genus _Venericardia_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Nearly as above.

_Shell._ Suborbicular, inequilateral, equivalve, sides having usually longitudinally rayed ribs; hinge with two oblique cardinal teeth in each valve, turned in the same direction. Five living species. Ten fossil species.

Venericardia Australis. V. imbricata. V. flammea. V. Tankervillii. V. crassicosta.

CONCHÆ FLUVIATILES. Three Genera.

5. Genus _Cyclas_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Body oval, thick; edges of the mantle simple; tubes short and united; foot wide, compressed at base, and terminated by a sort of leg or appendage.

The shells of this genus are very small, found buried in the mud of fresh waters; summits never eroded, but some species are so thin as to be transparent.

_Shell._ With an epidermis, oval, or suborbicular, regular, equivalved, inequilateral; summits obtuse, contiguous or turned anteriorly; hinge similar, complex, formed by a slightly variable number of cardinal teeth, and by two separated lateral teeth with a pit at the base; ligament exterior, posterior, and inflated; two distant muscular impressions, united by a faintly marked abdominal band, and without posterior excavation. Fifteen species.

Cyclas cornea. C. obliqua. C. obtusalis. C. Australis. C. striatina. C. rivicola. C. lacustris. C. calyculata. C. fontinalis. C. sulcata.

· · · · ·

C. Sarratogea.* C. Rhomboidea.* C. similis.* C. Partumeia.* C. dubia.*

6. Genus _Cyrena_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Rounded and trigonal, ventricose, inequilateral; hinge with three teeth on each valve; two lateral teeth, one of which is near the primary ones; ligament exterior, situated on the largest side. The apices are always eroded or carious in shells of this genus. Inhabits the rivers of China. One is found on the coast of Carolina. Ten living species. One fossil.

Cyrena orientalis. C. depressa. C. fuscata. C. violacea. C. Ceylonica. C. trigonella. C. cor. C. fluminea. C. Bengalensis.

· · · · ·

C. Caroliniensis.*

7. Genus _Galathea_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Equivalve, subtrigonal, covered with a greenish epidermis; the surface beneath is white, with several violet streaks radiating from the summit to the margin; two furrowed cardinal teeth upon one valve, three upon the other, the middle one being largest and callous; muscular impressions double and lateral. Inhabits the rivers of Ceylon. One species.

Galathea radiata.

FAMILY X.

CARDIACEA. Five Genera.

1. Genus _Cardium_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Body somewhat inflated; mantle edged with tentacular cirri in all its inferior part; tubes united, of moderate size, and provided with cirri at the extremity; mouth transverse, very wide, with moderate labial appendages; foot very large, cylindrical, somewhat inclined anteriorly; branchiæ thick, rather small, especially the external laminæ: the internal united in all their extent.

_Shell._ Inflated, equivalve, sub-cordiform (when viewed anteriorly, usually costated from the apex to the circumference); summits very evident, but slightly flexed to the front; hinge complex, similar, formed of two oblique, conical cardinal teeth, and of two distant lateral teeth, upon each valve; ligament dorsal, posterior and very short. Inhabits the European and American seas. Fifty-seven living species. Fourteen fossil.

Cardium indicum. C. Asiaticum. C. fimbriatum. C. aculeatum. C. tuberculatum. C. apertum. C. bullatum. C. echinatum. C. biradiatum. C. pectinatum. C. isocardium. C. angulatum. C. serratum. C. costatum. C. ringens. C. tennicostatum. C. psudolima. C. crinaceum. C. Basilianum. C. papyraceum. C. ciliare. C. levigatum. C. eolicum. C. elongatum. C. rugosum. C. unedo. C. medinum. C. tumotiferum. C. retusum. C. rusticum. C. Greendlandicum. C. crenulatum. C. minotum. C. scobinatum. C. cardissum. C. inversum. C. ventricosum. C. obtusum. C. fragum. C. lineatum. C. edule. C. latum. C. exigunum. C. rosenum. C. hemicardium. C. Junoniæ. C. muricatum. C. marmoreum. C. sulcatum. C. cifidium.

· · · · ·

C. Mortonii.* C. substriatum.* C. Nuttallii.* C. Californianum.* C. quadragenarium.* C. Pennulatum.* C. pubescens.*

2. Genus _Cardita_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Body suborbicular, terminated superiorly by a sort of hook; mantle but little open; foot terminated at its extremity by a part much narrower than the base; superior lobes of the branchiæ very short.

_Shell._ Thick, solid, equivalve, more or less inequilateral; summit dorsal always much flexed anteriorly; hinge similar, formed by two oblique teeth, one short, cardinal or apicial, the other postapicial, long, lamellous and arcuated; ligament elongated, subexterior and inserted; two very distinct muscular impressions, united by a palleal band, narrow and semicircular. Inhabits the Mediterranean and American seas. Twenty-three living species. Four fossil.

Cardita Ajar. C. squamosa. C. crassicosta. C. calyculata. C. nodulosa. C. trapezia. C. sulcata. C. turgida. C. phrenetica. C. rufescens. C. subaspera. C. intermedia. C. depressa. C. sinuata. C. citrina. C. orbularis. C. bicolor. C. concamerata. C. aviculina. C. sublevigata. C. lithophagella.

· · · · ·

C. borealis.* C. incrassata.*

3. Genus _Cypricardia_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Obliquely elongated, equivalve, inequilateral; valves striated, not ribbed; distinguished from the Cardita by having three teeth beneath the apices, and a callous lengthened tooth or ridge. Inhabits the coast of Guinea and California. Five living species. Three fossil.

Cypricardia angulata. C. Guinaica. C. coralliophaga. C. rostrata.

· · · · ·

C. Californica.*

4. Genus _Hiatella_. Pl. VII.

_Animal._ Unknown.

_Shell._ Thin, elongated, subrhomboidal, equivalve, very inequilateral, gaping at its inferior edge, and at its posterior extremity; summit very anterior, and much flexed to the front; hinge formed of a single tooth upon one valve corresponding to an emargination in the opposite valve, or of a small tooth with a cardinal pit upon each valve; ligament exterior and dorsal. Inhabits the British seas. Two species.

Hiatella Arctica. H. biaperta.

5. Genus _Isocardia_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Body very thick: edges of the mantle finely papillaceous, separated inferiorly, and united behind by a transverse band, pierced with two orifices surrounded with radiating papillæ; foot small, compressed, trenchant.

_Shell._ Free, regular, inflated, equivalve, very inequilateral, with diverging summits, strongly flexed anteriorly and outwardly, in a commencing spiral, hinge dorsal, long, similar, formed of two flat cardinal teeth and one lamellous behind the ligament; ligament dorsal, exterior, diverging anteriorly towards the summit; muscular impressions very distant and small. Inhabits the Mediterranean and British seas. Four living species. One fossil.

Isocardia Moltikana. I. retusum. I. cor. I. semisulcata.

FAMILY XI.

ARCACEA. Four Genera.

1. Genus _Arca_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Body thick, slightly variable in form; abdomen provided with a pedunculated foot, compressed, fit for adhesion, and cleft throughout its extent; mantle supplied with a simple row of cirri and slightly prolonged posteriorly; buccal tentacula very small and very thin.

_Shell._ Somewhat diversiform, but most usually elongated and more or less oblique at the posterior extremity, often very inequilateral; summits more or less distant and little flexed to the front; hinge anomalous, straight, or a little flexed, long, and formed by a line of short vertical teeth, decreasing from the extremities to the centre; ligament exterior, wide, nearly as much before as behind the summit; two muscular impressions united by a band or palleal impression, not very distinct. Inhabits the American and British seas. Forty-one living species. Nine fossil.

Arca semitorta. A. tetragona. A. sinuata. A. cardissa. A. retusa. A. ovata. A. scapha. A. fusca. A. Domingensis. A. trapezina. A. inequivalvis. A. tortuosa. A. Noæ. A. umbonata. A. avellana. A. ventricosa. A. sulcata. A. Helbingii. A. barbata. A. Magellanica. A. pisolina. A. callifera. A. bisulcata. A. senilis. A. auriculata. A. Cayennensis. A. antiquata. A. Braziliana. A. lactea. A. cancellaria. A. irudina. A. rhombea. A. corbicula. A. Indica. A. granosa. A. squamosa. A. pistachia.

· · · · ·

A. ponderosa.* A. pexata.* A. incongrua.* A. transversa.*

2. Genus _Cucullæa_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Trapeziform, inequilateral, equivalve, heart-shaped; beaks far apart, separated by the angular groove of the ligament, which is altogether external; hinge linear, straight, with small transverse teeth, having at its extremity from two to five parallel ribs; valves minutely striated longitudinally; margins crenulated. The Cucullæa is distinguished from the Arca by the muscular impression, to one side of which is an auriform testaceous appendage; the shell also is more trapeziform. Inhabits the Indian ocean. One living species. One fossil.

Cucullæa auriculifera.

3. Genus _Pectunculus_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Body round, more or less compressed; mantle without cirri or tubes; foot securiform, cleft at its inferior anterior edge; buccal appendages linear.

_Shell._ Orbicular, equivalve, subequilateral; summit nearly vertical, and more or less distant; hinge formed upon each valve, of a numerous series of small teeth disposed in a curved line, sometimes interrupted beneath the summit; ligament as in Arca, but usually much narrower. Inhabits the British and Mediterranean seas. Twenty-two living species. Nine fossil.

Pectunculus pilosus. P. marmoratus. P. Pennaceus. P. castaneus. P. angulatus. P. palleus. P. zonalis. P. glycimeris. P. undulatus. P. scriptus. P. stellatus. P. violacescens. P. aggregatus. P. striatularis. P. pectinatus. P. rubeus. P. pectiniformis. P. nummarius. P. radiatus. P. vitreus. P. inscriptus. P. cinerosus.

4. Genus _Nucula_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Body subtriquetral; mantle open in its inferior half only, with whole edges, denticulated throughout the extent of the back, without posterior prolongation; foot very large, thin at the root, enlarged into a wide oval disk, the edges of which are furnished with tentacular digitations; anterior buccal appendages, pretty long, pointed, stiff, and applied one against the other like jaws; the posterior ones also stiff and vertical.

_Shell._ More or less thick, subtriquetral, equivalved, inequilateral, with summits contiguous and inclined anteriorly; hinge similar, formed by a numerous series of very sharp teeth, pectinated and arranged in a line interrupted under the summit; ligament internal, short, inserted in a little oblique pit in each valve; two muscular impressions. Inhabits the British and American seas. Forty-five living species. Four fossil.

Nucula lanceolata. N. pella. N. obliqua. N. elongata. N. tellinoides. N. crenifera. N. Arctica. N. curvirostra. N. glacialis. N. fluviatilis. N. minuta. N. para. N. Mauritania. N. rostrata. N. Nicobarica. N. Margaritacea. N. Costellata. N. gibbosa. N. eburnea. N. polita. N. nasuta. N. fabula. N. Elenensis. N. cuneata. N. striata. N. rugulosa. N. Limatula. N. lævis. N. concentrica. N. decussata. N. exigua. N. squamosa. N. gigantea. N. nitida. N. tenuis. N. convexa. N. Pisum. N. carinifera. N. torta. N. plicaria.

· · · · ·

N. navicularis.* N. tenuisulta.* N. proxima.* N. acuta.* N. myalis.*

FAMILY XII.

TRIGONACEA. Two genera.

1. Genus _Trigonia_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Entirely unknown.

_Shell._ Subtrigonal or suborbicular, thick, regular, equivalve, inequilateral; summits but slightly prominent, little flexed, anterodorsal; hinge complex, dorsal, dissimilar; two thick oblong teeth joined angularly under the summit, strongly furrowed upon the right valve, penetrating into two excavations of the same form, also furrowed, in the left valve; ligament postapicial; two distinct muscular impressions, not united by a band. Inhabits the Australian seas. One living species. Fifteen fossil.

Trigonia pectinata.

2. Genus _Castalia_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ Body large, slightly compressed, or moderately thick, more or less oval; mantle with thick edges, simple or broken, open in all its circumference except towards the back a kind of small, incomplete tube, furnished with two rows of somewhat elongated cirri for the respiratory cavity; flamelliform and trenchant.

_Shell._ Subtrigonal, equivalve, inequilateral; umbones eroded, covered with epidermis, and flexed anteriorly; hinge with two lamellar teeth transversely striated, one distant, posterior and shortened, the other anterior, long, and lateral; ligament exterior. Habitation unknown. One species.

Castalia ambigua.

FAMILY XIII.

NAIADEA. Four genera.

1. Genus _Unio_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ See _Castalia_.

_Shell._ Usually very thick, nacred within, covered with epidermis, corroded at the summits, which are dorsal and subanterior; dorsal hinge formed by a double precardinal tooth, more or less compressed, irregularly dentated on the left valve, and simple on the right, together with a long lamellous tooth under the ligament: ligament external, dorsal, and postapicial; two muscular impressions, well marked, besides those of the retractile muscles. The species of this genus grow more numerous daily; they are found in all countries, but particularly in North America. One hundred and sixty-seven defined species. Numerous fossil.

Unio Batayus. U. crassissimus. U. elongatus. U. litoralis. U. pictorum. U. platyrhynchus. U. marginalis. U. tigris. U. Egyptiacus. U. Niloticus. U. Leaii. U. crassidens. U. obliquus. U. plicatus. U. purpuratus. U. radiatus. U. rectus. U. retusus. U. rotundatus. U. Australis. U. Nova Hollandica.

The following species are American:

Unio Bengalensis. _Lea._ U. bilineatus. „ U. lamellatus. _Lea._ U. Morchisonianus. „ U. cæruleus. _Lea._ U. corrugatus. „ U. Corrianus. „ U. Graianus. „ U. alatus. „ U. andontoides. „ U. Augustatus. „ U. apiculatus. „ U. arcæformis. „ U. arctior. „ U. asperimus. „ U. asper. „ U. Blandingianus. „ U. Barnesianus. „ U. brevidens. „ U. camelus. „ U. capsæformis. „ U. carbonarius. „ U. castanus. „ U. Claibornensis. „ U. circulus. „ U. occineus. „ U. compressus. „ U. complanatus. „ U. confertus. „ U. congaræus. „ U. contradens. „ U. Cooperianus. „ U. creperus. „ U. cuprinus. „ U. Cumberlandicus. „ U. decisus. „ U. dolabriformis. „ U. donaciformis. „ U. Dorfeuillianus. „ U. uromas. „ U. ebenus. „ U. elegans. „ U. olivarus. _Lea._ U. ponderosus. „ U. divaricatus. „ U. acutissimus. „ U. fabalis. „ U. Fisherianus. „ U. folliculatus. „ U. fulvus. „ U. gibber. „ U. glaber. „ U. glans. „ U. globosus. „ U. graniferus. „ U. Griffithianus. „ U. Haysianus. „ U. heterodon. „ U. Hildrethianus. „ U. Hopetonensis. „ U. Hydianus. „ U. inflatus. „ U. interruptus. „ U. iris. „ U. irroratus. „ U. Jayensis. „ U. jegunus. „ U. Katherinæ. „ U. Kirklandianus. „ U. lævissimus. „ U. lacrymosus. „ U. lancolatus. „ U. Lecontianus. „ U. lens. „ U. lugubris. „ U. luteolus. „ U. Medellinus. „ U. Menkianus. „ U. metanever. „ U. Mühlfeldianus. „ U. ellipsis. _Lea._ U. multiradiatus. „ U. modiolioformis. „ U. notatus. „ U. Novi-Eboraci. „ U. obesus. „ U. obscurus. „ U. occidens. „ U. palliatus. „ U. patulus. „ U. stapes. „ U. perdix. „ U. perplexus. „ U. pictus. „ U. pileus. „ U. pliciferus. „ U. pulcher. „ U. pumilis. „ U. pustulatus. „ U. pustulosus. „ U. pyramidatus. „ U. Rangianus. „ U. Ravenelianus. „ U. Roanokensis. „ U. rubiginosus. „ U. Schoolcraftensis. „ U. securis. „ U. Shepardianus. „ U. simus. „ U. solidus. „ U. Sowerbianus. „ U. spinosus. „ U. splendidus. „ U. multiplicatus. _Lea._ U. subovatus. „ U. subrotundus. „ U. sulcatus. „ U. Taitianus. „ U. Tampicoensis. „ U. Tappanianus. „ U. tenuissimus. „ U. trapezoides. „ U. trigonus. „ U. Troostensis. „ U. turgidus. „ U. Vanuxemensis. „ U. varicosus. „ U. Vaughanianus. „ U. venustus. „ U. Watercensis. „ U. Zeiglerianus. „ U. zigzag. „ U. alatus. _Say._ U. apiculatus. „ U. camptodon. „ U. cariosus. „ U. crassus. „ U. cylindricus. „ U. declivis. „ U. dehiscens. „ U. monodontus. „ U. nasutus. „ U. ovatus. „ U. personatus. „ U. subtentus. „ U. tetralasmus. „

2. Genus _Hyria_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Solid, nacred, equivalve, obliquely triangular, auriculated; base straight and truncated; hinge with two projecting teeth, the cardinal divided into numerous radiations, anterior ones smaller, the others lamellar and long. Inhabits the lakes and rivers of America. Two species.

Hyria avicularis.* Hyria corrugata.*

NOTE.—_Alasmidonta._ Separated by Say from the Anodonta by its primary tooth, and from the Unio by being destitute of the lamelliform teeth.

_Shell._ Transverse, equivalve, inequilateral; hinge with a primary tooth in each valve; cicatrices three. Four species.

Alasmidonta undulata. A. ambigua. A. marginata. A. confragosa.

3. Genus _Anodonta_. Pl. VIII.

_Animal._ As above.

_Shell._ Rather thin, regular, close, equivalve, inequilateral; summit anterodorsal; hinge entirely without teeth, with a postapicial lamina; ligament external, dorsal, and postapicial, two well marked muscular impressions, besides those of the retractile muscles. Inhabits fresh-water lakes in Europe and America. Forty-nine living species; and many fossil.

Anodonta areolatus. A. marginata. A. rubens. A. anatina. A. fragilis. A. trapezialis. A. rufa. A. uniopsis. A. intermedia. A. glauca. A. anatina. A. sinuosa. A. Patagonica. A. cygnæa. A. sulcata. A. cataracta. A. exotica. A. crispata. A. Pennsylvanica. A. maximus.

The following species are American.