Part 93

+-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ |=A. D.=| =Britain= | =France= | =Germany= | +-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | =850= | | | | | | |855. Kingdom divided. Louis II., Emperor, | | |866. Invasion of the |obtains Italy and Rhætia till 875. Charles,| | |Danes. |Provence, till 863. | | | | | | | |871-900. ALFRED THE | | | | =875= |GREAT. | | | | | |876. Kingdom divided:| | | | |Charles the Fat ob- |Louis the Younger, | | | |tains Suabia and |Saxony and Thuringia | | | |Alsace till 887. |till 882. | | | | | | | | |884. Charles the Fat reunites the monarchy | | | |of the Franks. | | | | | | | =900= | |Rollo, the Dane, | | | |901-924. Edward the |forces Charles to | | | |Elder, the first |confer on him the | | | |prince who takes the |province of Normandy | | | |title of King of |and becomes: | | | |England. | | | | | |912. Robert, Duke of | | | | |Normandy; capital |919-1024. Kings and | | | |Rouen. |Emperors of the Saxon| | | | |house. | | | |_France is now divi- | | | | |ded among the power- |919-936. Henry I., | | | |ful barons, who exer-|the Fowler, a great | | | |cise sovereign power |prince, consolidates | | | |in their respective |the empire. | | =925= | |domains._ | | | | | |936-973. OTHO the | | | | |GREAT. | | =950= | | | | | | | |955. Decisive victory| | | | |over the Huns, which | | | | |leads to the consoli-| | | | |dation of the margra-| | | | |vate of Austria. | | | | | | | | | |961-965. Otho’s | | | | |second expedition | | | | |into Italy; he de- | | | | |thrones Berenger; is | | | | |crowned king, and | | | | |emperor. | | | | | | | | | |962. Makes Rome his | | | | |capital. | | | | | | | | | |967. Otho II. crowned| | | | |emperor. | | =975= | | | | | |978-1016. Ethelred | | | | |the Unready. | | | | |New invasion of the | | | | |Danes. | | | | | | =House of Capet= | | | | | | | | | |987-996. HUGH CAPET. | | | =1000=| |France, for a long | | | | |period before and |1002-1024. Henry, | | |1016-1035. Canute the|after the accession |Duke of Bavaria, a | | |Great, King of |of the Capets, has no|just and pious king. | | |Denmark. |national history; the|Continual wars with | | | |royal authority is |the Poles and Italy. | | |1017-1041. Danish |now restricted to the| | | |kings. |city in which the | =House of | | | |court resides. | Franconia= | | | | | | | | | |1024-1039. Conrad | | =1025=| | |II., the Salic. | | | | | | | | | |1039-1056. HENRY III.| | | | |He defeats the Bohe- | | | | |mians and Hungarians | | | | |and makes both tribu-| | | | |tary. _The imperial | | | | |power at its highest | | | | |point._ | | |1042. The Saxon line | | | | |restored. | | | | | | | | | |1042-1066. Edward the| | | | =1050=|Confessor. French | | | | |Normans become a new | |1056-1106. Henry IV. | | |source of trouble. | | | | | | |1059. =Quarrels be- | | | |1060-1108. Philip I. |tween the Popes and | | | | |German Emperors | | |1066. Harold elected |1066. William, Duke |respecting investi- | | |king, but is defeated|of Normandy, invades |tures and nomination | | |and slain in the |England. |to the Holy See.= | | |battle of =Hastings=,| | | | |which gives England | | | | |to William. | | | | | | | | | |1066-1154. =Norman | | | | |Kings.= | | | | | | | | | |1066-1087. WILLIAM | | | | |THE CONQUEROR. | | | | =1075=| | | | | |1087-1100. William | | | | |II., Rufus. _Revolt |1096. =The First | | | |of the Norman nobles.|Crusade.= Peter the | | | |The feudal system |Hermit and Walter the| | | |established in |Penniless. | | | |England._ | | | | | | | | | =1100=|1100-1135. HENRY I., | | | | |Beauclerc. | | | | | | | | | |1101. Robert, Duke of| | | | |Normandy, invades | | | | |England. | | | | | | | | | |1103-1106. Henry in- | | | | |vades and conquers | |1106-1125. Henry V., | | |Normandy. | |Emperor of Germany | | | | |and King of Italy. | | =1125=| | | | | |=Wars between the French and English, and | =House of | | |rise of rivalry between these two nations, | Hohenstaufen= | | |which lasts for three centuries and a | | | |half.= |1138-1152. Conrad I.,| | | |1147. =The Second |elected emperor. | | | |Crusade= preached by | | | | |St. Bernard and |_Rise of the factions| | | |joined by the Emperor|of Guelfs and | | | |Conrad and Louis VII.|Ghibelines._ | | =1150=| |of France. | | | | | |1152-1190. Frederic | | |1154-1399. | |I., Barbarossa, | | |=Plantagenets.= | |Emperor and King, one| | | | |of the most heroic | | |1154-1189. Henry II.,| |figures of the Middle| | |Plantagenet. | |Age. | | | | | | | |1159. War between France and England. | | | | | |1166. Frederic in | | | |_The French language |Italy. League of the | | |1171-1172. Conquest |cultivated._ |Italian cities, 1167,| | |of Ireland. | |to preserve their | | =1175=| | |liberties. | | | |1180-1223. Philip | | | | |II., the greatest |1183. Peace of | | |1189-1199. Richard |prince since |Constance re- | | |I., the Lion-hearted.|Charlemagne. |establishes the inde-| | |Dreadful massacre of | |pendence of the | | |the Jews at his | |Italian Republics. | | |coronation. | | | | | | | | | |1189. =Third Crusade= led by Philip Augustus, of France; Richard,| | |of England; and Frederic Barbarossa. | | | | | | | | | |1190-1198. Henry VI.,| | | | |Emperor and King of | | | | |Italy and the | | | | |Sicilies. | | | | | | | | | |1198. Philip of | | |1199-1216. John | |Suabia and Otho of | | |usurps over Arthur, | |Saxony, dispute the | | |the son of his elder | |crown; the former | | |brother, Geoffrey. | |supported by the | | =1200=| | |Ghibelines, the | | |1201-1206. War with France; Philip espouses|latter by the Guelfs.| | |the cause of Prince Arthur. | | | | | | | | | |1202. The =Fourth | | | | |Crusade= under |1212-1250. Frederic | | |1213-1215. War with |Boniface of |II. becomes emperor | | |France; the English |Montferrat. |and king of the two | | |lose Vermandois and | |Sicilies. | | |Valois. | | | | | | | | | |1215. Insurrection of| | | | |the barons. | | | | |=Magna Charta= signed| | | | |at Runnymede. | | | +-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+