Part 73

+-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ |=B. C.=: =Roman Empire= | =Parthia= |=China, Japan, India=| +-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | : =Palestine= | | | | +---------------------+ | | | :30. Augustus bestows | |30. Japan: Suinin, a | | :increase of territory| |great civilizer. | | :on Herod. | | | | : | | | | :29. Herod kills his | | | | :wife, Mariamne. | |27. India: Andhra | | : | |kingdom very power- | | =25= :25. Herod begins ex- |25. Tiridates aspires|ful. | | :tensive building |to the sovereignty | | | :operations in Judea: |but is defeated and | | | :rebuilds Samaria, re-|takes refuge at the | | | :constructs temple at |court of Augustus. | | | :Jerusalem, 20-19. | | | | : |20. Phraates restores| | | : |the standards taken | | | : |from Crassus. | | | : | | | | : |18. Sends his sons as| | | :4. Birth of =Jesus |hostages to Rome. | | | :Christ=. Date now | | | | :generally accepted |_Gradual decline of | | | :though not actually |the Parthian | | | :certain. |Kingdom._ | | | =1 +---------------------+ | | | A. D.=: =The Christian | | | | : Church= | | | | +---------------------+ | | | :6. Judea made a Roman| | | | :province under a pro-| |21. India: | | :curator. | |Gondophares, King of | | =25= : |_Series of struggles |Kabul and Punjab. | | :26. Pontius Pilate |for succession to the| | | :becomes procurator of|throne for over one | | | :Judea. |hundred years._ | | | : | | | | :28-29. Baptism of | | | | :Jesus Christ and be- | | | | :ginning of His public| | | | :work. | | | | : | | | | :30. Crucifixion of | | | | :Jesus Christ. | | | | : | | | | :35-36. ST. PAUL con- | | | | :verted to Christiani-| | | | :ty. | | | | : | | | | :42. ST. PETER, the | | | | :Apostle, after | | | | :filling the see of | | | | :Antioch seven years, | | | | :goes to Rome. | | | | : | | | | :49. Council of the | | | | =50= :Apostles at Jerusa- |50. Vologeses I. | | | :lem. | | | | : |52. War against Rome | | | :56. Paul arrested in |for the possession of| | | :Jerusalem. |Armenia Minor. |58. China: Ming-Ti | | : | |introduces Buddhism. | | :59. Paul arrives in | | | | :Rome. | | | | : | | | | :64. First traditional| | | | :persecution of Chris-|65. Terminated at the| | | :tians, by Nero. |death of Tigranes, | | | : |when Tiridates ac- | | | :66. Outbreak of |cepts the crown of | | | :Jewish war. |Armenia from Nero. | | | : | | | | :67. Pope Linus. | | | | :Vespasian despatched | | | | :against the Jews. | | | | : | | | | :70. The destruction | | | | :of Jerusalem by | |71-130. Japan: Keiko | | :Titus. | |and Yamato-Dake make | | : | |large conquests. | | :72. Conquest of Judea| | | | =75= :completed. | | | | : |90. Death of | | | :95. Second traditio- |Vologeses. Arsaces | | | :nal persecution of |XXIV. in alliance | | | :the Christians, by |with the Romans, em- | | | :Domitian. |bellishes Ctesiphon. | | | =100= : | | | | : |107. Chosroes | | | : |(Arsaces XXV.), im- |109. China: Conquest | | :112-113. Third tra- |plicated in a war |of Korea. | | :ditional persecution,|with Trajan on | | | :by Trajan. |account of Armenia. | | | : | | | | : |117. Chosroes re- | | | : PERIOD OF GREATEST |stored. | | | : EXTENT OF THE | | | | : EMPIRE. |121. Vologeses II., | | | =125= : |(Arsaces XXVI.) |125. India: Nagar- | | : | |Juna, great apostle | | :145. Rise of the | |of Buddhism. | | :Marcionites. |149. Vologeses III., | | | =150= : |(Arsaces XXVII). Re- | | | :154. Canon of Scrip- |newal of the war with| | | :ture fixed about this|Rome. | | | :time. JUSTIN MARTYR | | | | :publishes his apology| | | | :for the Christians. | | | | : | | | | :155. Martyrdom of | | | | :Polycarp; appearance | | | | :of Montanus. | | | | : | | | | :165. Death of Justin |165. Casius destroys | | | :Martyr. |Seleucia. | | | =175= : | | | | :177. Fourth traditio-| | | | :nal persecution, by | | | | :Marcus Aurelius-- | | | | :Irenæus becomes | | | | :bishop of Lyons. | | | | : | | | | :180. Age of Theo- | | | | :philus and Tatian. |191. Vologeses IV., | | | : |(Arsaces XXVIII.) | | | =200= : | | | | : | |201-269. Japan: | | : |207. Defeated by |JINGU-KOGO, most | | : |Septimius Severus, |famous of Japanese | | : |who sacks the chief |female sovereigns. | | : |towns of Parthia. | | | : | | | | : |216. Artabanus IV., | | | : |(Arsaces XXX), the |221-265. China: Epoch| | : |last of the Arsacidæ.|of the “Three King- | | : +---------------------+doms.” | | : | =Persia= | | | =225= : +---------------------+ | | : |226-651. Dynasty of | | | : |the Sassanides. | | | : | | | | : |226-240. Artaxerxes | | | :235. Origen. Sixth |becomes the founder | | | :persecution of the |of the new Persian | | | :Christians, under |monarchy. | | | :Maximinus. | | | | : | | | | :248. Cyprian becomes | | | | :bishop of Carthage. | | | | :Monastic life origi- | | | | :nates about this | | | | :time. Dispute between| | | | :the churches of Rome | | | | :and Africa about | | | | :baptism. | | | | =250= : | | | | :251. Seventh persecu-| | | | :tion of the Christi- | | | | :ans, under Decius. | | | | : | | | | :257. Eighth persecu- |257. War against the | | | :tion, under Valerian.|Romans: Sapor advan- | | | : |ces as far as Cappa- | | | :260. Paul, of |docia. The Emperor | | | :Samosata, bishop of |Valerian taken | | | :Antioch, denies the |prisoner. | | | :divinity of Jesus | | | | :Christ. | | | | : | | | | :270. MANES advocates |_The Sassanidæ, |270-310. Japan: OJIN,| | :his doctrines in |claiming to be de- |a great warrior. | | :Persia. |scendants of the | | | : |ancient kings of | | | :274. Ninth persecu- |Persia, form preten- | | | =275= :tion, under Aurelian.|sions to all the | | | : |Asiatic provinces of | | | : |the Roman Empire._ | | | : | | | | : |292-301. Narses. | | | =300= : | | | | : |301-309. Hormisdas | | | :303. Tenth persecu- |II., builds Ormus. | | | :tion of the Christi- | | | | :ans, by Diocletian. |305. Persecution of | | | : |the Christians | | | : |stopped by | | | : |Constantius Chlorus. | | | : | | | | : |309-380. Sapor II | | | :311. Pope Miltiades. |carries on a series | | | :Constantine issues |of wars with Rome. |313. Japan: Nintoku, | | :Edict of Toleration. | |the Sage Emperor. | | : | | | | :320. Strife of the | |320. India: | | :Donatists in Africa. | |CHANDRAGUPTA, first | | : | |supreme emperor of | | =325= :325. The Council of | |India. | | :Nice, consisting of |326. Persecution of |_Brilliant Gupta | | :three hundred and |the Christians. |Period from 320 to | | :eighteen bishops, who| |480._ | | :condemn Arianism. | | | | :ATHANASIUS, ARIUS, | | | | :flourish in the reign| | | | :of Constantine. | | | | : | | | | :337. Pope Julius I. |337-363. War with | | | : |Rome. Sapor demands | | | :340. Christianity |the restitution of | | | :propagated in Ethio- |all the provinces | | | :pia by Frumentius.-- |Persia had formerly | | | :Gothic version of |possessed in Asia | | | :Bible by Wulfila |Minor. | | | :(Ulfilas). | | | | =350= : | | | | :352. Pope Liberius. | | | | :Hilary of Poitiers.--|362-3. War with | | | :Cyril, Bishop of |Julian, who is slain | | | :Jerusalem. |in repulsing the | | | : |Persians, on the | | | :363. Jovian. Restored|Tigris. | | | :Christianity. | | | | : |372-420. Peace with | | | =375= :375. Ambrose of |Rome. |375. India: | | :Milan; Martin of | |Chandragupta II. ex- | | :Tours. |380-383. ARTAXERXES |tended the empire. | | : |II. | | | :381. The second gene-| | | | :ral council of |383-388. Sapor III. | | | :Constantinople. |Division of Armenia | | | :Gregory of Nazianzus |between Persia and | | | :made patriarch of |Rome. | | | :Constantinople. | | | | : | | | | :395. _DIVISION OF THE EMPIRE BETWEEN THE SONS OF THEODOSIUS, | | :HONORIUS AND ARCADIUS._ | +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

VII. FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE FORMATION OF THE MOHAMMEDAN EMPIRE, 395-622 A. D.

GREAT EVENTS OF PERIOD. Invasion of the Germanic Tribes. Middle Ages begin. Anglo-Invasion of Britain. 400-500: Fall of the Roman Empire. Beginning of new states. 500-600: Great disorders in the West. Beginnings of Feudalism; power of the clergy increases. In the East the great reign of Justinian. 600-700: Rise and wonderful spread of Mohammedanism from Arabia to Siude on the east, and Carthage on the west. Christianizing of Germany.