Part 71

+-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ |=B. C.=| =Seleucid Empire= | =Palestine= : =Egypt= | +-------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+ | |261. Revolt of | : | | =250= |Parthians from | The : | | |Seleucid rule. | :247-30. Ptolemy III.,| | |Parthian kingdom | Jews :Euergetes. Extended | | |formed. | :his empire by con- | | =225= | | remained :quests in Mesopota- | | |223. ANTIOCHUS III., | :mia, Babylonia, | | |the Great, ruled | subject :Persia, Susiana, and | | |Syria, Phœnicia to | :Media, and extends | | |Egypt. | to :his influence as far | | | | :as Thrace and Mace- | | |217. Antiochus III. | Egypt :donia. | | |defeated by Ptolemy | : | | |Philopater in the | down : | | |battle of Raphia. | : | | | | to : | | |212-206. Campaigns in| : | | |Upper Asia against | B. C. :205. Ptolemy V., | | |the Parthians and | :Epiphanes. Lost most | | |Bactrians. | 203, :of the cities of | | | | :Palestine and Phœni- | | | | in :cia to Antiochus and | | | | :he cities of the | | | | comparative :Hellespont to Philip | | | | :V. of Macedon. Egypt | | | | peace. :assisted by Rome. | | | | : | | | :203. Judæa submits to: | | | :Antiochus the Great. |_Roman influence pre-| | | : |vails from this time_| | =200= | : | | | |198. Antiochus de- :198. The Jews assist | | | |feats the Egyptians :Antiochus in ex- | | | |under Scopas in a :pelling Scopas and | | | |great battle in :the Egyptian troops | | | |Palestine. :from Jerusalem; final| | | | :establishment of the | | | |195. Hannibal flees :Syrian power in | | | |to Antiochus III. :Palestine. |193. Ptolemy marries | | | : |the daughter of | | |192. Syria at war : |Antiochus the Great. | | |with Rome. : | | | | : | | | |190. Scipio Asiaticus: | | | |defeats Antiochus : | | | |III. at Magnesia and : | | | |compels him to cede : | | | |all of Asia Minor : | | | |excepting Cilicia. : | | | | : | | | |189. ARMENIA revolts : | | | |from the Seleucid : | | | |rule and establishes : | | | |its independence. : | | | | : | | | |187. Antiochus III. : |187. Ptolemy renews | | |killed; succeeded by : |his alliance with the| | |Seleucus IV. : |Achæans. | | |Philopator. : | | | | : |181-146. Ptolemy VI. | | =175= |175-164. Antiochus :175. Deposition of |(Philometor). | | |IV. Epiphanes. :the high priest | | | |Universally hated and:Onias. | | | |despised. : | | | | : | | | |171. Invades Egypt, : |171-168. War with | | |and gains a victory : |Antiochus Epiphanes. | | |at Pelusium. : | | | | : | | | |170. Another victory.:170. Tyranny of | | | |Subjugation of Egypt :Antiochus. | | | |as far as Alexandria.: | | | | |167. Revolt of | | | | |Mattathias, which | | | | |proves remarkably | | | | |successful. | | | | | | | | | |166-161. Judas | | | |164. Dies on his way |Maccabæus. |164. Partition of the| | |to Babylon. Loss of | |kingdom. Physcon | | |Babylonia, Persia, | |receives Cyrene and | | |and all the countries| |Libya. | | |between the Euphrates| | | | |and Indus. | | | | | | | | | |161-150. Demetrius I.|161-142. Jonathan | | | |Soter. |joins the party of | | | | |Alexander Bala, and | | | |153-152. Alexander |becomes the leading | | | |Bala. Occupies |man in Judæa. | | | |Ptolemais. | | | | | |_Continued struggle | | | =150= |150. Demetrius killed|of the Jews, in de- | | | |in battle. |fence of their civil | | | | |and religious rights | | | |150-125. Demetrius |to 130._ | | | |II. Nicator. regains | |146-117. Ptolemy VII.| | |his father’s kingdom | |(Euergetes II.), a | | |by the aid of Ptolemy| |cruel and odious | | |Philometor. | |tyrant. | | | | | | | | | |143. Embassy of | | |137-128. Antiochus | |Scipio Africanus to | | |VI. Sidetes, marries | |Alexandria. | | |Cleopatra. | | | | | |130. John Hyrcanus, |130. The Alexandrines| | |129. War with |aided by the Parthi- |rebel. The king flees| | |Parthia, in which |ans, asserts his |to Cyprus. | | |Antiochus is slain, |entire independence. | | | |126. | | | | | | | | | |_The succeeding | | | | |history of the | | | | |Seleucidæ is a horrid| | | | |picture of civil | | | | |wars, family feuds, | | | | |and deeds of | | | | |violence._ | | | | =125= | | | | | | | |117-81. Ptolemy VIII.| | |111. Conclusion of | |(Soter II.) | | |war by a partition of|110. Hyrcanus joins | | | |territory. Syria and |the Sadducees. |Cleopatra and her | | |Phœnicia are the only| |younger son, | | |provinces that |106. ALEXANDER |Alexander, jointly | | |acknowledge the sway |JANNÆUS. |reign in Egypt. | | |of the king of Syria.| | | | | | | | | | SYRIA | | | | =100= | | | | | | |98-97. Jannæus be- | | | |83. Tigranes, King of|sieges and takes | | | |Armenia, is invited |Gaza. |82. Revolt and three | | |by the Syrians to | |years’ siege of | | |assume the crown. | |Thebes, which is | | | | |captured and | | |69. He is expelled by| |destroyed. | | |Lucullus. | | | | | | | | | |65-62. Antiochus | | | | |Asiaticus is expelled|63. Judæa dependent |This period of | | |by Pompey, who re- |upon Romans. |Egyptian history is | | |duces Syria to a | |very obscure. | | |Roman province. | | | | +---------------------+---------------------+ | | :By the absorption of : | | | :Syria, Rome comes : | | | :into touch with the : | | | :Parthian power. : | | | : :54. Crassus pillages | | | :52. Parthians overrun:the Temple. | | | =50= :Syria and threaten : | | | :Antioch. :48. Antipater, by the|48. ALEXANDRINE WAR. | | : :influence of Julius |Ptolemy perishes in | | : :Cæsar, he is ap- |the contest, and the | | : :pointed procurator of|crown falls to | | : :Judæa. |CLEOPATRA, who reigns| | : : |jointly with Ptolemy | | : : |II. | | : : | | | : : |44. Cleopatra removes| | :40. Parthians invade : |her brother by | | :Syria, take Antioch :38. Herod, his second|poison. | | :and Sidon, plunder :son, rises to power | | | :Jerusalem and advance:by the friendship of | | | :as far as the Medi- :Antony and is ap- | | | :terranean. :pointed king. | | | : : | | | : :37. He takes posses- | | | : :sion of Jerusalem and|36. Cleopatra obtains| | : :Judæa. |from Antony grant of | | : : |Phœnicia, Cyrene and | | : : |Cyprus. | | : : | | | : : |30. Dies by her own | | : : |hand. | | : : | | | : : |_A Roman province._ | | : : +---------------------+ | :30. PERIOD OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE BEGINS. HISTORY OF THE EMPIRE IS | | :NOW PRACTICALLY THAT OF THE CIVILIZED WORLD, DIVIDED INTO LATIN, | | :GREEK AND ORIENTAL PROVINCES. | +-------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+

+-------+---------------------+---------------------+ |=B. C.=| =Parthia= |=China, India, Japan=| +-------+---------------------+---------------------+ | =250= |250-248. Arsaces I. | | | |founds the kingdom of| | | =225= |Parthia, having | | | |killed Agathocles, |221-210. China: Chi- | | |and expelled the |Huang-Ti, first uni- | | |Macedonians. |versal emperor. GREAT| | | |WALL BUILT. | | |216. Arsaces III., | | | |King of Persia. |206. China: The dy- | | | |nasty of Han founded;| | | |it lasts until 221 | | | |A. D. _One of the | | | |most brilliant | | | |periods in the | | | |history of China._ | | =200= | | | | | |199-138. India: So- | | |196. Arsaces IV., |called “Greek Kings.”| | |King of Parthia. | | | | | | | |181-174. Arsaces V., | | | |conquers the Mardians| | | |on the Caspian. | | | =175= | | | | |174-136. Mithridates | | | |I., raises Parthia to|166. China: Tartar | | |an exalted rank. |invasion. | | =150= | | | | | |140. China: VOUTI, | | |138. The invasion of |Emperor, Great Ruler.| | |Demetrius II. of |Invasion of Huns. | | |Syria. | | | | | | | |128. Invasion of | | | |Antiochus. Parthian | | | |empire is hencefor- | | | |ward freed from the | | | |attacks of the Syrian| | | |kings. | | | =125= | | | | |124-87. Mithridates | | | |II., restores tran- | | | |quillity to the East | | | |after a long succes- | | | |sion of bloody wars. | | | |He meets with a | | | |powerful rival in | | | |Tigranes I., King of | | | |Armenia. | | | =100= | | | | | |97-30. Japan: Sujin, | | |92. First public |Mikado. Important | | |transaction between |reforms. | | |_Rome and Parthia_. | | | | | | | |68-60. Arsaces XII. | | | |contemporary with the| | | |third Mithridatic | | | |War. | | | | | | | |54. First war with | | | |Rome caused by the | | | |invasion of Crassus. | | | | | | | |52-51. The Parthians | | | |invade Syria. | | | =50= | | | | | |40. India: Trade with| | |38. Arsaces XV. |Greece, Rome, Egypt, | | | |China, and the East. | | |36. Defeats Antony. |Period of Hindu | | | |power. | +-------+---------------------+---------------------+

VI. FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE UNDER AUGUSTUS TO ITS PERMANENT DIVISION, B. C. 30-395, A. D.

GREAT EVENTS OF THE PERIOD: Rome mistress of the world. The Augustan Age. Golden Age of Roman literature. 1-100, A. D.: Christianity founded amid persecutions. Parthia a powerful state but unequal rival of Rome. 100-200: Zenith of Roman Empire. The good emperors. Persecutions of the Christians continue. 200-300: Emperors chosen by the army. Germanic tribes on Roman borders. Persecutions continue. 300-400: Constantine moves the capital of the empire to Constantinople, and professes Christianity. Rise of Christian Monasticism. Great church disputes. Germanic incursions and settlements. The Roman Empire reaches its greatest territorial extent.