CHAPTER XXXVII. BOMBAY.--THE TOWERS OF SILENCE.--CAVES OF

ELEPHANTA.--FAREWELL TO INDIA. 469

ILLUSTRATIONS.

An Indian Scene. _Frontispiece_ Map. _To face page_ 15 Outward Bound. 15 Chinese Horse-shoeing. 17 The British Isles and Borneo Compared. 19 Ascending the River. 20 A Fruit-store in Sarawak. 21 A Dyak Youth. 23 Scene on the River. 24 Leaf Butterfly in Flight and Repose. 26 A Floating Island. 28 Bridge of Bamboo in Borneo. 30 Remarkable Beetles in Borneo. 31 American Missionary Station in Borneo. 35 Sunset in the China Sea. 36 Map of the Philippine Islands. 37 Scene on Manilla Bay. 38 Coast Scene in the Philippine Islands. 40 Barge and House on the Pasig. 41 Old Bridge at Manilla. 43 A Manilla Dandy. 43 A Native Girl in Manilla. 44 Native Amusements. 45 Spanish Galleons on their Way over the Pacific. 46 Mouth of the Bay of Manilla. 47 View of Manilla from the Binondo Suburb. 48 A Creole in European Dress. 50 Spanish Metis. 50 Chinese Metis. 51 Spanish Metis of the Wealthy Class. 52 Palm-tree in the Botanical Garden. 53 Life in the Water. 55 Horns of the Buffalo. 56 Native House in the Suburbs of Manilla. 57 A Group of Natives of Manilla. 58 View on the River Pasig. 60 Scene on the Shore. 62 A Bamboo Fishing-raft. 63 A Stampede of Buffaloes. 64 Shooting a Buffalo. 66 A Native Plough in Luzon. 67 A Buffalo Yoke. 68 Native Wooden Plough and Yoke for Oxen. 68 The Comb Harrow. 69 Tagal Indians Cleaning Rice. 70 Cascade near Jala-Jala. 72 The House at Jala-Jala. 73 Stacking Rice in the Philippine Islands. 74 The Philippine Locust. 75 A Native Woman Seized by a Crocodile. 77 A Huge Captive. 78 A Wild Boar Attacked by a Boa-constrictor. 80 Fight with a Great Snake. 81 A Stag-hunt in Luzon with Horses and Dogs. 82 A Howling Monkey. 84 Deer in a Tropical Forest. 85 Pond Scene in Luzon. 86 A Pavava. 88 Skull of Babirusa. 90 Frank's Prize--a Butterfly. 92 Fred's Prize--the Mud-laff. 93 Indians Hunting Turtles' Eggs. 96 How a Bat Sleeps. 98 The Iguana. 98 Paul P. de la Gironiere. 99 The Girl with the Long Hair. 100 A Primitive Loom in the Philippine Islands. 102 The Banana. 103 An Alcalde and his Constable. 105 An Avenue of Palm-trees. 106 A Village Clock. 108 A Volcano in Repose. 109 Indians of the Interior. 110 Travelling through the Forest in Luzon. 111 Street Scene during an Earthquake. 112 Destruction of Messina in 1783. 115 Italian Peasants Ingulfed by Crevasses. 116 A Submarine Eruption. 117 United States War-steamer "Wateree," Stranded at Arica in 1868. 119 On the Way to Singapore. 121 Bay on the Coast of Sumatra. 123 Coast Scene in the Straits of Malacca. 124 Palm-trees in Pulo Penang. 127 A Suburban Cottage. 128 A Penang Butterfly. 129 Humming-birds. 130 A Travelling Blacksmith. 131 First View of the Meteor. 133 Explosion of the Meteor. 134 The Santa Rosa Aerolite. 136 Melbourne Aerolite. 137 Structure of the Texas Aerolite. 138 River-boats in Burmah. 140 Out on the Waters. 140 A Wreck at Sea. 141 A Flying-fish. 142 Landing on the Beach. 144 Creek Leading from the Rangoon River. 146 Great Shoay Dagon, or Golden Pagoda. 148 Statue of Buddha in the Golden Pagoda. 150 A Burmese Woman. 152 A Burmese Judge and his Attendants. 153 Burmese River Scene. 154 Native Fort Captured by British Troops. 155 Native Boat on the Irrawaddy. 157 Native House near the River. 158 Malay "Sampan," or River-boat. 159 A Burmese Temple. 161 A Composite Crew. 164 An Eastern Water-fall. 165 Monastery at Prome. 166 Mrs. Judson Visiting her Husband in Prison. 168 Mrs. Judson Teaching a Class of Native Converts. 169 Barracks on the Frontier. 170 View of Mandalay, Capital of the Kingdom of Ava, or Burmah. 172 Boat Drawn by a Bullock. 173 The Royal Palace at Mandalay. 177 Copy of an Old Burmese Painting. 178 Mountain Gorge on the Upper Part of the River. 180 Coast of the Andaman Islands. 183 Sea-snake of the Indian Ocean and Fox-shark. 185 Restored Fossil Reptiles of New Jersey. 188 Cuttle-fish Attacking a Chinese Junk. 189 Captain Lawrence de Ferry's Sea-serpent. 190 Head of Captain M'Quhae's Serpent. 192 Captain M'Quhae's Sea-serpent. 193 Outrigger Boat from Ladrone Islands. 196 Double Canoe, Friendly Islands. 197 Double Canoe, Society Islands. 197 Feejee Island Canoe. 198 American Modification of a Savage Boat. 200 Scene on the Coast of Ceylon. 202 Ruins of a Portuguese Church. 203 A Young Native at Breakfast. 204 View of the Coast near Galle Harbor. 206 A Street in Point de Galle. 207 An Army of Ants on the Move. 208 Entrance to the Cinnamon Gardens. 210 Donkey and Pack-saddle. 213 Gathering Cocoa-nuts. 214 A Young Cocoa-palm. 215 Nests of the Toddy-bird. 215 Residence of a Wealthy Foreigner. 217 Scene on the Coast near Colombo. 218 A Business Street in the "Black Town". 220 Moorish Merchants of Ceylon. 221 A Suburban Scene. 222 A Group of Tamil Coolies. 223 Cingalese Men. 224 Cingalese Women. 225 A Cheap Comb. 226 Cashew-nut. 226 A Coolie at Prayers. 227 The Wild Forest. 228 Young Palms in the Botanic Garden. 231 India-rubber-tree. 232 Residence of a Coffee-planter. 233 View on a Coffee Estate. 234 Plantation Laborers. 236 Shed on a Coffee Plantation. 237 Pleasures of a Morning Walk. 238 Fight between a Hawk and a Snake. 240 Fight between a Black Snake and a Rattle-snake. 241 The Lotos Flower. 243 The Last of the Giants. 247 Tank Scene in Ceylon. 248 Elephants at Home. 249 Tying up an Elephant. 250 Elephants under a Banyan-tree. 251 A Native Treed by a Buffalo Cow and Calf. 252 A Dangerous Predicament. 253 Native House and Children. 255 A Tropical Fern. 257 Waiting for the Races. 259 Scorpion. 261 Centipede. 261 A View in the Foot-hills. 262 Natives of the Forest. 263 Temple on Adam's Peak. 265 Tropical Growth near Ratnapoora. 266 A Morning Caller. 267 Evening Visitors. 268 Temple and Trees at Tuticorin. 269 A Fashionable "Hackery". 272 Eastern Mode of Feeding Oxen. 273 Part of a Hindoo Pagoda. 275 Robinson Crusoe. 277 The Shipwreck. 277 Landing of Robinson Crusoe. 277 Crusoe's Equipment. 278 Crusoe and his Gun. 278 Crusoe and his Pets. 279 Crusoe's Castle. 279 Arrival of Friday. 280 Portrait of the Hero. 280 A Sail! a Sail! 281 Going Ashore. 282 Natives in the Surf. 283 Scene near Pondicherry. 284 House in the European Quarter. 286 An Indian Woman. 287 An Indian Man. 287 A Serpent-charmer. 288 Masullah-boats in the Surf at Madras. 290 A Catamaran. 291 Hindoo Native of Madras. 292 Western Entrance of Fort George. 293 Governor's Residence, Fort George. 294 Hump-backed Cow. 295 Madras Dhobies, or Washermen. 296 A Madras Bungalow. 297 A Pankhâ-wallah. 299 Native Merchant of Madras. 301 A Madras Palkee. 304 Inhabitants of Pooree. 307 Plan of the Temple of Juggernaut. 309 Jaganath and his Brother and Sister. 310 A Hindoo Devotee. 312 The Car of Juggernaut. 314 A Tropical Morning at Sea. 316 Bayou in Saugur Island. 317 Diamond Harbor. 319 Scene on the Hoogly. 320 River Scene below Calcutta. 322 Bumboat on the Hoogly. 324 Landing-place at Calcutta. 325 Street Scene in Calcutta. 326 A Native Nurse. 328 The Maidan, or Esplanade, of Calcutta. 331 A Collision. 332 An Unpleasant Occurrence. 333 Harbor of Calcutta. 335 The Burning Ghaut at Calcutta. 338 Parasitical Vines on a Tree. 339 The Cotton-tree. 340 Bengalee Water-carriers. 342 Native Woman of Bengal. 344 Part of Black Town, Calcutta. 345 Railway Travelling in India. 350 Coolies Going to the Poppy-fields. 351 Shop of an Opium Merchant. 353 Coolies Cooking. 354 Scene on the River. 355 Boatmen Ashore. 356 Cooking Breakfast. 357 A Window in Benares. 360 Part of the Water Front of Benares. 362 Temple at Manikarnika. 364 Mosque of Aurengzebe the Great. 366 A Street near the Great Mosque. 367 An Elephant Ride. 369 Buddhist Tower at Sarnath. 370 Carving on the Tower at Sarnath. 371 Water-bearing Ox at Benares. 372 A Jeweller of Benares. 373 A Pious Pilgrim. 375 Religious Beggars at Benares. 376 The Imambara at Lucknow. 378 The Martiniere. 380 Dyers at Lucknow. 381 The Residency at Lucknow. 383 Merchants of Lucknow. 386 An Old Sikh. 387 Low-caste Inhabitants of Cawnpore. 391 The Memorial Well at Cawnpore. 392 View of the Taj Mahal from the Garden. 395 Gate-way of Garden, Taj Mahal. 396 Front View of the Taj Mahal. 397 The Princess of Shah Jehan. 398 Gate-way of Secundra Garden. 400 Tomb of the Emperor Akbar at Agra. 402 Entrance to the Great Mosque of Durgah. 403 The Panch Mahal. 405 Scene on the Chandni Chowk, Delhi. 407 Merchants of Delhi. 409 The Dewan-i-khas, Delhi. 411 Jamma Musjid, or Great Mosque. 413 The Kuttub Minar. 415 The Iron Pillar. 416 Trees in the Court-yard of the Mosque. 417 The Dawk Garry. 419 Horseback-ride in the Himalayas. 420 A Bareilly Dandy. 421 A Ton-Jon. 422 View of the Himalayas. 423 Gathering Tea-leaves in India. 425 A Model Cook. 426 Climbing-plant in the Himalayas. 427 Door of a Temple, and Praying-machines. 428 Saddle-oxen in the Himalayas. 429 A Thibetan Dog. 430 Tiger-hunting from Mychan, or Shooting-box. 433 An Awkward Predicament. 435 Procession of Tiger-hunters on Foot. 436 A Grapple with a Tiger. 438 A Narrow Escape. 439 A Wild Boar Attacking a Panther. 441 Hindoo Fakirs Cutting themselves with Knives. 444 A Pilgrim Carrying Religious Relics. 446 Moslem School at Allahabad. 448 Hindoo Robbers in Prison. 450 Thugs Awaiting Trial at Allahabad. 451 Vestibule of the Great Temple at Ellora. 453 Interior of Temple Hewn from the Rock. 455 Mural Sculptures at Ellora. 456 Railway Viaduct in the Mountains. 457 Hindoo Girl of High Caste. 459 A Native Prince of India, with his Sons. 462 Reception of Travellers. 464 Trial of a Mutineer. 466 English Officers in India. 467 Bombay and its Environs. 470 A Parsee Merchant. 471 Parsee School Children. 473 A Parsee Tower of Silence, near Teheran. 475 A Bunder-boat. 476 The Caves of Elephanta. 478 Cotton Market at Bombay. 479 Serpents Dancing to Music. 481 Farewell to India. 483