Chapter 15
HALLOWE'EN IN AMERICA
In Colonial days Hallowe'en was not celebrated much in America. Some English still kept the customs of the old world, such as apple-ducking and snapping, and girls tried the apple-paring charm to reveal their lovers' initials, and the comb-and-mirror test to see their faces. Ballads were sung and ghost-stories told, for the dead were thought to return on Hallowe'en.
"There was a young officer in Phips's company at the time of the finding of the Spanish treasure-ship, who had gone mad at the sight of the bursting sacks that the divers had brought up from the sea, as the gold coins covered the deck. This man had once lived in the old stone house on the 'faire greene lane,' and a report had gone out that his spirit still visited it, and caused discordant noises. Once ... on a gusty November evening, when the clouds were scudding over the moon, a hall-door had blown open with a shrieking draft and a force that caused the floor to tremble."
BUTTERWORTH: _Hallowe'en Reformation._
Elves, goblins, and fairies are native on American soil. The Indians believed in evil _manitous_, some of whom were water-gods who exacted tribute from all who passed over their lakes. Henry Hudson and his fellow-explorers haunted as mountain-trolls the Catskill range. Like Ossian and so many other visitors to the Otherworld, Rip Van Winkle is lured into the strange gathering, thinks that he passes the night there, wakes, and goes home to find that twenty years have whitened his hair, rusted his gun, and snatched from life many of his boon-companions.
"My gun must have cotched the rheumatix too. Now that's too bad. Them fellows have gone and stolen my good gun, and leave me this rusty old barrel.
"Why, is that the village of Falling Waters that I see? Why, the place is more than twice the size it was last night--I----
"I don't know whether I am dreaming, or sleeping, or waking."
JEFFERSON: _Rip Van Winkle._
The persecution of witches, prevalent in Europe, reached this side of the Atlantic in the seventeenth century.
"This sudden burst of wickedness and crime Was but the common madness of the time, When in all lands, that lie within the sound Of Sabbath bells, a witch was burned or drowned."
LONGFELLOW: _Giles Corey of the Salem Farms._
Men and women who had enemies to accuse them of evil knowledge and the power to cause illness in others, were hanged or pressed to death by heavy weights. Such sicknesses they could cause by keeping a waxen image, and sticking pins or nails into it, or melting it before the fire. The person whom they hated would be in torture, or would waste away like the waxen doll. Witches' power to injure and to prophesy came from the Devil, who marked them with a needle-prick. Such marks were sought as evidence at trials.
"Witches' eyes are coals of fire from the pit." They were attended by black cats, owls, bats, and toads.
Iron, as being a product of fire, was a protection against them, as against evil spirits everywhere. It had especial power when in the shape of a horseshoe.
"This horseshoe will I nail upon the threshold. There, ye night-hags and witches that torment The neighborhood, ye shall not enter here."
LONGFELLOW: _Giles Corey of the Salem Farms._
The holiday-time of elves, witches, and ghosts is Hallowe'en. It is not believed in here except by some children, who people the dark with bogies who will carry them away if they are naughty.
"Onc't they was a little boy wouldn't say his prayers-- An' when he went to bed at night, away upstairs, His mammy heerd him holler, an' his daddy heerd him bawl, An' when they turn't the kivvers down, he wasn't there at all!
An' they seeked him in the rafter-room, an' cubby-hole, an' press, An' seeked him up the chimbley-flue, an' ever'wheres, I guess; But all they ever found was thist his pants an' roundabout! An' the Gobble-uns 'll git you, ef you don't watch out!"
RILEY: _Little Orphant Annie._
Negroes are very superstitious, putting faith in all sorts of supernatural beings.
"Blame my trap! how de wind do blow; And dis is das de night for de witches, sho! Dey's trouble going to waste when de ole slut whine, An' you hear de cat a-spittin' when de moon don't shine."
RILEY: _When de Folks is Gone._
While the original customs of Hallowe'en are being forgotten more and more across the ocean, Americans have fostered them, and are making this an occasion something like what it must have been in its best days overseas. All Hallowe'en customs in the United States are borrowed directly or adapted from those of other countries. All superstitions, everyday ones, and those pertaining to Christmas and New Year's, have special value on Hallowe'en.
It is a night of ghostly and merry revelry. Mischievous spirits choose it for carrying off gates and other objects, and hiding them or putting them out of reach.
"Dear me, Polly, I wonder what them boys will be up to to-night. I do hope they'll not put the gate up on the shed as they did last year."
WRIGHT: _Tom's Hallowe'en Joke._
Bags filled with flour sprinkle the passers-by. Door-bells are rung and mysterious raps sounded on doors, things thrown into halls, and knobs stolen. Such sports mean no more at Hallowe'en than the tricks played the night before the Fourth of July have to do with the Declaration of Independence. We see manifested on all such occasions the spirit of "Free-night" of which George von Hartwig speaks so enthusiastically in _St. John's Fire_ (page 141).
Hallowe'en parties are the real survival of the ancient merrymakings. They are prepared for in secret. Guests are not to divulge the fact that they are invited. Often they come masked, as ghosts or witches.
The decorations make plain the two elements of the festival. For the centerpiece of the table there may be a hollowed pumpkin, filled with apples and nuts and other fruits of harvest, or a pumpkin-chariot drawn by field-mice. So it is clear that this is a harvest-party, like Pomona's feast. In the coach rides a witch, representing the other element, of magic and prophecy. Jack-o'-lanterns, with which the room is lighted, are hollowed pumpkins with candles inside. The candle-light shines through holes cut like features. So the lantern becomes a bogy, and is held up at a window to frighten those inside. Corn-stalks from the garden stand in clumps about the room. A frieze of witches on broomsticks, with cats, bats, and owls surmounts the fireplace, perhaps. A full moon shines over all, and a caldron on a tripod holds fortunes tied in nut-shells. The prevailing colors are yellow and black: a deep yellow is the color of most ripe grain and fruit; black stands for black magic and demoniac influence. Ghosts and skulls and cross-bones, symbols of death, startle the beholder. Since Hallowe'en is a time for lovers to learn their fate, hearts and other sentimental tokens are used to good effect, as the Scotch lads of Burns's time wore love-knots.
Having marched to the dining-room to the time of a dirge, the guests find before them plain, hearty fare; doughnuts, gingerbread, cider, popcorn, apples, and nuts honored by time. The Hallowe'en cake has held the place of honor since the beginning here in America. A ring, key, thimble, penny, and button baked in it foretell respectively speedy marriage, a journey, spinsterhood, wealth, and bachelorhood.
"Polly was going to be married, Jennie was going on a long journey, and you--down went the knife against something hard. The girls crowded round. You had a hurt in your throat, and there, there, in your slice, was the horrid, hateful, big brass thimble. It was more than you could bear--soaking, dripping wet, and an old maid!"
BRADLEY: _Different Party._
The kitchen is the best place for the rough games and after-supper charms.
On the stems of the apples which are to be dipped for may be tied names; for the boys in one tub, for the girls in another. Each searcher of the future must draw out with his teeth an apple with a name which will be like that of his future mate.
A variation of the Irish snap-apple is a hoop hung by strings from the ceiling, round which at intervals are placed bread, apples, cakes, peppers, candies, and candles. The strings are twisted, then let go, and as the hoop revolves, each may step up and get a bite from whatever comes to him. By the taste he determines what the character of his married life will be,--whether wholesome, acid, soft, fiery, or sweet. Whoever bites the candle is twice unfortunate, for he must pay a forfeit too. An apple and a bag of flour are placed on the ends of a stick, and whoever dares to seize a mouthful of apple must risk being blinded by flour. Apples are suspended one to a string in a doorway. As they swing, each guest tries to secure his apple. To blow out a candle as it revolves on a stick requires attention and accuracy of aim.
The one who first succeeds in threading a needle as he sits on a round bottle on the floor, will be first married. Twelve candles are lighted, and placed at convenient distances on the floor in a row. As the guest leaps over them, the first he blows out will indicate his wedding-month. One candle only placed on the floor and blown out in the same way means a year of wretchedness ahead. If it still burns, it presages a year of joy.
Among the quieter tests some of the most common are tried with apple-seeds. As in England a pair of seeds named for two lovers are stuck on brow or eyelids. The one who sticks longer is the true, the one who soon falls, the disloyal sweetheart. Seeds are used in this way to tell also whether one is to be a traveler or a stay-at-home. Apple-seeds are twice ominous, partaking of both apple and nut nature. Even the number of seeds found in a core has meaning. If you put them upon the palm of your hand, and strike it with the other, the number remaining will tell you how many letters you will receive in a fortnight. With twelve seeds and the names of twelve friends, the old rhyme may be repeated:
"One I love, Two I love, Three I love, I say; Four I love with all my heart: Five I cast away. Six he loves, Seven she loves, Eight they both love; Nine he comes, Ten he tarries, Eleven he courts, and Twelve he marries."
Nuts are burned in the open fire. It is generally agreed that the one for whom the first that pops is named, loves.
"If he loves me, pop and fly; If he hates me, live and die."
Often the superstition connected therewith is forgotten in the excitement of the moment.
"When ebery one among us toe de smallest pickaninny Would huddle in de chimbley cohnah's glow, Toe listen toe dem chilly win's ob ole Novembah's Go a-screechin' lack a spook around de huts, 'Twell de pickaninnies' fingahs gits to shakin' o'er de embahs, An' dey laik ter roas' dey knuckles 'stead o' nuts."
IN WERNER'S _Readings, Number 31_.
Letters of the alphabet are carved on a pumpkin. Fate guides the hand of the blindfolded seeker to the fateful initial which he stabs with a pin. Letters cut out of paper are sprinkled on water in a tub. They form groups from which any one with imagination may spell out names.
Girls walk down cellar backward with a candle in one hand and a looking-glass in the other, expecting to see a face in the glass.
"Last night 't was witching Hallowe'en, Dearest; an apple russet-brown I pared, and thrice above my crown Whirled the long skin; they watched it keen; I flung it far; they laughed and cried me shame-- Dearest, there lay the letter of your name.
"Took I the mirror then, and crept Down, down the creaking narrow stair; The milk-pans caught my candle's flare And mice walked soft and spiders slept. I spoke the spell, and stood the magic space, Dearest--and in the glass I saw your face!
"And then I stole out in the night Alone; the frogs piped sweet and loud, The moon looked through a ragged cloud. Thrice round the house I sped me light, Dearest; and there, methought--charm of my charms! You met me, kissed me, took me to your arms!"
OPPER: _The Charms._
There are many mirror-tests. A girl who sits before a mirror at midnight on Hallowe'en combing her hair and eating an apple will see the face of her true love reflected in the glass. Standing so that through a window she may see the moon in a glass she holds, she counts the number of reflections to find out how many pleasant things will happen to her in the next twelve months. Alabama has taken over the Scotch mirror test in its entirety.
A girl with a looking-glass in her hand steps backward from the door out into the yard. Saying:
"Round and round, O stars so fair! Ye travel, and search out everywhere. I pray you, sweet stars, now show to me, This night, who my future husband shall be!"
she goes to meet her fate.
"So Leslie backed out at the door, and we shut it upon her. The instant after, we heard a great laugh. Off the piazza she had stepped backward directly against two gentlemen coming in.
"Doctor Ingleside was one, coming to get his supper; the other was a friend of his.... 'Doctor John Hautayne,' he said, introducing him by his full name."
WHITNEY: _We Girls._
A custom that is a reminder of the lighted boats sent down-stream in Japan to bear away the souls of the dead, is that which makes use of nut-shell boats. These have tiny candles fastened in them, are lighted, and named, and set adrift on a tub of water. If they cling to the side, their namesakes will lead a quiet life. Some will float together. Some will collide and be shipwrecked. Others will bear steadily toward a goal though the waves are rocked in a tempest. Their behavior is significant. The candle which burns longest belongs to the one who will marry first.
The Midsummer wheel which was rolled down into the Moselle River in France, and meant, if the flames that wreathed it were not extinguished, that the grape-harvest would be abundant, has survived in the fortune wheel which is rolled about from one guest to another, and brings a gift to each.
The actions of cats on Hallowe'en betoken good or bad luck. If a cat sits quietly beside any one, he will enjoy a peaceful, prosperous life; if one rubs against him, it brings good luck, doubly good if one jumps into his lap. If a cat yawns near you on Hallowe'en, be alert and do not let opportunity slip by you. If a cat runs from you, you have a secret which will be revealed in seven days.
Different states have put interpretations of their own on the commonest charms. In Massachusetts the one who first draws an apple from the tub with his teeth will be first married. If a girl steals a cabbage, she will see her future husband as she pulls it up, or meet him as she goes home. If these fail, she must put the cabbage over the door and watch to see whom it falls on, for him she is to marry. A button concealed in mashed potato brings misfortune to the finder. The names of three men are written on slips of paper, and enclosed in three balls of meal. The one that rises first when they are thrown into water will disclose the sought-for name.
Maine has borrowed the yarn-test from Scotland. A ball is thrown into a barn or cellar, and wound off on the hand. The lover will come and help to wind. Girls in New Hampshire place in a row three dishes with earth, water, and a ring in them, respectively. The one who blindfolded touches earth will soon die; water, will never marry; the ring, will soon be wedded.
To dream of the future on Hallowe'en in Pennsylvania, one must go out of the front door backward, pick up dust or grass, wrap it in paper, and put it under his pillow.
In Maryland girls see their future husbands by a rite similar to the Scotch "wetting of the sark-sleeve." They put an egg to roast, and open wide all the doors and windows. The man they seek will come in and turn the egg. At supper girls stand behind the chairs, knowing that the ones they are to marry will come to sit in front of them.
The South has always been famous for its hospitality and good times. On Hallowe'en a miniature Druid-fire burns in a bowl on the table. In the blazing alcohol are put fortunes wrapped in tin-foil, figs, orange-peel, raisins, almonds, and dates. The one who snatches the best will meet his sweetheart inside of a year, and all may try for a fortune from the flames. The origin of this custom was the taking of omens from the death-struggles of creatures burning in the fire of sacrifice.
Another Southern custom is adapted from one of Brittany. Needles are named and floated in a dish of water. Those which cling side by side are lovers.
Good fortune is in store for the one who wins an apple from the tub, or against whose glass a ring suspended by a hair strikes with a sharp chime.
A very elaborate charm is tried in Newfoundland. As the clock strikes midnight a girl puts the twenty-six letters of the alphabet, cut from paper, into a pure-white bowl which has been touched by the lips of a new-born babe only. After saying:
"Kind fortune, tell me where is he Who my future lord shall be; From this bowl all that I claim Is to know my sweetheart's name."
she puts the bowl into a safe place until morning. Then she is blindfolded and picks out the same number of letters as there are in her own name, and spells another from them.
In New Brunswick, instead of an apple, a hard-boiled egg without salt is eaten before a mirror, with the same result. In Canada a thread is held over a lamp. The number that can be counted slowly before the thread parts, is the number of years before the one who counts will marry.
In the United States a hair is thrown to the winds with the stanza chanted:
"I pluck this lock of hair off my head To tell whence comes the one I shall wed. Fly, silken hair, fly all the world around, Until you reach the spot where my true love is found."
The direction in which the hair floats is prophetic.
The taste in Hallowe'en festivities now is to study old traditions, and hold a Scotch party, using Burns's poem _Hallowe'en_ as a guide; or to go a-souling as the English used. In short, no custom that was once honored at Hallowe'en is out of fashion now. "Cyniver" has been borrowed from Wales, and the "dumb-cake" from the Hebrides. In the Scotch custom of cabbage-stalk pulling, if the stalk comes up easily, the husband or wife will be easy to win. The melted-lead test to show the occupation of the husband-to-be has been adopted in the United States. If the metal cools in round drops, the tester will never marry, or her husband will have no profession. White of egg is used in the same way. Like the Welsh test is that of filling the mouth with water, and walking round the house until one meets one's fate. An adaptation of the Scottish "three luggies" is the row of four dishes holding dirt, water, a ring, and a rag. The dirt means divorce, the water, a trip across the ocean, the ring, marriage, the rag, no marriage at all.
After the charms have been tried, fagots are passed about, and by the eerie light of burning salt and alcohol, ghost stories are told, each concluding his installment as his fagot withers into ashes. Sometimes the cabbage stalks used in the omens take the place of fagots.
To induce prophetic dreams salt, in quantities from a pinch to an egg full, is eaten before one goes to bed.
"'Miss Jeanette, that's such a fine trick! You must swallow a salt herring in three bites, bones and all, and not drink a drop till the apparition of your future spouse comes in the night to offer you a drink of water.'"
ADAMS: _Chrissie's Fate._
If, after taking three doses of salt two minutes apart, a girl goes to bed backward, lies on her right side, and does not move till morning, she is sure to have eventful dreams. Pills made of a hazelnut, a walnut, and nutmeg grated together and mixed with butter and sugar cause dreams: if of gold, the husband will be rich; if of noise, a tradesman; if of thunder and lightning, a traveler. As in Ireland bay-leaves on or under a man's pillow cause him to dream of his sweetheart. Also
"Turn your boots toward the street, Leave your garters on your feet, Put your stockings on your head, You'll dream of the one you're going to wed."
Lemon-peel carried all day and rubbed on the bed-posts at night will cause an apparition to bring the dreaming girl two lemons. For quiet sleep and the fulfilment of any wish eat before going to bed on Hallowe'en a piece of dry bread.
A far more interesting development of the Hallowe'en idea than these innocent but colorless superstitions, is promised by the pageant at Fort Worth, Texas, on October thirty-first, 1916. In the masque and pageant of the afternoon four thousand school children took part. At night scenes from the pageant were staged on floats which passed along the streets. The subject was _Preparedness for_ _Peace_, and comprised scenes from American history in which peace played an honorable part. Such were: the conference of William Penn and the Quakers with the Indians, and the opening of the East to American trade. This is not a subject limited to performances at Hallowtide. May there not be written and presented in America a truly Hallowe'en pageant, illustrating and befitting its noble origin, and making its place secure among the holidays of the year?
HALLOWE'EN
Bring forth the raisins and the nuts-- To-night All-Hallows' Spectre struts Along the moonlit way. No time is this for tear or sob, Or other woes our joys to rob, But time for Pippin and for Bob, And Jack-o'-lantern gay.
Come forth, ye lass and trousered kid, From prisoned mischief raise the lid, And lift it good and high. Leave grave old Wisdom in the lurch, Set Folly on a lofty perch, Nor fear the awesome rod of birch When dawn illumes the sky.
'Tis night for revel, set apart To reillume the darkened heart, And rout the hosts of Dole. 'Tis night when Goblin, Elf, and Fay, Come dancing in their best array To prank and royster on the way, And ease the troubled soul.
The ghosts of all things, past parade, Emerging from the mist and shade That hid them from our gaze, And full of song and ringing mirth, In one glad moment of rebirth, Again they walk the ways of earth, As in the ancient days.
The beacon light shines on the hill, The will-o'-wisps the forests fill With flashes filched from noon; And witches on their broomsticks spry Speed here and yonder in the sky, And lift their strident voices high Unto the Hunter's moon.
The air resounds with tuneful notes From myriads of straining throats, All hailing Folly Queen; So join the swelling choral throng, Forget your sorrow and your wrong, In one glad hour of joyous song To honor Hallowe'en.
J. K. BANGS _in Harper's Weekly, Nov. 5, 1910_.
HALLOWE'EN FAILURE
Who's dat peekin' in de do'? Set mah heart a-beatin'! Thought I see' a spook for sho On mah way to meetin'. Heerd a rustlin' all aroun', Trees all sort o' jiggled; An' along de frosty groun' Funny shadders wriggled.
Who's dat by de winder-sill? Gittin' sort o' skeery; Feets is feelin' kind o' chill, Eyes is sort o' teary. 'Most as nervous as a coon When de dawgs is barkin', Er a widder when some spoon Comes along a-sparkin'.
Whass dat creepin' up de road, Quiet like a ferret, Hoppin' sof'ly as a toad? Maybe hit's a sperrit! Lordy! hope dey ain't no ghos' Come to tell me howdy. I ain't got no use for those Fantoms damp an' cloudy.
Whass dat standin' by de fence Wid its eyes a-yearnin', Drivin' out mah common-sense Wid its glances burnin'? Don't dass skeercely go to bed Wid dem spookses roun' me. Ain't no res' fo' dis yere head When dem folks surroun' me.
Whass dat groanin' soun' I hear Off dar by de gyardin? Lordy! Lordy! Lordy dear, Grant dis sinner pardon! I won't nebber--I declar' Ef it ain't my Sammy! Sambo, what yo' doin' dar? Yo' can't skeer yo' mammy!
CARLYLE SMITH _in Harper's Weekly, Oct. 29, 1910_.
HALLOWE'EN
Pixie, kobold, elf, and sprite All are on their rounds to-night,-- In the wan moon's silver ray Thrives their helter-skelter play.
Fond of cellar, barn, or stack True unto the almanac, They present to credulous eyes Strange hobgoblin mysteries.
Cabbage-stumps--straws wet with dew-- Apple-skins, and chestnuts too, And a mirror for some lass Show what wonders come to pass.
Doors they move, and gates they hide Mischiefs that on moonbeams ride Are their deeds,--and, by their spells, Love records its oracles.
Don't we all, of long ago By the ruddy fireplace glow, In the kitchen and the hall, Those queer, coof-like pranks recall?
Eery shadows were they then-- But to-night they come again; Were we once more but sixteen Precious would be Hallowe'en.
JOEL BENTON _in Harper's Weekly, Oct. 31, 1896_.
HALLOWE'EN
A gypsy flame is on the hearth, Sign of this carnival of mirth. Through the dun fields and from the glade Flash merry folk in masquerade-- It is the witching Hallowe'en.
Pale tapers glimmer in the sky, The dead and dying leaves go by; Dimly across the faded green Strange shadows, stranger shades, are seen-- It is the mystic Hallowe'en.
Soft gusts of love and memory Beat at the heart reproachfully; The lights that burn for those who die Were flickering low, let them flare high-- It is the haunting Hallowe'en.
A. F. MURRAY _in Harper's Weekly, Oct. 30, 1909._
Magazine References to Hallowe'en Entertainments
CHARADES:
Charades, menu, tests. H. Bazar, 32:894.
CHILDREN'S PARTIES:
Fortune games for very little children. St. N., 23:33. Hallowe'en fortunes for boys and girls. Delin., 66:631. Masquerade, games, tests. W. H. C., 35:43. Decorations. W. H. C., 36:34. Old-fashioned games. St. N., 35:51. Children's celebration of Hallowe'en. St. N., 32:1124.
CHURCH PARTIES:
Mystic party. L. H. J., 22:57. For Young People's Soc. L. H. J., 26:34. "Phantom fair." W. H. C., 39:32.
CLUB PARTIES:
For Country Club. Invitation. Costumes. Supper. Dance. W. H. C., 41:30. "Candle-light café." W. H. C., 42. Oct., 1915.
COSTUMES:
Delin., 78:258.
COUNTRY-HOUSE PARTY:
Country Life, 18:624.
DANCES:
Dances, drills, costumes. Delin., 78:258. Hallowe'en party. W. H. C., 40:39. Barn party. W. H. C., 34:30.
DECORATIONS AND FAVORS:
Autumn-leaf decorations and prizes. Delin., 64:638. Cobweb party. Delin., 91:44. Hall: Handicraft for handy girls. Place-cards, verses. L. H. J., 28:50. L. H. J., 31:40. H. Bazar, 39:1046. L. H. J., 20:48. L. H. J., 16:38. Cinderella party. W. H. C., 34:30. Favors. H. Bazar, 45:516. Nut favors. W. H. C., 32:53. Original decorations. W. H. C., 32:32. Fads and frills. W. H. C., 32:24.
GAMES AND FORTUNES:
Witchery games for Hallowe'en. Delin., 64:576. H. Bazar., 33:1650. L. H. J., 20:48. L. H. J., 25:58. Blain: Games for Hallowe'en. Quaint customs. H. Bazar, 46:578. H. Bazar, 32:894. Witches' think cap. L. H. J., 32:29. Hallowe'en happenings. St. N., 35:51.
INVITATIONS:
H. Bazar, 33:1650.
PARTIES (miscellaneous):
H. Bazar, 28 pt. 2:841. H. Bazar, 32:894. L. H. J., 29:105. L. H. J., 30:103. Nut-crack night party. H. Bazar, 41:1106. Nut-crack party. H. Bazar, 38:1092. Novel party. W. H. C., 31:42. Yarn party. L. H. J., 26:63. L. H. J., 23:68. L. H. J., 14:25. Barn party. W. H. C., 34:30. Novel party with musical accompaniment. Musician, 18:665. Cotter's Saturday night. W. H. C., 38:40. "Ghosts I have met" party. Pantomime. W. H. C., 37:27. Two jolly affairs. W. H. C., 39:32. Tryst of witches. Good H., 53:463. Tam o' Shanter party. Delin., 85:26. Jolly good time. Delin., 74:367. Hints for Hallowe'en hilarities. L. H. J., 27:46. Jolly party. L. H. J., 19:41. Hallowe'en fun. L. H. J., 33:33. Pumpkin stunt party. W. H. C., 45. Oct., 1917. Character party. W. H. C., 45. Oct., 1917.
SCHOOL PARTIES:
"Cotter's Saturday night." W. H. C., 38:40. High school party. W. H. C., 42:34. How the college girl celebrates Hallowe'en. W. H. C., 31:16.
SUPPERS, TABLE DECORATIONS, MENUS:
Hallowe'en suppers. H. Bazar, 35:1670. H. Bazar, 37:1063. L. H. J., 24:78. L. H. J., 16:38. W. H. C., 40:39. W. H. C., 43:35. H. Bazar, 44:641. H. Bazar, 45:507. Hallowe'en party table. L. H. J., 29:44. H. Bazar, 32:894. Hallowe'en supper. Good H., 53:569.
The pages refer always to the October number of the year.
Supplementary List of Readings, Recitations, and Plays
* * * * *
TITLE AUTHOR SOURCE
_All Hallowe'en_ (story) All the Year Round, 60:347 _All Souls' Eve_ (story) Hopper Eng. Illus. Mag., 18:225 _All Souls' Eve_ (story) Lyall Temple Bar., 124:379 _Black cat_ (story) Poe _Boogah Man_ Dunbar Eldridge Entertainment House _Brier-Rose_ (story) Grimm Fairy tales _Broomstick brigade_ J. T. Wagner 6 Barclay St., N. Y. City _Bud's fairy tale_ (poem) Riley Child-world Children's Play with musical accompaniment Musician, 16:693 _Corn-song_ (poem) Whittier _Elder-tree mother_ (story) Andersen Fairy tales _Fairies_ (poem) Allingham _Fairy and witch_ (play) Nelson Eldridge Entertainment House _Feast of the little lanterns_ (operetta) Bliss _Fisherman and the genie_ _Arabian Nights_ (story) _Ghost_ (story) O'Connor _Ghosts I have met_ Bangs _Ghost's touch_ (story) Collins _Golden arm_ (story) Clemens _How to tell a story_ _Goblin stone_ (play) Wickes Child's Book, p. 127 _Guess who_ (song and drill) Murray Eldridge Entertainment House _Hallowe'en adventure_ McDonald Canad. Mag., 12:61 (story)
_Hallowe'en adventure_ Koogle Eldridge Entertainment (play) House _Hallowe'en frolic_ Cone St. N. 20 pt. 1:15 (poem) _Haunted gale_ (play) Wormwood Eldridge Entertainment House _House in the wood_ Grimm Fairy tales (story) _Little Butterkin_ Asbjornsen _Fairy tales from the (story) far north_ _Little Donna Juana_ Brooks (story) _Mother Goose recital_ Musician, 21:633 _Nix of the mill-pond_ Grimm Fairy tales (story) _Peter Pan in Kensington_ Barrie _Gardens_ (story) _Rapunzel_ (story) Grimm Fairy tales _Red shoes_ (story) Andersen Fairy tales _Scarecrows a-roaming_ Eldridge Entertainment (play) House _Seein' things_ (poem) Field Love songs of childhood _Snow-white_ (story) Grimm Fairy tales _Straw phantom_ (pantomime) Blackall St. N., 44:1133 _Testing of Sir Gawayne_ Merington _Festival plays_, (play) p. 211 _Voyage of Bran_ Meyer _Walpurgisnight_ (story) Zschokke _Wind in the rose-bush_ Freeman (story)
INDEX TO QUOTATIONS
* * * * *
TITLE |AUTHOR |PAGE |SOURCE --------------------------------------------------------------------- _All-hallows honeymoon_ | | |New Eng. Magazine, (story) |Marks |104 | 37:308 _All Souls' Eve_ (poem) |Marks, J.P.|31-32 | _Ancient Irish_ |O'Curry |7 | _Ballad of Tam Lin_ | |65 |Child's Ballads _Battle of the trees_ |Taliesin |7 |_Neo-druidical heresy_ _Caractacus_ (poem) |Mason |11 | _Celtic twilight_ (poem | | | in introduction to) |Yeats |58 | _Charms_ (poem) |Opper |161 |Munsey, 30:285 _Comus_ (play) |Milton |131 | _Cuchulain of Muirthemne_|Gregory |37-38- | | |39 | _Cuchulain's sick-bed_ | |42 | _Death of the flowers_ |Bryant |18-19 | (poem) | | | _Different party_ |Bradley |156-157|Harper's Bazar, 41:131 (story) | | | _Dinnsenchus of Mag | |21 |_Neo-druidical heresy_ Slecht_ | | | _Djinns_ (poem) |Hugo |148 | _Druid song of Cathvah_ | | | (poem) |Todhunter |9 | _Expedition of Nera_ | |44 | "Fair maid who" | |139 |Encyc. of Superstitions _Fairy-faith in Celtic | | | countries_ |Wentz |48-49 | _Fairy fiddler_ (poem) |Hopper |64 | _Fasti_ |Ovid |114 | _Faust_ (play) |Goethe |130 | _First winter song_ | | | (poem) |Graves |16 | "Five hundred points" |Tusser |98 | _Giles Corey of the Salem| | | Farms_ (play) |Longfellow |151-152| _Golden Legend_ |De Voragine|30 | _Great fir-tree of | | | Takasago_ (story) |Rinder |146 |_Old-world Japan_ "Green fairy island" |Parry |103 |Welsh Melodies _Hag_ (poem) |Herrick |66-67 | _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Burns |73-74- | | |75 | _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Coxe |18-19- | | |88-89- | | |96 | _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Letts |99-100 | _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Sheard |143 |Canadian mag., 36:33 _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Bangs |172-173|Harper's Weekly, Nov. | | | 5, 1910 _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Benton |176-177|Harper's Weekly, Oct. | | | 31, 1896 _Hallowe'en_ (poem) |Murray |178 |Harper's Weekly, Oct. | | | 30, 1909 _Hallowe'en Failure_ |Smith |175 |Harper's Weekly, Oct. (poem) | | | 29, 1910 _Hallowe'en or Christie's|Adams |169 |Scribner's, 3:26 fate_ (story) | | | _Hallowe'en in Ireland_ |Trant |51 |_Dewdrops and Diamonds_ _Hallowe'en Fantasy_ |Pyle |49 |Harper's Bazar, 31, pt. (play), | | | 2: 947 (Priest and the Piper)| | | _Hallowe'en reformation_ |Butterworth|149-150|Century, 27:48 (story) | | | _Hallowe'en wish_ (poem) |Munkittrick|93-94 |Harper's Weekly, Oct. | | | 27, 1900 _Hiawatha_ (poem) |Longfellow |145 | _Immortal Hour_ (play) |Sharp |39-40- |Fortn. Rev. 74:867 | |41 | _Jorinda and Joringel_ |Grimm |135 |Grimm's Fairy Tales (story) | | | _L'Allegro_ (poem) |Milton |86 | _Land of Heart's Desire_ | |36-43- | (play) |Yeats |45-47 | _Lavengro_ (story) |Borrow |129 | _Little Orphant Annie_ |Riley |152-153| _Loch Garman_ |O'Ciarain |36 | _Lycidas_ (poem) |Milton |85 | _Macbeth_ (play) |Shakspere |89 | _Monastery_ (story) |Scott |62-63- | | |76-103 | _Night of the dead_ |Le Braz |116-117|_Legend of the dead_ "On nuts burning" |Graydon |91-92 | _On the morning of | | | Christ's nativity_ | | | (poem) |Milton |28 | _Paradise Lost_ (poem) |Milton |120 | _Passing of Arthur_ |Tennyson |84 | (poem) | | | _Pastorals_ (poem) |Gay |74-75- | | |92-93- | | |94-95- | | |97 | _Peer Gynt_ (play) |Ibsen |131 | _Peter and Wendy_ (story)|Barrie |64 | _Polyolbion_ (poem) |Drayton |10 | _Pomona_ (poem) |Morris |23 | _Rip Van Winkle_ (play) |Jefferson |150-151| _Robin Goodfellow_ (poem)|Johnson |86 | _St. John's Eve_ (poem) |Kickham |12 | _St. John's Fire_ (play) |Sudermann |141 | _St. Swithin's Chair_ | | | (poem) |Scott |69 | "Soul, soul" | |98 |Notes and Queries _Spell_ (poem) |Gay |91 | _Splores of a Hallowe'en_| | | (poem) |Dick |72 | _Sunken bell_ (play) |Hauptmann |14 | _Tale of Hallowe'en_ | | | (story) | |76 |Leisure Hour, 23:765 _Tam Glen_ (poem) |Burns |79 | _Tam o' Shanter_ (poem) |Burns |67-68 | _Tannhäuser_ (play) |Wagner |132-133| _Tempest_ (play) |Shakspere |67 | _Three-fold chronicle_ |Sharp |54-56 |Harper's, 73:842 (story) | | | _Tom's Hallowe'en joke_ |Wright |154 |_Dewdrops and Diamonds_ (story) | | | _Twig of thorn_ (play) |Warren |44-45 | _Vertumnus and Pomona_ |Ovid |24 | (poem) | | | _Völuspa_ (poem) | |122 | _We girls_ (story) |Whitney |162-163| "When comes the harvest" |Botrel |112 |_Songs of Brittany_ _When de folks is gone_ |Riley |153 | (poem) | | | "When ebery one" | |160 |Werner's Readings, | | | No. 31 _Wild huntsman_ (poem) |Scott |90 | _Willie Baird_ (poem) |Buchanan |70 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------
INDEX
Aberdeenshire, 60
Adder-stone, (serpent's-egg badge), 11, 27
Ailill, 36-38, 39
Ale, 80, 103
All Hallows Eve, 29, 88, 102, 106. See also Hallowe'en
All Saints', 4, 29-30, 110, 118, 126
All Souls', 4, 30-31, 98-99, 106, 110, 113, 118, 142, 144
Alphabet, 96, 160, 166-167
America, 149, 153
Anaxarete, 24
Angus, 36, 38-39
Ankou, 109, 115
Apollo, 1, 129, 134
Apparitions. See Ghosts
Apples, 23, 26, 50-53, 72, 77-78, 92, 95, 103-104, 106-107, 115, 120, 149, 155, 157-158, 161, 162, 164, 166
Apple-island, 85
Apple-seeds, 92-93, 158-159
Arabs, 147
Ariel, 87
Armorica, 108
Arthur, King, 84, 108
Ash-tree, 63, 105, 122, 137; berries of, 29
Ashes, 56, 60, 68, 83
Augury. See Omens
August, Roman festival in, 25-26
August first, Celtic festival of, 15
Augustus, 27
Avilion (Avalon), 84-85, 107
Ayrshire, 68
Baal, 8, 12-13, 17
Baal-fire, 12
Baldur, 120-121
Balmoral, 61
Barra, 79
Bats, 134, 152, 155
Bay-leaves, 170
Bean, 94
Bedivere, 84
Belgian, 144
Beltaine, 12, 79
Bells, 99, 111, 116, 118, 132, 137, 142, 154
Benevento, 131
Bergen, 130
Black, 156
Black sheep, 17, 50
Black sow, 102
"Black vespers," 113
Blindfolded seekers, 33, 70, 73, 77-78, 83, 160
Blocksberg, 130, 141
Boats, 146, 163
Bochica, 1
Bonfires, 3, 8-9, 12, 13, 17, 21, 50, 59-61, 101-102, 125; to light through Purgatory, 31, 106; to protect from evil, 29, 101
Boniface, 29
Border, Scottish, 62, 81, 111
Bretons, 99, 110-111
Briar, 57
Briar-Rose, 125
Bride, 36
Britain, 5-6, 27, 87, 109, 111
British Isles, 5, 107, 109, 126
Brittany, 108-109, 142, 145, 166
Brynhild, 124
Buchan, 59
Button, 156, 164
Cabbages, 53-54, 70-72, 77, 95, 104, 164, 168-169
Cadwallo, King, 104
Caer, 38
Cæsar, 5-8, 109
Cake, 13, 33, 79, 97-98, 103, 144, 145, 156
Callcannon, 51
Canada, 167
Candlemas Day, 88
Candles, 50, 53, 55, 59, 69, 80, 95-96, 99, 112, 118, 145, 155, 158, 163
Cardiganshire, 102
Carnutes, 109
Cat, 11, 49, 66, 68, 134, 152, 155, 164
Catskill Mts., 150
_Celtic twilight_, 58
Celts, classes of, 5; beliefs, 6, 15, 18, 30, 33, 79, 82, 107-110, 124, 125, 142; characteristics of, 115, 119
Cemeteries, 54-55, 113-114, 142
Changelings, 35-36, 86
Charms. See Omens
Chartrain, 109
Cherokees, 3
Chinese, 145
Christ, 4-5, 27, 119
Christian religion, 3, 27-31, 50, 59, 83, 101, 109, 126, 129; in Britain, 27, 129; in Ireland, 42; in Brittany, 109; in Scandinavia, 126
Christmas, 3, 97, 110, 154
Church, 3-4, 30-31, 80, 89, 113, 118, 143, 144; festivals, 3
Circle, 8
Claudius, 27
Cluny, 30
Coel Coeth, 101
Coins, 51-52, 72, 156
Colonies, 149
Columb Kill. See St. Colomba
Connaught, 35
Continent, 3, 118
Corn, 138; -stalks, 155
Cornwall, 85, 108
Creed, 55
Crom Croich (Cruaich), 20-21
Cross, sun-symbol, 8; Christian, 29, 42, 63, 137; -roads, 65, 103, 137
Cruachan, 35, 37
Cuchulain, 41-42, 84
Cuckoos, 134, 139-140
Cyniver, 105, 168
Dagda, 39
Dahut, 111
Dance, 3, 44, 56, 61, 67, 80, 81-82, 103, 106, 126, 133
Danann. See Tuatha De Danann
Danu, 20
Dathi, 43
Dead, 19-20, 30, 37, 98-99, 109-117, 129, 142 _et seq._; return, 4, 99, 107, 114-117, 145, 146, 149; disturbed by weeping, 117, 145
Death, 10, 112, 156; Lord of. See Saman. Samhain associated with, 20-21, 30-31; prophesied, 52, 57, 60, 65, 83, 102, 106
Decoration of graves, 118, 144
Delphi, 129, 134
Derbyshire, 99
Deux-Sèvres, 109
Devil, 43, 50, 55, 57, 66-68, 89, 102, 133-135, 140
Dew, 136, 139
Dietrich von Bern, 131
Dishes, 73, 83, 104, 165, 168
Dispater, 109
Dissatisfied, 39-40, 57-58, 132, 141
Djinns, 147-148
Doll, wax, 151
Dolmens, 110
Dorsetshire, 99
Dovrefeld, 130
Dragon, 145
Dreams, 140; prophetic, 14, 57, 79, 165, 169
Drink, 57, 79
Druid, meaning, 6-7; draught, 42; festivals, 11, 26, 101; lamps, 73; stone, 11; stones, 110; wand, 7; -fire, 50, 166
Druids, 9-11, 29, 42-43, 92, 103, 109-110, 122-123, 126; as priests, 5-6; powers of, 7, 27
"Drus," 6
Dumb-cake, 80, 168
Dwarfs, 110
Earth, 54, 83, 165
Edane, 47. See also Etain
Edda, 124
Egg, 165, 167; white of, 77-78, 168; -shells, 36
Egyptian beliefs, 1, 18
Eichstatt, 136
Elder, 123, 137
Elizabeth, Queen, 99
Elm, 63
Elves, 121, 149, 152
Emer, 42
England, 87, 89, 97, 99, 106, 108, 119, 144
English, 149
Eochaidh, 39-40
Episcopalians, 30
Eriskay, 81
Etain, 39-40
Ethal, 38
Europe, 87, 130, 135, 142, 145
Excalibur, 84
Exorcism, 9, 29, 42
Fagots, 96, 169
Fairies, 6, 44, 46, 49, 61-65, 81-82, 84-85, 96, 103, 107, 110, 149
Fand, 41-42
Fates, 89, 123, 134
Feast, of dead, 116, 143; of poor, 144
Feng-Shin, 145
Feralia, 114
Fern, 14, 59
Finistère, 110, 117
Fir Bolgs, 20
Fire, 21, 23, 45, 123-125; -god, 120; spirits of, 147
Fires, 11, 17, 28-29, 50, 52, 101, 109, 112. See also Bonfires
_Flamina_, 25
Flour, 52, 57, 154, 158
Flowers, 118, 144
Fomor, 20, 35
Footprints, 57, 60, 83
"Forced-fire," 17
Fort Worth, 170
Forts, fairy, 37, 44, 46
France, 108, 110, 112, 118, 131, 142
Franks, 111
"Free-night," 141, 154
Freya, 120, 127, 129, 131, 134
"Furious Host," 131
Future, questions about, 34, 69
Gabriel Ratchets, 90
Gaul, 5-6, 27, 109, 119
Germans, 119
Germany, 130, 131, 134, 136, 144
Ghosts, 49, 63, 69, 76-77, 88, 116, 127, 144, 146, 152, 155. See also Dead
Glass, 10-11, 96, 166
Gnomes, 48
Goat, 67-68, 134
Goblin, 35-36, 61, 64, 149, 153
Gods of Ireland. See Tuatha De Danann
"Good Neighbors," 63
"Good People," 45, 49
Goths, 119
Grallon, 111
Great Britain. See Britain
Greek, 1, 5, 6, 30, 85, 120
Gregory, 29-30
Guleesh, 46
Gunnar, 124
Hair, 77, 96, 138, 166-167
Hallowe'en, 3-4, 35, 43, 46, 49-50, 61, 64-66, 68, 72, 79, 81, 85, 89, 90, 95-96, 99, 103, 105, 106, 112, 129, 138, 140, 142, 144, 149, 152, 154, 164, 165, 170; pagan, 3, 21; charms at, 26, 33, 53, 56; born on, 54, 62
_Hallowe'en_, poem, 70, 168
_Hansel and Grethel_, 134
Hares, 135
Hartz Mts., 130
Harvest, 3-4, 15, 17, 25, 30-31, 34, 59, 69, 97, 106, 112, 137, 155
Hawthorn, 123, 137
Hazel, 85
Hearts, 156
Hebrides, 79
Hel, 122, 131
Hemp, 14, 33, 53, 74
Henry VIII, 99
Henry Hudson, 150
Herbs, 46-47, 53, 66, 126, 129-130
Herne the Hunter, 90
Herodotus, 5
Hesperides, 85
Highlands, 59, 65, 77
Hodur, 121
Holda, 131-132, 136
Holiday, 61
Hollow Land, 41
Holly, 63
Hoop, 157
Horselberg, 131
Horseshoes, 138, 152
Horus, 1
Husking-bees, 3
Iceland, 125
Idun, 120
Immortality, 10, 85, 107, 120
Indians, 3, 145, 150
Invocation, 21, 92
Iona, 50
Iphis, 24
Ireland 3, 5, 13, 15, 17, 20, 35, 48-50, 59, 62, 72-73, 78-80, 104, 107, 127, 170; belief in fairies, 6, 35
Irish Sea, 20
Iron, 152
Italy, 119, 131, 142
Ivy, 57
Jack-o'-lantern, 49-50, 69, 121, 155
Japan, 2, 146
Jokes, 154
Jonah, 13
Juniper, 123, 137
Jupiter, 8
Kale. See Cabbages
Kensington Gardens, 64
Ker-Is, 111
Kettle, 89, 134, 155
Key, 55, 72, 144, 156
Laeg, 42
"Lambswool," 51
Lammas, 28
Lancashire, 99
Land of Heart's Desire, 36
Land of Youth, 40
"Lanterns of the dead," 112
Lanterns in Japan, 146
Latin. See Rome
Lead-melting, 55-56, 77, 168
Leek, 104-105
Legends, origin of, 2
Lemons, 170
Leprechauns, 48
Lewis, 80
Liban, 41
Lincolnshire, 89
"Little People," 48-49, 85
"Livelong," 53
Loki, 120
London, 97
Lords of Misrule, 88
Love-knots, 156
Lucifer, 120
"Luck of Edenhall," 96
Luggies. See Dishes
Lugh, 14-15
Lugnasad, 15, 28, 33
_Macbeth_, 123
Magic, 7, 15, 155; black, 28, 156
Maine, 165
Malt, 80
Malta, 144
Man, Isle of, 20, 82
Manitous, 150
Mars, 8
Martinmas, 62
Mary, Virgin, 29, 126, 132, 138, 145
Mary Avenel, 62
Maryland, 165
Massachusetts, 164
Master of the Revels, 97
May-bride, 126
May Eve and Day, 4, 11-13, 29, 33, 45, 47, 107, 125, 135, 136, _et seq._; -fires, 13, 61; -pole, 126; -ridings, 125; -shooting, 140
Meal, 83, 164
Meath, 15, 17
Medb, 36, 39
Meg, 68
"Men of Peace," 63
Mercury, 8, 15
Midir, 39-41
Middle Ages, 129
Midsummer, 3, 11, 20, 28, 33, 53, 125, 146
Milk, 45, 51, 112
Minerva, 8
Mirror, 85, 129, 146-147, 149, 161-162
_Miserere_, 142
Mistletoe, 7, 40, 120
Modred, 84
Mona, 27
_Monastery_, 62
Moon, 40, 74, 76, 77, 146, 155, 162
Moray, 59
Moytura, 20, 22, 35
Music, 36, 39-40, 43-47, 56, 64, 67, 87, 111
Myths, origin of, 2
Naples, 142
Needles, 117, 133, 151, 158, 166
Negroes, 153
Nera, 37, 107
Net, 83
Neverland, 64
New Brunswick, 167
New Hampshire, 165
New Year, 82, 102, 154. See also Year's end
New Year's Day, 17
Niflheim, 122
Nikko, 146
Norse, 80, 82, 119, 134
Norway, 1, 126, 130
"Nos Galan Gaeof," 102
November, Eve, 33, 35, 37, 44, 50, 59, 79, 101-102, 107, 112, 137; first, 4, 11, 16, 25-26, 137, 144; in Rome, 30; second, 30, 118, 144
Nuts, 26, 33, 50-52, 73, 90-92, 103-104, 109, 115, 144, 155, 159-160, 169
Oak, 6-7, 27, 40, 122
Oats, 55, 77
Oatmeal cakes, 79
Obsession, 44
October 31st, 4, 10, 17, 50, 82, 85, 118
Odin, 120, 124, 129, 131
"Oidhche Shamhna," 50
Olaf, 126
Omens, 14, 22, 26, 50-52, 104, 117, 137; from sacrifices, 9, 17, 33, 123, 166; evil, 28
Oonah, 45
Ops, 23
Ordeal, 9, 123-124
Osiris, 1, 18
Ossian, 47-48, 150
Ostia, 25
Otherworld, 19, 39, 42, 47, 84, 103, 107, 111, 115, 121, 146, 150
Ovid, 24, 114
Owls, 134, 152, 155
Paddy Beg, 46-47
Paddy More, 46-47
Paganism, 30, 35, 59, 109, 141
Pageant, 170
Pantheon, 29
Paradise, 31
Partholon, 13
Parties, Hallowe'en, 155
Peace, 171
Peas, 92, 94
Pelagius, 83
Pennsylvania, 165
Perthshire, 59
Peru, 1
Peter Pan, 63-64
Ph[oe]nicians, 5
Picts, 108
Piper, fairy, 43-44, 64, 87
Pixies, 103, 110
Pomona, 4, 23-26, 50, 85, 155
Pontypridd, 101
_Preparedness for Peace_, 170
Procopius, 111
Prophets, Druids as, 9, 43; witches as, 89, 134, 151
Pumpkins, 155, 160
Purgatory, 31, 99, 106, 145
Puy de Dome, 131
"Puzzling-jug," 103-104
Races, 15, 26
Rapunzel, 125
Red Mike, 54, 62
Rick, 55
Ring, 51-52, 55, 72, 96, 156, 165, 168
Rip Van Winkle, 150
Rome, 8, 23-30, 114, 119-120; relations to Druids, 27; All Saints' in, 32
Roses, 105
Rowan. See Ash-tree
Sacrifices, 20, 109, 137; to Baal, 8-9, 11-13, 17, 101; omens from, 33; to Tyr, 123
St. Augustine, 83
St. Bridget, 45
St. Colomba, 50
St. Gertrude, 126
St. John's Day and Eve, 3, 28, 109, 110, 137, 141
St. Kilda, 79
St. Michael, 85
St. Ninian, 83
St. Odilo, 30
St. Patrick, 5, 43, 83
Saga, 124
Salerno, 142
Salt, 57, 67, 79, 82, 83, 134, 169
Saman, 10, 31, 50, 80
Samhain (Sáveen), 16, 18, 20-22, 26, 31, 35-36, 38, 40-41, 43, 48, 59, 65, 82
Samhnagan, 60
Samhanach, 64
Sark. See Shirt
Satan, 120, 133
Sauin. See Samhain
Scandinavia, 119, 126, 134
Scotland, 59, 78, 79, 81, 82, 99, 104, 127, 156; belief in fairies in, 6, 62-64
Scots, 108
Seasons, 1
Seaweed, 80
Secrecy, 45, 77-78, 124, 155; in Druid rites, 9-10, 124
Seed-cake, 97
Seeds, 14, 92, 121
Serpent's-egg. See Adder-stone
Seville, 131
Shee, 39
Shirt-sleeve, wetting the, 56, 78-79, 126-129, 165
Shoe, 77, 170
Shony, 80
Shropshire, 98
"Sid," 37, 49. See also Forts
Sigurd, 124
Sîtou, 18
Sleep, 39, 47, 87, 124-125
Sloe, 52, 85
Snakes. See Adder-stone
Snap-apple. See Apples
Sol, 1
Soul-cakes. See Cake
South, 165
South Uist, 81
Sowens, 79
Spain, 131, 144
Spectre Huntsman, 90
Spirits, 6, 20, 103; abroad, 14, 22, 31, 35, 44, 48; evil, 4, 18, 20, 56, 63, 87, 99, 129
Staffordshire, 98
Stones, 60, 101-102, 106, 109
Stories, 81, 96, 149, 169
Straw, 77, 99
Strunt, 79
"Summer's end," 3-4, 11-12, 16, 25, 44
Sun-god, 1-3, 8, 15, 44, 84-85, 87, 120-121, 124, 126, 136; -worship, 21; -wise, 3, 17, 60, 67
Superstitions, 33, 62, 83, 135, 153-154
Swans, 38-39, 41
Swastika, 8
Sweden, 126, 133
Symbols, 7-8, 28
Tam o' Shanter, 68-69, 89
Tannhäuser, 131-133
Tara, 17, 21, 43, 48, 59
_Tempest_, 87
Teuton, 108, 124, 142
Teutonic, 4, 125
Thanksgiving, 3-4; for harvest, 59
Thimble, 51, 72, 83, 156
Thor, 134
Thorn, 45
Thread, 138, 167
Thuringia, 131
Tiberius, 27
Tigernmas, 20-21
"Tin Islands," 5
Tlactga, 17
Toads, 152
Toasts, 126
Todmorden, 90
Torches, 14, 60-61, 68, 99
Tree-worship, 7-8, 92, 123
Trefoil, 8, 29
Trinity, 29
Tripod, 65, 134, 155
Trolls, 121, 130, 150
Tuatha De Danann, 20, 29, 38-39, 43, 48-50, 107-108
Tub, 53, 93, 96, 160; apples in. See Apples
Tyr, 123
United States, 153
Valhalla, 121-122
Vali, 121
Valkyries, 122, 136
Vandals, 119
Venus, 131-132
Vertumnus, 24-25
Vortumnalia, 25
Vulcan, 120
Vurdh, 123
Wales, 27, 101, 105, 106, 108, 144, 168; belief in fairies in, 6
Walnut-tree, 92
Walpurga, 136
Ward, Hill of. See Tara
Water, 57, 68, 97, 165
Wedding of sun and earth, 126, 136
"Weird Sisters," 123
Wendy, 64
Wheel, sun-symbol, 8, 13, 17; of fortune, 163
White Lady, 62
Wild Huntsman, 90, 131
Will-o'-the-wisps, 121
Windsor Forest, 90
Winnowing, 75-76
Winter, first day of, 18, 44, 87, 102, 112
Witches, 4, 60-61, 65-69, 89, 99, 101, 129-131, 133-135, 146, 155
Witchcraft, 4, 81, 89, 134
Wood, 52, 57, 97
Wotan. See Odin
Yarn, 55, 75, 104, 140, 165
Year's end, 10, 17-18, 84
Yellow, 156
Yggdrasil, 122
Yorkshire, 97
Yule, 3, 126
Zschokke, 140
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
Represented the "oe" ligature as [oe].
Adjusted placement of footnotes.
Page 88: Retained alternate spelling of "Candelmas" in quoted material versus standard spelling in index.
Page 182: Standardized punctuation.
Pages 191 & 194: Standardized index cross-reference words.
Page 204: Standardized spelling of "sick-bed."
Page 207: Standardized spelling of _Völuspa_.
End of Project Gutenberg's The Book of Hallowe'en, by Ruth Edna Kelley