Part 6

Captain Thomas Graeme, of Duchray, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Captain James Abercrombie.

Captain John Campbell, of Strachur, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Captain John Campbell, of Duneavis, killed at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant William Grant, of Rothiemurchus family, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Robert Gray, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant John Campbell, younger of Glenyon, wounded at Ticonderoga.[39]

Lieutenant George Farquharson, son of Farquharson of Micris, Braemar, killed at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Sir James Cockburn.[40]

Lieutenant Kenneth Tolmie.

Lieutenant James Grant (Adjutant), wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant John Graham (quartermaster) wounded at Ticonderoga and wounded at Fort Pitt.

Lieutenant Hugh McPherson, killed at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Alex. Turnbull, of Strathcavers, wounded at Martinique.

Lieutenant Alex. Campbell, son of Inverawe, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Alex. McIntosh, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant James Gray.

Lieutenant William Baillie, killed at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Hugh Arnot.

Lieutenant John Sutherland, killed at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant John Small.

Lieutenant Archibald Campbell.

Lieutenant James Campbell.

Lieutenant Archibald Lamont.

Ensign Duncan Campbell, wounded at Fort Pitt.

Ensign Patrick Balneavis,[41] son of Edradour, wounded at Ticonderoga, wounded at Martinique.

Ensign Patrick Stewart,[42] son of Bonskeid, killed at Ticonderoga.

Ensign Norman MacLeod.

Ensign George Campbell.

Ensign Donald Campbell.

Ensign James McIntosh, wounded at Fort Pitt.

Ensign Alex. McIntosh, wounded at Martinique.

Ensign Peter Grant, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Three additional Companies embarked for America, November, 1757.

Captain James Stewart, younger of Urrard, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Captain James Murray, son of Lord G. Murray, wounded at Ticonderoga, wounded at Martinique.

Captain Thomas Stirling, younger of Ardoch, wounded at Martinique, wounded at New Jersey.

Lieutenant Simon Blair.

Lieutenant David Barclay, killed at Martinique.

Lieutenant Archibald Campbell, wounded at Ticonderoga.

Lieutenant Alex. Mackay.

Lieutenant Alex. Menzies.

Lieutenant David Milne,[43] wounded at Ticonderoga, wounded at Martinique.

Ensign Duncan Stewart, son of Derculich.

Ensign George Rattray, son of Dalralzion, killed at Ticonderoga.

Ensign Alex. Farquharson.

Ensign John Smith is added in ink to the 1858 Army List in the N. Y. State Library at Albany and is also marked as “wounded at Ticonderoga.”

B

ROLL OF CAPT. JOHN REID’S COMPANY, NOV. 1757.

The following is the roll of Capt. John Reid’s Company of the 42nd, which was commanded by Capt. James Murray during the expedition. Taken from Atholl Records, page 440, Vol. III.

Capt. James Murray, wounded. Lieut. Kenneth Tolmie. Lieut. David Mill, wounded. Ensign Charles Menzies. Sergt. James McNab. Sergt. John McAndrews. Sergt. John Watson. Sergt. Alex’r Cumming. Corporal John Cumming. Corporal Jonathan Grant. Corporal Angus McDonald. Corporal John Stewart. Drum Walter McIntyre, killed. Drum Alan Campbell.

_Privates_

Wm. Anderson. John Buchanan, killed. Angus Cameron. Hugh Cameron, killed. Wm. Carmichael. Donald Carr, killed. Hugh Christie. Alex. Cumming. James Farquharson, killed. Alex Fraser. Donald Fraser. Donald Fraser. Hugh Fraser. Hugh Fraser, killed. John Forbes. John Graham. Donald Grant. James Grant. John Grant. John Grant. William Grant. James Gordon. William Gordon. Donald Kennedy. Donald Kennedy. John Kennedy. George McAdam. John McArthur. Donald McColl. Donald McDiarmid. Angus McDonald. Arch’d McDonald. Arch’d McDonald, killed. James McDonald, killed. John McDonald. Lachlan McDonald. William McDonald, killed. Neil McEachern. Peter McFarlane. Peter McFarlane, killed. John McGillvray. Leonard McGlashan. Alex McGregor. Donald McGregor. Robert McGregor. John McIntosh. Alex McIntyre. Donald McIntyre. James McIntyre, killed. Hector McInven. Hugh McKay. Alex’r McKenzie. Hugh McKenzie. John McKenzie, killed. John McKenzie. Roderick McKenzie. Dougall McLachlan, killed. John McLaren. Roderick McLaren. Neil McLeod. Norman McLeod, killed. Donald McLeish. Donald McLeish. William McLinnion. Neil McMillan. Donald McNeil, killed. Neil McNeil. Hugh McPhee. John McPhee. Alex McPherson. Donald McPherson. Donald McQueen, killed. James Michael. Donald Murray. James Murray. James Rea. Alex’r Reid. Alex’r Ross. Donald Ross. Hugh Ross, killed. John Ross. Donald Robertson. Neil Shaw. John Sinclair, died of wounds. John Smith. Walter Spaulding. Alex’r Stewart. Charles Stewart, died of wounds. Donald Stewart, died of wounds. Walter Stewart, died of wounds. Robert Urquhart. Donald Watson. Donald Wheet. William Wishart. Duncan Wright.

The above roll was made out at the muster in October, 1757, and contains the names of those who served in the Company for the previous six months. Unfortunately the names of the non-commissioned officers and men who were wounded at Ticonderoga are not shown.

C

ROLL OF CAPT. JAMES MURRAY’S COMPANY, NOV. 1757.

This Company was at Fort Edward captained by Capt. James Abercrombie and not in the battle of July 8, 1758.

Atholl Records, p. 431, Vol. III.

Sergt. Wm. Grant. Sergt. Charles Robinson. Sergt, John McQueen. Corporal John Leslie. Corporal Robert Lachlan. Drummer Alan Campbell.

_Privates_

George Bremmer. Donald Brown. Duncan Cameron. John Campbell. Donald Conacher. William Cowie. James Douglas. Donald Drummond. James Duncan. Alex Fraser (1). Alex Fraser (2). William Fife. Robert Grant. Alex Irvine. James Kennedy. Duncan McAndrew. Donald McDiarmid. Archibald McDonald. Archibald McDonald. Donald McDonald. John McDonald. William McDonald. Peter McFarlane. Alex’r McIntosh. Robert McIntosh. Robert McIntosh. William McIntosh. Donald McLean. Donald McLean. Thos. McNab. Alex McPherson. James McPherson. Donald McRaw. Robert Menzies. William Munroe. John Murray. Alex’r Nicholson. Alex’r Norrie. Alex’r Reid. Alex’r Robertson. Angus Robertson. Archibald Robertson. Charles Robertson. Donald Robertson. James Robertson. James Robertson. John Robertson. Peter Robertson. James Scroggie. Alex’r Stewart. Alex’r Stewart. Alex’r Stewart. John Stewart. Robert Stewart. Thomas Stewart. William Stewart. John Wighton. John Wighton.

D

_LIST OF PROMOTION 42D REGIMENT OF FOOT._

_From Paper in Public Record Office, London._

DATE RANK NAME 1758 IN ROOM OF

Major Gordon Graham 17th July Duncan Campbell, dead Captain William Grant 23d ” Gordon Graham, promoted Capt. Lieut. Robert Gray 22d ” John Campbell, killed Lieut. Duncan Campbell 23d ” William Grant, promoted ” Donald Campbell 24th ” Robert Gray, promoted ” James McIntosh 25th ” George Farquharson, killed ” John Smith 26th ” Hugh McPherson, killed ” Peter Grant 27th ” William Baillie, killed ” Duncan Stewart 28th ” John Sutherland, killed ” Alex. Farquharson 29th ” Hugh Arnotte, pref’d (80th foot) Ensign Arch. Campbell, Jr. 21st ” Norman McLeod, pref’d (80th foot) ” John Gregor 22nd ” George Campbell, pref’d (80th foot) ” Lewis Grant 23d ” Patrick Stewart, killed ” Arch. Campbell, Sen’r 24th ” George Ratthray, killed ” John Graham 25th ” Duncan Campbell, promoted ” Allen Grant 26th ” Donald Campbell, promoted ” John Leith 27th ” Jas. McIntosh, promoted ” Charles Menzies 28th ” John Smith, promoted ” Archibald McNab 29th ” Peter Grant, promoted

E

COMPARISON OF LOSSES OF BLACK WATCH AT TICONDEROGA WITH THOSE OF OTHER WARS.

In the “Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 1861, 1865. A treatise in the extent and nature of the mortuary losses in the Union Regiments, with full and exhaustive statistics compiled from the official records on file on the State Military Bureaus and at Washington, by William F. Fox, Lieut. Col. U. S. V., president of the Society of the 12th Army Corps; late president of the 107th New York Veteran Volunteer Association. Albany Publishing Company, Albany, N. Y., 1899.” The writer states that he has examined the records of 2,000 regiments of the Union Army and on page 2 he says, “The one regiment in all the Union Army which sustained the greatest loss in battle during the American Civil War was the 5th New Hampshire Infantry. It lost 295 men, killed or mortally wounded in action during the four years of service from 1861 to 1865. It served in the first division, second corps. This division was commanded successively by General Richardson, Hancock, Caldwall, Barlow and Miles and any regiment that followed the fortunes of these men was sure to find plenty of bloody work cut out for it. Its loss includes 18 officers killed, a number far in excess of the usual proportions and indicates that the men were bravely led.”

“There were 34 regiments of the Union Army whose casualties in killed, wounded or missing amounted to 58 per cent or over of the men engaged in one battle in each case, however, there was not a full regiment engaged. For example, the 1st Minnesota at Gettysburg, which was the highest per centage, had 47 killed and 168 wounded, or a total loss of 215 out of 262 men engaged. This is a loss of 82 per cent.

The 9th Illinois at Shiloh had 61 killed, 300 wounded and 5 missing, a total of 63.3 per cent.

The Light Brigade which has been immortalized by Tennyson took 673 officers and men into that charge at Balaklava in which 113 were killed and 134 wounded, a total of 247 or 36.7 per cent.

The heaviest loss in the German army of the Franco-Prussian war was the 16th Infantry (3d Westphalian) at Mars LaTour which had 509 killed, 619 wounded, 365 missing, a total of 1,484 or 49.4 per cent. out of 3,000 men. The regiments of the German army had 3,000 men.”

The above are the greatest casualties suffered in three great wars taken from a book compiled by an authority who had made a study of the subject. Compare with these the loss of the Black Watch at Ticonderoga given by Col. Stewart of Garth as 8 officers, 9 sergeants and 297 men killed and 17 officers, 10 sergeants and 306 soldiers wounded or a casualty of 647 (64.7 per cent) out of the 1,000 men of the 42nd reported by General Abercrombie at Lake George, June 29, 1758.

F

TABLE OF LOSSES OF BLACK WATCH IN SEVEN YEAR WAR.

The loss sustained by the regiment during the seven years it was employed in America and the West Indies was as follows:

======================================================================== KILLED WOUNDED ------------------------------------------------------------------------ F C S S D P | F C S S D P i a u e r r | i a u e r r e p b r u i | e p b r u i l t a j m v | l t a j m v d a l e m a | d a l e m a i t a e t | i t a e t O n e n r e | O n e n r e f s r t s s | f s r t s s f n s | f n s i s | i s c | c e | e r | r s | s ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ticonderoga, July 8, 1758 1 1 6 9 2 297 | - 5 12 10 - 306 Martinique, January, 1759 - - - - - 8 | - - 1 2 - 22 Guadeloupe, Feb. and Mar., 1759 - - 1 1 - 25 | - - 4 3 - 57 General Amherst’s E-pedition to | the Lakes, July and Aug., 1759 - - - - - 3 | - - - 1 - 4 Martinique, Jan. and Feb., 1762 - 1 1 6 - 12 | 1 1 7 3 1 72 Havana, June and July, 1762, | both battalions - - - - - 6 | - - - 1 - 12 E-pedition under Colonel Boquet, | August, 1763 - 1 1 1 - 26 | - 1 1 2 2 30 Second E-pedition under Boquet, | in 1764 and 1765 - - - - - 7 | - - - 1 - 19 ------------------|------------------- Total in the Seven Year’s War 1 3 9 12 2 384 | 1 7 25 22 4 522 ======================================================================== Stewart of Garth, Appendix.

G

OFFICIAL TITLES OF BLACK WATCH AT DIFFERENT PERIODS.

1667 to 1739, The Black Watch.

1739 to 1749, The Regiment was known during this period by the names of its Colonels, as was the custom in the British Army at that time, Earl of Crawford’s, Lord Sempill’s, Lord John Murray’s. It was also called The Highland Regiment. It is said that the Regiment was at first the 43d Regt. of Foot, but while it was 43d in order of precedence it is a question if it was ever officially called the 43d.

1749 to 1758, 42nd Regiment of Foot (The Highland Regiment).

1758 to 1861, 42nd (or Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot.

1861 to 1881, 42nd Royal Highlanders (The Black Watch).

1881 to date, 1st Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).

* * * * *

1758 to 1786, 2nd Battalion 42nd (or Royal Highland), Regiment of Foot.

1786 to 1862, 73d (Highland) Regiment of Foot.

1862 to 1881, 73d (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot.

1881 to date, 2nd Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).

PRINCIPAL CAMPAIGNS, BATTLES, ETC.

* “Honors” on the Colors, the figures showing the Battalion concerned.

1743-47 Flanders. 1745 Fontenoy. 1745 Jacobite rising. 1757-60 Canada. 1758 Ticonderoga. 1759 Guadeloupe. 1762 Martinique. 1762 Havannah. 1762-67 Indian Frontier. 1763 Bushy Run. 1775-81 America. 1776 Long Island. 1776 White Plains. 1776 Brooklyn. 1776 Fort Washington. 1777 Pisquata. 1777 Brandywine. 1777 Germantown. 1778 Freehold. 1780 Charlestown. *1783 Mysore (2). *1783 Mangalore (2). 1793 Pondicherry. 1793-95 Flanders. 1793 Nieuport. 1794 Nimeguen. 1795 Ceylon. 1795 Guildermalsen. 1796 St. Lucia. 1797 St. Vincent. 1798 Minorca. *1799 Seringapatam (2). 1799 Genoa. 1799 Cadiz. 1800 Malta. *1801 Egypt (1). 1801 Alexandria. 1801 Aboukir. 1801 Mandora. *1808-14 Peninsula (1). 1808 Roleia. 1808 Vimiera. *1809 Corunna (1). 1810 Busaco. *1811 Fuentes d’Onor (1). 1812 Ciudad Rodrigo. 1812 Salamanca. 1812 Burgos. *1813 Pyrenees (1). 1813 Gohrde. *1813 Nivelle (1). *1813 Nive (1). *1814 Orthes (1). 1814 Antwerp. *1814 Toulouse (1). 1815 Quatre Bras. *1815 Waterloo (1 and 2). 1815 Netherlands. *1846-53 South Africa (2). *1854 Alma (1). 1854 Balaclava. 1854 Kertch. 1855 Yenikale. *1855 Sevastopol (1). 1857-58 Indian Mutiny. 1857 Cawnpore. *1858 Lucknow (1). *1874 Ashantee (1). *1882-84 Egypt (1). *1882 Tel-el-Kebir (1). *1884-85 Nile (1). 1884 El-Teb. 1884 Tamai. *1885 Kirbekan (1). *1899-1902 South Africa. *1900 Paardeberg.

H

BRITISH REGIMENTS AT TICONDEROGA, 1758.

_With Notes From Farmer’s Regimental Records._

27th.

1751-1881, The 27th (Inniskilling) Regiment of Foot. Also 1758 “Lord Blakeney’s.”

1881 (from) First Battalion “The Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers.”

Nickname--“The Lumps.”

Notes.--Formed from three Companies of the Inniskilling forces. It is unique in using the old Irish war-pipes. While employed on the Isthmus of Darien all but nine of six hundred men succumbed. For distinguished gallantry at St. Lucia, in 1696, it was directed that the French garrison in marching out should lay down their arms to the 27th, other marks of favor being likewise accorded to the officers and men of the regiment.

42nd.

1749-58, 42nd Regiment of Foot (The Highland Regiment).

1758-1861, 42nd (or Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot. Also “Lord John Murray’s,” 1758 and 59.

1881 (from) 1st Battalion The Black Watch (Royal Highlanders).

Regimental Badges-“The Royal Cypher within the Garter.” The badge and motto of the Order of the Thistle. Also (in each of the four corners) the Royal Cypher ensigned with the Imperial Crown. Also “The Sphinx” (for Egypt, 1801).

Notes.--The 1st Battalion of this famous corps, the oldest Highland regiment in the British army, was raised from six Independent companies of Highlanders. Its sombre dress of black, blue, and green tartan gave rise to its popular name. To enumerate its services is simply to narrate the military history of Great Britain since the early part of the last century. Hardly a campaign has been conducted, or a battle fought, in which the Black Watch--one battalion or the other, or both in company--has not participated; always with bravery, and frequently with conspicuous gallantry. Thereto its records of services abundantly testifies. At Fontenoy, Ticonderoga, and at Bushy Run “extraordinary and unexampled” gallantry was shown. It received Royal distinction in its change of title in 1758, and was privileged to wear the red heckle in the bonnet, in recognition of its conduct at the battle of Guildermalsen in 1795. In Egypt (in 1801, for which it bears “The Sphinx”), before Alexandria, it captured the Standard of the French Invincible Legion. Since then it has heaped fame on fame, and added “honor” to “honor” to its colours. Nor has the 2nd Battalion (raised in Perthshire in 1758 as the second Battalion of the 42nd, but, renumbered, long known as the 73rd prior to the territorial restoration of the ancient status) failed to win fresh laurels as occasion arose. At Mangalore (1783) against Tippoo Sahib, and side by side with the senior Battalion at Waterloo, in the Netherlands, in the Indian Mutiny, and in the Kaffir wars of 1846-53, it has worthily sustained the undying fame of the regiment. Recent events in South Africa show that neither the officers nor the men of today have lost one iota of that traditional dash, determination, and the bravery which have won for the Black Watch so glorious a place in British military annals.

44th.

1751-82, The 44th Regiment of Foot. Also 1758, “General Abercrombie’s.”

1881 (from) The First Battalion “The Essex Regiment.”

Nicknames--“The Two Fours” (of the 44th). “The Little Fighting Fours,” (the regiment saw hard service in the Peninsula, and its men were of small average stature). “The Pompadours” and “Saucy Pompeys.” (Tradition relates that when the facings were changed in 1764 (the crimson not wearing well) the Colonel desired Blue, but the authorities objecting, he chose Purple, a favorite color of Madame de Pompadour, a mistress of Louis XV, of France).

Notes.--The 44th captured an Eagle of the 62nd French Infantry at Salamanica.

46th.

1751-82, The 46th Regiment of Foot. Also 1758 “Lieut. Gen. Thomas Murray’s.”

1881 (from) Second Battalion “Duke of Cornwall’s Light infantry.”

Nicknames--These pertain to the late 46th; “Murray’s Buck’s” (from Colonel name (1743-64) and its smart appearance on home duty in Scottish Royal livery). “The Surprisers” (from an incident (1777) in the American War). “The Lacedemonians” (its Colonel once when under fire, made a disciplinarian speech concerning the Lacedemonians). Also in early days, “The Edinburgh Regiment.” “The Red Feathers.” “The Docs” (the initials).

Note.--“The Two Feathers” is a distinction of the 46th, a Light company of which, in 1777, with others were brigaded as “The Light Battalion.” The Americans were so harrassed by the Brigade that they vowed “No Quarter.” In derision, to prevent mistakes, the Light Battalion dyed their feathers red; the 46th Foot alone has retained the distinction.

55th

1757-82, The 55th Regiment of Foot. Also “Lord Howe’s” in 1858 and “Prideaux’s” in 1759.

1881 (from) Second Battalion “The Border Regiment.”

Nickname--“The Two Fives” (to the 55th for its number).

Notes.--The Dragon of China is on the Regimental Badge of the 55th in honor of the victorious campaign in China in 1840-42.

1st and 4th Battalions 60th.

1755-57, The 62nd (Royal American) Regiment of Foot; renumbered.

1757-1824, The 60th (Royal American) Regiment of Foot.

1881 (from) Second Battalion “The Border Regiment.”

Notes.--This regiment, though possessing no “Colors,” bears more honors than any other regiment, the Highland Light Infantry coming next with twenty-nine. Motto, “Swift and Bold,” bestowed according to tradition by General Wolfe in recognition of its conduct at Quebec.

80th.

1758-64, The 80th (Light-armed) Regiment of Foot. Also “Gage’s.” (Disbanded 1764).

The Royal Regiment of Artillery.

One arm or other of this branch of the Service has, obviously, taken part in every campaign; a particularized list is therefore unnecessary. The guns are the “Colours” of the Artillery, and as such are entitled to all “parade honours.” Formerly, regimental honors appear to have been worn by certain companies. Amongst such are “Niagara,” “Leipsic,” “Waterloo,” and “The Dragon of China.”

Nicknames--“The Gunners;” “The Four-wheeled Hussars” (of the Royal Horse Artillery).