The automobile owner's guide

Explaining the cycle. The 4-, 6-, 8-, 12-cylindered engine -- The Knight sleeve valve engine -- S. A. E. Horse Power Scale -- Displacement-Engine charts -- Lubrication oils and...

Voltage -- Amperage -- Ohms -- Current -- Circuit -- Low Tension Current -- High Tension Current -- Induction Coil -- Commutator -- Insulation -- Shunt or choking coil -- Fuse -...

Operating principle -- Primary or low tension circuit -- Secondary or high tension circuit -- Timing magneto gears -- Timing magneto with engine -- The condenser -- Safety spark...

Wiring ignition distributor -- Ignition coil -- Breaker box and distributor head assembly -- Condenser -- Breaker contacts -- Breaker cam -- Distributor head -- Automatic spark...

Type K-2-Operating principle -- Operation of contact maker -- Contactless distributor -- Wiring diagram of current flowage -- Setting and timing the unisparker -- Timing with en...

Clutch operation -- Gear shifting -- Change speeds -- Cone clutch -- Cone clutch care -- Cone clutch adjustment -- Multiple disc clutch -- Borg and Beck clutch -- Borg and Beck...

Operation of worm and sector type -- Adjustment of worm and sector type -- Worm and nut type -- Adjustment of worm and nut type -- Rack and pinion type -- Connections -- Drag li...

A great many experiments were conducted with the explosive type of motor between 1840 and 1860. These motors were very heavy and crude affairs and furnished little or no power....

We will use for purposes of illustration the common four-cylinder, four cycle, cast en bloc, “L”-head type of motor, as this type is used probably by 90% of the automobile manuf...

The proper and accurate functional operation of the valves is as necessary to successful motor operation as the proper adjustment of a hairspring is to a watch, for if a hairspr...

The four-cycle or Otto stroke type of gasoline engine should rightly be called the four-stroke-cycle engine, as it requires four strokes and two revolutions of the crank shaft t...

A carburetor is a metering device whose function is to mechanically blend liquid fuel with a certain amount of air to produce as nearly a homogeneous mixture as possible, and in...

Fig. 34 shows a through section of the new “Nitro”-Sunderman carburetor. This is practically a new model presented to the automobile industry for 1919 and 1920. It is claimed th...

Fig. 39 shows the Stewart carburetor used on Dodge Brothers cars, which is of the float feed type in which a fine spray of gasoline is drawn from an aspirating tube by a current...

Fig. 40 shows the Carter carburetor which embodies a radically new principle. It belongs to the multiple-jet type, but possesses this striking difference, variations in fuel lev...

The Pilot tube principle is introduced for the first time in the carburetor and this Pilot tube or improved type of gasoline nozzle is so designed or built that it automatically...

Experiments have been carried on for quite some time pertaining to the development of a more successful carburetor which will burn the heavier fuels. The chief difficulty encoun...

Heat added to the manifold is the probable solution of the present low-test fuel supplied to the motorist. In the first place you may be satisfied if your motor runs and does no...

Cooling systems are provided on all types of gasoline engines. As the heat generated by the constant explosions in the cylinders would soon overheat and ruin the engine were it...

The muffler was designed to silence the otherwise loud report of the exploding charge of gas, which is released from the cylinders by the sudden opening of the exhaust valves.

The vacuum systems have proved to be one of the important inventions pertaining to successful motor operation. They are self contained, simple in construction and automatic in o...

Before taking up the study of automobile ignition systems and electrical appliances, we will first devote a little time to study, in order to become familiar with the different...

The purpose of the magneto is to furnish electrical current at regular intervals, to jump the spark plug gaps and to ignite the gas which has been compressed in the combustion c...

Like all other types of high tension magnetos, the Bosch Type ZR. Ed. 16 explained in this chapter, generates its own current and is usually employed as sole ignition on an engine.

One point that cannot be over sufficiently emphasized is the warning that only those who are thoroughly familiar with the magneto should attempt to disassemble it. Therefore eve...

The N.-E. Model O Distributor Ignition System is used on Dodge Brothers cars. This system provides high tension ignition for the engine by transforming the low voltage of the st...

Atwater Kent ignition systems have been adopted of late by many prominent automobile manufacturers as a means of distributing or conveying electrical spark to the cylinders at t...

The operating principle of the Atwater Kent ignition system type K-2, differs from type CC system in that it operates on the open circuit plan, whereas the type CC system explai...

The Philbrin ignition system consists of a specially designed contact maker and interrupter, a distributor mounted on the same shaft, a nonvibrating heat and moisture proof coil...

A great many different types of mechanical, and compressed air starters were devised and tried out as equipment by the manufacturers of automobiles a few years ago. These device...

Fig. 89 shows a diagram of the Bijur lighting and starting system on the Jeffrey “Chesterfield-six.” The generator supplies current for the lights and charges a storage battery...

The North East starter system shown in Fig. 91¹⁄₂ comprises the North East Model G starter-generator and the combined starting switch and reverse current cut-out. This equipment...

The motor generator which is located on the right side of the engine is the principal part of the Delco System. This consists essentially of a dynamo with two field windings, an...

The modern storage battery does not produce or generate electrical force. It was designed to carry an extra supply of current in storage to operate lighting and starting systems...

Some definite knowledge of spark plug construction quality, and care, will be found very useful to the average motorist in purchasing new plugs, and keeping those in present use...

The clutch used in automobile construction of the present day becomes a necessary part of the equipment upon the adoption by manufacturers of the progressive and selective types...

As this type of engine develops its power by a rapid succession of explosions in the combustion chambers, each explosion delivers an impulse or power stroke to the piston, which...

Universal joints were designed to transmit power from one shaft to another at constantly changing angles. An automobile engine cannot be hung at the low level required to allow...

The rotary movement is transmitted to the axles joining the wheels by a bevel gear, which if simple would drive both wheels at the same speed. This is satisfactory on the “strai...

Two types of rear axles are being used by the manufacturers of automobiles--the live axle, and the dead axle. The live axle which carries the weight of the load and transmits th...

An automobile is always equipped with two sets of brakes, as they are required by law. The functional action of the brakes is to check the motion of the car when the driver wish...

Information recently gathered from observation and interviews shows that the average owner who operates and cares for his car, invariably overlooks the springs and their connect...

When either of the front wheels become out of line, through a bent spindle, worn spindle pin, loose or worn bearing the tire on this wheel is subject to cross traction. That is,...

The steering mechanism used in automobile construction is arranged to operate independent of the axle, or in other words the wheels turn on a pivot, or knuckle, held between the...

Three types of bearings are being used by the manufacturers of automobiles and gasoline engines. They are, namely, the plain bearing or bushing, the solid and flexible roller-be...

2. Right front spring. Loosen the small clips No. 47, clean off all dirt and grease with a brush dipped in kerosene, and jack up the frame, which will open the leaves. Force gra...

Before starting to dismantle the car for overhauling, see that all the necessary tools are at hand and in good condition. Place them out separately on a bench or board near the...

The necessary repair equipment should be divided into two sets, one to be carried with the car, which we will call road repair necessities, such as 25 ft. of ⁵⁄₈″ manilla hemp r...

=Body.=--The body is the carrying part of the car and usually consists of an oak or ash frame covered with a thin sheet steel. It is bolted to the frame of the car, and aside fr...

The foundation of a tire as every motorist knows consists of alternative layers of rubber, fabric, or cord, covered with a tread and breaker strip of rubber. The tread and break...

The average car owner usually fights shy of the electrical system. This deserves attention when overhauling the car, as well as any other part of the car, and a few simple preca...

Painting a car requires a great amount of patience. But a fairly good job may be done by the average amateur painter, providing the work is done carefully and exactly. However,...

There are various methods and ways of doing this without removing the casting or cylinder head; that is, providing regular attention is given to prevent the deposit from baking...