Chapter 29

LUCRETIUS: _On the Nature of Things._ Translation by Munro. (Early materialism.)

HOBBES: _Metaphysical System._ Edited by Calkins. _Leviathan_, Part I. (Modern materialism.)

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BUECHNER, LOUIS: _Force and Matter._ Translation by Collingwood. (Nineteenth century materialism.)

JANET, PAUL: _Materialism of the Present Day._ Translation by Masson.

LANGE, F. A.: _History of Materialism._ Translation by Thomas.

HAECKEL, ERNST: _The Riddle of the Universe._ Translation by McCabe. ("Monism of Energy.")

CLIFFORD, W. K.: _Lectures and Essays: The Ethics of Belief; Cosmic Emotion; Body and Mind._ (Positivism.)

HUXLEY, T. H.: _Evolution and Ethics; Prolegomena._ (Distinguishes between the moral and natural.) _Science and Hebrew Tradition_; _Science and Christian Tradition_. (Controversies of the naturalist with Gladstone and Duke of Argyle.)

SPENCER, HERBERT: _First Principles._ (The systematic evolutionary philosophy.) _Principles of Ethics._ (Ethics of naturalism.) _The Nature and Reality of Religion._ (Controversy with Frederick Harrison.)

BALFOUR, A. J.: _Foundations of Belief_, Part I. (On the religious, moral, and æsthetic consequences of naturalism.)

PATER, WALTER: _Marius the Epicurean._ (Refined hedonism.)

ROMANES, G. J.: _Thoughts on Religion._ (Approached from stand-point of science.)

BENTHAM, J.: _Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation._ (Utilitarian.)

STEPHEN, L.: _Science of Ethics._ (Evolutionary and social.)