CHAPTER XIII.

[13.1] _Acts_ xi. 22, &c.

[13.2] _Acts_ xi. 25.

[13.3] _Acts_ xi. 26.

[13.4] Libanius. _Pro templis_, p. 164, &c.; _De carcere vinctis_, p. 458.; Theodoret, _Hist. Eccl._ iv. 28; Jean Chrysost.; Homil. lxxii. _in Matt._ 3 (vol. vii. p. 705). _In Epist. ad Ephes._ Hom. vi. 4 (vol. xi. p. 44); In i. Tim. Hom. xiv. 3 &c. (ibid. p. 628, &c.); Nicephore xii. 44; Glycas p. 257 (Paris edition).

[13.5] _Acts_ xi. 26.

[13.6] The passages I. Petri iv. 16, and James ii. 7, compared with Suet. _Nero_ 16, and with Tac. _Ann._ xv. 44, confirm this idea. See also _Acts_ xxvi. 28.

[13.7] It is true that we find Ἀσιανός (_Acts_ xx. 4; Philo. Legatio, 36; Strabo, etc.). But it seems to be a Latinism like Δαλδιανοί, and the names of the sects Σιμωνιανοί, Κηρινθιανοί, Σηθιανοί, etc. The Greek derivative χριστός had been χριστειος. It serves nothing to say that the termination _anus_ is a Doric form of the Greek ηνος; this was not known at all during the first century.

[13.8] Tac. (loc. cit.) so interprets it.

[13.9] Suet. _Claud._ 25. We shall discuss this passage in our next book.

[13.10] Corpus _Inscr. Gr._ Nos. 2883 d., 3857 g., 3857 p., 3865 l. Tertul. _Apol._ 3; Lactance Divin. Inst. iv. 7. Comp. the French form _chrestien_.

[13.11] James ii. 7, only implies an occasional usage.

[13.12] _Acts_ xxiv. 5; Tertull. _Adv. Marcionem_ iv. 8.

[13.13] _Nesârâ._ The names of _meschihoio_ in Syriac, _mesihi_ in Arabic, are relatively modern, and outlined from χριστιανός. The name of "Galileans" is much more recent. Julian gave it an official signification. Jul. _Epist._ vii.; Gregory, Orat. iv. (Invect. i.), 76; S. Cyrille d'Alex. _Contre Julien_ ii. p. 39, (Spanheim ed.); _Philopatris_, dialogue falsely attributed to Lucian, though really of the time of Julien, § 12; Theodoret _Hist. Eccl._ iii. 4. I believe that in Epictetus (Arrien, _Dissert._ iv., vii., 6) and in Marcus Aurelius (_Pensées_ xi. 3), this name does not designate Christians, but rather "assassins" (_Sicaires_), fanatical disciples of Judas the Galilean or the Gaulonite, and of John of Gisehala.

[13.14] I. Petri iv. 16; James ii. 7.

[13.15] _Acts_ xiii. 2.

[13.16] Ibid xiii 1.

[13.17] See chapter vi.

[13.18] _Acts_ xiii. 1.

[13.19] Euseb. _Chron._ at the year 43; _Hist. Eccl._ iii. 22. Ignatii _Epist. ad Antioch._ (apocr.) 7.

[13.20] I. Cor. xiv. entire.

[13.21] II. Cor. xii. 1-5.

[13.22] It places this vision fourteen years before he wrote the second Epistle to the Corinthians, which dates about the year 57. It is not impossible, however, that he was still at Tarsus.

[13.23] For Jewish ideas about the heavens, see _Testam. des 12 patr._ Levi. 3; _Ascension d'Isaïe_, vi. 13; viii. 8, and all the rest of the book; Talm. of Babyl., _Chagiga_ 12 b.; Midraschim _Bereschith rabba_, sect. xix. fol. 19 c.; _Schemoth rabba_, sect. xv. fol. 115 d.; _Bammiabar rabba_, sect, xiii fol. 218 a.; _Debarim rabba_, sect. ii. fol. 253 a.; _Schir hasschirim rabba_, fol. 24 d.

[13.24] Comp. Talmud of Babylon, _Chagiga_, 14 b.

[13.25] Comp. _Ascension d'Isaïe_, vi. 15; vii. 3, &c.

[13.26] II. Cor. xii. 12; Rom. xv. 19.

[13.27] I. Cor. xii. entire.

[13.28] _Acts_ xi. 29; xxiv. 17; Gal. ii. 10; Rom. xv. 26; I. Cor. xvi. 1; II. Cor. viii. 4, 14; ix. 1, 12.

[13.29] Jos. _Ant._ XVIII., vi., 3, 4; XX., v. 2.

[13.30] James ii. 5, &c.

[13.31] _Acts_ xi. 28; Jos. _Ant._ XX., ii. 6; v. 2; Euseb. _Hist. Eccl._ ii. 8, 12. Comp. _Acts_ xii. 20; Tac. Ann. xii. 43; Suet. _Claud._ 18; Dion Cass. lx. 11. Aurelius Victor, Cas., 4; Euseb. _Chron._ year 43, &c. The reign of Claudius was afflicted almost every year by partial famines.

[13.32] _Acts_ xi. 27, &c.

[13.33] The book of _Acts_ (xi. 30; xii. 25) includes Paul in this journey. But Paul declares that between his first sojourn of two weeks and his journey for the affair of the circumcision, he did not visit Jerusalem. (Gal. ii. 1.) See Introduction.

[13.34] Gal. i., 17-19.

[13.35] _Acts_ xiii. 3; xv. 36; xviii. 23.

[13.36] Ibid. xiv. 25; xviii. 22.