CHAPTER V.

[5.1] _Acts_ ii. 42-47; iv. 32, 37; v. 1, 11; vi. 1, et seq.

[5.2] Ibid. ii. 44, 46, 47.

[5.3] Ibid. ii. 46.

[5.4] No literary production has ever so often repeated the word "joy" as the New Testament. See I. Thess. i. 6; v. 16; Rom. xiv. 17; xv. 13; Galat. v. 22; Philip i. 25; iii. 1; iv. 4; I. John i. 4, &c.

[5.5] _Acts_ xii. 12.

[5.6] See _Life of Jesus_, p. xxxix., et seq.

[5.7] _Ebionim_ means "poor folk." See _Life of Jesus_, p. 182, 183.

[5.8] To recall the year 1000. All instruments in writing commencing with: _The evening of the world being at hand_ or similar expressions, are in donations to the monasteries.

[5.9] Hodgson, in the _Journal of the Asiatic Society_ of Bengal, vol. V., p. 33, et seq.; Eugéne Burnouf, _Introduction to the History of Indian Buddhism_, i. p. 278, et seq.]

[5.10] Lucian, _Death of Peregrinus_, 13.

[5.11] Papyrus at Turin, London, and Paris, collected by Brunet de Presle, _Mem. respecting the Serapeum of Memphis_ (Paris, 1852); Eggee, _Mem. of Ancient History and Philology_, p. 151, et seq., and in the _Notices and Extracts_, vol. xviii., 2d part, p. 264-359. Observe that the Christian-hermit life was first commenced in Egypt.

[5.12] _Acts_ xi. 29, 30; xxiv. 17; Galat. ii. 10; Rom. xv. 26, et seq.; I. Cor. xvi. 1-4; II. Cor. viii. and ix.

[5.13] _Acts_ v. 1-11.

[5.14] Ibid. ii. 46; v. 12.

[5.15] Ibid. iii. 1.

[5.16] James, for instance, was all his life a pure Jew.

[5.17] _Acts_ ii. 47; iv. 33; v. 13, 26.

[5.18] _Acts_ ii. 46.

[5.19] I. Cor. x. 16; Justin, _Apol_. i. 65-67.

[5.20] Συνδεῖπνα, Joseph, _Antiq._ XIV. x. 8, 12.

[5.21] Luke xxii. 19; I. Cor. xi. 24, et seq.; Justin, passage already cited.

[5.22] In the year 57, the institution called the Eucharist already abounded with abuses (I. Cor. xi. 17, et seq.), and was, in consequence, ancient.

[5.23] _Acts_ xx. 7; Pliny, _Epist._ x. 97. Justin, _Apol._ i. 67.

[5.24] _Acts_ xx. 7, 11.

[5.25] Pliny, Epist. x. 97.

[5.26] John xx. 26, does not satisfactorily prove the contrary. The Ebionites always observed the Sabbath. St. Jerome, in Matt. xii., commencement.

[5.27] _Acts_ i. 15-26.

[5.28] See _Life of Jesus_, p. 437, et seq.

[5.29] Compare Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._ iii. 39 (according to Papias).

[5.30] Justin, _Apol._ i. 39, 50.

[5.31] Pseudo-Abdias, etc.

[5.32] Compare I. Cor. xv. 10, with Romans xv. 19.

[5.33] Gal. i. 17, 19.

[5.34] _Acts_ vi. 4.

[5.35] Compare Matt. x. 2-4; Mark iii. 16-19; Luke vi. 14-16; _Acts_ i. 13.

[5.36] _Acts_ i. 14; Gal. i. 19; I. Cor. ix. 5.

[5.37] Gal. ii. 9.

[5.38] See _Life of Jesus_, p. 307.

[5.39] See _Life of Jesus_, p. 150. Compare Papias in Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._, iii. 39; Polycrates, Ibid. v. 24; Clement of Alexandria, _Strom_. iii. 6; vii. 11.

[5.40] For instance ἐπίσκοπος, perhaps κλῆρος. See Wescher, in the _Archæological Review_, April, 1866.

[5.41] _Acts_ i. 26. See below, p.

[5.42] _Acts_ xiii. 1, et seq.; Clement of Alexandria, in Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._, iii. 23.

[5.43] _Acts_ v. 1-11.

[5.44] I. Cor. v. 1, et seq.

[5.45] I. Tim. i. 20.

[5.46] Genesis xvii. 14, and numerous other passages in the Mosaic code; Mischna, _Kerithouth_, i. 1; Talmud of Babylon, Möed Katou, 28, a. Compare Tertullian, _De Animâ_, 57.

[5.47] Consult the Hebrew and Rabbinical dictionaries, at the word כרת. Compare the word _to exterminate_.

[5.48] Mischna, _Sanhedrim_ ix. 6; John xvi. 2; Joseph. _B. J._, vii., viii., 1; III. Maccab. (apocr.), vii. 8, 12-13.

[5.49] Luke vi. 15; _Acts_ i. 13. Compare Matt. x. 4; Mark iii. 18.

[5.50] _Acts_ v. 1-11. Compare _Acts_ xiii. 9-11.

[5.51] _Acts_ i. 15; ii. 14, 37; v. 3, 29; Gal. i. 18; ii. 8.

[5.52] _Acts_ iii. 1, et seq.; viii. 14; Gal. ii. 9. Compare John xx. 2, et seq.; xxi. 20, et seq.

[5.53] According to Matthew xxviii. 1, et seq., the keepers would have been witnesses to the descent of the angel who removed the stone. This very embarrassed account would also lead us to conclude that the women were witnesses of the same act, but it does not expressly say so. Anyhow, whatever the keepers and the women should have seen, according to the same narrative, would not be Jesus resuscitated, but the angel. Such a story, isolated and inconsistent as it is, is evidently the most modern of all.

[5.54] Luke xxiv. 48; _Acts_ i. 22; ii. 32; iii. 15; iv. 33; v. 32; x. 41; xiii. 30, 31.

[5.55] See above p. 1, note 1.

[5.56] See "_Life of Jesus_," p. 275, et seq.

[5.57] I. Cor. xvi. 22. These two words are Syro-Chaldaic.

[5.58] Matt. x, 23.

[5.59] _Acts_ ii. 33, et seq.; x. 42.

[5.60] Luke xxiv. 19.

[5.61] _Acts_ ii. 22.

[5.62] The diseases were generally considered to be the work of the devil.

[5.63] _Acts_ x. 38.

[5.64] _Acts_ ii. 36; viii. 37; ix. 22; xvii. 31, &c.

[5.65] _Acts_ ii. 44, et seq.; iv. 8, et seq.; 25, et seq.; vii. 14, et seq.; v. 43 and the Epistle attributed to St. Barnabas, entire.

[5.66] James i. 26-27.

[5.67] Later it was called λειτουργεῖν. _Acts_ xiii. 2.

[5.68] Heb. v. 6; vi. 20; viii. 4; x. 11.

[5.69] Revel, i. 6; v. 10; xx. 6.

[5.70] _Acts_ xiii. 2; Luke ii. 37.

[5.71] Rom. vi. 4, et seq.

[5.72] _Acts_ viii. 12, 16; x. 48.

[5.73] _Acts_ viii. 16; x. 47.

[5.74] Matt. ix. 18; xix. 13, 15; Mark v. 23; vi. 5; vii. 32; viii. 23-25; x. 16; Luke iv. 40; viii. 13.

[5.75] _Acts_ vi. 6; viii. 17, 19; ix. 12, 17; xiii. 3; xiv. 6; xxviii. 8; 1 Tim. iv. 14; v. 22; ii. Tim. i. 6; Heb. vi. 2; James v. 13.

[5.76] Matt. iii. 11; Mark i. 8; Luke iii. 16; John i. 26; _Acts_ i. 5; xi. 16; xix. 4.

[5.77] Matt, xxviii. 19.

[5.78] See the _Cholasté_, Sabeau manuscripts of the Imperial Bible, Nos. 8, 10, 11, 13.

[5.79] Vendidad-Sadé viii. 296, et seq.; ix. 1-145; xvi. 18, 19. Spiegel, _Avesta_, ii. p. 83, et seq.

[5.80] I. Cor. xii. 9, 28, 30.

[5.81] Matt. ix. 2; Mark ii. 5; John v. 14; ix. 2; James v. 15; Mischna. _Schabbath_, ii. 6; _Talm. of Bab. Nedarim, fol._ 41 a.

[5.82] Matt. ix. 33; xii. 22; Mark ix. 16, 24; Luke xi. 14; _Acts_ xix. 12; Tertullian _Apol._ xxii.; adv. Mark iv. 8.

[5.83] _Acts_ v. 16; xix. 12-16.

[5.84] James v. 14-15; Mark vi. 13.

[5.85] Luke x. 34.

[5.86] Mark xvi. 18; _Acts_ xxviii. 8.

[5.87] I. Thess. iv. 13, et seq.; I. Cor. xv. 12, et seq.

[5.88] Phil. i. 33, seems to be a shade different. But compare I. Thess. iv. 14-17. See, above all, Revel, xx. 4-6.

[5.89] Paul, in previously cited passages, and Phil. iii. 11; Revel. xx. entire; Papias, in Eusebius, _Hist. Eccl._ iii. 39. Sometimes one sees a different belief springing up, above all in Luke (Gospel xvi. 22, et seq.; xxiii. 43, 46). But this is a weak authority on a point of Jewish theology. The Essenians had already adopted the Greek dogma of the immortality of the soul.

[5.90] Compare _Acts_ xxiv. 15 with I. Thess. iv. 13, et seq.; Phil. iii. 11. Compare Revel. xx. 5. See Leblant, _Christian Inscriptions in Gaul_ ii. p. 81, et seq.

[5.91] _Acts_ xi. 27, et seq.; xiii. 1; xv. 32; xxi. 9, 10, et seq.; I. Cor. xii. 28, et seq.; xiv. 29-37; Eph. iii. 5; iv. 11; Revel. i. 3; xvi. 6; xviii. 20, 24; xxii. 9.

[5.92] Luke i. 46, et seq.; 68, et seq.; ii. 29, et seq.

[5.93] _Acts_ xvi. 25; I. Cor. xiv. 15; Col. iii. 16; Eph. v. 19; James v. 13.

[5.94] The identity of this chant in religious communities which have been separated from the earliest ages proves that it is of great antiquity.

[5.95] Num. v. 2; Deut. xxvii. 15, et seq.; Ps. 106, 48; I. Chron. xvi. 36; Nehem. v. 13, viii. 6.

[5.96] I. Cor. xiv. 16; Justin. _Apol._ i. 65, 67.

[5.97] I. Cor. xiv. 7, 8, does not prove it. The use of the verb ψάλλω does not any more prove it. This verb originally implied the use of an instrument with strings, but in time it became synonymous with "to chant the Psalms."

[5.98] Col. iii. 16; Eph. v. 19.

[5.99] See Du Cange, at the word _Lollardi_ (edit. Didot). Compare the Cantilenes of the Cevenols. _Prophetic warnings of Elijah Marion_ (London, 1707), p. 10, 12, 14, &c.

[5.100] James v. 12.

[5.101] Matt. xvi. 28; xxiv. 34; Mark viii. 39; xiii. 30; Luke ix. 27; xxi. 32.