Chapter 18

see F. L. Pattee, A History of American Literature since 1870 (1916).

For further bibliographical information the reader is referred to the articles on American authors in The Encyclopœdia Britannica and in The Warner Library (volume 30, The Student's Course, N. Y., 1917).

INDEX A Adams, C. F, 7. Adams, John, opinion of American independence, 11-12; as a writer, 73. Adams, Samuel, 73-74, 209. After the Burial, Lowell, 172. Agassiz, Fiftieth Birthday of, Longfellow, 156. Age of Reason, Paine, 75. Ages, The, Bryant, 104. Alcott, Bronson, 118, 119, 139-140. Aldrich, T. B., 256-257. Alhambra, The, Irving, 91. Allen, J. L., 247. American Anthology, Stedman, 256. American characteristics, 3-5. American colonies, literature in the 17th century, 25-42; journalism, 60-62; education, 62-63; science, 63-64; bibliography of the literature, 269-270. American colonists, predominantly English, 12-25; motives for emigration, 16; moulded by pioneer life, 17-23; in 1760, 59-60. "American idea," 206-207. American life since the Civil War, 234 et seq. American literature, the term, 6. American Mercury, 61. American Scholar, The, Emerson, 123. Ames, Fisher, 88. Among my Books, Lowell, 170. Andrew Rykman's Prayer, Whittier, 161. Annabel Lee, Poe, 192. Anthologies, American, 269. Arsenal at Springfield, The, Longfellow, 156. Assignation, The, Poe, 193. Astoria, Irving, 91. Atala, Châteaubriand, 96. Atlantic Monthly, 161, 167, 170, 250, 257. Autobiography, Franklin, 58-59. Autocrat of the Breakfast Table, The, Holmes, 164, 167.

B Bacchus, Emerson, 129. Ballad of the French Fleet, A, Longfellow, 155. Bancroft, George, 89, 176, 177-178. Barefoot Boy, The, Whittier, 158. Bartol, C. A., 115. Battle Hymn of the Republic, Howe, 224, 225. Battle of the Kegs, The, Hopkinson, 69. Bay Psalm Book, 35. Beecher, H. W., 216-217. Belfry of Bruges, The, Longfellow, 156. Bells, The, Poe, 5-6, 192. Biglow Papers, The, Lowell, 170, 172, 173. Black Cat, The, Poe, 194. Blaine, J. G., quoted, 163. Blithedale Romance, The, Hawthorne, 145-146, 150-151. Boston News-Letter, 60. Boy's Town, A, Howells, 250. Bracebridge Hall, Irving, 91. Bradford, William, 28. Bradstreet, Anne, 36-37. Bridge, The, Longfellow, 156. Briggs, C. F., quoted, 190. Brook Farm, 140, 143. Brooklyn Eagle, The, 199. Brown, Alice, 249, 250. Brown University, 62. Brownell, H. H., 225. Brownson, Orestes, 141. Bryant, W. C., one of the Knickerbocker Group, 89; personal appearance, 101; life and, writings, 101-106; died (1878), 255. "Buffalo Bill," see Cody, W. F. Building of the Ship, The, Longfellow, 155. Burroughs, John, 262. By Blue Ontario's Shore, Whitman, 204. Byrd, William, 44.

C Cable, G. W., 246. Calef, Robert, 43. Calhoun, J. C., 215. Calvinism in New England, 18-19. Cambridge Thirty Years Ago, Lowell, 174. Captain Bonneville, Irving, 91. Carlyle, Thomas, quoted, 139. Cask of Amontillado, The, Poe, 193. Cavell, Edith, quoted, 266. Cawein, Madison, 257. Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, The, Clemens, 237. Century Magazine, 256. Changeling, The, Lowell, 172. Channing, Edward, 13. Channing, W. E., 112, 113, 119, 142. Châteaubriand, Vicomte de, 96-97. Children's Hour, The, Longfellow, 157. Chita, Hearn, 248. Chinese Ghosts, Hearn, 248. Choate, Rufus, 215. Church, Captain, 39. Circuit Rider, The, Eggleston, 247. City in the Sea, The, Poe, 189. Clark, Roger, 41. Clarke, J. F., 141. Clay, Henry, 208, 209-211. Clemens, S. L. (Mark Twain), attacks Cooper's novels, 99; quoted, 236; life and writings, 237-240; typically American, 265. Cobbler Keezar's Vision, Whittier, 161. Cody, W. F. (Buffalo Bill), 243. Columbus, Life of, Irving, 91. Commemoration Ode, Lowell, 170, 172. Common Sense, Paine, 75. Conquest of Granada, Irving, 91. Conquest of Mexico, Prescott, 179. Conquest of Peru, Prescott, 179. Conspiracy of Pontiac, The, Parkman, 184. Cooke, Rose Terry, 249. Cooper, J. F., 95-101, 265. Cotton, John, 18, 32. Courtship of Miles Standish, Longfellow, 155. "Craddock, C. E.," see Murfree, Mary N. Cranch, C. P., 141. Crisis, The, Paine, 75. Cristus, Longfellow, 155-156. Cromwell, Oliver, 10. Crothers, S. M., 262-263. Crowded Street, The, Bryant, 106. Curtis, G. W., 93, 141, 181.

D Dana, C. A., 141. Day is Done, The, Longfellow, 156. Day of Doom, The, Wigglesworth, 35-36. Deerslayer, The, Cooper, 99. Democratic Review, 199. Dial, 136, 140. Drake, J. R., 107. Drama, American, in the 20th century, 259-260. Dred, Stowe, 223. Drum Taps, Whitman, 201. Dwight, Timothy, 69.

E Edict of the King of Prussia against England, Franklin, 58. Edinburgh Review, The, 88. Edwards, Jonathan, 32, 45, 48-52. Eggleston, Edward, 247. Eliot, John, 19, 38. Elsie Venner, Holmes, 168. Embargo, The, Bryant, 102. Emerson, R. W., in 1826, 89; a Transcendentalist, 113-117; quoted, 116-117; life and writings, 119-130; died (1882), 255; typically American, 265; argues for American books, 266. England in the 17th century, 13. English Traits, Emerson, 128. Essay on Man, Pope, 55. Essays, Emerson, 125-126, 127, 128. Essays of the 20th century, 262-263. Eternal Goodness, The, Whittier, 161. Ethan Brand, Hawthorne, 134. Evangeline, Longfellow, 155. Evening Revery, An, Bryant, 106. Everett, Edward, Oration at Cambridge (1826), 86; quoted, 87; lectures, 111-112; estimate of, 215; quoted, 230. Excelsior, Longfellow, 5-6, 156. Exiles' Departure, Whittier, 159.

F Fable for Critics, Lowell, 170. Fall of the House of Usher, The, Poe, 193. Farewell Address, Washington, 66. Farewell Sermon, Edwards, 51. Farmer Refuted, The, Hamilton, 76. Faust (translation), Taylor, 255. Federalist, 65, 76, 77. Ferdinand and Isabella, History of the Reign of, Prescott, 179. Fiction of the 20th century, 261-262. Fire of Driftwood, The, Longfellow, 156. First Snowfall, The, Lowell, 172. Flood of Years, The, Bryant, 106. Forest Hymn, A, Bryant, 106. Franklin, Benjamin, born (1706), 44; attitude toward church, 44; exponent of New England life, 45; life and writings, 52-59; conducts Courant, 61; activity in Philadelphia, 61-62. letter from Washington to, 78-79; typically American, 265. Freeman, Mary Wilkins, 249, 250. Freneau, Philip, 69, 70-72. Frontenac, Parkman, 185. Frost, Robert, 258. Fugitive slave act, 144. Fuller, Margaret, 119, 140-141.

G Garrison, W. L., 89-90, 137, 159, 208, 217-218. Gettysburg Address, Lincoln, 230-231. Gilded Age, The, Clemens, 237-238. God Glorified in Man's Dependence, Edwards, 50. Gold Bug, The, Poe, 193. Gookin, Daniel, 38. Greeley, Horace, 217-218. Greenslet, Ferris, 169.

H Hale, E. E., 224. Half-Century of Conflict, A, Parkman, 185. Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 107. Hamilton, Alexander, 76-77. Hanging of the Crane, The, Longfellow, 156. Harris, J. C., 246. Harte, Bret, 240-242. Harvard, John, 16. Harvard College, 62. Haunted Palace, The, Poe, 192. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, in 1826, 89; opinion of Bryant, 105; opinion of Transcendentalism, 143; life and writings, 144-152; typically American, 265. Hayne, Paul, 225. Hazard of New Fortunes, A, Howells, 251. Hearn, Lafcadio, 248. Hecker, Father, 141. Henry, Patrick, 72, 209. Herons of Elmwood, The, Longfellow, 156. Hiawatha, Longfellow, 155. Higginson, T. W., 142, 262. Holmes, O. W., in 1826, 89; attitude toward Transcendentalism, 143; life and writings, 163-168; died (1894), 255. Home Sweet Home, Payne, 107. Hooker, Thomas, 21-22, 30-31. Hoosier Schoolmaster, The, Eggleston, 247. House of the Seven Gables, The, Hawthorne, 145, 150. Hovey, Richard, 257. Howells, W. D., 93, 234-235, 250-251, 265. Hubbard, William, 39. Huckleberry Finn, Clemens, 238. Humorists, American, 239. Hutchinson, Anne, 32. Hutchinson, Thomas, 12. Hyperion, Longfellow, 152.

I Indian Wars, Hubbard, 39. Indians, in literature, 37-40; Thoreau's notes on, 136. Innocents Abroad, Clemens, 237, 239. Irving, Washington, 89, 90-95. Israfel, Poe, 189, 192.

J Jackson, Andrew, 5. Jackson, Helen Hunt, 248. James, Henry, 250, 251-255. Jay, John, 65. Jefferson, Thomas, 79-85, 265. Jesuits in North America, The, Parkman, 185. Jewett, Sarah Orne, 249, 250. John of Barneveld, Life and Death of, Motley, 181. Johnson, Edward, Captain, 38. Joshua Whitcomb, Thompson, 248. Journal, Emerson, 122, 125, 127, 235. Journal, Thoreau, 134, 135. Journal, Woolman, 69. Journal and Correspondence, Longfellow, 216. Journalism, in the colonies, 60-62; in 20th century, 263-264.

K Kemble, Fanny, 245-246. Kennedy, J. P., 245. King, Grace, 247. King, Starr, 262. King Philip's War, 39-40. King's College (Columbia), 62. Knickerbocker group of writers, 89; works by, 270.

L Languishing Commonwealth, Walley, 41. Lanier, Sidney, 255-256. La Salle, Parkman, 185. Last Leaf, The, Holmes, 166. Last of the Mohicans, The, Cooper, 89, 98, 99. Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper, 97-99. Leaves of Grass, Whitman, 197, 200, 202-203. Letters, Motley, 181. Letters from an American Farmer, Crèvecœur, 60, 68. Liberator, The, 137, 217, 218. Library of American Biography, 176. Life on the Mississippi, Clemens, 237. Ligeia, Poe, 193. Lincoln, Abraham, recognizes uncertainty in the nation, 2; would have approved Winthrop, 29; address at Cooper Union (1860), 104-105; quoted, 155; as a writer of liberty, 208; character and writings, 226-233; typically American, 265. Lionel Lincoln, Cooper, 98. Literati, Pope, 107. Little Women, Alcott, 140. London, Jack, 243-244. London in 1724, 54-56. Longfellow, H. W., in 1826, 89; attitude toward Transcendentalism, 143; life and writings, 152-157; died (1882), 255; disparagement of, 267. Longstreet, A. B., 245. Louisiana Purchase, 88. Lowell, J. R., in 1826, 90; attitude toward Transcendentalism, 143; life and writings, 168-174; died (1891), 255; typically American, 265. Luck of Roaring Camp, The, Harte, 241. Lyceum system, 175.

M McFingal, Trumbull, 69. Magazines, in colonies, 60-61; in 20th century, 263-264. Magnalia Christi Americana, Mather, 46, 47. Maidenhood, Longfellow, 156. Man Who Corrupted Hadleyburg, The, Clemens, 238. Man Without a Country, Hale, 224. Marble Faun, The, Hawthorne, 146, 151. Marshes of Glynn, The, Lanier, 255. Martin Chuzzlewit, Dickens, 87. Mason, John, Captain, 38. Massachusetts to Virginia, Whittier, 160. Mather, Cotton, 43, 45-48; diary, 46-47. Mather, Increase, 43. Maud Muller, Whittier, 5-6. Memorial Odes, Lowell, 172. Miller, C. H. (Joaquin), 244. Minister's Black Veil, The, Hawthorne, 30. Minister's Wooing, The, Stowe, 223. Modern Instance, A, Howells, 251. Montcalm and Wolfe, Parkman, 185. Moody, W. V., 257. Morituri Salutamus, Longfellow, 156. Morris, G. P., 107. Mosses from an Old Manse, Hawthorne, 145. Motley, J. L., 143-144, 176, 180-182. Muir, John, 244-245. Murders in the Rue Morgue, The, Poe, 194. Murfree, Mary N. (C. E. Craddock), 247. My Garden Acquaintance, Lowell, 174. My Literary Friends and Acquaintances, Howells, 251. My Literary Passions, Howells, 250. My Lost Youth, Longfellow, 156. My Mark Twain, Howells, 251. My Psalm, Whittier, 160. My Study Windows, Lowell, 170. Mysterious Stranger, The, Clemens, 238.

N National Gazette, 71. National Literature, Channing, 112. National Ode, Taylor, 255. Nature, Emerson, 123, 128, 131. Nature-writing, 262. Netherlands, History of the United, Motley, 181. New England, a digression from English society, 14; at the beginning of 18th century, 43-44; characteristics of the people of, 109-111; in last quarter of 19th century, 248 et seq. New England, History of, Winthrop, 28-29. New England Courant, 61. New National period in American literature, 234 et seq.; bibliography, 272. New York at beginning of 18th century, 44. New York Tribune, 140, 218. Newburyport Free Press, 90, 159. Newspapers, in colonies, 60-61; in 20th century, 263-264. North American Review, 88, 103, 104, 112, 170. North Carolina in 1724, 44. North of Boston, Frost, 261. Norwood, Colonel, 27.

O Oakes, Urian, 41. Old Creole Days, Cable, 246. Old Homestead, The, Thompson, 248. Old Ironsides, Holmes, 166. Old Manse, 119, 120, 145. Old Régime, The, Parkman, 185. Old Swimmin' Hole, The, Riley, 247. Oldtown Fireside Stories, Stowe, 223. Oldtown Folks, Stowe, 223. Olmsted, F. L., 246. On a Certain Condescension in Foreigners, Lowell, 174. Oratory in America, 208 et seq. Oregon Trail, The, Parkman, 184. Otis, James, 72, 73. Our Hundred Days, Holmes, 168. Outcast of Poker Flat, The, Harte, 242. Outre-mer, Longfellow, 152. Overland Monthly, 240.

P Page, T. N., 246, 247. Paine, Thomas, 74-76. Parker, Theodore, 115, 119, 141, 209. Parkman, Francis, 143-144, 176, 182-186. Passage to India, Whitman, 204. Passionate Pilgrim, A, James, 253. Pathfinder, The, Cooper, 99. Pattee, F. L., 236. Paul Revere's Ride, Longfellow, 155. Paulding, J. K., 107. Payne, J. H., 107. Pennsylvania, University of, 62. Pennsylvania Gazette, 62. Pennsylvania Magazine, 74. Pequot War (1637), 38-39. Percy, George, 27, 38. Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart, 249. Philip II, History of the Reign of, Prescott, 179. Phillips, Wendell, 208, 215-216. Picture of New York, Mitchill, 90. Pilot, The, Cooper, 98. Pioneers, O Pioneers, Whitman, 204. Pioneers, The, Cooper, 97-98, 99. Pioneers of France, The, Parkman, 185. Pirate, The, Scot, 98. Plymouth Plantation, History of, Bradford, 28-29. Poe, E. A., "literature of escape," 8; in 1826, 89; in New York, 108; life and writings, 187-196. Poet at the Breakfast Table, The, Holmes, 168. Poetry, Revolutionary verse, 69-72; of freedom, 223 et seq.; of the 20th century, 260-261. Poets and Poetry of America, Griswold, 107. Poor Richard, Franklin, 20, 57. Pory, John, 27. Prairie, The, Cooper, 98, 99. Precaution, Cooper, 97. Prescott, W. H., 89, 143-144, 176, 178-180. Present Crisis, The, Lowell, 172. Prince of Parthia, The, 260. Professor at the Breakfast Table, The, Holmes, 168. Psalm of Life, The, Longfellow, 156. Psalm of the West, Lanier, 255. Publick Occurrences, 60. Puritans, The, 34-35. Purloined Letter, The, Poe, 193.

Q Quarterly, The, 88.

R Rainy Day, The, Longfellow, 156. Ramona, Jackson, 248. Ramoth Hill, Whittier, 138. Raven, The, Poe, 192. Read, T. B., 225. Reality of Spiritual Life, The, Edwards, 50. Reaper and the Flowers, The, Longfellow, 153. Red Rover, The, Cooper, 98. Religious freedom in the colonies, 16. René, Châteaubriand, 96. Repplier, Agnes, 262. Revolution, influence upon literature, 66 et seq.; bibliography, 270. Rights of Man, The, Paine, 75. Riley, J. W., 247, 257-259. Ripley, George, 141. Rise of Silas Lapham, The, Howells, 251. Rise of the Dutch Republic, Motley, 180. Rivulet, The, Bryant, 106. Robinson, John, 11. Roderick Hudson, James, 253. Rolfe, John, 38. Romanticism in American literature, 187 et seq. Roosevelt, Theodore, 243. Roughing It, Clemens, 10, 237. Rowlandson, Mary, 39. Rules for Reducing a Great Empire to a Small One, Franklin, 58. Russell, Irwin, 246.

S Salem "witchcraft," 43. Salmagundi Papers, Irving and Paulding, 91. Sanborn, F. B., 142. Sandys, George, 27. Scarlet Letter, The, Hawthorne, 7, 30, 145, 146, 148, 149-150. School-Days, Whittier, 158. Scott, Sir Walter, 95. Scribner's Monthly, 256. Scudder, Horace, 169. Seaweed, Longfellow, 156. Sewell, Samuel, Judge, 47-48. Shepard, Thomas, 16, 31-32. Short story, the, 261-262. Sill, E. R., 257. Simms, W. G., 245, 246. Simple Cobbler of Agawam, The, Ward, 37. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, Edwards, 50. Skeleton in Armor, The, Longfellow, 155. Sketch Book, Irving, 89, 91. Skipper Ireson's Ride, Whittier, 161. Slavery, influence on literature, 207 et seq. Slavery in Massachusetts, Thoreau, 137. Smith, F. H., 247. Smith, John, 8-10, 20, 38. Smith, Sydney, quoted, 88-89. Snow-Bound, Whittier, 158, 161-162. Snow-Image and Other Tales, The, Hawthorne, 145. Songs of Labor, Whittier, 161. South Carolina in 1724, 44. South, The, in American literature, 245 et seq. Sparks, Jared, 176. Spofford, Harriet Prescott, 249. Spoon River Anthology, Masters, 261. Spy, The, Cooper, 89, 97, 98. Stamp Act (1765), 59. Star-Spangled Banner, The, Key, 107, 225. Stedman, E. C., 225, 256. Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 219-223, 249. Strachey, William, 26, 38. Summary View of the Rights of British America, A, Jefferson, 80. Sumner, Charles, 216. Sunthin' in the Pastoral Line, Lowell, 174.

T Tales of a Traveler, Irving, 91. Tales of a Wayside Inn, Longfellow, 155. Tamerlane and Other Poems, Poe, 89. Taylor, Bayard, 255. Telling the Bees, Whittier, 158. Tennessee's Partner, Harte, 242. Thanatopsis, Bryant, 103, 104, 106. Thomas, Edith, 257. Thompson, Denman, 248. Thoreau, H. D., representative of New England thought, 119; life and writings, 130-139; nature-writing, 262; typically American, 265. Ticknor, George, 89, 111, 178, 216. Timrod, Henry, 225. To Helen, Poe, 189, 192. Tom Sawyer, Clemens, 238. Tour of the Prairies, Irving, 91. Transcendentalism, 111 et seq., 218; bibliography, 270-271. Tritemius, Whittier, 161. True Relation, Smith, 8-10, 25-26. True Repertory of the Wrack of Sir Thomas Gates, Kt. vpon and from the Islands of the Bermudas, Strachey, 26. Tuckerman, F. G., quoted, 117. Twain, Mark, see Clemens, S. L. Twice-Told Tales, Hawthorne, 148. Tyler, Professor, 64.

U Ulalume, Poe, 192. Uncle Tom's Cabin, Stowe, 98, 208, 219, 220-223. Union of the Colonies, Franklin, 59. Unitarianism, 112-113.

V Verplanck, J. C., 107. Very, Jones, 141. Virginia, a continuation of English society, 14; in 1724, 44. Virginia House of Burgesses, Address of the, Jefferson, 80. Virginians, The, Thackeray, 45. Vision of Sir Launfal, The, Lowell, 170, 172.

W Walden, Thoreau, 131, 134, 135. Walley, Thomas, 41. Warner, C. D., 93. Washington, George, 64-65, 66, 77-78. Waterfowl, To a, Bryant, 103, 106. Webster, Daniel, eulogy for Adams and Jefferson, 86-87; civic note in oratory of, 208; criticism of Clay, 210; his oratory, 211-215. Week on the Concord and Merrimac Rivers, A, Thoreau, 131. Wendell, Barrett, 6. West, The, in American literature, 237 et seq. Westchester Farmer, The, Seabury, 76. When Lilacs last in the Dooryard Bloomed, Whitman, 201. When the Frost is on the Punkin, Riley, 248. Whitaker, Alexander, 26-27, 38. Whitman, Walt, in 1826, 90; in New York, 108; life and writings, 196-205; died (1892), 255; typically American, 265; argues for American books, 266. Whittier, J. G., in 1826, 90; attitude towards Transcendentalism, 143; life and writings, 157-164; died (1892), 255. William and Mary College, 62. William Wilson, Poe, 194. Williams, Roger, 2, 16, 19, 32-34, 38, 40-41. Willis, N. P., 107. Winthrop, John, 17, 18, 28-29. Wirt, William, 245. Wister, Owen, 243. Wonder-Book, The, Hawthorne, 145, 147. Woodberry, George, 257. Woodworth, Samuel, 107. Woolman, John, 69. Wreck of the Hesperus, The, Longfellow, 155.

Y Yale University, 62. Years of my Youth, Howells, 250.

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Transcriber's Notes

Introduction:

The Chronicles of America Series has two similar editions of each volume in the series. One version is the Abraham Lincoln edition of the series, a premium version which includes full-page pictures. A textbook edition was also produced, which does not contain the pictures and captions associated with the pictures, but is otherwise the same book. This book was produced to match the textbook edition of the book. We have retained the original punctuation and spelling in the book, but there are a few exceptions. Obvious errors were corrected--and all of these changes can be found in the Detailed Notes Section of these notes. The spelling of some index entries were changed to match the spelling used in the text. The Detailed Notes Section also includes issues that have come up during transcription. One common issue is that words are sometimes split into two lines for spacing purposes in the original text. These words are hyphenated in the physical book, but there is a question sometimes as to whether the hyphen should be retained in transcription. The reasons behind some of these decisions are itemized.

Detailed Notes Section:

A Note on Centuries Throughout the Chronicles of America series, most authors have chosen to hyphenate "seventeenth-century customs" but not hyphenate "customs in the seventeenth century." In the latter case, seventeenth century is the object of a preposition, while in the former case, seventeenth-century is an adjective. This book somewhat adheres to that standard. Below is a list of phrases in this text which ought to have the hyphen, but do not, and hence, do not adhere to the standard previously outlined. None of these clauses were changed in transcription. • Page 55: England is weary of seventeenth century "enthusiasm," • Page 85: the immense nineteenth century audience • Page 90: nineteenth century England • Page 93: other eighteenth century tradition, • Page 138: twentieth century America can see • Page 166: resembled such a typical eighteenth century figure • Page 182: a nineteenth century historian