Part 35

Swallow, barn, _S. Woodruff_, xix, 172. ----, ----, _J. N. Steel_, xix, 356.

Swan, American, description of, xxii, 83.^f

Sweden, population of, in 1816, 1817, 1818, ii, 347. ----, botany of, v, 180. ----, elevation of, xxix, 363. ----, gradual elevation of, _C. Lyell_, xxviii, 72, 387. ----, subsidence of southern part of, xxxiii, 102.

Swedish Journals, xxix, 375.

_Swift, P._, on the temperature of the sea, xviii, 191.

Switzerland, jurisprudence in, iii, 379. ----, schools of, vi, 391; xii, 191; xiii, 397. ----, anniversary of the Society for the Encouragement of Agriculture, vii, 381. ----, thunder-storms in, xx, 178.

Syenite and amygdaloid of Salem, Mass., iii, 232. ---- of Massachusetts, along the Connecticut valley, vi, 28. ---- in western Massachusetts, viii, 10. ---- of Pennsylvania, viii, 236.

Sympathetic ink, xviii, 148.

Syphon, Buntem's improvement in, ix, 198.

Syphons, easy method of filling, _W. Foster_, xxviii, 268. ---- of glass, xxiii, 387.^f ----, improved, _R. Hare_, xxiv, 317.^f ----, self-filling, _W. B. Rogers_, xxvii, 302.^f

Syringodendron, generic characters of, vii, 180. ----, Kirtlandius, xxxi, 29.^f

Syrups, bleaching of, _Dumont_, xxiii, 346.^f

T.

Tabasheer, analysis of, xxx, 381.

_Taber, T._, practical remarks on gems, xxxviii, 61.

Taberd's Anamitic and Latin Dictionary, xl, 43.

Table Mountain, iii, 228.

Tabriz, earthquakes at, xxxvii, 351. ----, salt near, xxxvii, 350. ----, marble of, xxxvii, 355.

Tabular spar from the Bannat, analysis of, vii, 370. ---- ---- of Pargas, vii, 371. ---- ---- of Willsboro', N. Y., analysis of, _H. Seybert_, v, 113. ---- ---- in New York, v, 113; xiii, 198; xvii, 145. ---- ---- in Pennsylvania, xiv, 13.

Taconic mountains, character of, ii, 246; viii, 2, 8. ---- ----, geological section from, to Troy, _C. Dewey_, ii, 246. ---- system, remarks on, _D. D. Owen_, xlvi, 145. ---- ----, remarks on, _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 150. ---- ----, work on, by _E. Emmons_, noticed, xlviii, 394.

Tagua-nut, or vegetable ivory, xlix, 400.

Tails of comets, x, 395; xxxi, 142, 325; xxxiii, 5, 11; xxxviii, 35; xl, 59; xlvi, 108.^f

_Talbot, H. F._, photogenic drawings, xxxvii, 169; xxxviii, 97. ----, improvement in the telescope, xliv, 166.

Talc from Chamouni, analysis of, xlvii, 216. ---- in Connecticut, x, 14. ---- in Maryland, xiv, 12; xviii, 79; xxiv, 355. ---- in Massachusetts, i, 113; ii, 236; iv, 54; vii, 55. ---- in New Jersey, v, 29. ---- in New York, i, 144; v, 29; xix, 227, 228. ---- in North Carolina, v, 259, 264. ---- in Pennsylvania, i, 237; viii, 239; x, 219, 221; xiv, 5, 6, 17. ---- in Rhode Island, vii, 254; viii, 227, 231. ---- in Vermont, iii, 76; iv, 54; v, 40.

Talcose slate of the Connecticut valley, vi, 26. ---- ----, the gold rock of the Carolinas, _A. Eaton_, xviii, 50.

Tannin, memoir on, _J. Pelouze_, xxviii, 124.

Tanning, application of chestnut wood in, _W. Sheldon_, i, 312. ----, new process of, i, 439; xxxv, 303.

Tantalite, see _Columbite_.

Tapestries of Raphael, revival of their colors, xxxvii, 244.

Tapir, fossil, at Darmstadt, xxvi, 218.

_Tappan, B._, on the boulders of primitive rocks found in Ohio, xiv, 291. ----, on the cannel coal of Ohio, xviii, 376. ----, description of some new shells, xxxv, 268.^f

Tar, used to afford light, i, 92. ----, used to work steam engines, i, 165.

Tarapaca, South America, account of the minerals of the province of, _J. H. Blake_, xliv, 1.^f

_Tarlor_, observations on mining, xxxiv, 9.

Tartaric acid, manufacture of, at Glasgow, xli, 50.

Taste, the seat of, xx, 180.

Taurus Mountains, xxxvii, 351.

Taxidermy, see _Preservation_.

Taxodon, _R. Owen_, xxxiii, 208; xxxv, 196.

_Taylor, J._, on Astronomy and Photography at Rome, xliv, 373.

_Taylor, R. C._, Indian mounds and earthworks in the form of animal effigies, principally in Wisconsin, xxxiv, 88.^f ----, model of the southern coalfield of Pennsylvania, xli, 80.^f

_Taylor, Steuben_, localities of minerals, vi, 245. ----, account of a rocking stone, vii, 201. ----, localities of minerals, vii, 253; viii, 225.

_Taylor, Stephen_, on salt in Virginia, xli, 214.

_Taylor, S_., ancient mounds and other remains in Iowa and Wisconsin, xliv, 21.^f

_Taylor, W. C._, on change of population in New Zealand, xxxv, 315.

Taylor's theorem, _C. Bonnycastle_ on, xl, 42. ---- ----, new investigation of, _T. Strong_, xlv, 272.

_Tchihatcheff, P. de_, memoir on the geological constitution of the Altai, noticed, xlix, 378.

Tea, composition of, _E. Peligot_, xlviii, 187. ---- plant of Upper Assam, _W. Griffith_, xl, 165. ---- in Brazil, iv, 377. ----, cultivation of, in Brazil, and on its introduction into France, _Guillemin_, xl, 167. ----, green, of commerce, observations on, _R. Warrington_, xlviii, 188.

Teahills of China, excursion to, xxxi, 194.

_Teale, T. P._, on the vermiform filaments of Actiniæ, xxxv, 311.

Technological Institutes, xii, 197.

Technology, Elements of, xvii, 198.

Teeth, phosphate of lime in, xxviii, 386. ----, _R. Owen_ on fossil, xxxv, 307; xxxviii, 127. ----, on the microscopic structure of, xxxviii, 134. ---- of the Lepidostei, on the microscopic structure of, _J. Wyman_, xlv, 359.^f ---- of shark, New Jersey, fossil, xxviii, 378.^f ----, see farther under _Fossil_.

Telegraph, Pearson's, iv, 314.^f ----, system for the United States, proposed, xxxii, 201. ----, Morse's electro-magnetic, xxxiii, 185.^f ----, ---- ----, experiments with, xlv, 390.^f

Telescope, notice of Barlow's refracting, xvii, 367. ----, Leon Lewenberg's, xxxviii, 379. ----, Rosse's, xlvi, 208; xlix, 221. ----, achromatic, Cauchoix's, xxii, 358. ----, improvements in, by J. Frauenhofer, xvi, 307. ----, notice of Holcomb's, xxiii, 403; xxvii, 185. ----, superior, of Lerebours, xvi, 302. ----, fourteen feet reflector, xxxv, 174. ----, improvement in, _H. F. Talbot_, xliv, 166. ----, on determining distances by means of, xlii, 164.

Tellurium, _J. J. Berzelius_ on, xxviii, 137. ----, in Connecticut, i, 312, 316; vi, 235. ----, an astronomical machine, _E. C. Leedom_, xlii, 338.^f

Temperament, musical, _A. M. Fisher_, i, 9^f, 176.^f ----, ----, _Jno. Farey_, ii, 65.

Temperance, _Oliver's_ address on, xxiv, 190.

Temperature, disinfecting powers of increased, _W. Henry_, xxi, 392; xxii, 111.^f ----, effect of clearing land on, xlvii, 237. ----, ---- of mountains on, in the winter, xlii, 159. ----, ---- of, on the distribution of fossils, _T. A. Conrad_, xxxv, 239. ----, ---- of, on geography of plants, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 221. ---- limiting the distribution of corals, _J. D. Dana_, xlv, 310. ----, ibid, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xlv, 311. ----, in different geological epochs, xxxv, 240. ---- of different heights, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 52. ----, on the methods of ascertaining the mean, _W. M. Carpenter_, xliv, 50. ---- of October, not the mean temperature of the year, xxv, 260. ----, month giving mean annual, xlvii, 223. ---- of the planetary space, xix, 377; xxxii, 1. ---- of the earth, and of space, _Fourier_, xxxii, 1. ----, ibid, _S. D. Poisson_, xxxiv, 157. ---- of the terrestrial globe, xxvi, 10; xxxii, 1. ---- of the earth at different depths, remarks on, xxiii, 14; xxxiv, 36; xxxv, 293; xliii, 176. ---- ----, in deep mines, xxxv, 297; xl, 333. ---- ---- increasing with the depth, early experiments upon, by _Joel Lean_, xl, 332. ---- ---- at different depths, near Madgeburg, xxxvi, 203. ---- ----, interior of, _R. Patterson_, xxxvii, 357. ---- ----, variations of internal, producing elevations and depressions in the earth's crust, _C. Babbage_, xxvii, 408. ---- ----, oscillations of annual, extinguished at different depths in different rocks, xxxviii, 109. ----, supposed difference of, between the air and the earth, _W. M. Carpenter_, xliv, 50. ---- of elevation, xxv, 123; xxxiii, 52. ---- of wells and springs, xxxv, 379. ---- ---- in New York, xxxvi, 25. ---- ----, xv, 190; xli, 316; xlix, 272. ---- of the ocean, v, 129; xxv, 130. ---- of the sea at great depths, from Péron's voyage, xvii, 295. ---- ----, ibid, remarks on, xviii, 191. ---- ----, table of Forster's observations, xvii, 299. ---- ----, table of Irving's observations, xvii, 299. ---- ----, ----, xxiii, 10. ---- ---- at depths, by _Scoresby_ and _Buchan_, xlv, 139, 140. ----, extreme cold, extraordinary seasons of, _N. Webster_, xxviii, 183. ---- of the ground in Siberia, _M. Erman, Jr_., xxxvi, 205. ---- in Europe, of wells at St. André, xxxvi, 204. ---- ----, of the cities of Rome, (Italy) and New York, _J. Van Rensselaer_, xlii, 120. ---- ----, of a cavern near Montpelier, xxxvii, 73. ---- ----, at Perth, Scotland, mean annual, xl, 342. ---- ----, mean, of Inverness, xliv, 158. ---- ----, ----, of Plymouth, England, xxxiv, 20. ---- ----, cold, of winter of 1837, 8, in England, _J. Lindley_, xxxix, 18. ---- ----, of Malvern, in Worcestershire, _Addison_, xxxviii, 102. ---- ----, of the air in York Minster, xlii, 161. ---- ----, excessively hot, of July, 1825, in England and France, xi, 195. ---- of the eastern and western continents compared and explained, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 38. ---- of the United States, connection of, with the lakes and ocean, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 21, 23. ---- ----, isothermal, isotheral and isocheimal lines of, in America and Europe, _S. Forry_, xlvii, 18.^f ---- ----, on the forwardness of the spring in different parts, _J. Bigelow_, i, 76. ---- ----, cold extreme of the winter of 1825, 6, x, 399. ---- ----, ---- ---- of January, 1835, at different places in, xxviii, 177. ---- ----, heat extreme in 1824, in the Southern States, ix, 395. ---- ----, ---- ---- of the summer of 1825, various observations upon, x, 296, 297. ---- ----, mean, of the state of New York, in 1832, xxv, 259. ---- ----, ----, ibid, xlix, 179. ---- ----, mean, of Albany, N. Y., xxv, 260. ---- of the United States, extreme cold at Plattsburgh, N.Y., (1821) iii, 366; (1826) xi, 195. ---- ----, subterranean, in the mines of eastern Virginia, _W. B. Rogers_, xliii, 176. ---- ----, of the year 1839, as deduced from observations at Amherst College, _E. S. Snell_, xxxix, 36.^f ---- ----, mean, at Salem, Massachusetts, and Rome, in Italy, for thirty-three years ending in 1818, vi, 386. ---- ----, ----, at Marietta, Ohio, see _S. P. Hildreth's_ meteorological registers. ---- ----, extreme heat, at Cumberland, Md., July, 1838, xxxv, 190. ---- ----, observations at Hudson, Ohio, 1838-1840, _E. Loomis_, xli, 315. ---- ----, ---- ----, 1841-1844, _E. Loomis_, xlix, 271. ---- ----, cold on Lake Superior, ix, 395. ---- ----, of Lake Ontario, _C. Dewey_, xxxiii, 403; xxxvii, 242. ---- ----, of the Saco river, _J. M. Batchelder_, xxxiv, 381. ---- ----, relative, of the water of the Saco river, and the atmosphere for the years 1837 and 1838, _J. M. Batchelder_, xxxvii, 389. ---- ----, of wells at Hudson, Ohio, _E. Loomis_, xli, 316; xlix, 272. ---- ----, ----, New York state, xxxvi, 25. ---- ----, ----, _M. Field_, xv, 190. ---- register at Montreal, 1836-40, _J. S. McCord_, xli, 330. ---- of Colombia, and of the Pacific coast of S. America, _R. Wright_, xxxvii, 1. ----, mean, at Rio Janeiro, for 1832 to 1843, _J. Gardner_, xlvii, 291. ---- of air, see farther _Meteorological_.

Tempering of metallic wires and springs, xx, 393.

Temple of Jupiter Ammon, iii, 378. ---- of Serapis, changes of level in, _C. Babbage_, xxvii, 408.

_Ten Eyck_, account of a large electro-magnet, xx, 201.

Tennantite, _Hemming_, xxvi, 386.

Tennessee, geology of eastern, &c., i, 60, 214. ---- meteorite, fall of, at Nashville, xv, 358; xviii, 378. ---- ----, account of, xvii, 326; xviii, 200. ----, meteoric iron, _G. Troost_, xxxviii, 250; xlix, 336.^f ----, ---- ----, analysis, _C. U. Shepard_, xliii, 354. ---- gold region, xxiii, 1.^f ----, Geological Report of, xxx, 391; xxxiv, 187. ----, mounds and caves in eastern, _J. H. Kain_, i, 428.

Tenorite, xlviii, 219.

Tephroite, xviii, 391.

Teratology, a French treatise on the elements of, noticed, xli, 374.

Terraces of the Connecticut valley, xxii, 214; xlvii, 98. ---- of the river Malbay, Lower Canada, v, 221. ---- of the Canadian Lakes, xlvi, 314. ---- of Lake Ontario, xxxv, 89; xxxvi, 40. ---- of Lake Huron, iii, 257. ---- of the Bay of Funda, xli, 55.

Terrestrial meridian, length of a degree of, xxxi, 222.^f

Tertiary of the Middle Rhine, _R. I. Murchison_ on, xlvii, 183. ---- of Cephalonia, _Hamilton_ and _Strickland_, xxxiii, 211. ---- formations in North America, essay on, by _J. Finch_, vii, 31. ---- of the Atlantic coast, United States, _T. A. Conrad_, xxviii, 104, 280.^f ---- epoch, elevation during, in the United States and California, xxxv, 245. ---- of Massachusetts, xxii, 36. ---- ----, of Martha's Vineyard, vii, 240^f; xxii, 36; xlvi, 318. ----, Hudson river formations, _J. Finch_, x, 227. ---- of Lake Champlain, xxxvi, 27. ---- of Ohio, xxxiv, 360. ---- formations of Virginia, _W. B._ and _H. D. Rogers_, xxxviii, 182. ---- of North Carolina, _D. Olmsted_, xiv, 231. ---- of the southern Atlantic states, _J. T. Hodge_, xli, 332. ---- shells of the United States, description of, _T. A. Conrad_, xxiii, 204, 339; xxviii, 109; xli, 344.^f ---- ---- ----, _I. Lea_, xxv, 413. ---- ---- ----, notice of, _E. Hitchcock_, xli, 246. ---- ---- ----, _H. D. Rogers_, xlvii, 254. ---- ----, remarks on a list of, _J. T. Hodge_, xli, 332, 343. ---- ---- of Maryland, list of, _I. Lea_, xxv, 422. ---- ---- from North Carolina, xxxix, 387. ---- ---- of Alabama, list of, _I. Lea_, xxv, 419. ---- ---- of the United States, mostly from Alabama, _H. C. Lea_, xl, 92.^f ---- infusoria, Virginia, xli, 214. ---- fossils, _Cuvier_ and _Brongniart_ on Deshayes' work on, xxiii, 196.

_Teschemacher, E. F._, analyses of guano, xlviii, 181.

_Teschemacher, J. E._, on the identity of pyrochlore with microlite, xliii, 33. ----, reply of C. U. Shepard to, xliii, 116. ----, remarks on uranium and pyrochlore, in reply to C. U. Shepard, xlviii, 395. ----, on the Elvella esculenta, xxxviii, 194. ----, on the minerals found at Charlestown, Mass., xxxviii, 194. ----, on plants from Blackstone river, xxxviii, 195. ----, on the Andromeda mariana, xxxviii, 196. ----, on fossil coals and madrepores, xxxviii, 197. ----, address by, before the Boston Society of Natural History, xli, 370. ----, on singular crystals of galena from Rossie, N. Y., xlvii, 417. ----, on the blowpipe characters of pyrrhite, xlvii, 418. ----, on the palatal tooth of the Ptychodus polygyrus, xxxvi, 380. ----, remarks on the origin of guano, xlvi, 203. ----, on the identity of Lincolnite and Heulandite, xlviii, 65.

Test for alkalies, flowers of the common mallows, a good, vii, 194. ---- liquor, the blue iris affords a good, v, 408. ---- paper of purple cabbage, xxvi, 210.

Tests for arsenic, see _Arsenic_.

Testacea, economical notice of some species of, xxxii, 53, 235. ----, see farther under ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

Tetracaulodon, _R. Harlan_, xliii, 141. ----, xlv, 210. ----, _R. Owen_, xliv, 342.

Texas, lignite of, xxxvii, 216. ----, silicified wood of, xxxvii, 215. ----, hog-wallow prairies, notice of, xxxix, 211.

Thebaine, from opium, xxx, 379.

_Thenard, L. J._, system of Chemistry of, notice of, xx, 94.

_Thenard, P._, on the combinations of phosphorus and hydrogen, xlviii, 184. ----, on phosphuret of lime, xlix, 193.

Theodolite, Hassler's repeating, xvi, 252.^f

Theory of the universe, _P. E. Morin_, xxxi, 160.

---- of a resisting medium, examination of, xxxiii, 1.

Thermal spring, see _Spring_.

Thermo-electricity, xxv, 271; xxx, 181.

Thermo-electrical battery, _J. Locke_, xxvi, 214. ---- experiments on metals, _J. Locke_, xxvi, 381. ---- piles of Nobili, new, xxviii, 397.

Thermo-magnetism, a law of, regarding metals unequally heated, &c., _J. P. Emmet_, xxvi, 311.

Thermo-multiplier, _Nobili_ and _Melloni_, xxii, 370; xxiii, 185. ----, effects of, _M. Melloni_, xxiii, 381.

Thermometer, when invented, ii, 359. ----, theory of the construction of, _J. Adams_, viii, 121. ----, a new mode of graduating, _Skene_, xii, 397. ----, American manufactures of, vi, 371. ----, employed in finding the heights of mountains, xliv, 12. ----, or apparatus for measuring the expansion of solid bodies, _W. W. Mather_, xxx, 324.^f ----, differential, _W. Howard_, ii, 327.^f

Thermometric observations on solar and terrestrial radiation, at Montreal, 1838, _J. S. McCord_, xxxvi, 180, 182. ---- ----, see farther under _Temperature_ and _Meteorological_.

Thermopsis caroliniana, xliv, 80. ---- fraxinifolia, xliv, 81.

Thermoscope, new, xxii, 370.

Thermoscopic galvanometer, xxii, 370; xxxiii, 365.

Thetford, Vermont, copperas factory near, iii, 326.

_Thilorier_, liquid carbonic acid, xxxi, 402. ----, solidification of carbonic acid, xxxi, 163, 404.

Thimbles, manufactory of, in France, iii, 375.

Thomaite, a new mineral, xlix, 393.

_Thomas, D._, dip of the rocks in western New York, xviii, 375. ----, on coal formations in New York, xix, 326. ----, on physical climate, xix, 361. ----, Chrysomela vitivora, xxvi, 113.^f ----, on the American locust, xxi, 188. ----, specific characters of two species of Corydalis, xxvi, 114.^f ----, description of a new Ulmus, xix, 170.^f ----, on a new species of Liatris, xxxvii, 338.^f ----, on frogs and toads in rocks, xix, 167.

_Thomas, E._, improvements in the microscope, xix, 57.^f ----, improvements in the achromatic microscope, xx, 265.^f ----, obituary notice of, xxii, 380.

_Thomas, J._, transmission of galvanic light through metals of different conducting powers, xxxiv, 205.^f

_Thompson, W. A._, facts relating to diluvial action, xxiii, 243. ----, account of marks on graywacke, xx, 124. ----, on the vitality of toads confined, xxv, 41.

_Thomson, Sir Benjamin_, obituary notice of, xix, 28; xxxiii, 21.

_Thomson, C._, grave of, xxxv, 389.

_Thomson, J._, elevation of rails for roads of certain curvature, xxii, 346.^f ----, on inclined planes in the construction of railroads, xxiii, 107. ----, method of describing curves for arches, xxiv, 73.^f

_Thomson, J. B._, Elements of Geometry, by, noticed, xlviii, 210.

_Thomson, R. D._, on action of emulsin on amygdalin, xxxv, 302. ----, British annual of, noticed, xxxvii, 400. ----, on Parietin, xlix, 195. ----, Records of Science, noticed, xxviii, 365; xxxii, 212.

_Thomson, T._, native diarseniate of lead, xxxv, 297. ----, on diabetic sugar, xxxv, 298. ----, on galactin, xxxv, 303. ----, on cast iron, xxxiv, 21. ----, foreign substances in iron, xxxv, 302. ----, First Principles of Chemistry of, noticed, x, 162. ----, on light and heat, xx, 93. ----, Chemistry of Organic Bodies, noticed, xxxvi, 202. ----, on the non-existence of zirconia in Sillimanite, xlviii, 219. ----, analysis of Sillimanite, xlix, 396. ----, analysis of anthophyllite, xix, 359. ----, scientific medals of, xviii, 198.

Thomsonite, in New Jersey, xl, 69; xliv, 54. ----, in Nova Scotia, xxx, 345.

Thorium, a new metal, xvii, 381.

Thorn fence, x, 167.

Thracia, see ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

Thrombolite, xlii, 386.

Thunder storms, see under _Wind_.

_Thury, H. de_, on springs and fountains, xviii, 267.^f

Thylacotherium, xxxvii, 228.

_Tiarks, J. L._, on the northern boundary of the Lake of the Woods, xv, 41.

_Ticknor, G._, letter to, from Baron von Waltershausen, xlvii, 100.

Ticonderoga, walls of, iv, 49.

Tides, atmospheric, Bombay, xxxiii, 274. ---- of the ocean, remarks on, v, 133. ----, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxv, 132; xxviii, 311; xlv, 294. ----, theory of, with observations at London and Liverpool, _J. W. Lubbock_, xxxi, 333. ----, _W. Whewell_ on, xxxi, 335, 362; xxxv, 290. ----, connection with the weather, _G. W. Hall_, xxxi, 371. ----, results mapped out by means of curves, _W. Whewell_, xxxv, 290. ---- wave, circuit character of, _W. C. Redfield_, xxviii, 313. ---- and tidal wave of the Atlantic and Pacific, _W. C. Redfield_, xlv, 294. ---- of the Society Islands anomalous, _W. C. Redfield_, xxviii, 311. ---- ---- ----, ----, xxxiv, 83. ----, observations on the coast survey, xlix, 240. ----, remarks on, _D. Tomlinson_, xxxiv, 81. ----, rise and fall of, vanishes at a central space in the German Ocean, xlii, 158. ---- at Arbroath, remarkable, xlvi, 395. ----, of Mount's Bay, Cornwall, xlvi, 396. ---- observations made at Bristol and Leith, xlii, 150. ---- of London and Liverpool, xxxi, 333. ---- of Cape Cod, xxxiv, 393. ----, supposed, in the North American Lakes, remarks on, _H. Whiting_, xx, 205. ----, ----, ---- ----, _H. A. S. Dearborn_, xvi, 78.^f ----, ----, ---- ----, _D. Ruggles_, xlv, 18. ----, ----, in Lake Superior, _H. R. Schoolcraft_, xx, 213.

Tilgate forest, birds in the strata of, xxix, 362.

Timber, growth of, _A. C. Twining_, xxiv, 391. ----, seasoning of, xii, 163. ----, proper season for cutting, xxxiv, 169. ----, rotting of, in certain situations, xxxii, 380. ----, preserved by pyrolignite of iron, xl, 213.

Tin, purity of, xv, 178. ----, crystallization of, xvii, 206. ----, crystallized from solution, _W. W. Mather_, xxvii, 254. ----, action of metallic, on solutions of muriate of, _A. A. Hayes_, xxxviii, 408. ----, method of separating from antimony, xxvii, 197. ----, alloy of, with bismuth and lead, xxi, 371, 375. ----, ----, with antimony, the action of muriatic and nitric acids on, xlix, 206. ---- ore at Goshen, Mass., xvi, 188; xxii, 62. ---- ----, in New Hampshire, _C. T. Jackson_, xliii, 168; xlix, 34. ---- ----, in Virginia, xliii, 168.

Tinned lead pipes, xxvi, 210, 400.

Tioga coal, xiii, 32, 381.

Titaniferous iron ore, near Baltimore, _T. G. Clemson_, xvii, 42. ---- ---- ----, _P. Berliner_, xxiv, 375.

Titanium, metallic, vii, 192. ----, volatility of, _Zinken_, xxviii, 136. ----, crystals of, in the furnaces of Baden, xii, 189. ---- in scoria, _Wollaston's_ mode of detecting, xix, 188. ---- in rocks, xxviii, 136. ---- ores, in Connecticut, iv, 55. ---- ----, in Greece, xxxi, 175. ---- ----, of Massachusetts, i, 116, 134; vi, 24. ---- ----, in Vermont, iv, 276; vi, 24. ---- ----, in Virginia, ii, 143. ---- ----, in S. Carolina, iii, 228.

Tithonometer, _J. W. Draper_, xlvi, 217.^f

Toad, poison of the common, xiv, 373. ----, living in rocks, _A. Eaton_, xv, 247. ----, in stone or wood, _W. Buckland_, xxiii, 272. ----, vitality of, in rocks, _W. A. Thompson_, xxv, 41. ----, in sandstone at Park Gardens, Coventry, xxix, 353.

Tobacco, chemical experiments on, _C. C. Conwell_, xvii, 369. ----, a remedy for arsenic, xxxi, 188. ----, E. Wright's lecture on the use of, alluded to, xxiv, 190.

Toby, Mount, geology of, vi, 8. ----, ----, Mass., scenery of, vii, 10.

_Tolefree, R._, the voice and its modifications, xxvi, 76.

Tom, Mount, Massachusetts, rests on sandstone, i, 109. ----, ----, height of, and geological structure, vi, 45. ----, ----, scenery of, vii, 9.

Tomatos, acid in, xvii, 115.

Tombacite, xlii, 387.

_Tomlinson, D._, on the tides, xxxiv, 81. ----, on preserving animal fat for soap making, xxxvii, 194.

Tongueless dog, retaining the power to bark, xxxvi, 194.

Tonsil, concretion from, vi, 165.

Topaz, powder of, used as emery, xxxiv, 381. ----, distribution of coloring matter in crystals, and optical properties of, _D. Brewster_, vii, 364. ---- in Ireland, xxix, 374. ---- of Huntington, Ct., x, 352; xi, 192; xii, 158^f; xiv, 229. ---- in Connecticut, at Middletown, _C. U. Shepard_, xxxiv, 324. ---- in the While Mountains, xx, 410. ---- ----, analysis of, x, 352.