Part 29

_Prince, James_, on the sea-serpent, ii, 154.

_Prince, John_, memoir of, xxxi, 201.^f

_Prince, W._, a fruit, between the Spanish chesnut and the Maryland chinquapin, iii, 77.

Prince Regent's Inlet, geology of, xvii, 10.

Princeton, battle of, painted by J. Trumbull, xxxix, 231.

Principia of Newton, new edition of, vi, 379. ---- ----, review of, xi, 238; xii, 28, 330; xiii, 311.

Prinos coriaceus, v, 293.

Printing on zinc, x, 388. ----, a mode of stereotyping by Senefelder, xi, 386. ----, invention of stereotyping, xvii, 161. ----, stereotype, original papers by _C. Colden_ and _B. Franklin_ on, xxiv, 319. ---- designs, new mode of, vii, 191. ----, anastatic, xlix, 401. ---- press, improvements in, by J. I. Wells, iii, 311.^f ---- ----, inking machine, Wood's, xxiii, 103.^f ---- ---- for the blind, v, 385.

Prisons, Society for the Amelioration of, iii, 374.

Prizes offered by the Royal Society of London, xxv, 412.

Prize given by the Royal Society to _J. F. W. Herschel_, for a paper on double stars, xxv, 412. ---- respecting the ammoniacal azoturet of potassium, offered by the St. Petersburg Academy, xxv, 205. ----, the Montyon, presented, xxv, 189. ----, the De Lalande, given to E. Sabine, xii, 194. ----, ----, xxv, 190. ---- of the Academy of Sciences, xiv, 380, 389; xxii, 194.

Problems, diophantine, xxxi, 156. ----, dynamical, new solutions of, xxxviii, 106.

Producta, see ZOOLOGY, _Mollusca_.

Profile mountain, New Hampshire, _M. Field_, xiv, 64^f; xxxiv, 122.

Pronouns, nature of, explained, xxxiv, 337.

Proportions, definite, in Chemistry, _D. Olmsted_, xii, 1.

Prospect Hill, East Haven, Ct., scenery of, vii, 3.

Proteus of the North American Lakes, _S. L. Mitchill_, iv, 181; vii, 68.^f ----, _D. H. Barnes_, xi, 285.

Protococcus kermesinus, analogous to red particles in blood, xxxvi, 206.

_Prout, W._, analysis of starch sugar, xxxv, 299.

Providence Franklin Society, xviii, 195. ---- tornado, _R. Hare_, xliii, 137. ---- ----, _W. C. Redfield_, xliii, 263.^f

Prunnerite, new mineral species, xx, 197.

Prussia, population of, ix, 184. ----, universities of, xx, 388.

Prussian travellers, vii, 195.

Prussiate of potash, red, deoxidation of, _C. F. Schönbein_, xlix, 203. ---- ----, manufacture of, at Glasgow, _T. Thomson_, xli, 49.

Prussian blue, new mode of preparing, viii, 380. ---- ----, researches into the manufacture of, xv, 178. ---- ----, formation and nature of, xviii, 332. ---- ----, manufacture of, at Glasgow, xli, 50.

Prussic acid, _F. Magendie_ on, ii, 81. ---- ----, memoir on, _B. L. Oliver_, iii, 182. ---- ----, ----, _Orfila_, xviii, 157. ---- ----, effect of muriatic and sulphuric acids on, xviii, 146. ---- ----, extraordinary production of, _A. A. Hayes_, xviii, 201. ---- ----, preservation of, xvi, 260. ---- ----, apparatus for the evolution of, _R. Hare_, xxix, 244.^f ---- ----, impurities of, xix, 70. ---- ----, cases in which administered, iii, 187. ---- ----, efficacy in asthma, vi, 366. ---- ----, action of, on a horse, xii, 385. ---- ----, effects on vegetation, x, 190. ---- ----, chlorine an antidote for, xvii, 174; xxi, 157.

Pseudomorphine, a new vegetable extract, xxx, 179.

Pseudomorphism, observations on, _J. D. Dana_, xlviii, 81, 397.

Pseudomorphous minerals, account of, in a review of _J. R. Blum's_ treatise, xlviii, 66. ---- (crystallized) steatite, in Massachusetts, _C. Dewey_, iv, 274; v, 249; vi, 333; viii, 51. ---- steatite, having the form of quartz, scapolite and spinel, xxi, 320. ---- steatitic hornblende, analysis of, _L. C. Beck_, xlvi, 35. ---- quartz, at Southampton lead mine, vi, 214; ix, 249. ---- ----, in Pennsylvania, x, 223. ---- granite, vii, 22.^f

Pseudomorphs, siliceous, in Hampshire Co., Mass., xii, 256.

Pseudo-volcanoes of the Upper Missouri, xlv, 154.

Psora, use of chloride of lime in, xvi, 395.

Pudding stone of Mount Toby, Mass., vi, 8, 69.

Pulkova Observatory, xlvii, 88.

Pulmonary consumption, work on, _S. G. Morton_, noticed, xxv, 424.

Pultowa, monument of, iii, 379.

Pumice, floating, xx, 161. ---- at the Azores, iv, 259. ---- of the Mississippi, iii, 247. ---- of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, due to pseudo-volcanoes, _J. N. Nicollet_, xlv, 154.

Pump, by steam, xvi, 181. ----, air, see _Air pump_.

Purple of Cassius, ii, 350; xx, 192; xxviii, 145; xlviii, 192.

_Pursh, F._, notice of the herbarium of, xl, 11. ----, botanical excursions of, xlii, 10. ----, notice of, ix, 269.

Putnam's rock, v, 37.

Putnam Hill, section of, xxix, 30.^f

Putrefaction, animal, xviii, 397. ---- of stagnant water, prevented by animal charcoal, x, 189.

_Puvis_, essay on lime as a manure, xxx, 138.

Pyrargillite, analysis and description of, _Nordenskiöld_, xxvi, 387.

Pyrenees, geological notice of, ix, 23. ----, botany of, remarks on, xiv, 377.

Pyrites, arsenical, in New Jersey, v, 244. ----, copper, see under _Copper_. ----, iron, origin of, in fossils, xxviii, 293. ----, ----, occurrence of, in fossiliferous rocks, xxxi, 74. ----, ----, investing quartz, vegetable stalks, &c., _L. Lyon_, xii, 162. ----, ----, in a peat field, _J. T. Plummer_, xliv, 312.^f ----, ----, specific gravity of, xix, 388. ----, ----, cause of decomposition of, xix, 387. ----, ----, of Rossie, complex crystal of, xlvi, 36.^f ----, ----, in Connecticut, i, 316; v, 44; vii, 56; x, 13; xxxiii, 160. ----, ----, in Georgia, xxiv, 9. ----, ----, in Kentucky, iii, 233. ----, ----, in Massachusetts, viii, 54; x, 13, 18; xxii, 51. ----, ----, in Missouri, iii, 67. ----, ----, in New Hampshire, xviii, 129, 131. ----, ----, in New Jersey, v, 28. ----, ----, in New York, v, 12; xix, 224; xxv, 350; xxviii, 172. ----, ----, in North and South Carolina, iii, 3; v, 262; xli, 183. ----, ----, in Ohio, xvi, 156, 157. ----, ----, in Pennsylvania, iv, 4; viii, 239; x, 222; xiv, 5, 6, 8, 13. ----, ----, in Vermont, i, 115; iii, 76, 326; vi, 245.

Pyrochlore, analysis of, _F. Wöhler_, xviii, 392; xliii, 35. ---- of Chesterfield, Mass., _J. E. Teschemacher_, xlviii, 395. ----, identical with microlite, _J. E. Teschemacher_ and _A. A. Hayes_, xliii, 33. ---- and microlite, not identical, _C. U. Shepard_, xliii, 116; xlviii, 177. ----, analysis of, xlvi, 163.

Pyro-citric acid, new, vii, 187.

Pyro-gallic acid, _J. Pelouze_, xxviii, 126.

Pyrogenic acid, new, xxxiv, 206.

Pyroligneous acid, ii, 340; v, 188; ix, 201. ---- ----, purified by animal charcoal, xiii, 175. ---- ----, medical use of, ix, 201.

Pyrometer, steam, _W. R. Johnson_, xxii, 96.^f

Pyromorphite, or phosphate of lead, _C. Kersten_, xxii, 307.

Pyrope at Brimfield, Mass., vi, 222.

Pyrophorus, explosion of, x, 366. ----, new, from tartrate of lead, ix, 207. ----, remarks on, _Gay Lussac_, xvii, 176. ----, new, _R. Hare_, xix, 173.

Pyrophyllite, xviii, 392.

Pyrophysalite, ix, 21.

Pyrotechny, history of, vii, 137. ----, _J. Cutbush_ on, ix, 173.

Pyroxene, see _Augite_.

Pyrrhite, xlvii, 340, 418.

Q.

Quackery, medical, iv, 390.

Quadrant, _T. Godfrey_, the inventor of, xxxv, 389.

Quadrupeds about Richmond, Indiana, xlvi, 244. ----, habits and anecdotes of, xlvi, 237, 243. ----, see farther under _Zoology_.

Quantity of matter, effect of, on affinity, xvi, 234.

Quarantine, high temperatures disinfecting and affording a substitute for, _W. Henry_, xxi, 392.

Quartz, on certain cavities in, _W. L. Atlee_, xxxv, 139.^f ----, from Elba, containing water, iv, 27. ----, American, containing liquids, ii, 14; ix, 246; (and coal) xl, 83. ----, naphtha in, _C. Dewey_, i, 345. ----, soft crystal of, v, 394. ----, gelatinous, _Guillemin_, xiv, 391. ---- crystals, distorted, xlvi, 365^f, 366.^f ---- ----, in Canada, viii, 63. ---- ----, in Connecticut, i, 135; v, 41, 45; --(rose) i, 238; iv, 54; vi, 213, 251. ---- ----, in Maine, (smoky) xiii, 374; (rose) xviii, 297. ---- ----, in Massachusetts, i, 112, 113, 136; (rose) i, 116; vi, 247. ---- ----, in Missouri, iii, 67. ---- ----, in New Hampshire, (rose) xvii, 355; (smoky) xxxiv, 114. ---- ----, in New Jersey, ii, 197. ---- ----, in New York, i, 241; ii, 13; iii, 233; iv, 44; vi, 247; ix, 44. ---- ----, in North or South Carolina, iii, 5. ---- ----, in Pennsylvania, i, 237; ix, 45; x, 222; xiv, 5. ---- ----, in Rhode Island, viii, 230; ix, 46; xl, 185. ---- ----, in Vermont, vi, 249. ---- ----, near Lake Superior, smoky and amethyst, vii, 48. ----, pseudomorphous, in Massachusetts, at Southampton, vi, 214; ix, 249; xii, 256. ---- ----, in Pennsylvania, x, 223. ----, imitated by steatite, in Massachusetts, v, 249; vi, 333; viii, 51. ----, ---- ----, in New Jersey, xxi, 320. ---- rock of western Massachusetts, viii, 16. ---- veins, origin of, _G. Bischof_, xlix, 396.

Quebec, cement of the Castle Rock, _F. H. Baddely_, xxviii, 367. ----, Literary and Historical Society, transactions of, xvii, 412; xxv, 211.

Queries, geological, proposed by the geologists of the New York State survey, xxxiii, 124. ---- relative to mineral veins, xxxiii, 135.

Quicksilver mines of Spain, xxviii, 17. ---- ---- of Idria, xxix, 219.

_Quinby, A. B._, investigations relative to the blowing machinery of blast furnace, xii, 128. ----, examination of the maximum and minimum effects of machines, xii, 346. ----, on crank motion, vii, 316^f; ix, 317; x, 203; xi, 335; xi, 338^f; xii, 344^f; xiii, 73, 356. ----, on pitchback and breast wheels, xi, 333. ----, on high and low pressure boilers, ix, 313.^f ----, on the spiral of Archimedes, ix, 316.^f ----, new demonstrations on the theory of the overshot water-wheel, ix, 304^f;

Quinine, preparation of, xlvii, 196. ----, remarks upon, xx, 52. ----, sulphate of, frauds in, x, 386. ----, ----, mode of detecting its adulteration with sugar, xiii, 400. ----, manufactures of, in France, xiv, 390.

Quinoline, xlvii, 196.

R.

Races of men, enumeration and characters of, _S. G. Morton_, xxxviii, 342^f; xlvii, 206. ---- ----, stature of, xxii, 357. ----, Indian, of America, characteristics of, _S. G. Morton_, xxxviii, 345, 347, 360^f; xlvii, 408. ---- of the Andes, ancient, xxix, 358. ----, Peruvian, characteristics of ancient and modern, _S. G. Morton_, xxxviii, 361^f, 365.^f

Radiant heat, transmission of, _M. Melloni_, xxvii, 228. ---- ----, _B. Powell_, xl, 313.

Radiation of heat, _A. D. Bache_, xxx, 16; xxxiv, 39. ---- ----, apparatus for illustrating, xxviii, 320.^f

Radius of the earth, xxxi, 234.

_Rae, J._, balloon raised by solar heat, xxxiii, 196.

_Rafinesque, C. S._, progress of vegetation near Philadelphia, i, 77. ----, on atmospherical dust, i, 397. ----, on the genus Flœrkea, i, 373. ----, new species of grass, Diplocea barbata, i, 252. ----, Cylactis, Nemopanthus and Polanisia, three genera of New York plants, i, 377. ----, description of the Xanthium maculatum, i, 151. ----, new genus (Exoglossum) of freshwater fish, i, 155. ----, Mustela vulpina, new species, i, 82. ----, Scytalus cupreus, or copper headed snake, i, 84. ----, sponges on Long Island shores, i, 149. ----, notice of the works of, xxix, 393, 394. ----, ---- of zoological writings of, _S. S. Haldeman_, xlii, 280. ----, ---- of the Botanical writings of, xl, 221.

Railroads in Austria, xx, 174. ---- in the United States, extent of, _J. Henry_, xxxiii, 296. ----, Hudson and Mohawk, account of, _S. D. Bloodgood_, xxi, 141. ----, graduation of Mohawk and Hudson, xxi, 385.^f ----, Baltimore, method of clearing the snow from, xx, 166.^f ---- curves, _T. Gorton_, xxvii, 131.^f ----, elevation of, required for rails, over roads of a certain curvature, _J. Thomson_, xxii, 346.^f ----, inclined planes in the construction of, _J. Thomson_, xxiii, 107. ----, turnouts in, with flexible moveable rails, _T. Gorton_, xxviii, 248. ---- cars, rapidity consistent with safety, xxxv, 197. ----, improved method of constructing, xxxv, 318. ----, cast iron sleepers for, xxxv, 318. ----, resistance of air to trains of, xxxviii, 136. ----, atmospheric, xlix, 228. ---- tunnel, in Pennsylvania, xxix, 73.

Railways, vibration of, _Denham_, xxx, 382.

Railway iron, remarks on, _D. Mushet_, xxxiv, 15.

Rain, amount of, at different heights in the atmosphere, xxix, 354. ----, ----, in S. W. of Ireland, _T. Knox_, xlvi, 394. ----, ----, in the Ghâts of Western India, xxxviii, 103. ----, mean annual amount of, at Perth, Scotland, xl, 342. ----, excessive at Genoa and elsewhere, _J. D. Forbes_, xl, 326. ---- at Paris, in 1823, ix, 194. ----, register of, at Hudson, Ohio, _E. Loomis_, xli, 328; xlix, 282. ----, ----, at Montreal, 1836-1840, _J. S. McCord_, xli, 331. ---- at Westchester, Penn., amount for several years, _W. Darlington_, vi, 326. ---- ----, register for ten years, xiv, 29. ----, at New Fane, Vt., 1823, '24, _M. Field_, viii, 306. ----, tropical, iv, 375. ----, season of, in Columbia, South America, _R. Wright_, xxxvii, 2. ---- from a clear sky, instances of, xxxvi, 178. ----, _Rowall's_ theory of, xli, 40. ----, remarks on, _W. C. Redfield_, xxxiii, 54. ----, red, i, 309. ----, ----, in Tennessee, _G. Troost_, xli, 403. ----, ----, ----, a hoax, xliv, 216. ---- of mollusca, xxx, 187. ---- of fish, xli, 40. ---- of grain, xli, 40. ---- water, contents of, xv, 181, 185. ----, see farther under _Meteorology_.

Rain-gauge, improved, _G. Chilton_, vii, 326.^f ----, conical, _S. De Witt_, xxii, 321.^f ----, used in New York state, xxv, 267.^f ----, globular, of _Robinson_, xlii, 159. ----, _A. D. Bache_, on the effect of deflected currents of air on the results with, xxxv, 287.

Rain-marks in sandstone, _W. Buckland_, xxxv, 308. ----, at Storeton Hill, _Cunningham_, xxxvii, 371. ---- in the new red sandstone of New Jersey, _W. C. Redfield_, xliii, 172; xliv, 136; xlv, 315. ---- in the rocks of the Connecticut valley, _C. Lyell_, xlv, 394. ---- in the Connecticut valley sandstone, _J. Deane_, xlix, 213. ---- in the Potsdam sandstone, _E. Emmons_, xlv, 316.

Rainbow, different brilliancy of the primary and secondary, xxi, 379. ----, supernumerary, _A. C. Twining_, xxxii, 227. ----, accompanied with five supplementary bows, _D. Brewster_, xl, 344. ----, an acoustic, xxi, 381.

_Rainey, P._, on the dry-rot, xxxiv, 169.

Raining trees, notice of, xv, 170.

_Rains, G. W._, on the generation of statical electricity by the electrical machine, xlix, 93.^f

Raleigh's tyfoon of 1835, xxxv, 210; xxxvi, 59.

Ram, hydraulic, iii, 381.

Rambles of a naturalist, xxv, 425.

_Ramond_, on the vegetation of the Pyrenees, xiv, 377.

Rana, species of, x, 52; xi, 273.

Raphael tapestries, effect of light and air in restoring the colors of, xxxvii, 214.

Rapids, navigation of, vii, 175.

_Rask_, notice of, iv, 383.

Rat, pouched, of Canada, iv, 183. ----, mode of destroying, xxiv, 205.

Rational expression for sines, tangents and secants, _D. Gould_, xxii, 392.

Rats, habits of, xlvi, 242.

Rattlesnakes, ii, 229. ----, curious facts respecting the bones of, _J. Green_, iii, 85. ----, disarmed by the leaves of the white ash, _S. Woodruff_, xxiii, 337. ----, ---- ibid, remarks on, xxx, 208. ----, cure for bite, iv, 61, 189. ----, Turman's snake root in North Carolina considered an antidote for the bite of, xlii, 43. ----, oil cure for the bite of, xliv, 95. ----, Crotalus durissus, xxiv, 176. ----, habits of, xlvi, 44.

_Rawson_, on fires in London, xxxv, 316.

Ray, solar, see _Light_.

_Ray, John_, some notice of, _C. Fox_, xxxvi, 223.

Razors, paste for, iv, 199. ----, method of sharpening, xxi, 165. ----, effect of cold on, xxvi, 189.

Record of General Science, _R. D. Thomson's_, noticed, xxviii, 365; xxxii, 212.

Rectification of the ellipse, xviii, 38.^f

Red color in agates, xxxvi, 207. ---- ---- of marshes in the Mediterranean, xli, 193. ---- globules of blood related to Protococcus, xxxvi, 206. ---- rain, i, 309. ---- ---- in Tennessee, xli, 403. ---- ---- ----, a hoax, xliv, 216. ---- snow, x, 192. ---- ----, an animal production, _L. Agassiz_, xli, 64. ---- sulphur spring, Va., xxix, 96.

_Redfield, W. C._, on the storms of the Atlantic coast of the United States, xx, 17; --storm of September 3, 1821, 20; exhibited in the form of a great whirlwind, 21; tornadoes, generally, revolve on an axis of rotation and move with the main currents, 22; a consequent retrograde motion on one side of the axis and progressive on the other side, 23. ----, storm of August, 1830, xx, 34; second storm of August, 1830, 39; storm of October 1, 1830, 41; fall in the barometer due to the gyration of storms, 45. ----, on the hurricane of August, 1831, illustrating the position that storms and hurricanes are gyratory in action, and move with the general current of the region in which they occur, xxi, 191. ----, on the hurricanes and storms of the West Indies and the coast of the United States, xxv, 114; --uniformity of general character of; originate in tropical latitudes; greatest energy towards their interior; drifted by the prevailing atmospheric current; velocity of progression, 114; length of route; local duration; direction of the winds not the direction of progress, 115; local directions and change of wind, 115, 116; rotative motion from right to left in the northern hemisphere; effect on the barometer, 117; oscillation of the axis of rotation, 118; Barbadoes hurricane of August, 1831, 119; practical deductions for navigators, 119, 120; storms of the China Sea similar to those of the West Indies, 121; gyration in the southern hemisphere opposite to that in the northern, 121. ----, facts in meteorology, xxv, 122; --general view of the atmosphere and its currents, 123; classification of storm-winds, 126; whirlwinds and water-spouts identical, 127; transport of volcanic ashes by upper currents, 128, 129; barometer, 129, 130; circuit currents of the Atlantic and Pacific, 130, 131; cold polar currents flowing beneath the tropical, and carrying icebergs into the Gulf Stream, 131. ----, irregularities in the tides at Tahiti and elsewhere suggest a movement of the tide-wave from west to east in the higher latitudes and the reverse in the lower, xxv, 132; climate, as connected with atmospheric and oceanic currents, 133; deserts due to the fact that aerial currents of the region are passing from colder to warmer latitudes, 134. ----, synopsis of Meteorological Journal in New York city, for 1833, '34, xxviii, 154; --observed winds and cloud currents, 155; cold of southwest winds in winter, 157; barometric results, 157. ----, reply to _J. P. Espy's_ "Notes," xxviii, 310; --tides at Tahiti, 311; course of tide-wave in N. Atlantic, 313; southwest wind of the Andes, 314; correction of a barometrical inaccuracy, 315; general atmospheric currents due to the earth's rotation and orbital progression, as affecting the gravitation, 316; greatest influence of heat shown in land and sea breezes, 317. ----, gales and hurricanes of the Western Atlantic, with a chart, xxxi, 115; --character of, and causes, 115-119^f; hurricane of October, 1780, at Jamaica, showing the northwardly progression of, 120; hurricane of Barbadoes, October 10, 1780, 121; Barbadoes, Sept. 3, 1835, 122; rotatory scudding in hurricanes, 122; routes of various hurricanes, 125-127; Pacific systems of storms same as in the Atlantic, 128, 129. ----, relation of Gulf Stream to an opposite current on the N. American coast, xxxii, 349; --icebergs carried into the Gulf Stream by the deeper polar current, 351, 352; (boulders of Labradorite at Cocksackie, 351;) lower temperature on shoals and shores, due to the submarine current, 353. ----, meteorological sketches; on the atmosphere, currents, winds, clouds, fogs, rain, hail, storms, water-spouts, whirlwinds, trade winds, circuit winds, and land and sea breezes, xxxiii, 50; --deserts, variations of the barometer, 261. ----, meteorological journal at New York, for 1837, with average results for the preceding five years, including surface winds and cloud currents, and barometrical observations, xxxiv, 373. ----, on the courses of hurricanes, xxxv, 201; --tornado of 1835, 206; tyfoons of the China Sea, 209; Raleigh's tyfoon, 210^f; Canton tyfoon of August, 1832, 217; ibid of September, 1831, 218; hurricanes of Asiatic Seas, 220; law of atmospheric circulation, 222. ----, on columnar whirlwinds excited by fires, xxxvi, 50. ----, Raleigh's Tyfoon, xxxvi, 59. ----, meteorological register at New York city, for 1838 and 1839, with the mean results for the last seven years, xxxviii, 323. ----, meteorological observations at St. John's, Newfoundland, and at Canton, China, xxxviii, 265. ----, on the tornado of New Brunswick, and its whirling action, xli, 69.^f ----, on the storm of Dec. 15, 1839, and general deductions on the nature of storms, xlii, 112.^f ----, on the Providence tornado, with the evidence of its whirling action, xliii, 263.^f ----, reply to _R. Hare's_ objections to the whirlwind theory of storms, xlii, 299; xliii, 250. ----, reply to _R. Hare's_ strictures on H. W. Dové's essay on storms, xliv, 384. ----, on tides, and the prevailing currents of the ocean and atmosphere, xlv, 293. ----, on ancient polar currents, xliii, 152. ----, on drift deposits about New York, xliii, 152. ----, _Scoresby_ and _Buchan's_ observations on the temperature of the ocean at different depths showing warmer waters below, xlv, 139. ----, healed waters at the bottom of an ocean not immediately diffused by upward currents, xlv, 138. ----, on the effects of polar currents, xlv, 326. ----, on the drift period, the condition of the earth at the time and attendant phenomena, xlvii, 120. ----, on the drift ice, and currents of the North Atlantic, with an illustrative map, xlviii, 373. ----, visit to Essex Co. mountains, N. Y., and barometric measurements, with a sketch of the northern sources of the Hudson, xxxiii, 301^f; --see farther under _New York_. ----, on some American fossil fishes of the Connecticut valley and New Jersey, xli, 24, 164; xliii, 172. ----, fossil fishes of New Jersey and Connecticut identical, xxxvi, 186. ----, fossil fish and footprints in the red sandstone of New Jersey, xliv, 134.^f ----, on fossil fishes in New Jersey, xlv, 314. ----, fossil fish in Virginia, xxxiv, 201. ----, fossil footprints of Middletown, Ct., xxxiii, 201. ----, ---- ---- of Portland, Ct., xliii, 172. ----, ---- ---- in New Jersey, xliv, 134; xlv, 315. ----, ---- rain-marks in New Jersey, xliii, 172; xliv, 136; xlv, 315. ----, fossil shells of the Miocene, xli, 161. ----, notices of American steamboats, xxiii, 311. ----, on steamboat explosions, xxi, 190.

Refining, instructions on, xvii, 177.

Reflecting goniometer, xx, 158.

Refraction in the higher regions of the atmosphere, suggestions on, xii, 299. ----, curious lunar, x, 187. ----, extraordinary, in the diamond, xxxiv, 38.^f ----, double, its relation to the crystalline forms of minerals, _D. Brewster_, vii, 363. ----, ----, produced by pressure, _D. Brewster_, xxi, 296. ----, ----, cause of, in crystals, _D. Brewster_, xxi, 296. ---- of heat, xxviii, 366.

Refractive indices, theoretical computation of, _B. Powell_, xlii, 160. ---- ----, _B. Powell_ on, xxxviii, 107. ---- power of minute bodies, and its application to mineralogy, _A. Bryson_, xli, 54.

Refrigerating compound, see _Cold_.