Part 12

_Record Group 98._ Letters received Calif., 1854. Enclosure to document no. _W 2_. John Nugent, Camp Wessells, Dec. 31, 1853.

The Four Creeks region (Kaweah) from the Sierra Nevada to Tulare Lake will not contain more than 1,000, all told.

_Record Group 98._ Letters received Calif., 1854. Enclosure to document no. _W 12_. H. W. Wessells, Fort Miller, March 7, 1854.

The Indians under control of Fort Miller include those on the Fresno, San Joaquin, Kings, and Kaweah Rivers. They are much reduced in numbers, owing to the recent sickness.

Fresno River: 400 persons, including 100 able men.

San Joaquin River: 350, including 80-90 able men.

Kings River: 1,100, including 250 able men.

Kaweah River: 800, including 200 able men.

_Office of Indian Affairs_

_Record Group 75._ Letters received Calif., 1854. Enclosure to document no. _H 758_. D. A. Enyart, Fresno Reservation, Nov. 3, 1854.

The Indians on the Fresno Farm include: 30 Chowchilla, 220 Choot-chances, 90 Pohonicha, and 100 Potohanchi.

The Indians in Mariposa, Stanislaus, and Tuolumne counties do not exceed a total of 2,000.

By river system he breaks them down thus: 300 on the Merced, 350 on the Tuolumne, 250 at Plant's Ferry on the Stanislaus, 100 elsewhere on the Stanislaus, and 100 scattering through the country.

_Record Group 75._ Letters received Calif., 1855. Enclosure to document no. _H 1050_. Report of D. A. Enyart, Fresno Reservation, Aug. 22, 1855.

"I find that there are at least about 1,000 to 1,500 Indians on the River (i.e., San Joaquin).... This does not include the 'Mono' tribe which is the most numerous of any tribe...."

_Record Group 75._ Letters received Calif., 1859. Enclosure to document no. _M 66_. M. B. Lewis, Fresno Agency, Aug. 30, 1859.

A report on the 22 tribes which recognize the Fresno Agency as their headquarters. Abstracted as follows:

_Wel-leelch-um-nies_: the most northerly tribe; is "temporarily" on the Tuolumne River because of displacement by the whites. 85

_Poto-en-cies_: have abandoned their native land, the Merced Valley and are now on the Chowchilla. 110

_Noot-choos_: "a union of the remnant of other tribes," including some Yosemites. Now on the north fork of the Chowchilla. 85

_Po-ho-nee-chees_: on the headwaters of the Fresno. 105

_Chow-chillas_: have moved from the Chowchilla to the Fresno River. 85

_Cooc-chances_: the largest "unbroken" tribe in the agency, originally on Coarse Gold Creek; some still there, some at agency. 240

_How-ches_: once large; always have been on the Fresno. 18

_Pit-cat-ches_ and _Tal-linches_: (two distinct tribes); native habitat was the San Joaquin River; still near Fort Miller. 150

_Coss-waz_: "to some extent identified with the Pit-cat-ches"; native land is Deer Creek. 88

_Monos_: on Fine Gold Creek and the upper San Joaquin River. 535

_War-to-kes_, _Itee-ches_, and _Cho-pes_: all on Kings River; "constitute one nation" but have separate heads (on Wartoke Creek). 290

_Wat-ches_: since 1854 have been on Kings River Farm. 75

_No-to-no-tos_ and _We-melches_. 190

_Tat-ches_ and _Wo-wells_: these four tribes are native to the lower Kings River and Tulare Lake. They were recently driven to their homes on the Fresno Farm. 165

_Cow-willas_: their home is the mouth of the Kaweah at the foothills. 110

_Tel-em-nies_: on the Kaweah, near Visalia. 105 _____

Total 2,436

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PUBLISHED WORKS

Barbour, G. W.

1852. 32nd Cong., 1st sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 1, pt. III.

1853. Report to the Indian Commissioner. 33rd Cong., spec. sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, pp. 249-264 [Ser. no. 688].

Barbour, G. W., R. McKee, and O. M. Wozencraft

1853. Report to the Indian Commissioner. 33rd Cong., spec. sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, pp. 56-59.

Carson, James H.

1852. In San Joaquin Republican (Stockton, Feb., 1852), as quoted by S. P. Elias, Stories of Stanislaus (Modesto, 1924), p. 196.

Chapman, Charles E.

1911. Expedition on the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers in 1817, Diary of Fray Narciso Duran. Publ. Acad. Pacific Coast Hist., Vol. 2, No. 5.

Cook, S. F.

1940. Population Trends among the California Mission Indians. Univ. Calif. Ibero-Americana 17. Berkeley.

Coues, Elliott, ed.

1900. On the Trail of a Spanish Pioneer. (The diary of Francisco Garcés.) Trans, and ed. by Elliott Coues. New York. The parts pertaining to the San Joaquin Valley are in 1:281-300.

Derby, Lt. George H.

1852. A Report of the Tulare Valley. 32nd. Cong., 1st sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 110, pp. 4-16.

Farquhar, Francis P.

1932. The Topographical Reports of George H. Derby, California Hist. Soc. Quarterly, 11:99, 247, 365.

Gayton, A. H.

1948. Yokuts and Western Mono Ethnography. Univ. Calif. Publ. Anthro. Rec., Vol. 10. Berkeley.

Gifford, E. W.

1932. The Northfork Mono. Univ. Calif. Publ. Am. Arch. and Ethn., 31:15-65. Berkeley.

Gifford, E. W., and W. Egbert Schenck

1926. Archaeology of the Southern San Joaquin Valley, California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Am. Arch. and Ethn., 23:1-122. Berkeley.

Gilbert, F. T.

1879. History of San Joaquin County, California. Oakland, Calif.

Henley, T. J.

1857. Report to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, accompanying Ann. Rept. Sec. of the Interior for 1856. No. 100, pp. 236-246.

Johnston, Adam

1853. Report to the Indian Commissioner. 33rd Cong., spec. sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 4, pp. 241-247.

1860. In H. R. Schoolcraft, Archives of Aboriginal Knowledge, 4:406 ff.

Kroeber, A. L.

1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Bur. Amer. Ethn. Bull. 78. Washington, D. C.

Latta, F. F.

1949. Handbook of Yokuts Indians. Bakersfield, Calif.

Mason, J. D.

1881. History of Amador County, California. Oakland, Calif.

Merriam, C. Hart

1905. The Indian Population of California, American Anthropologist, n.s., 7:594-606.

1907. Distribution and Classification of the Mewan Stock of California, American Anthropologist, n.s., 9:338-357.

Powers, Stephen

1877. Tribes of California, Contributions to North American Ethnology. Washington, D. C.

Ryer, W. M.

1852. Vouchers for vaccination. 32nd Cong., 2nd sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 61, pp. 20-23 [Ser. no. 620].

Savage, James D.

1851. Letter in the True Standard, reprinted in the Sacramento Union, Apr. 10, 1851.

Schenck, W. Egbert

1926. Historic Aboriginal Groups of the California Delta Region. Univ. Calif. Publ. Am. Arch. and Ethn., 23:123-146. Berkeley.

Sutter, John A.

1850. Letter to H. W. Halleck, Dec. 20, 1847. 31st Cong., 1st sess., H. R. Ex. Doc. 17.

1939. New Helvetia Diary; a Record of Events Kept by John A. Sutter and His Clerks at New Helvetia, California, from September 9, 1845, to May 25, 1848. San Francisco, Calif.

Tinkham, George H.

1923. History of San Joaquin County, California. Los Angeles, Calif.

United States Treaties

1905. Message from the President ... communicating Eighteen Treaties made with Indians in California ... [1851-1852, by G. W. Barbour, O. M. Wozencraft, and Redick McKee.] 32nd Cong., 1st sess., Sen. Con. Doc. Reprint of 1905. Washington, D. C.

Warner, J. J.

Description of 1832 Epidemic among the Indians of the San Joaquin Valley. In An Illustrated History of San Joaquin County, California ... pp. 28-29. The Lewis Publishing Co. Chicago.

Wessels, H. W.

1857. Report on the Tribes of the San Joaquin Valley. 34th Cong., 3rd sess., H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, pp. 31-32.

Wozencraft, O. M.

1851. Letter dated July 12, 1851. 32nd Cong., 1st sess., Sen. Ex. Doc. 1, pt. III, pp. 488-490 [Ser. no. 906].

MANUSCRIPTS

All manuscripts are in the Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, unless otherwise stated.

Abella, Ramon

Diario de un registro de los Rios Grandes, Oct. 31, 1811, San Francisco. Santa Barbara Archive, IV:101-134. Also original manuscript.

Altimira, José

Letter to Prefect José Senan, July 10, 1823, San Francisco. Archbishop's Archive, IV (2):21-26.

Amador, José Maria

Memorias sobre la Historia de California, 1877. Original manuscript C-D 28.

Argüello, José

Letter to Governor Arrillaga, May 30, 1805, San Francisco. Provincial State Papers, XIX:42 ff.

Argüello, Luís Antonio

Letter to Governor Arrillaga, Oct. 31, 1813, San Francisco. Provincial State Papers, XIX:345-349.

Carta al Gobernador Don Pablo Vicente de Sola ... May 26, 1817, San Francisco. Original manuscript (no. fm F864A64); also typed copy.

Berryesa, José

Dated July 15, 1830, San Jose. Departmental State Papers, II:135-137.

Cabot, Juan

Expedicion al valle de los Tulares, Letter to the Padre Presidente, Apr. 7, 1815. Santa Barbara Archive, VI:67-72.

Letter to De La Guerra, May 23, 1818. De La Guerra Documents, VII:88.

Dixon, H.

California Indians. 1875.

Duran, Narciso

Diario de la expedicion de reconocimiento hecha en el mes de Mayo de 1817.... Original manuscript. (See also Charles E. Chapman, 1911.)

Estudillo, José Maria

Diario que formo yo el ten^{te} d^{n} Jose Maria Estudillo en la campaña ... emprendo p^{a} el reconocimiento y visita de las rancherias situadas en los tulares ... Nov. 10, 1819, Monterey. Original manuscript; also typed copy.

Garcia, Inocente

Hechos Historicos de California, 1878. Original manuscript. CC-D 84.

Jaime, Antonio

Letter to Governor Sola, March 30, 1816, Soledad. Archbishop's Archive, III(1):23-24.

Marquinez, Marcelino

Letter to Governor Sola, May 26, 1816. Archbishop's Archive, III(1):41-42.

Martin, Juan

Visita a los Gentiles Tulareños, Apr. 26, 1815, San Miguel. Santa Barbara Archive, VI:85-89.

Martinez, Luís Antonio

Entrada en las Rancherias del Tular, May 29, 1816, San Luis Obispo. Archbishop's Archive, III(1):42-45.

McKinstry, George

Documents for the History of California, 1846-9. Presented by Dr. George McKinstry of San Diego, 1872.

Merriam, C. Hart

Manuscript collection in Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley.

Moraga, Gabriel

Diario de la tercera expedicion echa por el Alferez Don Gabriel Moraga ... a los rios del norte; verificada en el mes de septiembre de el año de 1808. Original manuscript; also two typed copies.

Muñoz, Pedro

Diario de la Exp^{n} echa por D. Gabriel Moraga de la Compania de San Francisco a los nuevos descubrimientos del tular ... Nov. 2, 1806, San Francisco. Santa Barbara Archive, IV:1-47.

Ortega, Juan de

Diario que forma el Sarg^{to} Dist^{do} D^{n} Juan de Ortega segun los sitios q^{e} por orn. del Sr. Gov^{or} de su mando registrar ... Dec. 2, 1815, San Juan Bautista. Original manuscript; also typed copy.

Pico, José Dolores

Diario formado p^{r} el Sarg^{to} José Dolores Pico de la expedicion que a echo p^{r} dispocion del ciudadano ... José Estudillo, Jan. 31, 1826. Original manuscript.

Piña, Joaquin

Quaderno de las Novedades Hoccuridas diariamente en la expedicion que marcha a las ordenes del ... Guadelupe Vallejo, June 13, 1829, Monterey. Original manuscript; also a copy in the California Manuscript series, no. E-88.

Rodriguez, Sebastián

Diario que forma yo el Sarg^{to} Sebastian Rodriguez de la Campana nombrada el dia 17 de Abril de 1828 [dated May 8, 1828]. Original manuscript.

Diario formado p^{r} el Sargento Sebastian Rodriguez desde el dia 26 de Mayo ... una expedicion al Tular por el rumbo de S. Miguel, June 22, 1828, Monterey. Manuscript.

Sal, Hermenegildo

... Informe en el cual el teniente Herm^{do} Sal manifesta lo que ha adquirido de varios sugetos para comunicarlo al Governador dela Provincia; Jan. 31, 1796. Provincial State Papers, XIV:14-16.

Sanchez, José

Letter to Ignacio Martinez, May 10, 1826. State Papers, Missions and Colonization, II:15-20.

Savage, James

In H. Dixon, California Indians. MS 1875.

Viader, José

Diario, o noticia del viaje que acabo de hacer ... desde el 15 hasta el 28 de Agosto de 1810, Aug. 28, 1910, San Juan Bautista. Santa Barbara Archive, IV:73-84.

Diario del P. Jose desde 19 hasta 27 de Octubre de 1810. Letter to the Padre Presidente, Oct. 19, 1810, San Jose. Santa Barbara Archive, IV:85-94.

Zalvidea, José Maria

Diario de una expedicion tierra adentro, 1806. Santa Barbara Archive, IV:49-68.

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes

Retained the spelling and punctuation inconsistencies of the original book, except for the following changes:

Page 52: Changed "haorses" to "horses". Orig.: southeast from Copicha and saw haorses from the rancheria

Page 67: Changed "slighest" to "slightest". Orig.: there is not the slightest evidence in Viader's diaries

Page 73: Changed "manuscipt" to "manuscript". Orig.: Abella, Ramon ... Also original manuscipt.

Superscripts are indicated with ^{xx}, e.g.: Diario formado p^{r} el Sarg^{to} José Dolores Pico