Part 412
Tajikistan state-run television broadcaster transmits nationally on 4 stations and regionally on 4 stations; about 10 independent TV stations broadcast locally and regionally; some households are able to receive Russian and other foreign stations via cable and satellite; state-run radio broadcaster operates Radio Tajikistan, Voice of Dushanbe, and several regional stations; a small number of independent radio stations also broadcast (2008)
Tanzania a state-owned TV station and multiple privately-owned TV stations; state-owned national radio station supplemented by more than 40 privately-owned radio stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are available (2007)
Thailand 6 terrestrial TV stations in Bangkok broadcast nationally via relay stations - 2 of the networks are owned by the military, the other 4 are government-owned or controlled, leased to private enterprise, and are all required to broadcast government-produced news programs twice a day; multi-channel satellite and cable TV subscription services are available; radio frequencies have been allotted for more than 500 government and commercial radio stations; many small community radio stations operate with low-power transmitters (2008)
Timor-Leste 1 public TV broadcast station broadcasting nationally and 1 public radio broadcaster with stations in each of the 13 administrative districts; a few commercial radio stations and roughly a dozen community radio stations (2009)
Togo 2 state-owned TV stations with multiple transmission sites; 5 private TV stations broadcast locally; cable TV service is available; state-owned radio network with multiple stations; several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are obtainable (2007)
Tokelau no broadcast television stations; each atoll operates a radio service that provides shipping news and weather reports (2009)
Tonga 2 state-owned television stations and 2 privately-owned stations; satellite and cable TV services are available; 2 state-owned and 3 privately-owned radio stations; Radio Australia broadcasts obtainable via a satellite feed (2009)
Trinidad and Tobago 5 TV networks each broadcasting on multiple stations; one of the networks is state-owned; multiple cable TV subscription service providers; multiple radio networks, one state-owned, broadcast over about 35 stations (2007)
Tunisia broadcast media is mainly government-controlled; the state-run Tunisian Radio and Television Establishment (ERTT) operates 2 national television networks, several national radio networks, and a number of regional radio stations; 1 TV and 3 radio stations are privately-owned and report domestic news stories directly from the official Tunisian news agency; the state retains control of broadcast facilities and transmitters through L'Office National de la Telediffusion; Tunisians also have access to Egyptian, pan-Arab, and European satellite TV channels (2007)
Turkey national public broadcaster Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT) operates multiple TV and radio networks and stations; multiple privately-owned national television stations and up to 300 private regional and local television stations; multi-channel cable TV subcriptions are obtainable; more than 1,000 private radio broadcast stations (2009)
Turkmenistan broadcast media is government controlled and censored; 4 state-owned TV and 4 state-owned radio networks; satellite dishes and programming provide an alternative to the state-run media; officials sometimes limit access to satellite TV by seizing satellite dishes (2007)
Turks and Caicos Islands while there are no local terrestrial TV stations, broadcasts from the Bahamas can be received; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; government-run radio network operates alongside private broadcasters with a total of about 15 stations broadcasting (2007)
Tuvalu no television broadcast stations; many households use satellite dishes to watch foreign TV stations; 1 government-owned radio station, Radio Tuvalu, includes relays of programming from international broadcasters (2009)
Uganda public broadcaster, Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC), operates radio and television networks; Uganda first began licensing privately-owned stations in the 1990s; by 2007 there were nearly 150 radio and 35 TV stations, mostly based in and around Kampala; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available in Kampala (2007)
Ukraine TV coverage is provided by Ukraine's state-controlled nationwide broadcast channel (UT1) and a number of privately-owned television broadcast networks; Russian television broadcasts have a small audience nationwide, but larger audiences in the eastern and southern regions; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; Ukraine's radio broadcast market, a mix of independent and state-owned networks, is comprised of some 300 stations (2007)
United Arab Emirates except for the many organizations now operating in Dubai's Media Free Zone, most television and radio stations remain government-owned; widespread use of satellite dishes provides access to pan-Arab and other international broadcasts (2007)
United Kingdom public service broadcaster BBC is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world; BBC operates multiple TV networks with regional and local TV service; a mixed system of public and commercial TV broadcasters along with satellite and cable systems provide access to hundreds of TV stations throughout the world; BBC operates multiple national, regional, and local radio networks with multiple transmission sites; a large number of commercial radio stations as well as satellite radio services are available (2008)
United States 4 major terrestrial television networks with affiliate stations throughout the country, plus cable and satellite networks, independent stations, and a limited public broadcasting sector that is largely supported by private grants; overall, thousands of TV stations broadcasting; multiple national radio networks with large numbers of affiliate stations; while most stations are commercial, National Public Radio (NPR) has a network of some 600 member stations; satellite radio available; overall, nearly 15,000 radio stations operating (2008)
Uruguay mixture of privately-owned and state-run broadcast media; more than 100 commercial radio stations and about 20 television channels broadcasting; cable TV is available; large number of community radio and TV stations (2007)
Uzbekistan government controls media; 8 state-owned broadcasters - 4 TV and 4 radio - provide service to virtually the entire country; about 20 privately-owned TV stations, overseen by local officials, broadcast to local markets; privately-owned TV stations are required to lease transmitters from the government-owned Republic TV and Radio Industry Corporation and are prohibited from broadcasting live; about 15 privately-owned radio broadcasters; programming content includes news updates, music, call-in talk shows, and other entertainment in a half-Russian, half-Uzbek format mandated for private radio (2007)
Vanuatu 1 state-owned television station; multi-channel pay TV is available; state-owned Radio Vanuatu operates 2 radio stations; 2 privately-owned radio broadcasters; programming from multiple international broadcasters is accessible (2008)
Venezuela government supervises a mixture of state-run and private broadcast media; 1 state-run television network, 4 privately-owned TV networks, and a government-backed pan-American channel; state-run radio network includes 15 stations; large number of private broadcast radio stations (2007)
Vietnam government controls all broadcast media exercising oversight through the Ministry of Information and Communication (MIC); government-controlled national television provider, Vietnam Television (VTV), operates a network of 9 channels with several regional broadcasting centers; programming is relayed nationwide via a network of provincial and municipal TV stations; law limits access to satellite TV but many households are able to access foreign programming via home satellite equipment; government-controlled Voice of Vietnam, the national radio broadcaster, broadcasts on 6 channels and is repeated on AM, FM, and shortwave stations throughout Vietnam (2008)
Virgin Islands about a dozen television broadcast stations including 1 public TV station; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; 24 radio stations broadcasting (2009)
Wake Island American Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio/television broadcasts (2009)
Wallis and Futuna the publicly-owned French Overseas Network (RFO), which broadcasts to France's overseas departments and territories, is carried on the RFO Wallis and Fortuna television and radio stations (2008)
West Bank the Palestinian Authority operates 1 television and 1 radio station; about 30 independent TV and 25 radio stations operating; Jordanian TV is available; satellite TV is accessible (2008)
Western Sahara Morocco's state-owned broadcaster, Radio-Television Marocaine (RTM), operates a radio service from Laayoune and relays TV service; a Polisario-backed radio station also broadcasts (2008)
Yemen state-run TV with 2 stations; state-run radio with 2 national radio stations and 5 local stations; stations from Oman and Saudi Arabia can be accessed (2007)
Zambia state-owned Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) operates 1 TV station and is the principal local-content provider; several private TV stations are available; multi-channel subscription TV services are obtainable; ZNBC operates 3 radio networks; about 2 dozen private radio stations also broadcasting; relays of at least 2 international broadcasters are accessible in Lusaka and Kitwe (2007)
Zimbabwe government owns all local radio and television stations; foreign shortwave broadcasts and satellite television are available to those who can afford antennas and receivers; in rural areas, access to television broadcasts is extremely limited (2007)
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Field Listing :: Stock of narrow money
This entry, also know as "M1," comprises the total quantity of currency in circulation (notes and coins) plus demand deposits denominated in the national currency held by nonbank financial institutions, state and local governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, and the private sector of the economy, measured at a specific point in time. National currency units have been converted to US dollars at the closing exchange rate for the date of the information. Because of exchange rate movements, changes in money stocks measured in national currency units may vary significantly from those shown in US dollars, and caution is urged when making comparisons over time in US dollars. Narrow money consists of more liquid assets than broad money and the assets generally function as a "medium of exchange" for an economy. Country Comparison to the World Country
Stock of narrow money
Afghanistan $3.943 billion (31 December 2009) $2.819 billion (31 December 2008)
Albania $2.708 billion (31 December 2010 est) $2.995 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Algeria $79.07 billion (31 December 2010 est) $68.13 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Angola $8.74 billion (31 December 2010 est) $9.792 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Anguilla $19.03 million (31 December 2009) $19.57 million (31 December 2008)
Antigua and Barbuda $233.5 million (31 December 2009) $266.7 million (31 December 2008)
Argentina $41.66 billion (31 December 2010 est) $35.33 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Armenia $1.131 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.071 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Aruba $865 million (31 December 2009) $781 million (31 December 2008)
Australia $347.1 billion (31 December 2010 est) $290.8 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Austria $173.4 billion (31 December 2010 est) $175.6 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply for the entire euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Azerbaijan $7.34 billion (31 December 2010 est) $6.519 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Bahamas, The $1.284 billion (31 December 2009) $1.275 billion (31 December 2008)
Bahrain $6.372 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.74 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Bangladesh $13.98 billion (31 December 2010 est) $10.92 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Barbados $1.793 billion (31 December 2009) $1.748 billion (31 December 2008)
Belarus $4.747 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.381 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Belgium $172.9 billion (31 December 2010 est) $178.7 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Belize $389.5 million (31 December 2010 est) $336.5 million (31 December 2009 est)
Benin $1.551 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.619 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Bhutan $335 million (31 December 2008) $381.1 million (31 December 2007)
Bolivia $4.374 billion (31 December 2010 est) $3.524 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Bosnia and Herzegovina $4.098 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.182 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Botswana $1.146 billion (31 December 2010 est) $939.1 million (31 December 2009 est)
Brazil $165.8 billion (31 December 2010 est) $125.3 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Brunei $3.374 billion (30 March 2009) $3.046 billion (31 December 2008)
Bulgaria $12.7 billion (31 December 2010 est) $12.91 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Burkina Faso $1.416 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.303 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Burma $4.907 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.038 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: this number reflects the vastly overvalued official exchange rate of 5.38 kyat per dollar in 2007; at the unofficial black market rate of 1,305 kyat per dollar for 2007, the stock of kyats would equal only US$2.465 billion and Burma's velocity of money (the number of times money turns over in the course of a year) would be six, in line with the velocity of money for other countries in the region; in 2009, the unofficial black market rate averaged 1,090 kyat per dollar.
Burundi $329.3 million (31 December 2010 est) $293.6 million (31 December 2009 est)
Cambodia $850.7 million (31 December 2010 est) $747.2 million (31 December 2009 est)
Cameroon $2.888 billion (31 December 2010 est) $3.074 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Canada $560.8 billion (31 December 2010 est) $470.9 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Cape Verde $585 million (31 December 2010 est) $628.4 million (31 December 2009 est)
Cayman Islands $334.3 million (31 December 2008)
Central African Republic $288.8 million (31 December 2009) $241.3 million (31 December 2008)
Chad $920.9 million (31 December 2010 est) $937.8 million (31 December 2009 est)
Chile $29.81 billion (31 December 2010 est) $23.68 billion (31 December 2009 est)
China $3.838 trillion (31 December 2010 est) $3.242 trillion (31 December 2009 est)
Colombia $31.83 billion (31 December 2010 est) $24.41 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Comoros $104.7 million (31 December 2009) $98.36 million (31 December 2008)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the $613.9 million (31 December 2008) $597 million (31 December 2007)
Congo, Republic of the $2.403 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.887 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Costa Rica $4.504 billion (31 December 2010 est) $3.992 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Cote d'Ivoire $5.094 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.959 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Croatia $8.72 billion (31 December 2010 est) $8.964 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Cuba $11.57 billion (31 December 2010 est) $11.74 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Cyprus $4.341 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.602 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: this figure represents the US dollar value of Cypriot pounds in circulation prior to Cyprus joining the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the EMU; individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Czech Republic $96.82 billion (31 December 2010 est) $92.95 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Denmark $148.1 billion (31 December 2010 est) $153.1 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Djibouti $577.8 million (31 December 2009) $462.7 million (31 December 2008)
Dominica $74.84 million (31 December 2009) $67.94 million (31 December 2008)
Dominican Republic $4.734 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.079 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Ecuador $6.198 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.201 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Egypt $37.8 billion (31 December 2010 est) $33.42 billion (31 December 2009 est)
El Salvador $2.534 billion (31 December 2010 est) $2.153 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Equatorial Guinea $1.86 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.295 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Eritrea $1.382 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.007 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Estonia $5.345 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.822 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Ethiopia $4.764 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.972 billion (31 December 2009 est)
European Union $5.542 trillion (31 December 2008) $5.649 trillion (31 December 2007) note: this is the quantity of money, M1, for the euro area, converted into US dollars at the exchange rate for the date indicated; it excludes the stock of money carried by non-euro-area members of the European Union
Fiji $748 million (31 December 2008) $1.042 billion (31 December 2007)
Finland $108 billion (31 December 2010 est) $110.4 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
France $858.6 billion (31 December 2010 est) $862.3 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Gabon $1.835 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.623 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Gambia, The $222.9 million (31 December 2010 est) $210.2 million (31 December 2009 est)
Georgia $1.175 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.122 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Germany $1.627 trillion (31 December 2010 est) $1.681 trillion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Ghana $6.26 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.203 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Greece $152.8 billion (31 December 2010 est) $172.8 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Grenada $123.1 million (31 December 2009) $131.7 million (31 December 2008)
Guatemala $6.6 billion (31 December 2010 est) $6.13 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Guinea $496.2 million (31 December 2010 est) $459.7 million (31 December 2009 est)
Guinea-Bissau $192.1 million (31 December 2009) $171.2 million (31 December 2008)
Guyana $386.9 million (31 December 2010 est) $252.9 million (31 December 2009 est)
Haiti $787.2 million (31 December 2010 est) $800 million (31 December 2009 est)
Honduras $1.296 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.564 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Hong Kong $84.88 billion (31 December 2010 est) $75.49 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Hungary $28.67 billion (31 December 2010 est) $30.25 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Iceland $4.413 billion (31 December 2010 est) $4.438 billion (31 December 2009 est)
India $328.4 billion (31 December 2010 est) $268.4 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Indonesia $65.47 billion (31 December 2010 est) $49.63 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Iran $50.37 billion (31 December 2010 est) $48.74 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Iraq $35.69 billion (31 December 2010 est) $30.02 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Ireland $127.7 billion (31 December 2010 est) $141 billion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Israel $27.58 billion (31 December 2010 est) $25.16 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Italy $1.234 trillion (31 December 2010 est) $1.267 trillion (31 December 2009 est) note: see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 16 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders
Jamaica $1.432 billion (31 December 2010 est) $1.371 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Japan $5.541 trillion (31 December 2010 est) $5.162 trillion (31 December 2009 est)
Jordan $9.386 billion (31 December 2010 est) $8.437 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Kazakhstan $20.91 billion (31 December 2010 est) $16.66 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Kenya $6.333 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.717 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Korea, South $101.9 billion (31 December 2010 est) $82.54 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Kuwait $18.12 billion (31 December 2010 est) $16.38 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Kyrgyzstan $714.9 million (31 December 2010 est) $826.4 million (31 December 2009 est)
Laos $630 million (31 December 2010 est) $691.1 million (31 December 2009)
Latvia $5.769 billion (31 December 2010 est) $5.893 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Lebanon $3.692 billion (31 December 2010 est) $3.21 billion (31 December 2009 est)
Lesotho $653.3 million (31 December 2010 est) $509.5 million (31 December 2009 est)
Liberia $206.9 million (31 December 2008) $145.6 million (31 December 2007)