The 2010 CIA World Factbook

Part 379

Chapter 3793,427 wordsPublic domain

Cote d'Ivoire republic; multiparty presidential regime established 1960 note: the government is currently operating under a power-sharing agreement mandated by international mediators

Croatia presidential/parliamentary democracy

Cuba Communist state

Curacao parliamentary

Cyprus republic note: a separation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting the island began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; this separation was further solidified after the Turkish intervention in July 1974 that followed a Greek military-junta-supported coup attempt that gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in the north; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognized government; on 15 November 1983 Turkish Cypriot "President" Rauf DENKTASH declared independence and the formation of a "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ("TRNC"), which is recognized only by Turkey

Czech Republic parliamentary democracy

Denmark constitutional monarchy

Djibouti republic

Dominica parliamentary democracy

Dominican Republic democratic republic

Ecuador republic

Egypt republic

El Salvador republic

Equatorial Guinea republic

Eritrea transitional government note: following a successful referendum on independence for the Autonomous Region of Eritrea on 23-25 April 1993, a National Assembly, composed entirely of the People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ, was established as a transitional legislature; a Constitutional Commission was also established to draft a constitution; ISAIAS Afworki was elected president by the transitional legislature; the constitution, ratified in May 1997, did not enter into effect, pending parliamentary and presidential elections; parliamentary elections were scheduled in December 2001 but were postponed indefinitely; currently the sole legal party is the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ)

Estonia parliamentary republic

Ethiopia federal republic

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA

Faroe Islands NA

Fiji republic

Finland republic

France republic

French Polynesia NA

Gabon republic; multiparty presidential regime

Gambia, The republic

Georgia republic

Germany federal republic

Ghana constitutional democracy

Gibraltar NA

Greece parliamentary republic

Greenland parliamentary democracy within a constitutional monarchy

Grenada parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Guam NA

Guatemala constitutional democratic republic

Guernsey parliamentary democracy

Guinea republic

Guinea-Bissau republic

Guyana republic

Haiti republic

Holy See (Vatican City) ecclesiastical

Honduras democratic constitutional republic

Hong Kong limited democracy

Hungary parliamentary democracy

Iceland constitutional republic

India federal republic

Indonesia republic

Iran theocratic republic

Iraq parliamentary democracy

Ireland republic, parliamentary democracy

Isle of Man parliamentary democracy

Israel parliamentary democracy

Italy republic

Jamaica constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Japan a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy

Jersey parliamentary democracy

Jordan constitutional monarchy

Kazakhstan republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch

Kenya republic

Kiribati republic

Korea, North Communist state one-man dictatorship

Korea, South republic

Kosovo republic

Kuwait constitutional emirate

Kyrgyzstan republic

Laos Communist state

Latvia parliamentary democracy

Lebanon republic

Lesotho parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Liberia republic

Libya Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in practice, an authoritarian state

Liechtenstein constitutional monarchy

Lithuania parliamentary democracy

Luxembourg constitutional monarchy

Macau limited democracy

Macedonia parliamentary democracy

Madagascar republic

Malawi multiparty democracy

Malaysia constitutional monarchy note: nominally headed by paramount ruler (commonly referred to as the King) and a bicameral Parliament consisting of a nonelected upper house and an elected lower house; all Peninsular Malaysian states have hereditary rulers (commonly referred to as sultans) except Melaka and Pulau Pinang (Penang); those two states along with Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia have governors appointed by government; powers of state governments are limited by federal constitution; under terms of federation, Sabah and Sarawak retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., right to maintain their own immigration controls)

Maldives republic

Mali republic

Malta republic

Marshall Islands constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 21 October 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004

Mauritania military junta

Mauritius parliamentary democracy

Mayotte NA

Mexico federal republic

Micronesia, Federated States of constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004

Moldova republic

Monaco constitutional monarchy

Mongolia parliamentary

Montenegro republic

Montserrat NA

Morocco constitutional monarchy

Mozambique republic

Namibia republic

Nauru republic

Nepal federal democratic republic

Netherlands constitutional monarchy

New Caledonia NA

New Zealand parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Nicaragua republic

Niger republic

Nigeria federal republic

Niue self-governing parliamentary democracy

Norfolk Island NA

Northern Mariana Islands commonwealth; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, and legislature

Norway constitutional monarchy

Oman monarchy

Pakistan federal republic

Palau constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 1 October 1994

Panama constitutional democracy

Papua New Guinea constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Paraguay constitutional republic

Peru constitutional republic

Philippines republic

Pitcairn Islands NA

Poland republic

Portugal republic; parliamentary democracy

Puerto Rico commonwealth

Qatar emirate

Romania republic

Russia federation

Rwanda republic; presidential, multiparty system

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Saint Lucia parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Saint Pierre and Miquelon NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Samoa parliamentary democracy

San Marino republic

Sao Tome and Principe republic

Saudi Arabia monarchy

Senegal republic

Serbia republic

Seychelles republic

Sierra Leone constitutional democracy

Singapore parliamentary republic

Sint Maarten parliamentary

Slovakia parliamentary democracy

Slovenia parliamentary republic

Solomon Islands parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Somalia no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government

South Africa republic

Spain parliamentary monarchy

Sri Lanka republic

Sudan Government of National Unity (GNU) - the National Congress Party (NCP) and Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) formed a power-sharing government under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA); the NCP, which came to power by military coup in 1989, is the majority partner; the agreement stipulated national elections in 2009, but these were subsequently rescheduled for April 2010

Suriname constitutional democracy

Svalbard NA

Swaziland monarchy

Sweden constitutional monarchy

Switzerland formally a confederation but similar in structure to a federal republic

Syria republic under an authoritarian regime

Taiwan multiparty democracy

Tajikistan republic

Tanzania republic

Thailand constitutional monarchy

Timor-Leste republic

Togo republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule

Tokelau NA

Tonga constitutional monarchy

Trinidad and Tobago parliamentary democracy

Tunisia republic

Turkey republican parliamentary democracy

Turkmenistan defines itself as a secular democracy and a presidential republic; in actuality displays authoritarian presidential rule, with power concentrated within the presidential administration

Turks and Caicos Islands NA

Tuvalu parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm

Uganda republic

Ukraine republic

United Arab Emirates federation with specified powers delegated to the UAE federal government and other powers reserved to member emirates

United Kingdom constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm

United States Constitution-based federal republic; strong democratic tradition

Uruguay constitutional republic

Uzbekistan republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch

Vanuatu parliamentary republic

Venezuela federal republic

Vietnam Communist state

Virgin Islands NA

Wallis and Futuna NA

Western Sahara legal status of territory and issue of sovereignty unresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front (Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio de Oro), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed a government-in-exile, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), near Tindouf, Algeria, led by President Mohamed ABDELAZIZ; territory partitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976 when Spain withdrew, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauritania, under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims to its portion in August 1979; Morocco moved to occupy that sector shortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control; the Polisario's government-in-exile was seated as an Organization of African Unity (OAU) member in 1984; Morocco between 1980 and 1987 built a fortified sand berm delineating the roughly 80 percent of Western Sahara west of the barrier that currently is controlled by Morocco; guerrilla activities continued sporadically until a UN-monitored cease-fire was implemented on 6 September 1991 (Security Council Resolution 690) by the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)

Yemen republic

Zambia republic

Zimbabwe parliamentary democracy

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Field Listing :: Unemployment rate

This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is without jobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted. Country Comparison to the World Country

Unemployment rate(%)

Afghanistan 35% (2008 est.) 40% (2005 est.)

Albania 12.7% (2010 est.) 12.8% (2009 est.) note: these are official rates, but actual rates may exceed 30% due to preponderance of near-subsistence farming

Algeria 9.9% (2010 est.) 10.2% (2009 est.)

American Samoa 29.8% (2005)

Andorra 7% (2008) 0% (2007)

Angola NA

Anguilla 8% (2002)

Antigua and Barbuda 11% (2001 est.)

Argentina 7.9% (2010 est.) 8.7% (2009 est.) note: based on official data, which may understate unemployment

Armenia 7.1% (2007 est.)

Aruba 6.9% (2005 est.)

Australia 5.1% (2010 est.) 5.6% (2009 est.)

Austria 4.6% (2010 est.) 4.8% (2009 est.)

Azerbaijan 0.9% (2010 est.) 6% (2009 est.)

Bahamas, The 7.6% (2006 est.)

Bahrain 15% (2005 est.)

Bangladesh 5.1% (2010 est.) 5.1% (2009 est.) note: about 40% of the population is underemployed; many participants in the labor force work only a few hours a week, at low wages

Barbados 10.7% (2003 est.)

Belarus 1% (2009 est.) 1.6% (2005) note: official registered unemployed; large number of underemployed workers

Belgium 8.1% (2010 est.) 7.9% (2009 est.)

Belize 13.1% (2009) 8.2% (2008)

Benin NA%

Bermuda 2.1% (2004 est.)

Bhutan 4% (2009) 2.5% (2004)

Bolivia 8.3% (2010 est.) 7.7% (2009 est.) note: data are for urban areas; widespread underemployment

Bosnia and Herzegovina 27.2% (2010 est.) 24.1% (2009 est.) note: official rate

Botswana 7.5% (2007 est.)

Brazil 7% (2010 est.) 8.1% (2009 est.)

British Virgin Islands 3.6% (1997)

Brunei 3.7% (2008) 4% (2006)

Bulgaria 9.5% (2010 est.) 6.3% (2008 est.)

Burkina Faso 77% (2004)

Burma 5.7% (2010 est.) 4.9% (2009 est.)

Burundi NA%

Cambodia 3.5% (2007 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)

Cameroon 30% (2001 est.)

Canada 8% (2010 est.) 8.3% (2009 est.)

Cape Verde 21% (2000 est.)

Cayman Islands 4% (2008) 4.4% (2004)

Central African Republic 8% (2001 est.) note: 23% unemployment for Bangui

Chad NA% est.)

Chile 8.7% (2010 est.) 9.6% (2009 est.)

China 4.3% (September 2009 est.) 4.2% (December 2008 est.) note: official data for urban areas only; including migrants may boost total unemployment to 9%; substantial unemployment and underemployment in rural areas

Cocos (Keeling) Islands 60% (2000 est.)

Colombia 11.2% (2010 est.) 12% (2009 est.)

Comoros 20% (1996 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the NA%

Congo, Republic of the NA%

Cook Islands 13.1% (2005)

Costa Rica 6.6% (2010 est.) 7.8% (2009 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire NA note: unemployment may have climbed to 40-50% as a result of the civil war

Croatia 17.6% (2010 est.) 16.1% (2009 est.)

Cuba 2% (2010 est.) 1.7% (2009 est.)

Curacao 10.3% (2008 est.)

Cyprus 6% (2010 est.) 5.3% (2009 est.)

Czech Republic 9.3% (2010 est.) 8.1% (2009 est.)

Denmark 4.2% (2010 est.) 4.3% (2009 est.)

Djibouti 59% (2007 est.) note: data are for urban areas, 83% in rural areas

Dominica 23% (2000 est.)

Dominican Republic 14.2% (2010 est.) 14.9% (2009 est.)

Ecuador 7.6% (2010 est.) 8.5% (2009 est.)

Egypt 9.7% (2010 est.) 9.4% (2009 est.)

El Salvador 7% (2010 est.) 7.2% (2009 est.) note: data are official rates; but the economy has much underemployment

Equatorial Guinea 30% (1998 est.)

Eritrea NA%

Estonia 13.5% (2010 est.) 13.8% (2009 est.)

Ethiopia NA%

European Union 9.5% (2010 est.) 9% (2009 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA%

Faroe Islands 3.9% (2009) 1.2% (2008)

Fiji 7.6% (1999)

Finland 7.9% (2010 est.) 8.2% (2009 est.)

France 9.5% (2010 est.) 9.1% (2009 est.)

French Polynesia 11.7% (2005)

Gabon 21% (2006 est.); NA%

Gambia, The NA%

Gaza Strip 40% (2010 est.) 40% (2009 est.)

Georgia 16.4% (2009 est.) 13.6% (2006 est.)

Germany 7.1% (2010 est.) 7.5% (2009 est.) note: this is the International Labor Organization's estimated rate for international comparisons; Germany's Federal Employment Office estimated a seasonally adjusted rate of 10.8%

Ghana 11% (2000 est.)

Gibraltar 3% (2005 est.)

Greece 12% (2010 est.) 9.4% (2009 est.)

Greenland 6.8% (2007 est.) 7.3% (2006 est.)

Grenada 12.5% (2000)

Guam 11.4% (2002 est.)

Guatemala 3.2% (2005 est.)

Guernsey 0.9% (March 2006 est.)

Guinea NA% est.)

Guinea-Bissau NA%

Guyana 11% (2007)

Haiti NA% est.) note: widespread unemployment and underemployment; more than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs

Honduras 5.1% (2010 est.) 3.2% (2009 est.) note: about 36% are unemployed or underemployed

Hong Kong 4.6% (2010 est.) 5.2% (2009 est.)

Hungary 11.5% (2010 est.) 10% (2009 est.)

Iceland 8.6% (2010 est.) 8% (2009 est.)

India 10.8% (2010 est.) 10.7% (2009 est.)

Indonesia 7.1% (2010 est.) 8.1% (2009 est.)

Iran 14.6% (2010 est.) 10.3% (2008 est.) note: data are according to the Iranian Government

Iraq 15.3% (2009 est.) 15.2% (2008 est.)

Ireland 13.7% (2010 est.) 11.8% (2009 est.)

Isle of Man 1.8% (October 2010 est.) 1.5% (December 2006 est.)

Israel 6.4% (2010 est.) 7.6% (2009 est.)

Italy 8.4% (2010 est.) 7.8% (2009 est.)

Jamaica 12.9% (2010 est.) 11.4% (2009 est.)

Japan 5.2% (2010 est.) 5.1% (2009 est.)

Jersey 2.2% (2006 est.)

Jordan 13.4% (2010 est.) 12.9% (2009 est.) note: official rate; unofficial rate is approximately 30%

Kazakhstan 5.5% (2010 est.) 6.3% (2009 est.)

Kenya 40% (2008 est.) 40% (2001 est.)

Kiribati 2% (1992 est.)

Korea, North NA%

Korea, South 3.7% (2010 est.) 3.7% (2009 est.)

Kosovo 16.6% (2009 est.); 14%

Kuwait 2.2% (2004 est.)

Kyrgyzstan 18% (2004 est.)

Laos 2.5% (2009 est.) 2.4% (2005 est.)

Latvia 19.1% (2010 est.) 17.1% (2009 est.)

Lebanon NA%

Lesotho 45% (2002)

Liberia 85% (2003 est.)

Libya 30% (2004 est.)

Liechtenstein 1.5% (31 December 2007) 1.3% (September 2002)

Lithuania 16% (2010 est.) 13.7% (2009 est.)

Luxembourg 5.5% (2010 est.) 5.7% (2009 est.)

Macau 3.6% (2009) 3% (2008)

Macedonia 33.1% (2010 est.) 32.2% (2009 est.)

Malawi NA%

Malaysia 3.5% (2010 est.) 3.7% (2009 est.)

Maldives 14.4% (2006 est.)

Mali 30% (2004 est.)

Malta 7% (2009 est.) 6% (2008 est.)

Marshall Islands 36% (2006 est.) 30.9% (2000 est.)

Mauritania 30% (2008 est.) 20% (2004 est.)

Mauritius 7.5% (2010 est.) 7.3% (2009 est.)

Mayotte 25.4% (2005)

Mexico 5.6% (2010 est.) 5.5% (2009 est.) note: underemployment may be as high as 25%

Micronesia, Federated States of 22% (2000 est.)

Moldova 3.4% (2010 est.) 3.1% (2009 est.)

Monaco 0% (2005)

Mongolia 2.8% (2008) 3% (2007)

Montenegro 14.7% (2007 est.)

Montserrat 6% (1998 est.)

Morocco 9.8% (2010 est.) 9.1% (2009 est.)

Mozambique 21% (1997 est.)

Namibia 51.2% (2008 est.) 36.7% (2004 est.)

Nauru 90% (2004 est.)

Nepal 46% (2008 est.) 42% (2004 est.)

Netherlands 5.5% (2010 est.) 4.8% (2009 est.)

New Caledonia 17.1% (2004)

New Zealand 6.5% (2010 est.) 6.2% (2009 est.)

Nicaragua 8% (2010 est.) 8.2% (2009 est.) note: underemployment was 46.5% in 2008

Niger NA%

Nigeria 4.9% (2007 est.)

Niue 12% (2001)

Northern Mariana Islands 8% (2005 est.) 3.9% (2001)

Norway 3.7% (2010 est.) 3.2% (2009 est.)

Oman 15% (2004 est.)

Pakistan 15% (2010 est.) 14% (2009 est.) note: substantial underemployment exists

Palau 4.2% (2005 est.)

Panama 4.4% (2010 est.) 6.7% (2009 est.)

Papua New Guinea 1.8% (2004)

Paraguay 6.9% (2010 est.) 7.9% (2009 est.)

Peru 6.7% (2010 est.) 8.1% (2009 est.) note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment

Philippines 7.5% (2010 est.) 7.5% (2009 est.)

Poland 11.8% (2010 est.) 11% (2009 est.)

Portugal 10.7% (2010 est.) 9.5% (2009 est.)

Puerto Rico 12% (2002)

Qatar 0.5% (2010 est.) 0.5% (2009 est.)

Romania 8.2% (2010 est.) 7.8% (2009 est.)

Russia 7.6% (2010 est.) 8.4% (2009)

Rwanda NA%

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha 14% (1998 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.5% (1997)

Saint Lucia 20% (2003 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon 10.3% (1999)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 15% (2001 est.)

Samoa NA%

San Marino 3.1% (2008)

Sao Tome and Principe NA%

Saudi Arabia 10.8% (2010 est.) 10.5% (2009 est.) note: data are for Saudi males only (local bank estimates; some estimates range as high as 25%)

Senegal 48% (2007 est.)

Serbia 17.2% (2010 est.); 16.6% (2009 est.)

Seychelles 2% (2006 est.)

Sierra Leone NA%

Singapore 2.3% (2010 est.) 3% (2009 est.)

Sint Maarten 10.6% (2008 est.)

Slovakia 12.5% (2010 est.) 11.4% (2009 est.)

Slovenia 10.6% (2010 est.) 9.2% (2009 est.)

Solomon Islands NA%

Somalia NA%

South Africa 23.3% (2010 est.) 24% (2009 est.)

Spain 20% (2010 est.) 18.1% (2009 est.)

Sri Lanka 5.4% (2010 est.) 5.9% (2009 est.)

Sudan 18.7% (2002 est.)

Suriname 9.5% (2004)

Swaziland 40% (2006 est.)

Sweden 8.3% (2010 est.) 8.3% (2009 est.)

Switzerland 3.9% (2010 est.) 3.7% (2009 est.)

Syria 8.3% (2010 est.) 8.5% (2009 est.)

Taiwan 5.2% (2010 est.) 5.9% (2009 est.)

Tajikistan 2.2% (2009 est.) 2.3% (2008 est.) note: official rates; actual unemployment is higher

Tanzania NA%

Thailand 1.2% (2010 est.) 1.5% (2009)

Timor-Leste 20% (2006 est.) note: data are for rural areas, unemployment rises to more than 40% among urban youth

Togo NA%

Tokelau NA%

Tonga 13% (FY03/04 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago 6.4% (2010 est.) 5.8% (2009 est.)

Tunisia 14% (2010 est.) 13.3% (2009 est.)

Turkey 12.4% (2010 est.) 14.1% (2009 est.) note: underemployment amounted to 4% in 2008

Turkmenistan 60% (2004 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands 10% (1997 est.)

Tuvalu NA%

Uganda NA%

Ukraine 8.4% (2010 est.) 8.8% (2009 est.) note: officially registered; large number of unregistered or underemployed workers

United Arab Emirates 2.4% (2001)

United Kingdom 7.9% (2010 est.) 7.6% (2009 est.)

United States 9.6% (2010 est.) 9.3% (2009 est.)

Uruguay 7.4% (2010 est.) 7.6% (2009 est.)

Uzbekistan 1.1% (2010 est.) 1.1% (2009 est.) note: officially measured by the Ministry of Labor, plus another 20% underemployed

Vanuatu 1.7% (1999)

Venezuela 12.1% (2010 est.) 7.9% (2009 est.)

Vietnam 6.4% (2010 est.) 6.5% (2009 est.)

Virgin Islands 6.2% (2004)

Wallis and Futuna 15.2% (2003)

West Bank 16.5% (2010 est.) 19% (2009 est.)

Western Sahara NA%

World 8.8% (2010 est.) 8.2% (2009 est.) note: 30% (2007 est.) combined unemployment and underemployment in many non-industrialized countries; developed countries typically 4%-12% unemployment

Yemen 35% (2003 est.)

Zambia 50% (2000 est.)

Zimbabwe 95% (2009 est.) 80% (2005 est.)

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@2137

Field Listing :: Military - note

This entry includes miscellaneous military information of significance not included elsewhere. Country

Military - note

Akrotiri Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit

American Samoa defense is the responsibility of the US

Andorra defense is the responsibility of France and Spain

Anguilla defense is the responsibility of the UK

Antarctica the Antarctic Treaty prohibits any measures of a military nature, such as the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, or the testing of any type of weapon; it permits the use of military personnel or equipment for scientific research or for any other peaceful purposes

Argentina the Argentine military is a well-organized force constrained by the country's prolonged economic hardship; the country has recently experienced a strong recovery, and the military is implementing a modernization plan aimed at making the ground forces lighter and more responsive (2008)

Aruba defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands

Ashmore and Cartier Islands defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force

Barbados the Royal Barbados Defense Force includes a land-based Troop Command and a small Coast Guard; the primary role of the land element is to defend the island against external aggression; the Command consists of a single, part-time battalion with a small regular cadre that is deployed throughout the island; it increasingly supports the police in patrolling the coastline to prevent smuggling and other illicit activities (2007)