Chapter 404

1 European Union 20,940,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 2 United States 14,150,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 3 Japan 9,653,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 4 United Kingdom 5,278,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 5 Germany 5,081,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 6 China 4,653,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 7 France 4,105,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 8 Spain 3,177,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 9 Italy 3,084,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 10 Canada 2,382,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 11 Netherlands 1,876,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 12 Brazil 1,377,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 13 Australia 1,312,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 14 Korea, South 1,061,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 15 Burma 887,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 16 Switzerland 855,400,000,000.00 31 December 2007 17 India 769,300,000,000.00 31 December 2007 18 Ireland 768,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 19 Belgium 767,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 20 Denmark 684,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 21 Sweden 630,800,000,000.00 31 December 2007 22 Austria 599,500,000,000.00 31 December 2007 23 Portugal 451,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 24 Greece 392,400,000,000.00 31 December 2007 25 Turkey 358,100,000,000.00 31 December 2007 26 Luxembourg 357,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 27 Mexico 349,100,000,000.00 31 December 2007 28 Russia 339,100,000,000.00 31 December 2007 29 Hong Kong 259,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 30 South Africa 254,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 31 Thailand 241,800,000,000.00 31 December 2007 32 Finland 240,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 33 Poland 223,200,000,000.00 31 December 2007 34 Malaysia 220,000,000,000.00 31 December 2007 35 New Zealand 200,100,000,000.00 31 December 2007 36 Indonesia 170,200,000,000.00 31 December 2007 37 United Arab Emirates 155,400,000,000.00 31 December 2007 38 Singapore 129,200,000,000.00 31 December 2007 39 Chile 127,100,000,000.00 31 December 2007 40 Egypt 113,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 41 Israel 113,400,000,000.00 31 December 2006 42 Iran 109,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 43 Hungary 109,500,000,000.00 31 December 2007 44 Czech Republic 103,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 45 Ukraine 87,130,000,000.00 31 December 2007 46 Colombia 85,340,000,000.00 31 December 2007 47 Kuwait 78,250,000,000.00 31 December 2007 48 Argentina 72,550,000,000.00 31 December 2007 49 Morocco 71,900,000,000.00 31 December 2007 50 Vietnam 68,630,000,000.00 31 December 2007 51 Saudi Arabia 66,940,000,000.00 31 December 2007 52 Philippines 65,660,000,000.00 31 December 2007 53 Pakistan 65,050,000,000.00 31 December 2007 54 Romania 58,760,000,000.00 31 December 2007 55 Cyprus 52,090,000,000.00 31 December 2007 56 Syria 50,920,000,000.00 31 December 2006 57 Venezuela 50,240,000,000.00 31 December 2007 58 Iceland 49,670,000,000.00 31 December 2006 59 Croatia 45,700,000,000.00 31 December 2007 60 Lebanon 45,510,000,000.00 31 December 2007 61 Kazakhstan 43,750,000,000.00 31 December 2007 62 Slovakia 41,760,000,000.00 31 December 2007 63 Bangladesh 40,150,000,000.00 31 December 2007 64 Qatar 30,520,000,000.00 31 December 2007 65 Latvia 27,560,000,000.00 31 December 2007 66 Tunisia 25,230,000,000.00 31 December 2007 67 Bulgaria 25,180,000,000.00 31 December 2007 68 Lithuania 25,050,000,000.00 31 December 2007 69 Zimbabwe 24,910,000,000.00 31 December 2007 70 Estonia 21,350,000,000.00 31 December 2007 71 Jordan 19,530,000,000.00 31 December 2007 72 Peru 17,880,000,000.00 31 December 2007 73 Panama 17,400,000,000.00 31 December 2007 74 Nigeria 16,150,000,000.00 31 December 2007 75 Dominican Republic 15,920,000,000.00 31 December 2007 76 Sri Lanka 14,820,000,000.00 31 December 2007 77 Guatemala 13,960,000,000.00 31 December 2007 78 Oman 13,880,000,000.00 31 December 2007 79 Serbia 13,440,000,000.00 31 December 2007 80 Costa Rica 12,910,000,000.00 31 December 2007 81 Belarus 12,160,000,000.00 31 December 2007 82 Malta 10,990,000,000.00 31 December 2007 83 Kenya 10,430,000,000.00 31 December 2007 84 Bahrain 10,320,000,000.00 31 December 2007 85 El Salvador 9,729,000,000.00 31 December 2007 86 Ecuador 8,926,000,000.00 31 December 2007 87 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8,895,000,000.00 31 December 2007 88 Sudan 8,659,000,000.00 31 December 2007 89 Mauritius 8,582,000,000.00 31 December 2007 90 San Marino 7,513,000,000.00 31 December 2007 91 Bahamas, The 7,395,000,000.00 31 December 2007 92 Albania 7,341,000,000.00 31 December 2007 93 Ethiopia 6,694,000,000.00 31 December 2006 94 Jamaica 6,609,000,000.00 31 December 2007 95 Uruguay 6,396,000,000.00 31 December 2007 96 Honduras 6,298,000,000.00 31 December 2007 97 Azerbaijan 5,726,000,000.00 31 December 2007 98 Nepal 5,636,000,000.00 31 December 2007 99 Bolivia 4,759,000,000.00 31 December 2007 100 Namibia 4,446,000,000.00 31 December 2007 101 Cote d'Ivoire 4,404,000,000.00 31 December 2007 102 Ghana 4,173,000,000.00 31 December 2006 103 Nicaragua 4,133,000,000.00 31 December 2007 104 Trinidad and Tobago 3,721,000,000.00 31 December 2007 105 Barbados 3,533,000,000.00 31 December 2007 106 Georgia 3,374,000,000.00 31 December 2007 107 Montenegro 3,083,000,000.00 31 December 2007 108 Senegal 2,970,000,000.00 31 December 2007 109 Netherlands Antilles 2,927,000,000.00 31 December 2007 110 Macedonia 2,924,000,000.00 31 December 2007 111 Paraguay 2,457,000,000.00 31 December 2007 112 Brunei 2,380,000,000.00 31 December 2007 113 Tanzania 2,250,000,000.00 31 December 2007 114 Yemen 2,224,000,000.00 31 December 2007 115 Zambia 1,968,000,000.00 31 December 2007 116 Fiji 1,948,000,000.00 31 December 2007 117 Moldova 1,896,000,000.00 31 December 2007 118 Eritrea 1,711,000,000.00 31 December 2007 119 Haiti 1,537,000,000.00 31 December 2007 120 Papua New Guinea 1,486,000,000.00 31 December 2007 121 Gaza Strip 1,455,000,000.00 31 December 2007 122 West Bank 1,455,000,000.00 31 December 2007 123 Angola 1,385,000,000.00 31 December 2007 124 Aruba 1,348,000,000.00 31 December 2007 125 Cameroon 1,300,000,000.00 31 December 2007 126 Armenia 1,256,000,000.00 31 December 2007 127 Saint Lucia 1,217,000,000.00 31 December 2007 128 Mongolia 1,191,000,000.00 31 December 2007 129 Liberia 1,157,000,000.00 31 December 2007 130 Cambodia 1,131,000,000.00 31 December 2007 131 Mali 1,099,000,000.00 31 December 2007 132 Maldives 1,080,000,000.00 31 December 2007 133 Cape Verde 1,049,000,000.00 31 December 2007 134 Antigua and Barbuda 1,002,000,000.00 31 December 2007 135 Uganda 907,300,000.00 31 December 2007 136 Burkina Faso 905,100,000.00 31 December 2007 137 Belize 877,600,000.00 31 December 2007 138 Mozambique 877,200,000.00 31 December 2007 139 Saint Kitts and Nevis 782,400,000.00 31 December 2007 140 Madagascar 767,500,000.00 31 December 2007 141 Guyana 739,300,000.00 31 December 2007 142 Seychelles 660,200,000.00 31 December 2007 143 Suriname 651,000,000.00 31 December 2007 144 Togo 590,700,000.00 31 December 2007 145 Grenada 575,800,000.00 31 December 2007 146 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 559,500,000.00 31 December 2007 147 Kyrgyzstan 558,300,000.00 31 December 2007 148 Benin 520,600,000.00 31 December 2007 149 Anguilla 447,700,000.00 31 December 2007 150 Guinea 422,100,000.00 31 December 2005 151 Tajikistan 417,400,000.00 31 December 2006 152 Malawi 406,200,000.00 31 December 2007 153 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 387,800,000.00 31 December 2007 154 Gabon 359,800,000.00 31 December 2007 155 Burundi 342,000,000.00 31 December 2007 156 Central African Republic 320,200,000.00 31 December 2007 157 Niger 318,900,000.00 31 December 2007 158 Laos 285,800,000.00 31 December 2007 159 Vanuatu 229,500,000.00 31 December 2007 160 Djibouti 224,700,000.00 31 December 2007 161 Samoa 215,100,000.00 31 December 2007 162 Rwanda 209,200,000.00 31 December 2005 163 Swaziland 204,100,000.00 31 December 2007 164 Dominica 193,100,000.00 31 December 2007 165 Bhutan 169,900,000.00 31 December 2007 166 Gambia, The 169,900,000.00 31 December 2007 167 Tonga 163,100,000.00 31 December 2007 168 Sierra Leone 162,900,000.00 31 December 2007 169 Solomon Islands 126,900,000.00 31 December 2007 170 Chad 82,810,000.00 31 December 2007 171 Guinea-Bissau 46,440,000.00 31 December 2007 172 Comoros 45,090,000.00 31 December 2007 173 Sao Tome and Principe 31,840,000.00 31 December 2007 174 Afghanistan 20,060,000.00 31 December 2007 175 Montserrat 5,537,000.00 31 December 2007

This file was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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Appendix A - Abbreviations

ABEDA: Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa

ACCT: Agency for the French-Speaking Community (see International Organization of the French-speaking World)

ACP Group: African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States

AfDB: African Development Bank

AFESD: Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development

Air Pollution: Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes

Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants

Air Pollution-Sulphur 85: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long- Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30%

Air Pollution-Sulphur 94: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long- Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions

Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds: Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes

AMF: Arab Monetary Fund

Antarctic-Environmental Protocol: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

Antarctic Marine Living Resources: Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources

Antarctic Seals: Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals

ANZUS: Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty

APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

Arabsat: Arab Satellite Communications Organization

ARF: ASEAN Regional Forum

ADB: Asian Development Bank

ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations

AU: African Union

Autodin: Automatic Digital Network

BA: Baltic Assembly

bbl/day: barrels per day

BCIE: Central American Bank for Economic Integration

BDEAC: Central African States Development Bank

Benelux: Benelux Economic Union

BIMSTEC: Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation

Biodiversity: Convention on Biological Diversity

BGN: United States Board on Geographic Names

BIS: Bank for International Settlements

BSEC: Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone

C: Commonwealth

c.i.f.: cost, insurance, and freight

CACM: Central American Common Market

CAEU: Council of Arab Economic Unity

CAN: Andean Community of Nations

Caricom: Caribbean Community and Common Market

CB: citizen's band mobile radio communications

CBSS: Council of the Baltic Sea States

CCC: Customs Cooperation Council

CDB: Caribbean Development Bank

CE: Council of Europe

CEI: Central European Initiative

CEMAC: Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa

CEPGL: Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries

CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research

CEPT: Conference Europeanne des Poste et Telecommunications

CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States

CITES: see Endangered Species

Climate Change: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol: Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

COCOM: Coordinating Committee on Export Controls

Comsat: Communications Satellite Corporation

COMESA: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

CP: Colombo Plan

CPLP: Comunidade dos Paises de Lingua Portuguesa

CSTO: Collective Security Treaty Organization

CTBTO: Preparation commission for the Nuclear-Ban-Treaty Operation

CY: calendar year

DC: developed country

DDT: dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane

Desertification: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa

DIA: United States Defense Intelligence Agency

DSN: Defense Switched Network

DST: daylight savings time

DWT: deadweight ton

EAC: East African Community

EADB: East African Development Bank

EAEC: Eurasian Economic Community

EAPC: Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council

EBRD: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

EC: European Community

ECA: Economic Commission for Africa

ECE: Economic Commission for Europe

ECLAC: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

ECO: Economic Cooperation Organization

ECOSOC: Economic and Social Council

ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States

ECSC: European Coal and Steel Community

EEC: European Economic Community

EFTA: European Free Trade Association

EEZ: exclusive economic zone

EIB: European Investment Bank

EMU: European Monetary Union

Endangered Species: Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)

Entente: Council of the Entente

Environmental Modification: Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques

ESA: European Space Agency

ESCAP: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

ESCWA: Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia

est.: estimate

EU: European Union

Euratom: European Atomic Energy Community

Eutelsat: European Telecommunications Satellite Organization

Ex-Im: Export-Import Bank of the United States

f.o.b.: free on board

FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization

FAX: facsimile

FLS: Front Line States

FOC: flags of convenience

FSU: former Soviet Union

FY: fiscal year

FZ: Franc Zone

G-2: Group of 2

G-3: Group of 3

G-5: Group of 5

G-6: Group of 6

G-7: Group of 7

G-8: Group of 8

G-9: Group of 9

G-10: Group of 10

G-15: Group of 15

G-11: Group of 11

G-24: Group of 24

G-77: Group of 77

GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; now WTO

GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council

GCTU: General Confederation of Trade Unions

GDP: gross domestic product

GMT: Greenwich Mean Time

GNP: gross national product

GRT: gross register ton

GSM: global system for mobile cellular communications

GUAM: Organization for Democracy and Economic Development; acronym for member states - Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova

GWP: gross world product

Hazardous Wastes: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal

HF: high-frequency

HIV/AIDS: human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome

IADB: Inter-American Development Bank

IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency

IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank)

ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization

ICC: International Chamber of Commerce

ICCt: International Criminal Court

ICJ: International Court of Justice (World Court)

ICRC: International Committee of the Red Cross

ICRM: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

ICSID: International Center for Secretariat of Investment Disputes

ICTR: International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

ICTY: International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia

IDA: International Development Association

IDB: Islamic Development Bank

IDP: Internally Displaced Person

IEA: International Energy Agency

IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development

IFC: International Finance Corporation

IFRCS: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

IGAD: Inter-Governmental Authority on Development

IHO: International Hydrographic Organization

ILO: International Labor Organization

IMF: International Monetary Fund

IMO: International Maritime Organization

IMSO: International Mobile Satellite Organization

Inmarsat: International Maritime Satellite Organization

InOC: Indian Ocean Commission

INSTRAW: International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women

Intelsat: International Telecommunications Satellite Organization

Interpol: International Criminal Police Organization

Intersputnik: International Organization of Space Communications

IOC: International Olympic Committee

IOM: International Organization for Migration

IPU: Inter-parliamentary Union

ISO: International Organization for Standardization

ISP: Internet Service Provider

ITSO: International Telecommunications Satellites Organization

ITU: International Telecommunication Union

ITUC: International Trade Union Confederation, the successor to ICFTU (International Confederation of Free Trade Unions) and the WCL (World Confederation of Labor)

kHz: kilohertz

km: kilometer

kW: kilowatt

kWh: kilowatt-hour

LAES: Latin American Economic System

LAIA: Latin American Integration Association

LAS: League of Arab States

Law of the Sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS)

LDC: less developed country

LLDC: least developed country

London Convention: see Marine Dumping

LOS: see Law of the Sea

m: meter

Marecs: Maritime European Communications Satellite

Marine Dumping: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter

Marine Life Conservation: Convention on Fishing and Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas

MARPOL: see Ship Pollution

Medarabtel: Middle East Telecommunications Project of the International Telecommunications Union

Mercosur: Southern Cone Common Market

MHz: megahertz

MICAH: International Civilian Support Mission in Haiti

MINURSO: United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara

MIGA: Multilateral Investment Geographic Agency

MINUSTAH: United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti

MONUC: United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

NA: not available

NAFTA: North American Free Trade Agreement

NAM: Nonaligned Movement

NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NC: Nordic Council

NEA: Nuclear Energy Agency

NEGL: negligible

NGA: National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency

NIB: Nordic Investment Bank

NIC: newly industrializing country

NIE: newly industrializing economy

NIS: new independent states

nm: nautical mile