Chapter 268
Zimbabwe total: 33.86 deaths/1,000 live births male: 36.5 deaths/1,000 live births female: 31.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
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@2092 Inflation rate (consumer prices) (%)
Afghanistan 13% (2007 est.)
Albania 2.9% (2007 est.)
Algeria 3.5% (2007 est.)
American Samoa NA%
Andorra 3.2% (2005)
Angola 12.2% (2007 est.)
Anguilla 5.3% (2006 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda 1.5% (2007 est.)
Argentina 8.8% official rate; actual rate may be double the official rate (2007 est.)
Armenia 4.4% (2007 est.)
Aruba 3.4% (2005)
Australia 2.3% (2007 est.)
Austria 2.2% (2007 est.)
Azerbaijan 16.7% (2007 est.)
Bahamas, The 2.4% (2007 est.)
Bahrain 3.3% (2007 est.)
Bangladesh 9.1% (2007 est.)
Barbados 5.5% (2007 est.)
Belarus 8.4% (2007 est.)
Belgium 1.8% (2007 est.)
Belize 2.3% (2007 est.)
Benin 1.3% (2007 est.)
Bermuda 2.8% (November 2005)
Bhutan 4.9% (2007 est.)
Bolivia 8.7% (2007 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.6% (2007 est.)
Botswana 7.1% (2007 est.)
Brazil 3.6% (2007 est.)
British Virgin Islands 2% (2005)
Brunei 0.4% (2007 est.)
Bulgaria 9.8% (2007 est.)
Burkina Faso -0.2% (2007 est.)
Burma 35% (2007 est.)
Burundi 8.3% (2007 est.)
Cambodia 5.9% (2007 est.)
Cameroon 1.1% (2007 est.)
Canada 2.1% (2007 est.)
Cape Verde 4.4% (2007 est.)
Cayman Islands 4.4% (2004)
Central African Republic 0.9% (2007 est.)
Chad 4% (2007 est.)
Chile 4.4% (2007 est.)
China 4.8% (2007 est.)
Colombia 5.5% (2007 est.)
Comoros 3% (2007 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 16.7% (2007 est.)
Congo, Republic of the 2.7% (2007 est.)
Cook Islands 2.1% (2005 est.)
Costa Rica 9.4% (2007 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire 1.9% (2007 est.)
Croatia 4.5% (2007 est.)
Cuba 3.1% (2007 est.)
Cyprus 2.4% (2007 est.)
Czech Republic 2.9% (2007 est.)
Denmark 1.7% (2007 est.)
Djibouti 5% (2007 est.)
Dominica 2.7% (2007 est.)
Dominican Republic 6.1% (2007 est.)
Ecuador 2.3% (2007 est.)
Egypt 9.5% (2007 est.)
El Salvador 4.6% (2007 est.)
Equatorial Guinea 6% (2007 est.)
Eritrea 17% (2007 est.)
Estonia 6.6% (2007 est.)
Ethiopia 17.2% (2007 est.)
European Union 1.8% (2006 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) 3.6% (1998)
Faroe Islands 1.8% (2005)
Fiji 4.8% (2007)
Finland 2.5% (2007 est.)
France 1.5% (2007 est.)
French Polynesia 1.1% (2006 est.)
Gabon 5% (2007 est.)
Gambia, The 5.1% (2007 est.)
Gaza Strip 3.6% (includes West Bank) (2006)
Georgia 9.3% (2007 est.)
Germany 2.3% (2007 est.)
Ghana 10.7% (2007 est.)
Gibraltar 2.9% (2005)
Greece 2.9% (2007 est.)
Greenland 1% (2005 est.)
Grenada 3.7% (2007 est.)
Guam 2.5% (2005 est.)
Guatemala 6.8% (2007 est.)
Guernsey 3.4% (June 2006)
Guinea 23.4% (2007 est.)
Guinea-Bissau 3.8% (2007 est.)
Guyana 12.3% (2007 est.)
Haiti 8.5% (2007 est.)
Honduras 6.9% (2007 est.)
Hong Kong 2% (2007 est.)
Hungary 8% (2007 est.)
Iceland 5.1% (2007 est.)
India 6.4% (2007 est.)
Indonesia 6.3% (2007 est.)
Iran 17.1% (2007 est.)
Iraq 4.7% (2007 est.)
Ireland 4.9% (2007 est.)
Isle of Man 3.1% (December 2006 est.)
Israel 0.5% (2007 est.)
Italy 1.8% (2007 est.)
Jamaica 9.5% (2007 est.)
Japan 0.1% (2007 est.)
Jersey 3.7% (December 2006)
Jordan 5.4% (2007 est.)
Kazakhstan 10.8% (2007 est.)
Kenya 9.7% (2007 est.)
Kiribati 0.2% (2007 est.)
Korea, North NA%
Korea, South 2.5% (2007 est.)
Kosovo 2% (2007 est.)
Kuwait 5.5% (2007 est.)
Kyrgyzstan 10.2% (2007 est.)
Laos 4.5% (2007 est.)
Latvia 10.1% (2007 est.)
Lebanon 4.2% (2007 est.)
Lesotho 8% (2007 est.)
Liberia 11.2% (2007 est.)
Libya 6.3% (2007 est.)
Liechtenstein 1% (2001)
Lithuania 5.7% (2007 est.)
Luxembourg 2.3% (2007 est.)
Macau 7.2% (2006)
Macedonia 2.3% (2007 est.)
Madagascar 10.3% (2007 est.)
Malawi 7.9% (2007 est.)
Malaysia 2% note: approximately 30% of goods are price-controlled (2007 est.)
Maldives 5% (2007 est.)
Mali 2.5% (2007 est.)
Malta 1.3% (2007 est.)
Marshall Islands 3% (2005 est.)
Mauritania 7.3% (2007 est.)
Mauritius 8.8% (2007 est.)
Mayotte 1.7% (2005)
Mexico 4% (2007 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of 2.2% (2005)
Moldova 12.3% (2007 est.)
Monaco 1.9% (2000)
Mongolia 9% (2007)
Montenegro 3.4% (2007)
Montserrat 2.6% (2002 est.)
Morocco 2% (2007 est.)
Mozambique 8.2% (2007 est.)
Namibia 6.7% (2007 est.)
Nauru -3.6% (1993)
Nepal 6.4% (2007 est.)
Netherlands 1.6% (2007 est.)
Netherlands Antilles 2.1% (2003 est.)
New Caledonia 1.4% (2000 est.)
New Zealand 2.4% (2007 est.)
Nicaragua 11.1% (2007 est.)
Niger 0.1% (2007 est.)
Nigeria 5.4% (2007 est.)
Niue 4% (2005)
Northern Mariana Islands -0.8% (2000)
Norway 0.8% (2007 est.)
Oman 5.9% (2007 est.)
Pakistan 7.6% (2007 est.)
Palau 2.7% (2005 est.)
Panama 4.2% (2007 est.)
Papua New Guinea 0.9% (2007 est.)
Paraguay 8.1% (2007 est.)
Peru 1.8% (2007 est.)
Philippines 2.8% (2007 est.)
Poland 2.5% (2007 est.)
Portugal 2.4% (2007 est.)
Puerto Rico 6.5% (2003 est.)
Qatar 13.7% (2007 est.)
Romania 4.8% (2007 est.)
Russia 9% annual average note: 12% at year-end (2007 est.)
Rwanda 9.1% (2007 est.)
Saint Helena 3.2% (1997 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.5% (2007 est.)
Saint Lucia 1.9% (2007 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 8.1% (2005)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6.1% (2007 est.)
Samoa 6% (2007 est.)
San Marino -1.5% (2006)
Sao Tome and Principe 18% (2007 est.)
Saudi Arabia 4.1% (2007 est.)
Senegal 5.9% (2007 est.)
Serbia 6.8% (2007)
Seychelles 5.3% (2007 est.)
Sierra Leone 11.7% (2007 est.)
Singapore 2.1% (2007 est.)
Slovakia 2.8% (2007 est.)
Slovenia 3.6% (2007 est.)
Solomon Islands 6.3% (2007 est.)
Somalia NA%; note - businesses print their own money, so inflation rates cannot be easily determined
South Africa 6.5% (2007 est.)
Spain 2.8% (2007 est.)
Sri Lanka 15.8% (2007 est.)
Sudan 8% (2007 est.)
Suriname 6.4% (2007 est.)
Swaziland 8.1% (2007 est.)
Sweden 2.2% (2007 est.)
Switzerland 0.7% (2007 est.)
Syria 12.2% (2007 est.)
Taiwan 1.8% (2007 est.)
Tajikistan 13.1% (2007 est.)
Tanzania 7% (2007 est.)
Thailand 2.2% (2007 est.)
Timor-Leste 7.8% (2007 est.)
Togo 1% (2007 est.)
Tokelau NA%
Tonga 5.9% (2007 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago 7.9% (2007 est.)
Tunisia 3.1% (2007 est.)
Turkey 8.7% (2007 est.)
Turkmenistan 11.3% (2007 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands 4% (1995)
Tuvalu 3.8% (2006 est.)
Uganda 6.1% (2007 est.)
Ukraine 12.8% (2007 est.)
United Arab Emirates 14% (2007 est.)
United Kingdom 2.3% (2007 est.)
United States 2.9% (2007 est.)
Uruguay 8.1% (2007 est.)
Uzbekistan 12% officially, but 38% based on analysis of consumer prices (2007 est.)
Vanuatu 3.9% (2007 est.)
Venezuela 18.7% (2007 est.)
Vietnam 8.3% (2007 est.)
Virgin Islands 2.2% (2003)
Wallis and Futuna 2.8% (2005)
West Bank 3.6% (includes Gaza Strip) (2006)
Western Sahara NA%
World developed countries 1% to 4% typically; developing countries 5% to 20% typically; national inflation rates vary widely in individual cases, from declining prices in Japan to hyperinflation in one Third World country (Zimbabwe); inflation rates have declined for most countries for the last several years, held in check by increasing international competition from several low wage countries (2005 est.)
Yemen 10% (2007 est.)
Zambia 10.6% (2007 est.)
Zimbabwe 12,563% official data; private sector estimates are much higher (2007 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
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@2093 Waterways (km)
Afghanistan 1,200 km (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT) (2007)
Albania 43 km (2007)
Angola 1,300 km (2007)
Argentina 11,000 km (2006)
Australia 2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and Murray-Darling river systems) (2006)
Austria 358 km (2007)
Bangladesh 8,370 km note: includes up to 3,060 km main cargo routes; network reduced to 5,200 km in dry season (2006)
Belarus 2,500 km (use limited by location on perimeter of country and by shallowness) (2003)
Belgium 2,043 km (1,528 km in regular commercial use) (2006)
Belize 825 km (navigable only by small craft) (2007)
Benin 150 km (on River Niger along northern border) (2005)
Bolivia 10,000 km (commercially navigable) (2007)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Sava River (northern border) open to shipping but use limited (2006)
Brazil 50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population) (2007)
Brunei 209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2007)
Bulgaria 470 km (2007)
Burma 12,800 km (2007)
Burundi mainly on Lake Tanganyika (2005)
Cambodia 2,400 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2005)
Cameroon navigation mainly on Benue River; limited during rainy season (2005)
Canada 636 km note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States (2007)
Central African Republic 2,800 km (primarily on the Oubangui and Sangha rivers) (2006)
Chad Chari and Legone rivers are navigable only in wet season (2006)
China 124,000 km navigable (2006)
Colombia 18,000 km (2006)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 15,000 km (2005)
Congo, Republic of the 1,125 km (commercially navigable on Congo and Oubanqui rivers) (2006)
Costa Rica 730 km (seasonally navigable by small craft) (2007)
Cote d'Ivoire 980 km (navigable rivers, canals, and numerous coastal lagoons) (2006)
Croatia 785 km (2007)
Cuba 240 km (2007)
Czech Republic 664 km (principally on Elbe, Vltava, Oder, and other navigable rivers, lakes, and canals) (2006)
Denmark 400 km (2007)
Ecuador 1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2006)
Egypt 3,500 km note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km including approaches) navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m (2006)
El Salvador Rio Lempa partially navigable for small craft (2007)
Estonia 320 km (2006)
European Union 52,332 km (2006)
Fiji 203 km note: 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges (2006)
Finland 7,842 km note: includes Saimaa Canal system of 3,577 km; southern part leased from Russia (2006)
France metropolitan France: 8,500 km (1,686 km accessible to craft of 3,000 metric tons) French Guiana: 3,760 km (460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft) (2006)
Gabon 1,600 km (310 km on Ogooue River) (2007)
Gambia, The 390 km (on River Gambia; small ocean-going vessels can reach 190 km) (2006)
Germany 7,467 km note: Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North Sea and Black Sea (2006)
Ghana 1,293 km note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta (2007)
Greece 6 km note: Corinth Canal (6 km) crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; shortens sea voyage by 325 km (2007)
Guatemala 990 km note: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season (2007)
Guinea 1,300 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft) (2005)
Guinea-Bissau rivers are navigable for some distance; many inlets and creeks give shallow-water access to much of interior (2007)
Guyana Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2006)
Honduras 465 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)
Hungary 1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2007)
India 14,500 km note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for mechanized vessels (2006)
Indonesia 21,579 km (2007)
Iran 850 km (on Karun River; additional service on Lake Urmia) (2006)
Iraq 5,279 km note: Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,899 km), and Third River (565 km) are principal waterways (2006)
Ireland 956 km (pleasure craft only) (2007)
Italy 2,400 km note: used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared to road and rail (2006)
Japan 1,770 km (seagoing vessels use inland seas) (2007)
Kazakhstan 4,000 km (on the Ertis ((Irtysh)) River (80%) and Syr Darya ((Syrdariya)) River) (2006)
Kenya part of Lake Victoria system is within boundaries of Kenya (2006)
Kiribati 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007)
Korea, North 2,250 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)
Korea, South 1,608 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2007)
Kyrgyzstan 600 km (2007)
Laos 4,600 km note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,900 additional km are intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2007)
Latvia 300 km (2006)
Liechtenstein 28 km (2006)
Lithuania 441 km (2006)
Luxembourg 37 km (on Moselle River) (2007)
Madagascar 600 km (2006)
Malawi 700 km (on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire River) (2007)
Malaysia 7,200 km note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km; Sabah 1,500 km; Sarawak 2,500 km (2005)
Mali 1,800 km (2007)
Mexico 2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals) (2007)
Moldova 424 km (on Dniester and Prut rivers) (2007)
Mongolia 580 km note: only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol (135 km); Selenge River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May to September (2004)
Mozambique 460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake) (2007)
Netherlands 6,211 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2006)
Nicaragua 2,220 km (including lakes Managua and Nicaragua) (2007)
Niger 300 km (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya between September and March) (2005)
Nigeria 8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks) (2007)
Norway 1,577 km (2007)
Panama 800 km (includes 82 km Panama Canal) (2007)
Papua New Guinea 11,000 km (2006)
Paraguay 3,100 km (2007)
Peru 8,808 km note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lago Titicaca (2007)
Philippines 3,219 km (limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5 m) (2007)
Poland 3,997 km (navigable rivers and canals) (2006)
Portugal 210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2006)
Romania 1,731 km note: includes 1,075 km on Danube River, 524 km on secondary branches, and 132 km on canals (2006)
Russia 102,000 km (including 33,000 km with guaranteed depth) note: 72,000 km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea (2006)
Rwanda Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft (2006)
Senegal 1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2005)
Serbia 587 km (primarily on Danube and Sava rivers) (2005)
Sierra Leone 800 km (600 km year round) (2005)
Slovakia 172 km (on Danube River) (2005)
Spain 1,000 km (2003)
Sri Lanka 160 km (primarily on rivers in southwest) (2006)
Sudan 4,068 km (1,723 km open year round on White and Blue Nile rivers) (2006)
Suriname 1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m) (2005)
Sweden 2,052 km (2005)
Switzerland 65 km (Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and Schaffhausen-Bodensee) (2003)
Syria 900 km (not economically significant) (2005)
Tajikistan 200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2006)
Tanzania Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa principal avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; rivers not navigable (2005)
Thailand 4,000 km note: 3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m (2005)
Togo 50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2005)
Turkey 1,200 km (2005)
Turkmenistan 1,300 km (Amu Darya and Kara Kum canal important inland waterways) (2006)
Uganda on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and parts of Albert Nile (2005)
Ukraine 2,253 km (most on Dnieper River) (2006)
United Kingdom 3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2003)
United States 41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce) note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with Canada (2007)
Uruguay 1,600 km (2005)
Uzbekistan 1,100 km (2006)
Venezuela 7,100 km note: Orinoco River (400 km) and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by oceangoing vessels (2005)
Vietnam 17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft) (2005)
World 671,886 km (2004)
Zambia 2,250 km (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and Luapula rivers) (2005)
Zimbabwe on Lake Kariba (2005)
This page was last updated on 18 December 2008
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@2094 Judicial branch
Afghanistan the constitution establishes a nine-member Stera Mahkama or Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for 10-year terms by the president with approval of the Wolesi Jirga) and subordinate High Courts and Appeals Courts; there is also a minister of justice; a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission established by the Bonn Agreement is charged with investigating human rights abuses and war crimes
Albania Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term), and multiple appeals and district courts
Algeria Supreme Court
American Samoa High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Andorra Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Angola Supreme Court and separate provincial courts (judges are appointed by the president)
Anguilla High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court)
Antigua and Barbuda Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction); member Caribbean Court of Justice
Argentina Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the nine Supreme Court judges are appointed by the president with approval of the Senate) note: the Supreme Court currently has two unfilled vacancies, and the Argentine Congress is considering a bill to reduce the number of Supreme Court judges to five
Armenia Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)
Aruba Common Court of Justice of Aruba (judges are appointed by the monarch)
Australia High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are appointed by the governor general)
Austria Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof
Azerbaijan Supreme Court
Bahamas, The Privy Council in London; Courts of Appeal; Supreme (lower) Court; Magistrates' Courts
Bahrain High Civil Appeals Court
Bangladesh Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are appointed by the president)
Barbados Supreme Court of Judicature (judges are appointed by the Service Commissions for the Judicial and Legal Services); Caribbean Court of Justice is the highest court of appeal
Belarus Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)
Belgium Supreme Court of Justice or Hof van Cassatie (in Dutch) or Cour de Cassation (in French) (judges are appointed for life by the government; candidacies have to be submitted by the High Justice Council)
Belize Supreme Court of Judicature (the chief justice is appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister); Court of Appeal
Benin Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Court of Justice
Bermuda Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
Bhutan Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges appointed by the monarch); note - the draft constitution establishes a Supreme Court, which will serve as chief court of appeal
Bolivia Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges appointed for 10-year terms by National Congress); District Courts (one in each department); provincial and local courts (to try minor cases); Constitutional Tribunal (five primary or titulares and five alternate or suplente magistrates appointed by Congress; to rule on constitutional issues); National Electoral Court (six members elected by Congress, Supreme Court, the President, and the political party with the highest vote in the last election for 4-year terms)
Bosnia and Herzegovina BH Constitutional Court (consists of nine members: four members are selected by the Bosniak/Croat Federation's House of Representatives, two members by the Republika Srpska's National Assembly, and three non-Bosnian members by the president of the European Court of Human Rights); BH State Court (consists of nine judges and three divisions - Administrative, Appellate and Criminal - having jurisdiction over cases related to state-level law and appellate jurisdiction over cases initiated in the entities); a War Crimes Chamber opened in March 2005 note: the entities each have a Supreme Court; each entity also has a number of lower courts; there are 10 cantonal courts in the Federation, plus a number of municipal courts; the Republika Srpska has five municipal courts
Botswana High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)
Brazil Supreme Federal Tribunal or STF (11 ministers are appointed for life by the president and confirmed by the Senate); Higher Tribunal of Justice; Regional Federal Tribunals (judges are appointed for life); note - though appointed "for life," judges, like all federal employees, have a mandatory retirement age of 70
British Virgin Islands Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Brunei Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Sharia courts deal with Islamic laws (2006)
Bulgaria Supreme Administrative Court; Supreme Court of Cassation; Constitutional Court (12 justices appointed or elected for nine-year terms); Supreme Judicial Council (consists of the chairmen of the two Supreme Courts, the Chief Prosecutor, and 22 other members; responsible for appointing the justices, prosecutors, and investigating magistrates in the justice system; members of the Supreme Judicial Council elected for five-year terms, 11 elected by the National Assembly and 11 by bodies of the judiciary)
Burkina Faso Supreme Court; Appeals Court
Burma remnants of the British-era legal system are in place, but there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive