Chapter 131

A ABEDA Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa ACC Arab Cooperation Council ACCT Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique; see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation; changed name in 1996 to Agence de la francophonie or Agency for the French-Speaking Community ACP Group African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States AfDB African Development Bank AFESD Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development AG Andean Group; see Andean Community of Nations (CAN) Air Pollution Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Nitrogen Oxides Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Persistent Long-Range Transboundary Air Organic Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants Pollutants Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Sulphur 85 Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or Their Transboundary Fluxes by at Least 30% Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Sulphur 94 Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions Air Pollution- Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Volatile Organic Long-Range Transboundary Air Compounds Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or Their Transboundary Fluxes AL Arab League ALADI Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion; see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) AMF Arab Monetary Fund AMU Arab Maghreb Union Ancom Andean Common Market; see Andean Community ofNations (CAN) Antarctic- Protocol on Environmental Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty Protocol ANZUS Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Arabsat Arab Satellite Communications Organization AsDB Asian Development Bank ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations Autodin Automatic Digital Network B BAD Banque africaine de developpement; see African Development Bank (AfDB) BADEA Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique; see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA) BCIE Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico; see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE) BDEAC Banque de Developpment des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC) Benelux Benelux Economic Union BID Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo; see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity BIS Bank for International Settlements BOAD Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement; see West African Development Bank (WADB) BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone C C Commonwealth CACM Central American Common Market CAEU Council of Arab Economic Unity CAN Andean Community of Nations Caricom Caribbean Community and Common Market CB citizen's band mobile radio communications CBSS Council of the Baltic Sea States CCC Customs Cooperation Council CDB Caribbean Development Bank CE Council of Europe CEAO Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest; see West African Economic Community (CEAO) CEEAC Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale; see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC) CEI Central European Initiative CEMA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; also known as CMEA or Comecon CEPGL Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs; see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL) CERN Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire; see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) CG Contadora Group c.i.f. cost, insurance, and freight CIS Commonwealth of Independent States CITES see Endangered Species Climate Change United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Climate Change- Kyoto Protocol to the United Kyoto Protocol Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as Comecon COCOM Coordinating Committee on Export Controls Comecon Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA); also known as CMEA Comsat Communications Satellite Corporation CP Colombo Plan CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; see Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) CY calendar year D DC developed country Desertification United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa DSN Defense Switched Network DWT deadweight ton E EADB East African Development Bank EAPC Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC European Community; see European Union (EU) ECA Economic Commission for Africa ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East; see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) ECE Economic Commission for Europe ECLA Economic Commission for Latin America; see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) ECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECO Economic Cooperation Organization ECOSOC Economic and Social Council ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ECSC European Coal and Steel Community; see European Union (EU) ECWA Economic Commission for Western Asia; see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) EEC European Economic Community; see European Union (EU) EFTA European Free Trade Association EIB European Investment Bank EMU European Monetary Union Endangered Convention on the International Species Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) Entente Council of the Entente Environmental Convention on the Prohibition of Modification Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques ESA European Space Agency ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ESCWA Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia est. estimate EU European Union Euratom European Atomic Energy Community; see European Community (EC) Eutelsat European Telecommunications Satellite Organization Ex-Im Export-Import Bank of the United States F FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FAX facsimile f.o.b. free on board FLS Front Line States FRG Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 FSU former Soviet Union FY fiscal year (FY93/94, for example, began in calendar year 1993 and ended in calendar year 1994) FYROM The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia FZ Franc Zone G G-2 Group of 2 G-3 Group of 3 G-5 Group of 5 G-6 Group of 6 (not to be confused with the Big Six) G-7 Group of 7 G-8 Group of 8 G-9 Group of 9 G-10 Group of 10 G-11 Group of 11 G-15 Group of 15 G-19 Group of 19 G-24 Group of 24 G-30 Group of 30 G-33 Group of 33 G-77 Group of 77 GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995 GCC Gulf Cooperation Council GDP gross domestic product GDR German Democratic Republic (East Germany); used for information dated before 3 October 1990 or CY91 GNP gross national product GRT gross register ton GWP gross world product H Hazardous Wastes Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal HF high-frequency I IADB Inter-American Development Bank IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IBEC International Bank for Economic Cooperation IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICC International Chamber of Commerce ICEM Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; see World Confederation of Labor (WCL) ICJ International Court of Justice ICM Intergovernmental Committee for Migration; see International Organization for Migration (IOM) ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross ICRM International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement IDA International Development Association IDB Islamic Development Bank IEA International Energy Agency IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IFC International Finance Corporation IFCTU International Federation of Christian Trade Unions IFRCS International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IGAD Inter-Governmental Authority on Development IGADD Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development IHO International Hydrographic Organization IIB International Investment Bank ILO International Labor Organization IMCO Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization; see International Maritime Organization (IMO) IMF International Monetary Fund IMO International Maritime Organization Inmarsat International Mobile Satellite Organization InOC Indian Ocean Commission Intelsat International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Interpol International Criminal Police Organization Intersputnik International Organization of Space Communications IOC International Olympic Committee IOM International Organization for Migration ISO International Organization for Standardization ITU International Telecommunication Union K kHz kilohertz km kilometer kW kilowatt kWh kilowatt hour L LAES Latin American Economic System LAIA Latin American Integration Association LAS League of Arab States; see Arab League (AL) Law of the Sea United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOS) LDC less developed country LLDC least developed country London see Marine Dumping Convention LORCS League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) LOS see Law of the Sea M m meter Marecs Maritime European Communications Satellite Marine Dumping Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matter Marine Life Convention on Fishing and Conservation Conservation of Living Resources of the High Seas MARPOL see Ship Pollution Medarabtel Middle East Telecommunications Project of the International Telecommunications Union Mercosur Mercado Comun del Cono Sur; see Southern Cone Common Market MHz megahertz MINURSO United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara MINUGUA United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala MIPONUH United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti MONUA United Nations Observer Mission in Angola MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime N NA not available NACC North Atlantic Cooperation Council; see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) NAM Nonaligned Movement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NC Nordic Council NEA Nuclear Energy Agency NEGL negligible NIB Nordic Investment Bank NIC newly industrializing country; see newly industrializing economy (NIE) NIE newly industrializing economy nm nautical mile NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapons Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water NZ New Zealand O OAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries OAS Organization of American States OAU Organization of African Unity ODA official development assistance OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECS Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OIC Organization of the Islamic Conference ONUMOZ see United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ) ONUSAL United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador OOF other official flows OPANAL Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe; see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean OPCW Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OSCE Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe Ozone Layer Protection Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer P PCA Permanent Court of Arbitration PDRY People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91 PFP Partnership for Peace R Ramsar see Wetlands RG Rio Group S SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SACU Southern African Customs Union SADC Southern African Development Community SADCC Southern African Development Coordination Conference; see Southern African Development Community (SADC) SELA Sistema Economico Latinoamericana; see Latin American Economic System (LAES) SFRY Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; dissolved 5 December 1991 SHF super-high-frequency Ship Pollution Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships, 1973 (MARPOL) Sparteca South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement SPC South Pacific Commission SPF South Pacific Forum sq km square kilometer sq mi square mile T TAT Trans-Atlantic Telephone Tropical Timber International Tropical Timber 83 Agreement, 1983 Tropical Timber International Tropical Timber 94 Agreement, 1994 U UAE United Arab Emirates UDEAC Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale; see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC) UEMOA Union economique et monetaire Ouest africaine; see West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) UHF ultra-high-frequency UK United Kingdom UN United Nations UNAMIR United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda UNAVEM III United Nations Angola Verification Mission III UNCRO United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDOF United Nations Disengagement Observer Force UNDP United Nations Development Program UNEP United Nations Environment Program UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNFICYP United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus UNFPA United Nations Fund for Population Activities; see UN Population Fund (UNFPA) UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIFIL United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon UNIKOM United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission UNITAR United Nations Institute for Training and Research UNMIH United Nations Mission in Haiti UNMIBH United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMOGIP United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan UNMOP United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka UNMOT United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan UNOMIG United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia UNOMIL United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia UNOMOZ United Nations Operation in Mozambique UNOMSIL United Nations Mission of Observers in Sierra Leone UNOMUR United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda UNOSOM II United Nations Operation in Somalia II UNPREDEP United Nations Preventive Deployment Force UNPROFOR United Nations Protection Force UNRISD United Nations Research Institute for Social Development UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNSMIH United Nations Support Mission in Haiti UNTAC United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia UNTAES United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, and Western Sirmium UNTSO United Nations Truce Supervision Organization UNU United Nations University UPU Universal Postal Union US United States USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union); used for information dated before 25 December 1991 USSR/EE Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Eastern Europe V VHF very-high-frequency W WADB West African Development Bank WAEMU West African Economic and Monetary Union WCL World Confederation of Labor WCO World Customs Organization; see Customs Cooperation Council Wetlands Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially As Waterfowl Habitat WEU Western European Union WFC World Food Council WFP World Food Program WFTU World Federation of Trade Unions Whaling International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling WHO World Health Organization WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization WMO World Meteorological Organization WP Warsaw Pact WTO see WToO for World Tourism Organization or WTrO for World Trade Organization WToO World Tourism Organization WTrO World Trade Organization Y YAR Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen]; used for information dated before 22 May 1990 or CY91 Z ZC Zangger Committee