Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)

Second in importance to pulmonary complaints in solipeds; equal in ruminants. Extent of digestive organs and character of food, in carnivora, herbivora, and omnivora. Ruminant’s...

A careful examination of the mucosa will sometimes detect slight conical elevations with red areolæ, representing the tumefied orifices of the obstructed mucous follicles, and l...

This is characterized by the formation of necrotic spots and patches of the buccal epithelium, with desquamation, and the formation of more or less rodent ulcers of the sub-epit...

_Symptoms._ Mercurial stomatitis is a local manifestation of a general poisoning. Salivation is one of the most prominent phenomena, the watery saliva falling in streams from th...

_Symptoms._ The animal may seem hungry, but masticates tardily and imperfectly, and may even drop morsels partly chewed. He prefers ground feed to whole, and soft mashes to grou...

_Symptoms._ Beside the general phenomena of catarrhal pharyngitis, this form of the malady is characterized by a greater swelling and tenderness of the throat, extending from ea...

The _symptoms_ were dullness, prostration, anorexia, a hard cough, swollen throat, vomiting, diarrhœa, and the presence of grayish or yellowish false membranes on the fauces and...

_Symptoms._ _Ruminants_ without any appreciable cause, lick the clothes of their care-takers, chew and swallow articles of clothing of all kinds, bones, old shoes, gloves, socks...

_Traumatic causes_ appear in the form of contusions and bruises from without, but much more frequently from foreign bodies, and probangs operating from within. The use of a whip...

_Tympany_ may also start from the ingestion of certain kinds of _food_ which are _in a very fermentescible condition_. Green food, especially if the animal has been unaccustomed...

_Definition._ The overdistension of the rumen with solid food is characterized by two things, the excess of ingesta which produces the torpor or paresis which is common to all o...

Common. Harmless or injurious. Perforating objects. Traumatisms of contiguous organs. Causes; hurried primary mastication, morbid appetite. Bodies found. Lesions; catarrh, perfo...

_Postmortem Appearances._ These are essentially connected with the impaction of the omasum. This organ is gorged to twice its normal size or larger, firm, solid and resistant, n...

In artificial feeding there is another serious danger. Calves in particular are brought up largely on gruels made from farinaceous material. These contain a large quantity of st...

Cadeac advises, subnitrate of bismuth 5 grains, salicylic acid 5 grains, naphthol 20 grains, syrup 150 grains, distilled water 100 grains. One or two tablespoonfuls in the mouth...

Causes: wet fermented food, cryptogams, bacteria, sprouted green potatoes, sand, irritants, hot food, frosted food, ill health, starvation, anæmia, siliceous plants, diseased te...

_Symptoms._ Impaired or capricious appetite, a disposition to lick the walls or earth, or to drink impure water, yawning, constipation with glossy mucus-covered fæces, and sligh...

_Lesions._ The distension of the stomach may reach ten times its normal size in the horse (Leisering). Kitt found a stomach with a capacity of 84 quarts. Fitzroy Philipot took f...

_Symptoms._ These are necessarily obscure. In the =horse= periodic gastric indigestions and colics may be the sole indications, which are certainly not pathognomonic. In other c...

As a _dernier resort_, Gaullet performed laparotomy but with no success as the animal died the following day. The horse was, however, in extremis at the time of the operation an...

Willach holds to a hermaphrodite stage passed in the intestine of the soliped. He found in the bowel small worms apparently related to the sclerostomata by the appearance of the...

_Causes._ The same causes are quoted as in solipeds, youth, extra high condition, rich feeding, sudden change to the green food of spring, climatic vicissitudes of the same seas...

The patient should have a dry comfortable box and warm clothing according to the season of the year. He must be kept for a week on linseed gruel or other equally simple demulcen...

_Lesions._ The carcasses putrefy with extraordinary rapidity being as a rule pervaded by septic microbes and their toxins. The blood is of a deep red, loosely and imperfectly co...

=Bacillus gallinorum= found by Klein (1889) in the blood of chickens suffering from an infective diarrhœal enteritis, is ovoid, with rounded ends, from 0.8 to 2_μ_ long and 0.3...

=Caustic Potash, Lye.= Lethal dose, 5 grs. dog intervenous. In strong solution this is one of the most potent caustics, which penetrates deeply into the tissues and abstracting...

_Symptoms._ Dullness, colics, emesis of blue or greenish matter in vomiting animals, diarrhœa, tenesmus, weakness, trembling, spasms, trismus, paralysis, small, weak pulse, hurr...

Kaufman has experimented with moulds on rabbits. He found that =aspergillus glaucus= (green mould) grown on bread produces a fatal infection in the rabbit even in very minute do...

_Prevention_ consists in putting a stop to the supply of the altered food or, if it must be given, in giving it in small quantities only with abundance of water or fresh succule...

1st. =Simple spasmodic colic.= 2d. =Enteralgia or neuralgia of the intestines.= 3d. =Colics from indigestion=, _a_ =tympanitic=, _b_ =from overloading with ingesta=, _c_ =from i...

The further treatment is on the same line as for the soliped. An abundance of exercise in the open air is a prime essential, together with a free access to fresh water. House do...

_Treatment_ varies with the character of the bodies ingested, sand and gravel may be passed on by a laxative diet and even by the use of mild laxatives. Bernard gave 10 quarts o...

It is a physiological law that the intestine developes in ratio with the demands made upon it, provided these demands are not too sudden and extreme. Thus the domestic pig and r...

_Treatment._ The measures recommended for the larger animals are applicable to the dog. Cadeac has had four recoveries in seven cases after the use of leaden shot and castor oil...

=2nd. Muscular Strain.= In heavy draught the fixing of the glottis, ribs and diaphragm and the extreme contraction of the abdominal muscles often lead to extraordinary tension o...

In solipeds, ruminants, swine, carnivora. Injuries to loins and croup. Palsy of tail and sphincters. Nerve centres in end of cord. Fractures and dislocations of the pelvis. Hæmo...

Susceptibility to pyogenic bacteria, infection simple or complex. Traumatic injuries: accidental, omphalitis, operations, strangulation, wounds in rectum or vagina, coition, her...

_Symptoms._ The manifestations of the disease are indefinite, the acute form may have subsided so that the patient is supposed to have completely recovered, a moderate appetite...

_Causes._ Ascites is generally the result of some obstruction to the return of blood from some abdominal organ, but may also come from renal disease, or hydroæmia in which gener...

_c._ The following not only increase the bile, but through their purgative operation, expel it from the bowels: calomel, mercuric chloride, colocynth, aloes, jalap, rhubarb, pod...

_Treatment_ is only hopeful in the sympathetic and toxic forms. These must be treated according to the nature of the primary disease or the poison. To these the general principl...

_Alkalies_ have long been recognized as of great clinical value in hepatic disorders. Though carbonate of soda decreases the secretion of bile, (Nasse, Röhrig), yet the alkalies...

Again it is an important function of the liver, spleen and red bone marrow to disintegrate worn out or abnormal red globules. These are taken up by the white blood corpuscles of...

In some cases in the earliest stages a full dose of sweet spirits of nitre or even half a pint of whiskey has seemed to assist in aborting the disease though the urine was alrea...

_Lesions._ The most common feature is duodenitis with thickening around the orifice of the common bile and pancreatic duct. The biliary ducts may be distended and their contents...

For the offspring, antiseptics (tannin, mercuric chloride lotion, copperas, calomel, iodoform), applied to the navel, and protection against cold winds and rains, and damp lairs...

In _passive_ cases however the obstruction to the escape of blood from the liver prevents the development of icteric symptoms, of uræmia and of polyuria. In all such cases howev...

_Lesions in the horse._ Cadeac distinguishes the different types of hepatic abscess as: _1st biliary abscess_ in which suppuration commences in the interior of the biliary ducts...

_Treatment._ The indications are to first combat the causes. Irregularities in the heart’s action may be met by digitalis or strophanthus; gastro-intestinal catarrh by a careful...

_Idleness_ is especially operative in cattle, which are quite subject to biliary calculi and concretions, when shut up in the stall on _abundant, dry feeding_ for a long winter....

_Melanoma._ Melanosis of the liver is comparatively frequent, especially in gray horses, and above all when they are aging and passing from dark gray to white. In many cases a m...

Siedamgrotzky found a chronic interstitial pancreatitis connected with alopecia, œdema and leucocythæmia. The pancreas was indurated, fibrous, resisting the edge of the knife an...

A moderate hypertrophy is the rule in the case of cattle which have passed through the Southern cattle fever, but have continued to live within the area of its prevalence. Gamge...

This has been occasionally detected in the spleen of the horse. It is usually connected with longstanding suppuration especially of bones, with advanced tuberculosis or other ex...

1. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and variations in spelling. 2. Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed. 3. Enclosed italics font in...