Surgery, with Special Reference to Podiatry

Surgery, in contradistinction to medicine, as a separate branch of the healing art, includes all manual procedures and is not limited to cutting operations exclusively. It is th...

The word _germ_ may be used to designate any microorganism, but it has so many other meanings and has been so loosely employed even in this sense, that it cannot be used for acc...

Before the introduction of Lister’s methods of treating wounds, it was considered proper, in accidental and operative wounds, to have profuse suppuration, pyemia, erysipelas, et...

+Definition.+ Inflammation may be defined as the local reaction against injurious influences. An aseptic wound heals without any of the clinical signs of inflammation and withou...

A wound is a solution of continuity or division of the soft tissues produced by cutting, tearing, or compressing force. The classification of wounds according to their causation...

+Spontaneous hemorrhage+ occurs in the organs and cavities of the body as a result of constitutional diseases, such as tuberculosis, syphilis, cancer, etc., in which erosion of...

Among the causes of burns are: steam; hot water; melted glass, wax, rubber, sugar; molten metal; red-hot metal; gas and flame; burning wood, paper, clothing; electricity; X-ray;...

A +Fistula+ (pl. fistulae) is an abnormal communication between the surface and an internal part of the body, or between two natural cavities or canals. The first form is seen i...

The moist glistening membrane lining the abdomen (_peritoneum_) and that lining the chest (_pleura_) are similar to the synovial sac between the bone ends at joints or the synov...

+Congenital Defects of Bones.+ Various congenital deformities of the limbs occur because of interference in various ways with the proper and normal formation of these cartilagin...

+Dry gangrene+, or mummification, is a condition which occurs in consequence of a gradual diminution and final cessation of the blood supply, with the venous outflow intact. In...

Varicose veins are unnatural, irregular, and permanently dilated veins which elongate and pursue a tortuous course. This condition is very common, and twenty per cent. of adults...

+Syphilis+ is a chronic, infectious, and sometimes hereditary, constitutional disease. Its first lesion is an infecting area or chancre, which is followed by lymphatic enlargeme...

+Definition.+ A verruca is a circumscribed overgrowth of all the layers of the skin, varying in size from a pin’s head to a small nut. These growths may be single or multiple, a...

Tumors may also be classified as _typical_, and _atypical_. A typical tumor is one in which the cells are identical to those in the tissue from which it springs, and also has th...

1. As to their degree. 2. As to the direction of the line of fracture. 3. As to their location. 4. As to the etiology. 5. As to their relation to the overlying skin. 6. As to th...

The terms _weak foot_ and _flat foot_ will be used to designate the _mild_ and the _severe_ forms of the same condition which include all the deviations from the normal height o...

+Hyperemia+ as a therapeutic agent was described by Bier and is of two kinds, _active_ and _passive_. The former is the same as the _arterial_, while the latter is the _venous_....

The cocoon dressing is occlusive and should never be applied over an infected area. It is applicable to sensitive areas for protection, and to operated areas not liable to infec...

+History.+ From Corning we learn that the ancient Assyrians alleviated and even entirely prevented the pain incident to circumcision by compressing the veins in the neck. Uncons...