Studies of American Fungi. Mushrooms, Edible, Poisonous, etc.

=Amanita frostiana= Pk. =Poisonous.=--According to Dr. Peck, who published the first description of this plant, it grows in company with _Amanita muscaria_, but seems to prefer...

The increasing interest in mushrooms during the past few years has not been confined to the kinds growing spontaneously in fields and woods, but the interest aroused in the coll...

The plants belonging to this family are characterized especially by a honey-combed fruiting surface, that is, the under surface of the plants possesses numerous tubes or pores w...

The genus _Pholiota_ has ferruginous or ferruginous brown spores. It lacks a volva, but has an annulus; the gills are attached to the stem. It then corresponds to _Armillaria_ a...

Plants of large or medium size; fleshy, membranaceous, leathery, woody or gelatinous; growing on the ground, on wood or decaying organic matter; usually saprophytic, more rarely...

As varieties of mushrooms differ in analysis, texture and density of flesh, different methods of cooking give best results. For instance, the _Coprinus micaceus_, being very del...

The species of _Coprinus_ are readily recognised from the black spores in addition to the fact that the gills, at maturity, dissolve into a black or inky fluid. The larger speci...

The members of this subdivision are recognized at maturity by the purple-brown, dark brown or nearly black spores when seen in mass. As they ripen on the surface of the gills th...

Regarding the chemical composition of mushrooms, we have in the past been limited largely to the work of European chemists. Recently, however, some very careful analyses of Amer...

When the stems of the mushrooms are pulled or dug from the ground, white strands are often clinging to the lower end. These strands are often seen by removing some of the earth...

In the collection of the higher fungi it is of the utmost importance that certain precautions be employed in obtaining all parts of the plant, and furthermore that care be exerc...

In the genus _Pluteus_ the volva and annulus are both wanting, the gills are usually free from the stem, and the stem is easily broken out from the substance of the cap, remindi...

The most prominent and at present important use of mushrooms from the standpoint of the utilitarian is as an article of food. We have now learned that their food value as a nutr...

In fungi, as in higher plants, each organ or part of the plant is subject to a great number of variations which appeal to the eye of the student, and by which he recognizes rela...

The remaining fungi to be considered belong to a very different group of plants than do the mushrooms, puff-balls, etc. Nevertheless, because of the size of several of the speci...

This is not the place for a discussion of the different genera of the puff-balls, etc., but it might be well to say that in recent years the old genus _Lycoperdon_ has been divi...

The plants belonging to this family vary greatly in size, form, and consistency. Some of them are very large, some quite small, some are fleshy in consistency, some are woody, c...

=Value of Form and Characters.=--The different kinds of mushrooms vary in form. Some are quite strikingly different from others, so that no one would have difficulty in recogniz...

The genus _Amanita_ has both a volva and a veil; the spores are white, and the stem is easily separable from the cap. In the young stage the volva forms a universal veil, that i...

This family is a very characteristic one, and very interesting from the large number of beautiful species in one genus, the genus _Clavaria_. The plants all are more or less ere...

Most of the stink-horn fungi are characterized by a very offensive odor. Some of them at maturity are in shape not unlike that of a horn, and the vulgar name is applied because...

These fungi are called the trembling fungi because of their gelatinous consistency. The colors vary from white, yellow, orange, reddish, brownish, etc., and the form is various,...

In the selection of mushrooms to eat, great caution should be employed by those who are not reasonably familiar with the means of determination of the species, or those who have...

Many of the species of the Thelephoraceæ to which the following two species belong are too tough for food. A large number of these grow on wood. They are known by their hard or...

The gill bearing fungi are known under the family _Agaricaceæ_, or popularly the agarics. They are distinguished by the fruiting area being distributed over the surface of plate...

Structural Characters of Mushrooms (H. Hasselbring), 298 APPENDIX. Analytical Keys (The Author), 307 Glossary of Technical Terms (The Author), 313 Index to Genera and Illustrati...

The Cave Culture of Mushrooms in America, 239 The House Culture of Mushrooms, 241 Curing the Manure, 247 Making up the Beds, 250 What Spawn Is, 255 Spawning the Beds, 263