Structure and Functions of the Body A Hand-Book of Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses and Others Desiring a Practical Knowledge of the Subject

PAGE COMPOSITION AND GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE BODY 11 Chemical Constitution of the Body, 11--The Cell, 12--The Fundamental Tissues of the Body, 13--Epithelial Tissue, 14--Connec...

THE SKIN, ITS APPENDAGES AND ITS FUNCTION 39 The Skin, 39--Appendages of the Skin: Nails, 40--Hair, 40--Sebaceous Glands, 41--Sweat Glands, 42--Sweat, 42--Temperature Regulation...

THE CRANIUM AND FACE 48 The Cranial Bones, 48--Frontal Bone, 49--Parietal Bones, 49--Occipital Bone, 50--Occipito-frontalis Muscle, 51--Temporal Bones, 51--Sphenoid or Wedge Bon...

THE ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSE 57 The Nose, 57--The Sense of Smell, 58--The Mouth, 59--The Hyoid Bone, 60--The Teeth, 60--The Sense of Taste, 61--Salivary Glands, 61--The Tonsils,...

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 75 The Cerebrum, 75--The Cerebellum, 78--Pons Variolii, 78--Medulla Oblongata, 78--Spinal Cord, 79--Brain-centers, 81--Motor Tract, 82--Sensory Tract, 82--Ref...

THE HEART AND CIRCULATION 101 The Heart, 101--The Pericardium, 101--Cavities of the Heart, 103--The Endocardium, 103--The Valves of the Heart, 103--Circulation, 105--Circulation...

THE LUNGS AND RESPIRATION 121 The Larynx, 121--The Trachea, 123--The Thyroid Gland, 124--The Thymus Gland, 124--The Bronchi, 125--The Lungs, 125--The Pleura, 125--The Mediastinu...

THE ABDOMEN AND THE ORGANS OF DIGESTION AND EXCRETION 132 The Abdominal Cavity, 132--Muscles of the Abdomen, 132--The Peritoneum, 134--Abdominal Regions, 134--Salivary Digestion...

THE PELVIS AND THE GENITAL ORGANS 161 The Pelvis, 161--The Male Generative Organs, 164--The Prostate Gland, 164--The Testes, 165--The Penis, 165--The Female Generative Organs, 1...

THE UPPER EXTREMITIES 171 The Shoulder Girdle, 171--The Clavicle, 171--The Scapula, 173--Shoulder Muscles, 174--The Humerus, 175--Upper Arm Muscles, 176--The Ulna, 177--The Radi...

THE LOWER EXTREMITIES 187 The Femur, 187--Thigh Muscles, 189--The Patella, 192--Joints of the Lower Extremity, 192--The Tibia, 194--The Fibula, 194--The Ankle, 195--The Foot, 19...

=Chemical Constitution of the Body.=--In the body only twenty elements have been found. These include carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium...

The whole exterior surface of the body is covered by the skin, an excreting and absorbing organ, which serves as a protection to the parts beneath and is also the organ of touch...

The intelligence and all the special senses, except the sense of touch already spoken of, are gathered together compactly in the head, where they are carefully protected with bo...

=The Nose.=--The nose, the organ of the sense of smell, is composed of a framework of bones and cartilages, the bridge being formed by the two nasal bones, and the septum by the...

The nervous system, which regulates all the vital processes of the body, physical and chemical, and which is situated partly in the head and partly in the trunk, may well form t...

=The Spine.=--The trunk may be roughly divided into the back, the chest or thorax, the abdomen, and the pelvis. By the back is denoted the spinal column with its muscles, blood-...

The chest or thorax occupies the upper part of the trunk in front and is a dome-shaped cavity containing and protecting the heart and lungs. Its walls are formed by the dorsal v...

=The Heart.=--Shielded within the chest are, as has been said, the heart and lungs. The heart lies on the left side behind the sternum and the cartilages of the fourth to sevent...

Besides the heart and the great vessels the chest contains the lungs, the chief organ of respiration, which, with the rest of the respiratory system, will now be treated. The no...

=The Abdominal Cavity.=--Below the diaphragm and separated from the lowest cavity of the trunk, the pelvis, only by an invisible plane drawn through the brim of the true pelvis,...

=The Pelvis.=--Before taking up the pelvic organs, the pelvis itself should be described. The name pelvis has been given to the bony ring which is interposed between the spine a...

The upper extremities include the shoulders, arms, forearms, wrists, and hands and contain each thirty-two bones. The bones of the two shoulders taken together are called the _s...

The lower extremities resemble the upper very closely in the arrangement of the bones, muscles, arteries, and nerves, though modifications occur, due to the difference in functi...