Part 43

The great characteristic of our American institutions--the compact of our Government--is that the will of the majority, expressed by legal methods at the ballot box, shall be the supreme law of all our community. To the Territories of the United States a measure of local government has always been given, but the supervisory control, the supreme legislative and executive power has been, continuously, as to the Territories, held and exercised by the general Government at Washington. The territorial state has always been regarded as a temporary one. The general Government has always looked forward to a division of its vast domain--first, the territory northwest of the Ohio, then the Louisiana purchase, then these accessions upon the Pacific coast--into suitable sections for the establishment of free and independent States. This great work of creating States has gone forward from the Ohio to the Pacific, and now we may journey from Maine to Puget Sound through established States. [Cheers.]

The purity of the ballot-box, the wise provisions and careful guardianship that shall always make the expression of the will of the people fair, pure and true, is the essential thing in American life. We are a people organized upon principles of liberty, but, my good countrymen, it is not license. It is liberty within and under the law. [Great applause.] I have no discord, as a public officer, with men of any creed or politics if they will obey the law. My oath of office, my public duty, requires me to be against those who violate the law.

The foundation of American life is the American home. That which distinguishes us from other nations whose political experience and history have been full of strife and discord is the American home, where one wife sits in single uncrowned glory. [Great applause and cheers.] And now, my countrymen, I beg to assure you that every hope you have for safe running on these lines of free government, on these lines of domestic and social order, I have. For every one of you I have the most cordial greeting. God bless and keep you and guide you in the paths of social purity, order, and peace, and make you one of the great communities of the American Union. [Cheers.]

_Chamber of Commerce Speech._

The visitors were then taken to the new Chamber of Commerce, where the business men of the city greeted the Chief Executive. The occasion was also the formal opening of the building for business.

President Harrison made an address. He said:

I am very glad to witness in this magnificent structure which you are opening to-day for your use an evidence of the commercial importance of the city. Organizations of this character are very useful when rightly conducted, very promotive of the business prosperity of the cities in which they are established, and of the best interest of their membership. It is quite right that those who may be engaged in the rivalries of business, pushing their several lines of trade with the energy and enterprise that characterize our people, should now and then assemble and lay aside things that are personal and selfish and consider the things that affect the whole community. These organizations, as I have known them in other States, have been the council chamber in which large and liberal things have been devised for the development of the interests and prosperity of the community. I do not doubt that you will do so here; that new enterprise will be welcomed, and that the friendly business hand will be extended to those who are seeking investments. I wish you all success in this enterprise, and I hope you may grow until its membership shall embrace all of your commercial classes, and that its influence may do for your business here what the water of your mountain streams has done for the plains--make them grow longer and more productive, and at the same time expel from them those mean jealousies which sometimes divide men. [Prolonged Cheers.]

_Address to the School Children._

The party visited the Mormon Tabernacle, which was profusely decorated with bunting and flags. On the side of the Temple in large letters was the motto "Fear God; Honor the President." The entire city was tastefully decorated. The President reviewed the school children, about 2,000 in number. They rendered patriotic songs, and he addressed them in the following happy speech:

_To the School Children_--In all this joyous journey through this land of flowers and the sunny South I have seen nothing more beautiful and inspiring than this scene which burst upon us so unexpectedly. This multitude of children bearing waving banners makes a scene which can never fade from our memories. Here, in these children from the free schools established and guarded by your public authorities, is the hope of Utah and the country. [Cheers.] I give you my thanks for a demonstration that has cheered my heart. May each of you enjoy every blessing that a free country and a more beneficent and kindly Creator can bestow. [Cheers.]

LEHI CITY, UTAH, MAY 9.

The first stop after leaving the capital of Utah was at Lehi City, where a large sugar factory is located. The Committee of Reception consisted of Mayor A. J. Evans, Bishop T. R. Cutler, James Harwood, and C. A. Granger.

The President made a brief address, saying:

_My Friends_--This industry which you have established here is very interesting to me. I hope it is to open the way to a time when we shall have a home supply of sugar for every household. [Cheers.]

PROVO CITY, UTAH, MAY 9.

The presidential train arrived at Provo--the Garden City of Utah--at 1:30 P.M. The greeting was a cordial one; about 1,000 school children were present. The Reception Committee was Mayor J. E. Booth, R. H. Dodd, J. R. Bishop, J. B. McCauslin, M. M. Kellogg, W. S. Myton, E. A. Wilson, Wm. H. King, D. D. Houtz, Dr. J. N. Christensen, Dr. H. Simmons, F. F. Reed, G. W. Olger, and W. Burlew.

Mayor Booth introduced the President, who spoke as follows:

_Mr. Mayor and Fellow-citizens_--This is another of those bright and beautiful pictures that have been spread before our eyes on this whole journey from Washington. I am glad to stop for a moment in this enterprising and prosperous city. I am glad to know that you are adding manufacturing to your agriculture, and that you are weaving some of the abundance of wool that is furnished by your flocks. It is the perfection of society, commercially, when you find immediately at your own doors a market for those things that you have to sell. You are a long way from the seaboard. The transportation companies, however fair their rates may be, must levy very heavy tolls upon your produce for taking it to the Atlantic or to the Pacific. It is then a pleasing thing when, instead of sending your wool to some distant city to be woven into cloth, you can do that work yourselves as you develop, bringing in these manufacturing industries whose employees consume the products of your farm and in turn give to the farmer that which he and his children have to wear. You are approaching the most independent commercial condition. When every farmer is able to sell from his own wagon everything he produces and is emancipated from transportation tolls, he is independent and prosperous.

I am glad to see these dear children here coming from the free schools of your city. The public school is a most wholesome and hopeful institution. It has an assimilative power possessed by no other institution in our country. Where the children of rich and poor mingle together on the play-ground and in the school-room, there is produced a unity of feeling and a popular love for public institutions that can be brought about in no other way. [Cheers.] God bless and promote your public schools until every child in your Territory shall be gathered into them. [Cheers.]

AMERICAN FORK, UTAH, MAY 9.

Early in the afternoon a brief stop was made at American Fork, where several hundred children were marshalled under Bishop George Halliday (Mormon) and Rev. F. G. Webster. The Reception Committee consisted of Mayor George Cunningham, James Chipman, John J. Cushing, and John F. Pribyl.

The President, addressing the school children, said:

I want to express my interest in these dear children who have gathered here. It is very pleasant to have at all these little stations these expressions of your good-will. I rejoice to see the development which has taken place in these regions since I was here a few years ago, and I have no doubt that it will go on until all your valleys are prosperous and full of happy homes. [Cheers.]

SPRINGVILLE, UTAH, MAY 9.

As the presidential train reached Castle Gate, a mining town on the summit of the Wahsatch Mountains, the people turned out _en masse_. A salute was fired with dynamite cartridges. The President briefly thanked the people for their greeting.

At Springville, the last stopping-point in Utah, the committee that welcomed the President consisted of Don C. Johnson, Joseph M. Westwood, H. M. Dougall, R. A. Deal, and Anthony Ethier.

Governor Thomas introduced President Harrison, who said:

_My Friends_--Your towns in Utah are very close together. I scarcely close an address at one before we are in the corporate limits of another; but I am glad to receive here this pleasant welcome. The evidence of kindliness which I read in all your faces is very reassuring and very comforting. It is delightful, I think, to those who are charged with public duties to come now and then and look into the faces of the people who have no other interest than that the Government shall be well administered. [Cheers.] I cannot hope, of course, to give a post office to everybody. I have endeavored in the selection of those who are to administer the functions of public office for the general Government to secure good men. I have desired that everywhere they should understand that they were the servants of the people [applause], that they were to give the best public service possible, and that they were to treat everybody alike.

It has been very pleasant to-day to ride through this most extraordinary valley, and to notice how productive your fields are and how genial and kindly your people are. [Cheers.]

I am to do whatever I can in public office to serve our people. I am glad to contribute whatever I can as a citizen to the general prosperity and to the glory and dignity of our country. [Cheers.]

And now one word or two to these few comrades who gather about me. They are not many, but they are entitled to honor. Those who struggled in the early years to establish homes in the West, and those who in the hour of public distress and peril bared their breasts to the shaft of battle that the Nation might live, are worthy of the highest regard. [Cheers.] You have entered into the heritage which they bought and preserved. May you, with as true, loyal hearts as they, preserve and hand down to your children these institutions. [Cheers.]

GLENWOOD SPRINGS, COLORADO, MAY 10.

At an early hour Sunday morning, May 10, the presidential party arrived at Glenwood Springs, where they were met by the Governor of Colorado, Hon. J. L. Routt, Chief-Justice J. C. Helm, Hon. N. P. Hill, ex-Senator H. A. W. Tabor, and Congressman Townsend, from Denver. At 8 o'clock the Hon. J. L. Hodges, Mayor of the city, with Judge G. D. Thayer, L. Schwarz, C. W. Darrow, J. H. Fesler, F. Mager, and M. W. Mather, escorted the party to the Hotel Glenwood, where they passed the day. The President and Postmaster-General Wanamaker attended divine services at the Presbyterian Church. The pastor, Rev. W. S. Rudolph, was assisted by Rev. A. E. Armstrong, of Leadville, and Rev. L. N. Haskell, of Denver, Chaplain of the State Senate. The city was filled with thousands of visitors from Aspen and other neighboring mining towns and camps until over 10,000 people were gathered--notwithstanding it was the Sabbath--to greet the Chief Magistrate of the Nation.

When the President returned from witnessing several members of his party enjoy a dip in the mammoth pool he was met by Mayor Hodges at the head of the following Reception Committee of prominent citizens: Joseph Love, A. W. Dennis, Reed Burritt, F. C. Ewing, F. S. Dart, F. C. Sohram, H. C. Eaton, J. R. De Remer, Alex. Anderson, A. W. Dennis, Miles Standish, J. L. Hays, W. H. Hallett, H. R. Kamm, J. T. McLean, W. H. Bradt, J. R. Wallingford, J. G. Pease, Paul Blount, J. H. Campbell, C. B. Ellis, B. T. Napier, Thomas Kendrick, E. T. Wolverton, Fred Korupkat, C. A. Lee, Dr. G. H. Moulton, M. V. B. Blood, James Leach, P. F. Carr, George Edinger, W. H. Spear, Joseph Enzensperger, C. M. Keck, J. W. Beaman, J. M. Stevens, R. O. Hoover, E. Schuster, J. W. Ross, William Chrisman, G. H. Ferris, F. A. Enoch, Frank Lindsley, Frank Kaiser, J. A. I. Claudon, F. A. Barlow, Ed. B. Everett, N. Falk, H. C. Bunte, H. W. Ennen, William Dougan, Dr. L. G. Clark, James Anderson, Chris. Beck, J. S. Swan, H. J. Holmes, James Coughlin, S. H. Wood, John Miller, N. S. Henderson, J. M. Durand, Jr., Matt. Carroll, John Lynch, W. H. Trumbor, S. W. Nott, B. Hopkins, William Houston, C. V. Noble, C. M. Kiggins, Dr. E. A. Bryant, J. N. Bishop, William Denning, A. Miller, J. H. Connor, C. H. Belding, William Dinkle, C. L. Todd, George Yule, C. A. Hahn, H. H. Gates, James Soister, C. C. Hendrie, P. R. Morris, J. L. Noonan, Fred L. Walthers, T. W. Thomas, C. C. Parks, J. T. Shumate, Wm. Gelder, M. J. Bartley, A. E. Bartlett, John McReavy, W. S. Parkinson, Frank Dallis, E. H. Watson, J. H. Bixby, Jake Kline, M. M. Cantrell, J. H. Pierce, C. C. Streeter, E. T. Taylor, John Eitel, P. C. Coryell, Frank Mason, Fred Korn, W. H. Richardson, H. C. Babize, George Bennett, Frank Lyle, J. F. Myser, R. Stees, J. W. Ritter, R. P. Mallaby, W. De Long, L. F. Grace, Ed. Meachem, Andrew Anderson, Joe Keating, W. H. Sikes, W. L. Willoughby, T. R. Williams, J. W. Dollison, Alex. Voorhees, Theo. Rosenberg, H. T. Sale, S. J. De Lan, William Cardnell, G. B. Garrison, R. M. Hedden, P. H. Fitzpatrick, C. W. Durand, Kellie Cookson, Albert Gerstle, F. P. Monroe, William Shaw, C. J. Feist, E. E. Knight, George Phillips, Ed. S. Hughes, D. W. Smart, P. G. Foote, W. T. Beans, C. Poole, J. H. Mager, W. J. Brennan, Murdo McLeod, J. E. Chaney, A. W. Maxfield, William Smith, A. M. Stevenson, C. B. Brown, M. N. Edwards, and Harry Van Sickle.

The Mayor made the welcoming address and presented the President with a solid silver plate, superbly engraved with the coat-of-arms of Colorado.

President Harrison replied:

_Mr. Mayor and Fellow-citizens_--In arranging the programme of this trip, and desiring to find one day in the seven for rest, we selected this spot because of its fame throughout the East as one of delightful location and natural attractions. I am glad this selection was made. It has given me much pleasure--the beauty of your surroundings and especially the picturesque attractiveness and magnificence of the scenery. The city which you are launching forth upon the tide of usefulness and prosperity will grow in fame. I thank you most cordially for this souvenir, and I leave with you my most earnest hope for the prosperity of the city.

Senator Tabor introduced a delegation from Aspen representing 1,000 miners from that famous camp. Col. E. F. Browne then presented a most unique souvenir--a silver card bearing mottoes worked in native wire silver.

In accepting this rare token the President said:

This is one of the most beautiful of all the souvenirs that have been presented me on this trip. I wish to say to you that I do not regard your visit as an intrusion. I will not undertake to dilate upon the fatigue of this trip. I have been leaning over the hind rail of the train for a long time, and I came to Glenwood Springs tired. I wish to remain quiet, not from any puritanical notion of the Sabbath, and I hope none of you will feel that way. It is not because I don't want to see you. It is the contrary, I assure you, and I regret my inability to give you all a public reception.

I have for Aspen and her people the kindest wishes. As for the State of Colorado, it will grow more vigorous and richer in all that makes an American commonwealth.

In common with Western States, Colorado has had the pick of the people of the Eastern States. It seems to me as though her citizens had passed competitive examination for push and enterprise, and only the worthless were turned back at the ferry. I thank you for your liberality.

Charles R. Bell, of Aspen, State President Patriotic Order Sons of America, presented the President with an address. In the afternoon President Harrison and Mr. Wanamaker attended union services and children's mass-meeting at Durand's Hall. Rev. H. M. Law presided, but Mayor Hodges introduced the President, who said:

_Mr. Mayor, Fellow-citizens and Children_--Our stop at Glenwood Springs was, as you all know, intended to be for rest; and yet I have not felt that I could deny myself to this large body of friends assembled from the homes of this city, and, perhaps, to an even larger body of friends who have come from some of the neighboring towns to pay their respects and testify their good-will. The trip we have been making has been a prolonged one, and it has been a continued experience of speech-making and hand-shaking. The physical labor has been very great, and I think if one had been called upon to do the same amount of work without the stimulus and inspiration which have come from the happy faces and kind hearts of the people who have greeted us, almost any man would have given out. Certainly I would had I not been borne up and helped by the wonderful kindness of our people.

I have been intensely interested in what I have seen. It has testified to me of the unity of the people East and West. Out here you take on some peculiarities as we do in Indiana, but underneath these peculiarities there is the same true American grit and spirit. [Applause.] It is not wonderful that this should be so. It is not a mere likeness between different people, because you are precisely the same people that I have known in the Central and Eastern States. Everywhere I have gone I have seen Hoosiers; everywhere Mr. Wanamaker has gone he has seen Pennsylvanians; everywhere General Rusk has gone Wisconsin hands have been reached up to him. These new States have been filled up by the enterprising and pushing young men of the older States. They have set out to find here greater advantages, more rapid pathways to wealth and competence. Many of them have found it, many of them are still perhaps in the hard struggle of life; but to you all, to every man, whether he is mine-owner or handles the pick, I bring you my warmest sympathy and my most sincere thanks for your friendly greeting. [Applause.]

Our Government was instituted by wise men--men of broad views. It was based upon the idea of the equal rights of men. It absolutely rejects the idea of class distinction and insists that men should be judged by their behavior. That is a good rule; those who are law-abiding and well-disposed, those who pursue their vocations lawfully and with due respect to the rights of others, are the true American citizens. I am glad to know that the love of our institutions is so deeply imbedded in your hearts. It has been a most delightful and cheering thing to see that the starry banner, the same old flag that some of you carried amid the smoke of battle, the rattle of musketry, booming of cannon, and the dying of men, is in the hands of such children. [Applause.] Some of the prettiest as well as some of the most hopeful sights we have looked upon have been these companies of children gathered on the streets or hill-sides waving this banner.

The American institutions deserve our watchful care. All our communities should be careful in the beginning to establish law and maintain it. It is very difficult when lawlessness once obtains the upper hand to put it down. It is very easy to keep it out of any community if the well-disposed, true-hearted people will sink all their differences, religious and political, and stand together as citizens for the good of their municipalities. [Applause.]

I want to thank the children who have gathered for this Sabbath-day's observance. I have had a life that has been full of labor. From my early manhood until this hour my time has had many demands upon it. I have been under the pressure of the practice of my profession. I have been under the pressure of political campaigns and of public office, and yet in all these pursuits, and under all these conditions, I have found, simply as a physical question, without reference to its religious aspects at all, that I could do more by working six days than seven.

I think you will all find it so, and that as a civil institution rest on the Sabbath day is good for man. It is not only good, but it is the right of the workingman. Men should have one free day in which to think of their families, of themselves, of things that are not material, but are spiritual. [Applause.]

I desire to express from a sincere and earnest heart my thanks to you all for all your kindness, giving you in return simply the pledge that I will in all things keep in mind what seems to me to be the true interests of our people. I have no thought of sections, I have no thought upon any of the great public questions that does not embrace the rights and interests of all our people and all our States. I believe we shall find a common interest and safe ground upon all the great questions, and by moderating our own views and making reasonable and just concessions we shall find them all settled wisely and in the true interest of the people. [Applause.]

LEADVILLE, COLORADO, MAY 11.

Leadville, the Cloud City, was reached at 7:30 A.M. Monday. Ten thousand citizens greeted the Chief Magistrate at this greatest of silver camps. The following delegation met the presidential party at Glenwood and escorted them to Leadville: His Honor Mayor John E. Foutz, Hon. H. I. Higgins, W. Arens, John Harvey, A. Sherwin, A. V. Hunter, S. F. Maltby, John Ewing, John Williams, W. F. Patrick, H. C. Burnett, Rev. A. E. Armstrong, Mrs. Foutz, Mrs. Hunter, Mrs. Morgan H. Williams, and Mrs. E. Forbes. The ladies of this committee presented Mrs. Harrison with numerous beautiful silver souvenirs.

Chairman Higgins and the following members of the Reception Committee escorted the party to the Hotel Kitchen: Mrs. W. F. Patrick, W. W. Old, Mrs. J. Y. Oliver, A. A. Blow, Mrs. H. W. Hardinge, Charles Cavender, Rev. E. S. Ralston, B. S. Buell, Samuel Brown, A. Sherwin, Robert Estey, H. R. Pendery, Charles L. Hill, J. S. Jones, Robert Cary, Geo. W. Trimble, C. P. Schumacher, J. S. Saunders, John Harvey, J. H. Weddle, John Nowland, W. F. Patrick, Hon. Wm. Kellogg, Frank G. White, John F. Champion, James Smith, Moses Londoner, J. J. M. McRobbie, Maj. A. V. Bohn, and John Lumsden. The veterans of Garfield Post, G. A. R., composed the guard of honor. Judge Luther M. Goddard made the welcoming address, and in the name of the city presented the distinguished visitor a silver brick.

The President responded as follows: