Chapter 47

Haeckel, 707 Half-races, 358, 372, 409, 419, 424, 427, 428 Hall, 444 Hallet, F.F., 109 Harebell, 232 peach-leaved, 234 Harris, Arthur, 825 Harshberger, John W., 591 on _Euphorbia_ in New Jersey, 55 Hawksbeard, 410, 411, 412 Hawkweed, 411, 439, 443, 819 Hawkweeds seeding without fertilization, 61 Hawthorn, white, 132 Hays, W.M. on individual selection, 20, 94, 95, 117, 821, 823, 824 Hazelnut, 133, 181, 242 Hazels, cut-leaved, 596,-616 Heath family, 146, 222, 660 Heaths, origin of, 662 Heather, 577 _Hedera Helix arborea_, 437 Hedgehog burweed, 140 _Hedys_Arum_, 664 Heeger, 582 Heer, Oswald, 74, 105 Heinricher, 172, 173, 174 _Helianthemum_, 53, 125, 126, 561 _apenninum_, 52 _pilosum_, 52 _polifolium_, 52 _pulverulentum_, 52 _vulgare_, 440 _Helichrysum_, 420 _Helwingia_, 678, 678, 682 _rusciflora_, 675 Hemp, 419 Henbane, 282 _Hepatica_, 322, 490 Heredity, 731, 734, 818 bearers of, 632 in teasels, 642 _Hesperis_, 241, 322 _matronalis_, 323, 411 _Heylandia latebrosa_, 450 _Hibiscus Moscheutos_, 591 _Hieracium_, 59, 439 _alpinum_, 696 Hildebrand, 160, 240, 241 Hoffman, 160, 662 Hofmeister, 160, 370, 480 Holbein, 164, 596 Holly, 140, 196 Holtermann, 449, 451 Hollyhock, 427 Honeysuckle, 674 ground, 443 _Hordeum distichum_, 677 _hexastichum_, 677, 678 _tetrastichum_, 677 _trifurcatum_, 676, 678 _vulgare trifurcatum_, 203 Hornbeam, European, 180 Horse-chestnut, 219 thornless, 234 Horsetail, Canadian, 695 European, 649 Horsetail, family, 641 Horse-weed, 132 Canadian, 452 _Hortensia_, 134, 181 Horticulture, mutations in, 604 Houseleek, 370, 371 Hunneman, John, 521 Hyacinths, 178, 322 white, 160 Hybrids, 58, 201, 202, 206, 250, 575 between elementary species, 253 constant, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269 law of varietal, 716 Mendelian, 324 nature of, 20 species, 256, 260 splitting of, 210 varietal, 208, 209, 247, 277, 278, 279, 281, 285, 293, 294 Hybridization, 706, 751, 752, 758, 759, 764 _Hydrocotyle_, 668 _Hyoscyamus niger_, 282 _pallidus_, 283 _Hypericum perforatum_, 725 _Hyssopus officinalis_, 161

I

_Iberis umbellata rosea_, 195 Improved races, inconstancy of 770-797 Indian cress, 668 pelorism of, 485 Indian pipe, 661 Ipecac spurge, 55 _Iris_, 456 _falcifolis_, 172 _kaempferi_, 174 _lortetii_, 521 _pallida_, 172 _pallida abavia_, 681 Isolation, 108 Ivy, 436

J

Jacob's ladder, 200, 202 Jacques, 614 Jacquin, 52, 632 Jaggi, 594, 595 Jaeger, 228, 662 Jalappa, 165 Janczewski, 266 Japanese plum, 58 _Jasminum Sambac_, 662 Joly, 712 Jordan, Alexis, 45, 47, 49, 50, 129 experiments with species, 37, 40 _Juncus effusus spiralis_, 684 Juniper, 684

K

Kapteyn, 716 Kelvin, Lord, 720, 711 Kerner von Marilaun, 266, 267 Keteleer, 618 Knight, 390, 719, 720 Koch, 433, 667 Koelreuter, 279 Korshinsky, 609, 612, 614, 617, 667 Krelage, 510, 619 Kuhn & Co., Messrs., 801, 809, 817

L

_Labiates_, 237 pelories of, 577 _Labiatiflorae_, pelorism of, 468 Labrador tea, 661 _Laburnum_, 270, 284, 342 oak-leaved 147, 179 pelorism of, 485 _Lactuca_, 52 _Scariola_, 456 Lagasca, Mariano, 96, 97, 114 Lamarck, 1, 447, 461, 522, 522 Lamarckism objections to, 449 _Lamium album_, 237 _maculatum_, 237 pelorism of, 486 _purpureum_, 237 Larch, 804 Larkspur, 124, 192, 311, 452 hybrid, 213 white, 160 Latency, 657 individual, 219 specific, 246 systematic, 219, 220, 235 varietal, 246 Latent characters, 216 _Lathyrus odoratus_, 776 _Laurea pinnatifida_, 450 Laurel, lady's, 146 Laurent, 802 Leaves, cleft, 685 variegated, 426, 431 LeBrun, Mme., 614 Le Couteur, 96, 97, 107, 108, 114, 115, 116, 742 _Ledum_, 222, 661 _Lemna_, 222 Lemoine, 762, 762 Lettuce, 684 crisped, 158 prickly, 456 Life, struggle for, 103, 119, 120 Lilacs, 59, 769 double, 762 _Lilium candidum flore pleno_, 331 _pardalium_, 116 Lime-tree, 355, 366, 428, 669 fern-leaved, 147 _Linaria_, 467, 471, 480 _dalmatica_, 482 _genistifolia_, 267 _italica_, 267 _vulgaris_, 267, 471 _vulgaris peloria_, 464 Lindley, 63, 129, 506 Linnaeus, 32, 33, 129, 132, 256, 663 on the idea of species, 11, 13 on origin of species, 2, 34 on primroses, 52 _Linum angustifolium_, 80 _crepitans_, 81 _usitatissimum_, 80, 161 Link, 466 Liver-leaf, 322 _Lobelia syphilitica_, 161 _Lonicera etrusca_, 640 _tartarica nana_, 614 Lorenz, Chr., 482 Lothelier, 454 _Lotus corniculatus_, 442 _corniculatus hirsutus_, 139 London, 615, 616, 667 Lucerne, 264 Ludwig, 738 Lupines, 90 _Lychnis_, 282 _chalcedonica_, 161 _diurna_, 238, 578 _preslii_, 578 _vespertina_, 238, 281, 585 _Lycium_, 455 _Lycopersicum_, 655 _grandifolium_, 654 _latifolium_ (see _L. grandifolium_). _solanopsis_, 854, 656 _validum_ (see _L. solanopsis_). Lyell, 1, 710 _Lysimachia vulgaris_, 684

M

MacDougal, D.T., 62, 575, 590 Macfarlane, 56, 255, 268 _Madia elegans_, 779 _Magnolia_, 355, 366, 428, 674, 675 _obovata_, 355, 669 _Magnus_, 228 _Mahonia aquifolia_, 270 Maize, 134, 775 "Cuzco," 152 European, 206 "Gracillima," 152 "Horse-dent," 152 "Quarantino," 118 Mallow, 663, 684 _Malva crispa_, 684 Maples, laciniate, 615 Marchant, 592 Marigold, 131, 158 corn, 729 field, 503, 505, 508 garden, 503 Japanese, 490, 494, 495 Marsh-marigold, 331 Martinet, 80 Measart, 434 Masters, 228, 370, 372 _Matricaria Chamomilla_, 130 _Chamomilla discoidea_, 156 Matricaria discoidea, D.C., 157 May-thorn, red, 196 _Medicago media_, 264 _falcata_, 264 _Melanium_, 39 Melons, 118 Mendel, 6, 210, 294, 296, 306, 308 Mendel's law, 276, 293, 294, 298, 299, 300, 301, 307, 612, 613, 616, 716 Mendelism, 307 Mentha, 52 _Mercurialis annua_, 420 _annua laciniata_, 592 Mercury, 420, 422, 425, 820 Methods of investigation, 21 Metzger, 205, 206 Milde, 38 Milfoil, 441 Millardet, 266 Miller, 611 Millet, 105 _Mimulus_, 151 _quinquevulnerus_, 725 _Mimusops_, 697 Miocene period, 698 Miquel, 83 _Mirabilis_, 241 _Jalappa_, 322 Mirbel, 615 _Monardella macrantha_, 444 Monstrosities, 400, 401, 445, 446, 447 Monkey-flower, 725 Monocotyledons ancestry of, 1, 5 regression in, 630 _Monotropa_, 222, 661 Morphologic units, 145, 152 Monstrosities, 818 Morgan on mutation-theory, 9 Morren, 244, 762 Mountain-ash, 342 Muller, Fritz, 775, 776, 780 Multiplication, vegetative (see Asexual propagation) Munting, Abraham, 164, 165, 490, 762 Munting's drawings, 512 Murr, 158, 236 _Muscari comosam_, 134 Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 522 Mutability vs. fluctuating variability, 568 Mutation, 659, 674, 677, 685, 686, 694, 713, 716, 825 absence of intermediate steps in, 474, 480 conditions for observing, 601 decided within the seed, 28 definition of, 7 easily observed, 30 experimental, 688 few observations of, 8 fluctuation vs., 7, 16, 719 influence of on variability, 335 iterative nature of, 476, , 703 laws of, 556, 558, 560, 562, 564, 566, 568, 570 limited in time, 29 observation of, 16 in _Oenothera_, 521, 525, 690 oldest known, 609 oldest recorded, 22 periodic, 690, 692, 694 perodicity of, 519 progressive, 307 repetition of, 476 in _Saponaria calabrica_, 612 simultaneous, 614 in tomato, 655 Mutations, 141, 275, 280, 445, 449, 573, 608, 620, 626, 678, 685, 686, 701, 704, 712, 713, 716, 800 artificial, 402 chance for useful, 598 defined, 191 frequency of, 597 in garden-flowers, 488 in horticulture, 604, 706 latent, 703 mode of appearance, 517 numerical proportion of, 475 original production of, 702 peloric, 707 periodic, 686, 705 progressive, 704 retrograde, 704 stray, 704, 705, 706 synonyms of, 191 Mutation-period, 714 _Myosotis azorica_, 368 _Myrtus communis_, 684

N

Nageli, 60, 439, 443, 448, 795 Nagelian principle, 448, 450, 451 Natural selection, 18, 119, 120, 445, 456, 682, 694, 703, 743, 744, 798-826 basis, 604 nature of, 6, 19 Naudin, 118 Nectarines, 137, 138, 226, 627 Nemec, 578 Neo-Lamarckians principle of, 8 Neo-Lamarckism 447 _Nepenthes_, 671, 672, 673, 674 Newton, 1, 732, 767 _Nicandra_, 152 _Nigella_, 134 Nightshade, 298 black, 282 Nourishment meaning of, 732 variability and 771 _Nuphar_, 268 Nutrition and growth, 720, 722 _Nymphaea_, 698

O

Oats, 98, 100, 101, 105, 112, 113, 115, 119, 133, 452 "Early Angus," 115 "Early Fellow," 115 "Fine Fellow," 115 "Hopetown," 112 "Longfellow," 115 "Make-him-rich," 112 wild, 207, 803 Oak, 136, 239 _Oenothera_, 260, 262, 279, 700, 706, 708, 709 European species, source of, 575 mutation in, 521, 525, 585, 690, 708 new species of, 516-546 _albida_, 537, 553, 555, 563, 565, 573 _biennia_, 82, 205, 256, 257, 258; 259, 262, 263, 264, 521, 524, 527, 574, 575, 586, 587, 683, 690, 708 _biennis cruciata_, 22, 587 _brevistylis_, 263, 280, 526, 529, 530, 547, 563, 564, 565, 573, 574, 702, 706 _cruciata_, 575, 585, 586, 589, 590, 683 _elliptica_, 540, 545, 555, 562 _gigas_, 533, 534, 535, 536; 537, 553, 554, 563, 565, 566, 567, 573, 574, 702 _glauca_, 424 _hirtella_, 262 _laevifolia_, 526, 528, 529, 547, 563, 564, 573, 574, 701, 706 _lamarckiana_, 17, 262, 262, 522, 523, 527, 528, 529,, 533, 574, 575, 586, 690, 699 pollination of, 524 _lata_, 540, 541, 542, 549, 550, 551, 552, 555, 559, 563, 566, 573, 574, 702 _leptocarpa_, 540 _muricata_, 256, 257, 258, 259, 262, 263, 264, 513, 575, 690 pollination of, 524 _nanella_, 526, 531, 549, 50, 551, 552, 555, 563, 564, 565, 566, 703 _oblonga_, 537, 538, 552, 555, 563, 565, 566, 572 _rubrinervis_, 533, 534, 536, 537, 550, 551, 552, 555, 563, 565, 568, 573, 574 _scintillans_, 540, 543, 553, 555, 563, 566, 573, 574 mutability of, 544 _semilata_, 540 _suaveolens_, 521 _Oleander_, 684 _Onagra_, 262, 708, 709 Onions, wild, 684 _Ononis repens_, 577 Orange, 90, 133, 134 Orchids, 631 Origin of species (Darwin), 109 _Orobanche_, 220 _Othonna crassifolia_, 442 Otin, 618 Oviedo, 89

P

_Paeonia corallina leiocarpa_, 126 Paillat, 618 Pangenes, 306 Pangenesis, 306, 689 _Panicum_, 105 Pansies, 640 Pansy, 118, 121 _Papaver alpinum_, 139 _bracteatum_, 661 _bracteatum monopetalum_, 661 _commutatum_, 357 _dubium glabrum_, 126 hybridism, 662 _somniferum Danebrog, 162 _somniferum monstruosum_, 371 _somniferum polycephalum_, Parris, 754 Parsley crisped, 158, 181 Parsnip, water, 457 Pea-family, 344 Peach, 138, 226, 240 Peach-almond, 769 Pears, 79, 90, 134, 147, 152, 203, 283 Pearson, Karl, 716 Peas, sugar, 135, 158 _Pedicularis_, 410 _palustris_, 410 Pedigree-culture, 109 experimental, 547 _Pelargonium_, 272, 355 Peloria, definition of, 164 Peloric toad-flax first record of, 466 origin of, 459, 464, 472 sterility of, 467 Pelorism _Antirrhinum majus_ (see snapdragon) _Digitalis purpurea_, 482 _Gloxinia_, 484, 485 labiates, 486 _Laburnum_, 485 _Lamium_, 486. _Linaria_, see Toad-flax _Linaria dalmatica_, 482 _Linaria vulgaris_, 464 orchids, 479, 486, 487 _Salvia_, 486 _Scrophularia nodosa_, 486 snapdragon, 481 toad-flax, 459-487 _Tropaeolum majus_, 485 _Uropedium Lindenii_, 487 wild sage, 486 _Peltaria alliacea_, 663 Pennywort, marsh, 668 Penzig, 638 Periodicity, law of, 365, 368, 721, 722 Periods, mutative, 706, 708 Periwinkles, 322 Persicaria, water, 433, 434, 435, 643 Petalomany, 330 Petunia, 491, 626 _Phacelia_, 420, 422, 820 _Phaseolus lunatus_, 592 _multiflorus_, 202 _nanus_, 202 _Phleum alpinum_, 696 _Phlox_, 232 _drummondi_, 161 _Phyllonoma ruscifolia_, 676 Physiologic units, 144, 153, 249 _Picris hieraoioides_, 411 Pimpernel, scarlet, 162 Pinacothec, Munich, 164 Pine, 368, 804 Pine-apples, 90, 134 Pinks, 178 _Pinus sylvestris_, 368 Pistillody in poppies, 369, 370, 372 Pitcher-plants, 671 Plankton, 711 _Plantago_, 53 lanceolata_, 520, 671, 684 Plantain, 684 Plater, 610 Plum, 79, 134, 789 beach, 58 Japanese, 58 purple-leaved, 619 _Plusia_, 204 _Poa alpina vivipara_, 684 _Podocarpus koraiana_, 169 _Polemonium coeruleum_, 282 _coeruleum album_, 200 _dissectum_, 161, 202 _Polygala_, 242 _Polygonum amphibium_, 432 var. _natans_ Moench, 433, 434 var. _terrestris_ Wench, 433, 434 _Convolvulus_, 419, 424 _viviparum_, 684 Polymorphy, 188 Pomegranate, 90 Pond-lily, yellow, 268 Poplar, fastigiate, 623, 624 Italian, 623 _Populus italica_, 622 _nigra_, 624 Poppy, 146, 151, 152, 163, 165, 241, 356, 640, 723 "Danebrog," 283, 291 garden, 661 "Mephisto," 283, 291 opium, 89, 189, 195, 198, 282, 291, 369, 371, 373, 379, 383, 391, 405, 406, 420, 452, 720, 789 pistillody in, 369 pistilloid, 508 polycephalous, 405 Potatoes, 765, 810 _Potentilla Tormentilla_, 52 Pre-Linnean attitude, 2 Primrose, 268, 372, 410 evening (see evening-primrose). _Primula acaulis_, 52, 632 _elatior_, 52, 633, 635 _grandiflora_, 268 _imperialis_, 697 _japonica_, 410 _officinalis_, 52, 268, 633, 635 _variabilis_, 268 _veris_, 52, 633, 634 Prodromus (De Candolle) 370 Progression, 430, 705, 774, 775, 777, 779, 805 in evolution, 630 Propagation asexual, 745, 751, 766, 767, 770, 774, 777 sexual, 745, 777 vegetative (see asexual) Proskowetz, Em. von, 70 Prototype definition of, 170 _Prunus_, 52 _cerasifera_, 619 _Mahaleb_, 617 _nana_, 612 _maritima_, 59 _Padus_, 617 _Pissardi_, 619 variation in, 56 _Pyrethrum roseum_, 511 _Pyrola_, 222, 661

Q

Quartile, 736, 737, 767 _Quercus pedunculata fastigata_, 596 Quetelet's law, 463, 716, 717, 725, 730, 734, 738, 748, 753, 759, 767, 775, 779, 780, 806

R

Races, inconstancy of improved, 770-797 Raciborsky, 682 Radishes, 325, 806 Ragwort, tansy, 157 Raisins, 134 Rameses, 697 _Ranunculus_, 331 _acris_, 331 _arvensis_, 282 _arvensis inermis_, 125 _asiaticus_, ,241 _bulbosus_, 357, 410, 740 Ra-n-Woser, King, 104 _Raphanus Raphanistrum_, 202, 424,520 _caudatus_, 202 Rasor, John, 588, 589 Raspberry, 268, 768 "Phenomenal," 268 "Primus," 269 Siberian, 269 Ratzeburg, 467 Raunkiaer on variation in _Taraxacum_, 60 Recessive character, 280 Sports, 191, 715, 689 bud, 427

S

Sprenger, 610, 611 Stability, 155 Stahl, 611 _Stellaria Holostea apetala_, 585 Stocks, 146, 322, 328, 329, 332, 334, 336, 338, 432 Stock "Brompton," 329 chamois-colored, 198 "Queen," 324 white, 160 Stork's-bill, white hemlock, 161 Strasburger, 196, 448 Strawberry, 158, 266, 342 "Gaillon," 135 "Giant of Zuidwijk," 614 one-leaved, 164, 596, 666 white, 158, 165 Striped flowers, 309, 374, 431, 606, 607 races, types of, 328 Struggle for life, 674, 571, 682, 702, 799, 803, 824, 825 St. Johnswort, 725 St. Sebastian, 164 Sub-species (see also Elementary species), 224, 225 Sugar-beets (see Beets, sugar) Sugar-cane, 731, 752 "Black Manilla," 753 "Cheribon," 753, 755, 756 "Chunnic," 753 "Hawaii," 755, 756 seeds of, 754 "White Manilla," 752 Sundew, 268 Sunflower, 410, 425, 820 Sweet-flag, 222 Sweet-pea, 160, 776 Sweet William, 163, 282, 322, 648 twisted variety, 408, 648 Syncotyls, 417, 424 _Syringa vulgaris axurea plena_, 763 Systematic species, 12, 64, 101, 128 nature of, 54, 62 Systematic units, 61, 91

T

_Tagetes africana_, 510 _signata_, 612 "Talavera de Bellevue," 97 _Tanacetum vulgare_, 131, 132, 236 Tansy, 131, 132, 236 _Taraxacum_, 125, 126 officinale, 59, 411 _Tares_, 105 _Taxus_, 136 _baccata_, 169 _baccata fastigiata_, 170, 618 _minor_, 169 Teasels, 402, 642, 645, 674, 675 twisted, 405, 412, 446, 447, 643, 646, 647, 648, 819 _Tetragonia expansa_, 162 Theatre d'Agriculture, 72 Thibault, 618 Thomson, Sir William (see Kelvin, Lord) Thorn-apples, 139, 142, 143, 145, 238, 283, 300, 452 thornless, 234 Thorn-broom, 457 _Thrincia hirta_, 411 Thuret, 38, 47, 49 Thyme, white creeping, 201 _Thymus Serphyllum album_, 201 _vulgaris_, 577 _Tilia parvifolia_, 355, 669 Toad-flax, 267, 282, 707 cross pollination of, 471 experiment with, described, 468 invisible dimorphous state of, 470, 471, 478 latent tendency to mutation in, 479 peloric, see Peloric toad flax sterility of mutants, 477 unusual pelorism, 486 Tomato, 653 "Acme," 656, 657 "Mikado," 654 mutation of, 655 upright, 654 "Washington," 657 Tournefort author of genera, 32 Tracy, W.W. 592 Trees, genealogic, 707, 708 Tricotyls, 416, 419, 420 _Trifolium incarnatum_, 352 _Triticum dicoccum_, 105 _Tropaeolum_, 193, 668 _majus_, pelorism of, 485 "True Exercises with Plants" (hunting), 490 Tulips, 149, 178, 274, 322 black, 620 Turnip, 244, 621 Twisted stems, 402, 403, 405, 413 Twisted varieties atavists of, 406

U

_Ulex europaeus_, 140, 217 _Ulmus pedunculata_, 615 _pedunculata urticaefolia_, 615 Umbellifers, 457 _Umbilicus_, 669 Unger, 105 Unit-characters, 249, 261, 306, 307, 313, 658, 689, 715, 716 Urban, 265 _Uropedium lindenii_, 487 Utility, 685, 724 Utricularia, 672

V

_Vaccinium Myrtillus_, 577 Valerian, 402, 409, 648 twisted, 403 _Valeriana officinalis_, 402 _Vallisneria_, 684. Van den Berg, 625 Van de Water, 614 Van Mons, 76, 77, 78, 806 Variability (see also Fluctuation ), 188, 190, 191 analogous, 244 apple, 75 asexual, 320 correlative, 142, 143, 148, 167 cultivated plants, 66 embryonic, 770, 771, 814 ever-recurring, 190 fluctuating (see also individual), 62, 142, 190, 233, 375, 416, 454, 698, 759, 762, 765, 766, 767, 770, 771, 789, 805, 814 fluctuating vs. mutability 569 homologous, 244 individual (see also fluctuating), 190, 716, 718, 746, 749, 770, 814 influence of mutation on, 335 kinds of, 715 nutrition and, 390, 391, 719, 771 parallel, 243 partial, 440, 444, 718, 746, 748, 753, 814, 816 repeated, 242 restricted, 598 sectional, 317 sexual, 320 sources of, 758 Variation bud, 176, 178, 180, 284, 317, 318, 321, 338, 427, 750 definition of, 188 partial, 788, 789 seed, 750 spontaneous, 191 use of term, 189 Variegation, 426, 427 Varietal marks, origin of, 275 Varieties, 84, 95, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, 142 broom-like, 618, 624 constancy of, 532 constant, 135 crosses of species with, 247, 277, 278, 281 elementary species vs. 459 ever-sporting, 178, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 321, 324, 328, 329, 332, 333, 334, 350, 358, 365, 368, 372, 399, 413, 420, 430, 431, 432, 434, 445, 606, 607, 628, 740, 789, 790, 795 fasciated (see Fasciated stems). groups of, 606 horticultural, 607, 609 hybrid, 122, 190, 608 hybrids of, 210, 254, 255 inconstant, 135, 154; 155, 161 mutation of, 141 negative (retrogressive), 131, 132, 134, 224, 226, 238, 245, 277 positive, 131, 132, 134, 224, 238, 245 pure, 122, 190 retrograde, 14, 15, 16, 95, 121, 208, 430, 435, 606, 607 retrogressive (see negative). seed, 122 single, 191 spontaneous crosses, 209 sporting (see inconstant) stability of, 207 sterile, 622 types of, 142 variable, 606 vegetative, 122 weeping, 617 Variety, 130 definition of, 11, 12 elementary species vs. 141, 152, 154, 224, 243, 247, 251 origin of, 141, 152, 224 use of term, 189, 435 Variety-testing, 95, 97, 116, 119, 743, 799, 825 Varro, 106 Veitch & Sons, 272 Venus' looking-glass, 367 Verlot, 186, 612 Vernon, 132 _Vernonia cinerea_, 450 _Veronica longifolia_, 282, 284 _scutellata_, 139 _spicata nitens_, 126 _Viburnum Opulus_, 134, 239 Vicinism, 185, 188, 203, 205, 206, 213, 214, 776 definition of, 188, 192, 606 Vicinist, 199, 201 _Vicoa aurioulata_, 450 _Victoria regia_, 668 Villars on _Draba verna_, 49 Vilmorin, 570, 607, 612, 622, 661, 662, 773, 775, 776; 792, 795, 796, 797, 806, 807, 810, 813, 818, 820 Vilmorin, Louis de, 72, 92, 93, 97, 108, 109, 110, 114, 185, 818 Vilmorin, Messrs., 322 _Vinca_, 242, 490 _minor_, 322 Vine, parsley-leaved, 179 _Viola_, 126, 546, 547, 692 _agrestis_, 45 _alpestris_, 40 _altaica_, 39 _anopetala_, 44 _arvensis_, 39, 40, 41, 44 _curtisepala_, 45 _striolata_, 45 _aurobadia_, 44 _caloarata_, 39 _cornuta_, 39, 281 _lutea_, 38 _lutescens_, 44 _nemausensis_, 45 _ornatissima_, 44 _palescens_, 45 _patens_, 45 _roseola_, 44 _segetatis_, 45 _stenochila_, 41 _tricolor_, 38, 40, 41, 44, 46 _ammotropha_, 41 _coniophila_, 41 _genuina_, 42 _versicolor_, 42 Violets, 63, 232, 233, 490 Violet, dame's, 322, 323, 411 long-spurred, 281 Virgil, 105, 106, 108 _Viscaria oculata_, 4, 648, 821 twisted variety, 408 _Vitis_, 52 Volckamer, 228 Von Lochow, 821, 822, 822 Von Rumker, 94 Von Wettstein, 448, 805 Vrolik, 164, 483

W

"Waare Oeffeninge der Planten" (Munting), 490 Wallace, 5, 7, 8, 30, 205 Wall-flower, 370, 371 Walnut, 243, 766 cut-leaved, 616 one-bladed, 666 Water-lilies, 668 Weber, 228 Weeping-willow, 180 crisped, 181 Weigelias, 740 _Wellingtonia_, 618 Wheat, 96, 98, 105, 113, 119, 283, 810, 823 bearded, 98 "Blue-stem," 117 "Galland," 100, 207 "Hopetown," 112, 112 "Hunter's," 111, 112 "Minnesota No. 169," 117 "Mungoswell's," 110, 111 "Pedigree," 109 "Pringle's," 114 "Rivett's bearded," 207 "Sheriff's bearded red," 114 "Sheriff's bearded white," 114 "White Hunter's," 112 Wheat-ear carnation, 227 White, C.A., 656, 657 White varieties, 577 Whitlow-grasses, 63, 118, 119 Whorls, ternate, 684 Wild sage (see Salvia) Willdenow, 468, 666, 667 Williamson, 491 Willows, 135, 267 Willow weeping (see Weeping-Willow) Willow-herb, 268, 269, 682 Wintercress, 427 Wintergreen, 661 Wittmack, 682 Wittrock, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 Wooton, E.O., 140 Wormseed, 638

X

_Xanthium canadense_, 140 _commune_, 140, 152, 591 _commune Wootoni_, 22 Wootoni, 140, 152, 591

Y

Yarrow, 131, 132 Yew, 136, 169 pyramidal, 618

Z

_Zea Mays cryptosperma_, 641 _tunicata_, 641 _Zinnia_, 490 Zioberg, 466 Zocher & Co., 230