Society: Its Origin and Development

1. =Man and His Social Relations.=--A study of society starts with the obvious fact that human beings live together. The hermit is abnormal. However far back we go in the proces...

19. =Temporary Groups.=--A study of the organization and development of social life is mainly a study of the mental and physical activities of individuals associated in permanen...

28. =The Fundamental Importance of the Family.=--Social life can be understood best by taking the simplest organized group of human beings and analyzing its activities, its orga...

33. =How the Family Came to Be.=--The modern family among civilized peoples is based almost universally on the union of one man and one woman. There is good reason to believe th...

42. =The Story of the Home.=--Marriage is the gateway of the home; the home is the shelter of the family. It is the cradle of children, the nursery of mutual affection, and the...

47. =Children Complete the Home.=--If the legend of the Pied Piper of Hameln should come true and all the children should run away from home, or if by some strange stroke of for...

55. =Child Labor and Its Effects.=--Excessive child labor away from home is one of the evils that has called for reform more than the lack of employment. The child has a right t...

64. =The Economic Function of the Home.=--Up to this point the domestic function of the family has been under consideration. Marriage and parenthood must hold first place, becau...

72. =Causes of Changes in the Family.=--The family at the present time is in a transition era. Its machinery is not working smoothly. Its environment is undergoing transformatio...

78. =The Main Facts About Divorce.=--An indication of the emphasis on individual rights is furnished by the increase of divorce, especially in the United States, where the deman...

85. =Sexual Impurity.=--A prime factor in the breaking up of the home is sexual impurity. The sex passion, an elemental instinct of humanity, is sanctified by the marriage relat...

93. =Social Characteristics Illustrated by the Family.=--A study of the family such as has been made illustrates the characteristics of social life that were noted in the introd...

97. =Broadening the Horizon.=--Out of the kindergarten of the home the child graduates into the larger school of the community. Thus far through his early years the child's envi...

104. =Physical Types.=--To understand the continually changing rural life of the present, it is necessary to examine into the physical characteristics of the country districts,...

109. =Rural Occupations.=--An important part of the study of the rural community is its social functions. These do not differ greatly in name from the functions of the family, b...

114. =Recreation and Culture.=--Besides the economic function the community has recreative and cultural functions to perform, and these need recognition and improvement. As the...

121. =The Complexity of Social Life.=--Closely allied to the agencies of recreation are the institutions that promote sociability and incidentally provide means of culture. It i...

126. =The School as a Social Institution.=--There is one institution in every American community that stands as the gateway into the promised land of a richer life. This is the...

132. =Nature Study in the New Rural School.=--In striking contrast to such a defective rural institution as has been presented is the new rural school and the country-life movem...

142. =The Necessity of Government.=--Institutions of recreation and culture are in most cases the voluntary creation of local groups of individuals, except as the state has adop...

151. =Health and Beauty in the Community.=--Rural government formerly limited its range of activity to political and economic concerns. The individualism of Americans resented t...

157. =Social Disease and Its Causes.=--Rural morals are a phase of the public health of the community. Immorality is a kind of social disease, for which the community needs to f...

162. =The Value of the Rural Church.=--Of all the local institutions of the rural community, none is so discouraging and at the same time so potential for usefulness as the coun...

169. =A New Type of Institution.=--The rural community everywhere is in need of a new social institution. Those which exist have been individualistic in purpose and method and o...

177. =Enlarging the Social Environment.=--In the story of the family and the rural community it has become clear that the normal individual as he grows to maturity lives in an e...

186. =Preponderance of Economic Interests.=--Such a social centre as the city has several functions to perform for its inhabitants. Though primarily concerned with business, the...

192. =What It Means.=--The industrial problem as a whole is a problem of adjusting the relations of employer and employee to each other and to the rapidly changing age in the mi...

207. =Mercantile Exchange.=--Important as is the manufacturing industry in the life of the city, it is only a part of the economic activity that is continually going on in its s...

218. =Economic vs. Social Values.=--Economic interests may receive first attention in the city, but the work that is done is of less importance than the people who work. Things...

228. =The Immigrant Problem.=--An increasing proportion of the city's population is foreign born or of foreign parentage. For a hundred years America has been the goal of the Eu...

238. =In Europe.=--A large proportion of the immigrants from Europe have been peasants who have come out of rural villages to find a home in the barracks of American cities. In...

247. =The Demand for Recreation.=--The natural instinct for recreation is felt by the working people in common with persons of every class. They cannot afford to spend on the gr...

259. =The Problem of Crime.=--Habitual self-indulgence is at odds with the idea of social control. The man who resents interference with his diversions and pleasures is disposed...

269. =Characteristics of City Government.=--The activities and associations of such large groups as the people who live in cities must be under social control. It is a principle...

278. =The Fact of Misery.=--A brief study of the conditions in which a city's toilers live and work and play makes it plain that the people have to contend with numerous difficu...

285. =The Impulse to Charity.=--The first impulse that stirs a person who sees another in want is immediately to relieve the want. This impulse to charity makes public begging p...

292. =The Schools of the City.=--An important function of city government and of other institutions is the education of the people who make their home in the city or come to it...

301. =The Place of the Church in the Urban Community.=--In the city, as in the country, the religious instinct expresses itself socially through the institution of the church or...

308. =Experimenting in the Mass.=--The modern city is a gigantic social experiment. Never before have so many people crowded together, never has there been such a close interloc...

314. =Questions of the Larger Group.=--In any study of social life we have to find a place for larger groups than the family and the neighborhood or even the city. There are nat...

319. =The Reality of the Nation.=--Ordinarily the individual is not pressed upon heavily by his national relationships. He is conscious of them as he reads the newspaper or goes...

329. =The State and Its Sovereignty.=--The various economic and social functions that are exercised by the people as a nation can be performed in an orderly and effective way on...

341. =Government as the Advance Agent of Prosperity.=--It is common philosophy that society owes every man a living, and it seems to be a common belief that the government owes...

349. =The New World Life.=--The social life that started in the family has broadened until it has circled the globe. It is possible now to speak in terms of world life. The inte...

358. =Constant Factors in Social Phenomena.=--Our study of social life has made it plain that it is a complex affair, but it has been possible to classify society in certain gro...

366. =The Social Mind.=--As individual life is compounded of many psychic elements that make up one mind, so the life of every group involves various factors of a psychic nature...

377. =Theories of Social Order and Efficiency.=--Out of social experience and social study have emerged certain theories of social order and efficiency which have received marke...

384. =Sociology vs. Social Philosophy.=--Sociology is one of the recent sciences. It had to wait for the scientific method of exact investigation and the scientific principle of...