Part 2

Still working to the Eastward we come to the land the ancient land of Iohn China-man, a land of small bowls & jade mouthpieces & _water pipes_ in the shops for the inveigling of undecided customers and for the more definite explanation of small bowls the full sizes are now traced here for reference..—Diams.

The Pipes of _Corea_ have longer stems & the Bowls are flatter as shewn & they are brass..

OPIUM

This is a serious matter to approach especially as it has a very bad character—and has been black balled all round & generally tabooed. After careful research & unbiased study of its merits & demerits we must confess that it is unduly maligned, as the most useful of Colonists, The Chinese, work in all the hottest & most unhealthy parts of the world. & are generally very healthy which may be attributed to the _moderate use_ of the so called Demon =OPIUM=. The largest employers of Chinese labour never object to the use of it & It is made from the White Poppy. “_PAPAYER SOMNIFERUM_.”

JAPAN.

This most delightful country with its kindly inhabitants are great Smokers in a small measure if the regulation size of the generally used bowl be taken as a standard. Many people fancy that the little Jap. bowls the real size being thus.—are used for Opium—not at all. The Tobacco they use is very light in Colour & very fine cut indeed. The full size of the general pipe is given on the opposite page at the foot. Their Tobacco pouchs are very artistically worked & ornamented their Pipe cases suspended from the Girdle by carefully carved “_NITSUKES_” are lovely.

BORNEO.

It always adds very greatly to the value & interest of any object for a collection if it has been well used & especially if acquired from the original owner when using it. Such was the Case with the specimen of _Dyak Pipe_ & Tobacco Box now given. The Bamboo stem is rather large according to our idea in proportion to the Bowl. The Dyak is equal to the occasion & regulates the draft by putting dry grass therein. The wooden Bowl is very small. The wire at the side is to slip into his girdle. The Tobacco Box is a very rich brown, the outer skin of the Bamboo being Cut away to shew the pattern.

SUMATRA.

The Iava museum at Batavia is a grand collection & one of the most instructive from the care with which it has formed & the admirable Catalogue well compiled. _SUMATRA_ is of course well represented: The ACHEEN section a little thin. & the large brass pipes from _Batak-landen_ are very welcome. The British Museum has one a little longer than the Iava specimen. The Pin cushion arrangement on the wooden Bowl for the Pricker to be stuck into is very original & the steel at the end of the pipe is original also.

AUSTRALIA. NOV. HOLL.

NEW HOLLAND, aborigines have not been found worshippers of the Goddess “NICOTINA” altho a sort of Wild tobacco was discovered near Port Jackson.—The European cutty came in with the Gold Digger & this plug Tobacco—in vain have we sought a native Pipe but we have one now before us adapting Nature’s work to a new use for man’s convenience. _The EMU_ (Dromæus. NOVIÆ HOLLANDIÆ.) is requisitioned & Heathen Chinee or more likely MALAY—has produced the Smoking apparatus on the opposite page.

New ZEALAND.

Pipes seem to be a general register of the art of the Country in which they are made and in this case it is especially useful at a transition period like the present as when this class of ornamentation is fast passing away. This carved work on the basis of a real Briar structure assumes a new type—below the carving—as it goes off as a spike to stick into the ground like a linstock of old with the match ever ready & burning. The wood of this example is very hard & takes therefore a splendid polish, again “The British museum” has saved a good specimen.

NEW GUINEA.

Bamboo is the material now in vogue and the mouth piece is cunningly arranged by making a small hole at the joint for the draught & bore. The Tobacco tube which cannot be called a bowl but rather a cigar or cigarette holder is always at right angles to the thick stem which averages 14^{in} & 15^{in.} in length. The ornamentation like that of “CHINAM” cases is very delicate & refined. The South Pacific affords us a shell pipe and from _SAVO_ & the _SOLOMON ISLANDS._ we have a very simple contribution one would have expected colour from them certainly as well as from New Guinea

SOUTH AMERICA

& Paraguay River.

The Spanish influence in South America has not been likely to contribute to the developement of Pipe smoking, but we find native specimens of considerable interest Beginning from the South in Magellan Straits. The _Patagonians._ use the small short form which was in Mr. Braggs collection above that is quite a new feature a square pipe of 13^{in.} in length used on Great State occasions—the sides ornamented with a Key pattern & steps as on HUACA · POTTERY in Peru. The large Bowl with small bone mouth piece is from River _UCAYALI · Peru._ & Fish tail of wood is from MATACO Indians. _GRAN·CHACA_

NORTH AMERICA.

We have now come round to the original home of Tobacco & smoking: to the Land of the “CALUMET of PEACE” & the “_TOMAHAWK PIPE_” & where Sir Iohn Hawkins & Raleigh. Drake first saw the “Weed” in use. The despisers of the “Weed” may chuckle may they hear the old Proverb “that ill Weeds grow apace” for it has grown & must be very infectious nor is there any falling off for “Steamers” go & there The Goddess NICOTINA will surely take root such is the experience up to the present time—

N. AMERICA.

There is hardly room to do justice to a good north American “Pipe of Peace” on these small pages but those who are really interested in the Pipe customs & functions of the Indian tribes will derive much pleasure & information too from consulting “CATLINs” works on those subjects. The best pipes have flat stems much ornamented & the Bowls of elaborate design are very quaint & original the simpler ones are red the more curious in a dark slate & a kind of green stone. The British museum has naturally a very fine collection of all the varieties of both materials—.

N·AMERICA

The Indian graves have supplied specimens of very great antiquity from all parts of N. America and a fine collection of _MOUND PIPES_ was presented some years ago to the City of Salisbury. Those on the opposite page will give a general idea of the character of these real antiquities in which the bird is a prominent object probably some sacred Bird—in vogue amongst the tribe at the time they were made but we must not surmise “FACTA” “non Verba” is true ARCHÆOLOGY.

N. AMERICA.

Stone pipes still predominate & the upper one from South Carolina has a new form with a cut-water or fore-foot suggestive that it should be held by that part when being smoked.

The “NOOTKA SOUND” example is another variety & to our modern eye w^{d.} appear to have been designed by a carpenter still the bowl itself carries a decidedly modern impress The modern N. American pipes are most carved in Slate and some are quite processional in design and length.

ARCTIC PIPES

& LAPLAND.

In this part of the world there is not much material for the making of Pipes for the only wood is generally brought up by the kindly Gulf Stream from the West Indies even to NOVA ZEMBLA still the sparse Inhabitants fall back on the tooth of the “_Walrus_” & very comely looking pipes are the result. The Laplanders pipe is generally made of thin iron which may be accounted for by the proximity of the once very famous “_SWEDISH_” Iron.

IGNITION.

BORNEO.

After the Tobacco, & the Pipes, very naturally occurs the Question as to getting a Light. The friction of Two dry pieces of Wood is the most primitive method still in vogue where modern methods are still unknown and the light “HIBISCUS” wood is the easiest of all to obtain fire from but in _BORNEO_. The Dyaks of the _KYAN tribe_ are most scientific they produced it by compressed air & do still & we only know of two other places _SUMATRA_ & the North of _BURMAH_ where this method is known & in use.

S. AMERICA.

“MACHEROS” FLINT & STEEL.

Doubtless, The Spaniards carried with them all through their Conquests of S. AMERICA their “MACHEROS” which is a tube to carry the match. To the tube is generally attached a chain leading to a hook which the top pulls out with the match for the purpose of lighting with the _flint & steel_. Some 50 years ago the Peruvian & Chilian Ladies worked very beautiful match with Lace let in. Some MACHEROS were of Gold, some of Silver. In _India_ they are larger and are called “_RAMASWAMI_.”

THE ANTEPENULTIMATE of IGNITION.

The Flint & Tinder Pistol combination was a very great advance when first introduced, striking a light in the dark with a Flint & steel is not easy & all who have tried will say so, then the old Brimstone flat matches were odorous, next we had French “Amadou” & a match like a walking stick topped with Brimstone explosive matter, then smaller ones followed by “TANDSTIKERS” & now hand in hand “VESUVIANS” of the delightful Wax “VESTAS.”