Category: History - Other

Sketches of Reforms and Reformers, of Great Britain and Ireland

Catholic Emancipation--Antiquity and Power of the Papal Church--Treaty of Limerick--Catholic Penal Code of Ireland--Opinions of Penn, Montesquieu, Burke, and Blackstone, concerning it--Its Amelioration--Catholic Association of 1823--The Hour and the Man--Daniel O'Connell elect...

Chapters

49. CHAPTER XX.

British India--Clive and Hastings--East India Company--Its Oppressions and Extortions--Land Tax--Monopolies--Forced Labor and Purveyance--Taxes on Idolatry--Amount of Revenue Ex...

45. CHAPTER XVI.

In connection with the passage of the Reform bill, it is proper to notice one of the foremost Englishmen of this century--HENRY BROUGHAM. Nothing strikes one more forcibly in th...

43. CHAPTER XIV.

Movements toward Parliamentary Reform--John Cartwright--The Father of Parliamentary Reform--His Account of the Trials of Hardy and Tooke--Lord Byron's Eulogium of him--His Opini...

64. CHAPTER XXXV.

Further notice will now be taken of the liberal literature of England, after the French revolution. We can enter only on the borders of this large field. Since the modern "reviv...

63. CHAPTER XXXIV.

The Literature of Freedom--The Liberal Literature of England--Periodicals--Edinburgh Review--Its Founders--Its Contributors--Its Standard and Style of Criticism--Its Influence--...

35. CHAPTER VI.

In examining a little further among the statesmen who opposed the continental policy of Mr. Pitt and his successors--though by no means intending to notice all who thus distingu...

47. CHAPTER XVIII.

Abolition of Negro Slavery--Canning's Resolutions of 1823--Insurrection in Demerara--"Missionary Smith's Case"--Immediate Abolition--Elizabeth Heyrick--O'Connell--Brougham's Cel...

42. CHAPTER XIII.

Catholic Emancipation--Antiquity and Power of the Papal Church--Treaty of Limerick--Catholic Penal Code of Ireland--Opinions of Penn, Montesquieu, Burke, and Blackstone, concern...

48. CHAPTER XIX.

Notices of some Prominent Abolitionists--T. Fowell Buxton--Zachary Macaulay--Joseph Sturge--William Allen--James Cropper--Joseph and Samuel Gurney--George William Alexander--Tho...

55. CHAPTER XXVI.

National Debt of Great Britain--Lavish Expenditures of the Government--Its Enormous Taxes--Will the Debt be Repudiated?--Will it Occasion a Revolution?--Plan of Mr. Ricardo to p...

44. CHAPTER XV.

Parliamentary Reform--Old House of Commons--Rotten Boroughs--Old Sarum--French Revolution of 1830--Rally for Reform--Wellington Resigns--Grey in Power--Ministerial Bill Defeated...

36. CHAPTER VII.

In tracing the foreign policy of Pitt, we have been led beyond the period of the great philanthropic achievement of 1806-7--the Abolition of the African Slave Trade. I shall not...

37. CHAPTER VIII.

The father of Modern Law Reform was JEREMY BENTHAM. This singular person has been often sneered at by Americans, who knew nothing of him or his writings, except that he lived so...

62. CHAPTER XXXIII.

It would do injustice to my own feelings and the facts of history, to leave it to be inferred, from my silence, that the Women of England have not furnished some of the brightes...

31. CHAPTER II.

Before specially considering any one prominent Reform in English history, a general summary of events may be profitable. It will be _but_ a summary, preliminary to a more genera...

58. CHAPTER XXIX.

The poetic, fancy view of Ireland is a mountain nymph, with flowing garments, wavy ringlets, glowing countenance, enrapt eye, and Venus-like fingers, thrilling the strings of a...

57. CHAPTER XXVIII.

FEARGUS O'CONNOR has been styled "The Great Chartist Leader." In advocating the cause, he has suffered for his imprudences, if not for his principles. He is made up in about equ...

34. CHAPTER V.

In determining whether the policy which Pitt and his successors pursued towards France, from 1792 to 1815, was wise for England and beneficial to Europe, an American republican...

33. CHAPTER IV

I took occasion in the last chapter to speak at some length of the trials of Tooke, Hardy, and others, for high treason, in 1794, and of the successful attack then made by Mr. E...

59. CHAPTER XXX.

Every page of Ireland's history during the present century bears the name of DANIEL O'CONNELL. In many important respects he is the greatest of Irishmen. He occupied a first pla...

32. CHAPTER III

The first conflict between Englishmen and their rulers, to which I will now more particularly refer, is the sedition and treason trials, near the close of the last century; more...

51. CHAPTER XXII.

Disruption of the State Church of Scotland--Its Causes--The Veto Act of the Assembly of 1834--Mr. Young Presented to the Church of Auchterarder--Is Vetoed by the Communicants an...

53. CHAPTER XXIV.

The Corn Laws--Their Character and Policy--Origin of the Anti-Corn-Law Movement--Adam Smith--Mr. Cobden--"Anti-Corn-Law Parliament"--Mr. Villier's Motion in the House of Commons...

39. CHAPTER X.

On the death of Romilly, the leadership in the reformation of the criminal code devolved on Sir JAMES MACKINTOSH. At the election just before his decease, the liberal party larg...

41. CHAPTER XII.

Before specially considering Catholic Emancipation, I will notice two or three persons who participated in the long struggle which prepared the way for this great measure of rel...

54. CHAPTER XXV.

The seasonable organization, steady progress, and signal triumph of The National Anti-Corn-Law League are attributable in a very large degree to the sagacity, ability, and coura...

38. CHAPTER IX.

The earliest mouth piece of Jeremy Bentham in Parliament, and his "middleman" with the public, was Sir SAMUEL ROMILLY. This accomplished lawyer, from the period he entered Parli...

56. CHAPTER XXVII.

Defects of the Reform Bill--Origin of Chartism--The "People's Charter" Promulgated in 1838--The Riots of 1839 and 1842--The Vengeance of the Government falls on O'Connor, Lovett...

40. CHAPTER XI.

For centuries it was a settled maxim in England, that the only sure way to convert a heretic was to put him to death. All dominant sects have been persecutors in their turn. The...

50. CHAPTER XXI.

Cheap Postage--Rowland Hill--His Plan Proposed in 1837--Comparison of the Old and New Systems--Joshua Leavitt--Money-Orders, Stamps, and Envelopes--The Free Delivery--London Dis...

30. CHAPTER I.

The People of the United States must ever be interested in the history of Great Britain. We have a common origin, and an identity of language; we hold similar religious opinions...

52. CHAPTER XXIII.

The King is the "Supreme Head of the Church," and appoints, through the chapters, the bishops, besides a great number of lesser dignitaries. The bishops license and ordain the i...

46. CHAPTER XVII.

Charles, Earl Grey--Advocates Abolition of the Slave Trade--His Rise to Power--His Aid in Carrying the Reform Bill--Sydney Smith's Eulogy--His Two Great Measures, Parliamentary...

60. CHAPTER XXXI

The 10th of April, 1838, begun a new era in this philanthropic enterprise. On that day, Rev. THEOBALD MATHEW signed the pledge, took the lead of the Cork Temperance Society, and...

61. CHAPTER XXXII

At the present hour, about two millions of Europeans, in the prime of manhood, are withdrawn from the arts of peace, to bear the sword and the musket, and hold themselves ready,...

65. CHAPTER XXXVI.

In the foregoing chapters, I have endeavored to trace the rise and progress of the GREAT BRITISH PARTY OF REFORM, which, adopting such changes in principle and policy as experie...

20. CHAPTER XXIV.

The Corn Laws--Their Character and Policy--Origin of the Anti-Corn-Law Movement--Adam Smith--Mr. Cobden--"Anti-Corn-Law Parliament"--Mr. Villier's Motion in the House of Commons...

11. CHAPTER XIV.

Movements toward Parliamentary Reform--John Cartwright--The Father of Parliamentary Reform--His Account of the Trials of Hardy and Tooke--Lord Byron's Eulogium of him--His Opini...

28. CHAPTER XXXIV.

The Literature of Freedom--The Liberal Literature of England--Periodicals--Edinburgh Review--Its Founders--Its Contributors--Its Standard and Style of Criticism--Its Influence--...

16. CHAPTER XX

British India--Clive and Hastings--East India Company--Its Oppressions and Extortions--Land Tax--Monopolies--Forced Labor and Purveyance--Taxes on Idolatry--Amount of Revenue Ex...

10. CHAPTER XIII.

Catholic Emancipation--Antiquity and Power of the Papal Church--Treaty of Limerick--Catholic Penal Code of Ireland--Opinions of Penn, Montesquieu, Burke, and Blackstone, concern...

23. CHAPTER XXVII.

Defects of the Reform Bill--Origin of Chartism--The "People's Charter" Promulgated in 1838--The Riots of 1839 and 1842--The Vengeance of the Government falls on O'Connor, Lovett...

18. CHAPTER XXII.

Disruption of the State Church of Scotland--Its Causes--The Veto Act of the Assembly of 1834--Mr. Young Presented to the Church of Auchterarder--Is Vetoed by the Communicants an...

12. CHAPTER XV.

Parliamentary Reform--Old House of Commons--Rotten Boroughs--Old Sarum--French Revolution of 1830--Rally for Reform--Wellington Resigns--Grey in Power--Ministerial Bill Defeated...

14. CHAPTER XVIII.

Abolition of Negro Slavery--Canning's Resolutions of 1823--Insurrection in Demerara--"Missionary Smith's Case"--Immediate Abolition--Elizabeth Heyrick--O'Connell--Brougham's Cel...

13. CHAPTER XVII.

Charles, Earl Grey--Advocates Abolition of the Slave Trade--His Rise to Power--His Aid in Carrying the Reform Bill--Sydney Smith's Eulogy--His Two Great Measures, Parliamentary...

15. CHAPTER XIX.

Notices of some Prominent Abolitionists--T. Fowell Buxton--Zachary Macaulay--Joseph Sturge--William Allen--James Cropper--Joseph and Samuel Gurney--George William Alexander--Tho...

22. CHAPTER XXVI.

National Debt of Great Britain--Lavish Expenditures of the Government--Its Enormous Taxes--Will the Debt be Repudiated?--Will it Occasion a Revolution?--Plan of Mr. Ricardo to P...

17. CHAPTER XXI.

Cheap Postage--Rowland Hill--His Plan Proposed in 1837--Comparison of the Old and New Systems--Joshua Leavitt--Money-Orders, Stamps, and Envelopes--The Free Delivery--London Dis...

1. CHAPTER II.

8. CHAPTER XI.

7. CHAPTER X.

29. CHAPTER XXXV.

4. CHAPTER V.

5. CHAPTER VIII.

9. CHAPTER XII.

19. CHAPTER XXIII.

21. CHAPTER XXV.

6. CHAPTER IX.

25. CHAPTER XXIX.

3. CHAPTER IV.

26. CHAPTER XXXII.

24. CHAPTER XXVIII.

27. CHAPTER XXXIII.

2. CHAPTER III.