Sir Ian Hamilton's Despatches from the Dardanelles, etc.

Part 7

Chapter 73,647 wordsPublic domain

Commander Unwin, seeing how things were going, left the _River Clyde_ and, standing up to his waist in water under a very heavy fire, got the lighters into position; he was assisted in this work by Midshipman G. L. Drewry, R.N.R., of H.M.S. _Hussar_; Midshipman W. St. A. Malleson, R.N., of H.M.S. _Cornwallis_; Able Seaman W. C. Williams, O.N. 186774 (R.F.R. B. 3766), and Seaman R.N.R. George McKenzie Samson, O.N. 2408A, both of H.M.S. _Hussar_.

The bridge to the shore, though now passable, could not be used by the troops, anyone appearing on it being instantly shot down, and the men in _River Clyde_ remained in her till nightfall.

At 9.50 a.m. _Albion_ sent in launch and pinnace manned by volunteer crews to assist in completing bridge, which did not quite reach beach; these boats, however, could not be got into position until dark owing to heavy fire.

It had already been decided not to continue to disembark on V beach, and all other troops intended for this beach were diverted to W.

The position remained unchanged on V beach throughout the day, men of war and the maxims mounted in _River Clyde_ doing their utmost to keep down the fire directed on the men under partial shelter on the beach.

During this period many heroic deeds were performed in rescuing wounded men in the water.

During the night of the 25-26 the troops in _River Clyde_ were able to disembark under cover of darkness and obtain some shelter on the beach and in the village of Seddul Bahr, for possession of which now commenced a most stubborn fight.

H.M.S. "ALBION'S" GUNFIRE

The fight continued, supported ably by gunfire from H.M.S. _Albion_, until 1.24 p.m., when our troops had gained a position from which they assaulted Hill 141, which dominated the situation. _Albion_ then ceased fire, and the hill, with old fort on top, was most gallantly stormed by the troops, led by Lieutenant-Colonel C. H. H. Doughty-Wylie, General Staff, who fell as the position was won. The taking of this hill effectively cleared the enemy from the neighbourhood of the V beach, which could now be used for the disembarkation of the allied armies. The capture of this beach called for a display of the utmost gallantry and perseverance from the officers and men of both services--that they successfully accomplished their task bordered on the miraculous.

FRENCH LANDING

_Landing on the "Camber," Seddul Bahr._--One half company Royal Dublin Fusiliers landed here, without opposition, the _Camber_ being "dead ground." The advance from the _Camber_, however, was only possible on a narrow front, and after several attempts to enter the village of Seddul Bahr this half company had to withdraw after suffering heavy losses.

_Landing at "De Totts" S Beach._--The 2nd South Wales Borderers (less one company) and a detachment 2nd London Field Company R.E. were landed in boats, convoyed by _Cornwallis_, and covered by that ship and _Lord Nelson_.

Little opposition was encountered, and the hill was soon in the possession of the South Wales Borderers. The enemy attacked this position on the evening of the 25th and during the 26th, but our troops were firmly established and with the assistance of the covering ships all attacks were easily beaten off.

_Landing at Kum Kale._--The landing here was undertaken by the French.

It was most important to prevent the enemy occupying positions in this neighbourhood, whence he could bring gun fire to bear on the transports off Cape Helles. It was also hoped that by holding this position it would be possible to deal effectively with the enemy's guns on the Asiatic shore immediately east of Kum Kale, which could fire into Seddul Bahr and De Totts.

The French, after a heavy preliminary bombardment, commenced to land at about 10 a.m., and by the afternoon the whole of their force had been landed at Kum Kale. When they attempted to advance to Yeni Shehr, their immediate objective, they were met by heavy fire from well-concealed trenches, and were held up just south of Kum Kale village.

During the night of the 25th and 26th the enemy made several counter-attacks, all of which were easily driven off; during one of these 400 Turks were captured, their retreat being cut-off by the fire from the battleships.

On the 26th, when it became apparent that no advance was possible without entailing severe losses and the landing of large reinforcements, the order was given for the French to withdraw and re-embark, which operation was carried out without serious opposition.

CO-OPERATION OF ALLIES

I now propose to make the following more general remarks on the conduct of the operations:

From the very first the co-operation between Army and Navy was most happy; difficulties which arose were quickly surmounted, and nothing could have exceeded the tactfulness and forethought of Sir Ian Hamilton and his staff.

The loyal support which I received from Contre-Amiral E. P. A. Guepratte simplified the task of landing the Allied armies simultaneously.

RUSSIAN FLEET REPRESENTED

The Russian fleet was represented by H.I.R.M.S. _Askold_, which ship was attached to the French squadron. Contre-Amiral Guepratte bears testimony to the value of the support he received from Captain Ivanoff, especially during the landing and re-embarkation of the French troops at Kum Kale.

The detailed organization of the landing could not be commenced until the Army Head-quarters returned from Egypt on April 10. The work to be done was very great, and the naval personnel and material available small.

Immediately on the arrival of the Army Staff at Mudros, committees, composed of officers of both services, commenced to work out the details of the landing operations, and it was due to these officers' indefatigable efforts that the expedition was ready to land on April 22. The keenness displayed by the officers and men resulted in a good standard of efficiency, especially in the case of the Australian and New Zealand Corps, who appear to be natural boatmen.

CONTEMPT FOR DEATH

Such actions as the storming of the Seddul Bahr position by the 29th Division must live in history for ever; innumerable deeds of heroism and daring were performed; the gallantry and absolute contempt for death displayed alone made the operations possible.

At Gaba Tepe the landing and the dash of the Australian Brigade for the cliffs was magnificent--nothing could stop such men. The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps in this, their first battle, set a standard as high as that of any army in history, and one of which their countrymen have every reason to be proud.

In closing this despatch I beg to bring to their Lordships' notice the names of certain officers and men who have performed meritorious service. The great traditions of His Majesty's Navy were well maintained, and the list of names submitted of necessity lacks those of many officers and men who performed gallant deeds unobserved and therefore unnoted. This standard was high, and if I specially mention one particular action it is that of Commander Unwin and the two young officers and two seamen who assisted him in the work of establishing communication between _River Clyde_ and the beach. Rear-Admirals R. E. Wemyss, C.M.G., M.V.O., C. F. Thursby, C.M.G., and Stuart Nicholson, M.V.O., have rendered invaluable service. Throughout they have been indefatigable in their efforts to further the success of the operations, and their loyal support has much lightened my duties and responsibilities.

I have at all times received the most loyal support from the Commanding Officers of His Majesty's ships during an operation which called for the display of great initiative and seamanship.

Captain R. F. Phillimore, C.B., M.V.O., A.D.C., as principal Beach Master, and Captain D. L. Dent, as principal Naval Transport Officer, performed most valuable service.

HEROIC LABOURS

COMMANDER UNWIN AND HIS MIDSHIPMEN

Commander EDWARD UNWIN, R.N.

While in _River Clyde_, observing that the lighters which were to form the bridge to the shore had broken adrift, Commander Unwin left the ship and under a murderous fire attempted to get the lighters into position. He worked on until, suffering from the effects of cold and immersion, he was obliged to return to the ship, where he was wrapped up in blankets. Having in some degree recovered, he returned to his work against the doctor's order and completed it. He was later again attended by the doctor, for three abrasions caused by bullets, after which he once more left the ship, this time in a lifeboat, to save some wounded men who were lying in shallow water near the beach. He continued at this heroic labour under continuous fire, until forced to stop through pure physical exhaustion.

Midshipman GEORGE L. DREWRY, R.N.R.

Assisted Commander Unwin at the work of securing the lighters under heavy rifle and maxim fire. He was wounded in the head, but continued his work and twice subsequently attempted to swim from lighter to lighter with a line.

Midshipman WILFRED ST. A. MALLESON, R.N.

Also assisted Commander Unwin, and after Midshipman Drewry had failed from exhaustion to get a line from lighter to lighter, he swam with it himself and succeeded. The line subsequently broke, and he afterwards made two further but unsuccessful attempts at his self-imposed task.

Able Seaman WILLIAM CHAS. WILLIAMS, O.N. 186774 (R.F.R. B.3766).

Held on to a line in the water for over an hour under heavy fire, until killed.

Seaman R.N.R. GEORGE MCKENZIE SAMSON, O.N. 2408A.

Worked on a lighter all day under fire, attending wounded and getting out lines; he was eventually dangerously wounded by maxim fire.

Lieut.-Commander RALPH B. JANVRIN, R.N.

Conducted the trawlers into Morto Bay, for the landing at "De Totts," with much skill.

This officer showed great judgment and coolness under fire, and carried out a difficult task with great success.

Lieut. JOHN A. V. MORSE, R.N.

Assisted to secure the lighters at the bows of the _River Clyde_ under a heavy fire, and was very active throughout the 25th and 26th at V beach.

Surgeon P. B. KELLY, R.N., Attached To R.N.A.S.

Was wounded in the foot on the morning of the 25th in _River Clyde_. He remained in _River Clyde_ until morning of 27th, during which time he attended 750 wounded men, although in great pain and unable to walk during the last twenty-four hours.

Lieut.-Commander ADRIAN ST. V. KEYES, R.N.

General Sir Ian Hamilton reports as follows: "Lieut.-Commander Keyes showed great coolness, gallantry, and ability. The success of the landing on Y beach was largely due to his good services. When circumstances compelled the force landed there to re-embark, this officer showed exceptional resource and leadership, successfully conducting that difficult operation."

I entirely concur in General Hamilton's opinion of this officer's services on April 25 and 26.

Commander WILLIAM H. COTTRELL, R.N.V.R.

This officer has organized the entire system of land communication; has laid and repaired cables several times under fire; and on all occasions shown zeal, tact, and coolness beyond praise.

Mr. JOHN MURPHY, Boatswain, _Cornwallis_.

Midshipman JOHN SAVILLE METCALF, R.N.R., _Triumph_.

Midshipman RUPERT E. M. BETHUNE, _Inflexible_.

Midshipman ERIC OLOFF DE WET, _London_.

Midshipman CHARLES W. CROXFORD, R.N.R., _Queen_.

Midshipman C. A. L. MANSERGH, _Queen_.

Midshipman ALFRED M. WILLIAMS, _Euryalus_.

Midshipman HUBERT M. WILSON, _Euryalus_.

Midshipman G. F. D. FREER, _Lord Nelson_.

Midshipman R. V. SYMONDS-TAYLOR, _Agamemnon_.

Midshipman C. H. C. MATTHEY, _Queen Elizabeth_.

Lieut. MASSY GOOLDEN, _Prince of Wales_.

Recommended for accelerated promotion:

Mr. CHARLES EDWARD BOUNTON, Gunner, R.N., _Queen Elizabeth_.

The following officers are "Commended for service in action":

Capt. H. A. S. FYLER, _Agamemnon_, Senior Officer inside the Straits.

Capt. A. W. HENEAGE, M.V.O., who organized and trained the mine-sweepers.

Capt. E. K. LORING, Naval Transport Officer, Gabe Tepe.

Capt. H. C. LOCKYER, _Implacable_.

Capt. C. MAXWELL-LEFROY, _Swiftsure_.

Capt. the HON. A. D. E. H. BOYLE, M.V.O., _Bacchante_.

Capt. A. V. VYVYAN, Beach Master, Z beach.

Capt. C. S. TOWNSEND, Beach Master, W beach.

Capt. R. C. K. LAMBERT, Beach Master, V beach.

Commander the HON. L. J. O. LAMBART, _Queen_.

Commander (now Captain) B. ST. G. COLLARD, Assistant Beach Master, W beach.

Commander C. C. DIX, Assistant Beach Master, Z beach.

Commander N. W. DIGGLE, Assistant Beach Master, V beach.

Commander H. L. WATTS-JONES, _Albion_ (acting Captain).

Commander I. W. GIBSON, M.V.O., _Albion_.

Lieut,-Commander (now Commander) J. B. WATERLOW, _Blenheim_.

Lieut.-Commander H. V. COATES, _Implacable_.

Lieut.-Commander E. H. CATER, _Queen Elizabeth_.

Lieut.-Commander G. H. POWNALL, _Adamant_ (killed in action).

Lieut. A. W. BROMLEY, R.N.R., _Euryalus_.

Lieut. H. R. W. TURNOR, _Implacable_.

Lieut. H. F. MINCHIN, _Cornwallis_.

Lieut. OSCAR HENDERSON, _Ribble_.

Lieut. KENNETH EDWARDS, _Lord Nelson_.

Major W. T. C. JONES, D.S.O., R.M.L.I., Beach Master, X beach.

Major W. W. FRANKIS, R.M.L.I., _Cornwallis_.

Tempy. Surgeon W. D. GALLOWAY, _Cornwallis_.

Mr. ALFRED M. MALLETT, Gunner T., _Ribble_.

Mr. JOHN PIPPARD, Boatswain, _Sapphire_.

Midshipman ERIC WHELER BUSH, _Bacchante_.

Midshipman CHARLES D. H. H. DIXON, _Bacchante_.

Midshipman DONALD H. BARTON, _London_.

Midshipman A. W. CLARKE, _Implacable_.

Proby. Midshipman WILLIAMS D. R. HARGREAVES, R.N.R., _Sapphire_.

Midshipman F. E. GARNER, R.N.R., _Triumph_.

Midshipman GEORGE H. MORRIS, R.N.R., _Lord Nelson_.

Midshipman the HON. G. H. E. RUSSELL, _Implacable_.

Midshipman D. S. E. THOMPSON, _Implacable_.

Midshipman W. D. BROWN, _Implacable_.

WORK OF THE DESTROYERS

The work accomplished by the destroyer flotillas fully maintained the high standard they have established in these waters.

On the 25th and 26th _Wolverine_ (Commander O. J. Pretis) (killed in action), _Scorpion_ (Lieut.-Commander (now Commander), A. B. Cunningham), _Renard_ (Lieut.-Commander L. G. B. A. Campbell), _Grampus_ (Lieut.-Commander R. Bacchus), _Pincher_ (Lieut.-Commander H. W. Wyld), and _Rattlesnake_ (Lieut.-Commander P. G. Wodehouse), carried out mine-sweeping operations under Captain Heneage inside the Dardanelles in a most satisfactory manner, being frequently under heavy fire. On the 26th the French sweepers _Henriette_ (Lieut. de Vaisseau Auverny), _Marius Chambon_ (Lieut. de Vaisseau Blanc), and _Camargue_ (Lieut. de Vaisseau Bergeon) assisted them, _Henriette_ doing particularly well.

_Beagle_ (Commander (now Captain) H. R. Godfrey), _Bulldog_ (Lieut.-Commander W. B. Mackenzie), _Scourge_ (Lieut.-Commander H. de B. Tupper), _Foxhound_ (Commander W. G. Howard), _Colne_ (Commander C. Seymour), _Chelmer_ (Lieut.-Commander (now Commander) H. T. England), _Usk_ (Lieut.-Commander W. G. C. Maxwell), and _Ribble_ (Lieut.-Commander R. W. Wilkinson) assisted in the disembarkation at Gaba Tepe.

Rear-Admiral Thursby reports as follows on the work accomplished by these boats:

"The destroyers under Captain C. P. R. Coode (Captain 'D') landed the second part of the covering force with great gallantry and expedition, and it is in my opinion entirely due to the rapidity with which so large a force was thrown on the beach that we were able to establish ourselves there."

I entirely concur in Admiral Thursby's remarks on the good work performed by this division.

PETTY OFFICERS AND MEN

SPECIAL RECOMMENDATIONS

P.O. JOHN HEPBURN RUSSELL, O.N. F.839, of the Royal Naval Air Service, was wounded in gallantly going to Commander Unwin's assistance.

P.O. MECH. GEOFFREY CHARLTON PAINE RUMMINGS, O.N. F.813, Royal Naval Air Service, assisted Commander Unwin in rescuing wounded men.

P.O. SEC. CL. FREDERICK GIBSON, O.N. 191025, R.F.R. B.3829, _Albion_, jumped overboard with a line and got his boat beached to complete bridge from _River Clyde_ to shore. He then took wounded to _River Clyde_ under heavy fire.

Ord. Seaman JESSE LOVELOCK, _Albion_, J.28798, assisted in getting pontoon in position; also helped wounded on beach and in boats to reach _River Clyde_, displaying great gallantry and coolness under fire.

A.B. LEWIS JACOBS, O.N. J.4081, _Lord Nelson_. Took his boat into V beach unaided, after all the remainder of the crew and the troops were killed or wounded. When last seen Jacobs was standing up and endeavouring to pole the cutter to the shore. While thus employed he was killed.

HERBERT J. G. MORRIN, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 236225, _Bacchante_.

ALFRED J. CHATWEN, Ch. Yeo. Signals, O.N. 156109, _Cornwallis_.

ALBERT PLAYFORD, P.O., O.N. 202189, _Cornwallis_.

ARTHUR ROAKE, A.B., O.N. S.S. 1940 (R.F.R. B.88431), _Cornwallis_.

HENRY THOMAS MORRISON, Seaman, R.N.R., O.N. 1495D, _Albion_.

DANIEL ROACH, Seaman, R.N.R., 1685D, _Albion_.

DAVID S. KERR, A.B., O.N. 239816, _Ribble_.

ALBERT BALSON, P.O., O.N. 211943, _Prince of Wales_.

WILLIAM MORGAN, P.O., O.N. 193834, _Prince of Wales_.

JAMES GETSON, Stoker, P.O., O.N. 295438, _London_.

EDWARD L. BARONS, A.B., O.N. J.7775, _London_.

WILLIAM PUTMAN, P.O., O.N. 236783, _Queen_.

ROBERT FLETCHER, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 213297, _Queen_.

SAMUEL FORSEY, A.B., S.S. 2359 (R.F.R. B.4597), _Albion_.

HENRY J. ANSTEAD, Acting C.P.O. 179989, _Implacable_.

KENNETH MUSKETT, Ldg. Seaman, J.1325, _Implacable_.

THOMAS P. ROCHE, Ch. P.O. (Pensioner), O.N. 165533, _Prince George_.

JOHN MAPLE, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 171890 (R.F.R. Chat. B.2658), _Euryalus_.

HENRY WILLIAMS, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 176765 (R.F.R., Chat., B.1326), _Euryalus_.

WILLIAM F. HOFFMAN, A.B., O.N. 195940 (R.F.R., Chat., B.2650), _Euryalus_.

HENRY G. LAW, A.B., O.N. 195366 (R.F.R., Chat., B.8261), _Euryalus_.

HENRY RIDSDALE, Stoker, R.N.R., O.N. 1136U, _Euryalus_.

COLIN MCKECHNIE, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 157509, _Lord Nelson_ (killed).

STANLEY E. CULLUM, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 225791, _Lord Nelson_ (killed).

FREDERICK T. M. HYDE, A.B., O.N. J.21153, _Lord Nelson_ (killed).

WILLIAM E. ROWLAND, A.B., O.N. J.17029, _Lord Nelson_ (wounded).

ALBERT E. BEX, A.B., O.N. J. 17223, _Lord Nelson_ (wounded).

The above men from _Lord Nelson_ were part of boats' crews landing troops on V beach, a service from which few returned.

Commended for service in action:

HARRY E. PALLANT, P.O., O.N. 186521, _Implacable_.

JESSE BONTOFT, P.O., O.N. 193398, _Implacable_.

THOMAS J. TWELLS, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 232269, _Implacable_.

RICHARD MULLIS, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 220072, _Implacable_.

MATTHEW B. KNIGHT, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 230546, _Implacable_.

JOHN E. MAYES, Ldg. Seaman, O.N. 196849 (R.F.R. B.8581), _Implacable_.

WILLIAM J. WHITE, P.O.I., O.N. 142848, _Albion_.

FREDERICK G. BARNES, P.O., O.N. 209085, _Swiftsure_.

HENRY MINTER, P.O., O.N. 163128, _Queen Elizabeth_.

HARRY R. JEFFCOATE, Sgt. R.M.L.I., Ch. 10526, _Cornwallis_.

FRANK E. TROLLOPE, Pte. R.M.L.I., Ch. 19239, _Cornwallis_.

GEORGE BROWN, Ch. P.O., 276085, _Sapphire_.

BERTIE SOLE, Ldg. Seaman, 208019 (R.F.R., B. 10738), _Sapphire_.

CHARLES H. SOPER, Signalman, J.9709, _Sapphire_.

FRANK DAWE, A.B., 231502, _Albion_.

SAMUEL QUICK, Seaman, R.N.R., 3109 B., _Albion_.

JAMES RICE, Seaman, R.N.R., 519 D., _Albion_.

WILLIAM THOMAS, Seaman, R.N.R., 2208 B., _Albion_.

WILLIAM H. KITCHEN, Seaman, R.N.R., 4330 A., _Albion_.

FRANCIS A. SANDERS, A.B., 221315 (R.F.R., Chat., B.8199), _Euryalus_.

WILLIAM F. HICKS, A.B., S.S. 4795, _Euryalus_.

WILLIAM F. HAYWARD, A.B., 235109, _London_.

GEORGE GILBERTSON, A.B., 207941 (R.F.R., B.4910), _London_.

ANDREW HOPE, A.B., S.S. 2837 (R.F.R., B.5847), _London_.

CHARLES A. SMITH, A.B., J.27753, _Lord Nelson_ (wounded).

BASIL BRAZIER, A.B., J.6116, _Lord Nelson_ (wounded).

CHARLES H. SMITH, A.B., J.28377, _Lord Nelson_.

HENRY A. B. GREEN, A.B. 238024, _Lord Nelson_ (wounded).

No officer could have been better served by his staff than I have been during these operations. The energy and resource of my Chief of Staff, Commodore R. J. B. Keyes, was invaluable, and, in combination with Major-General Braithwaite--Chief of the General Staff--he established a most excellent working agreement between the two services.

Captain George P. W. Hope, of _Queen Elizabeth_, acted as my flag captain. His gift of organization was of the greatest assistance in dealing with the mass of details inseparable from an operation of such magnitude.

Commander the Hon. A. R. M. Ramsay has used his sound practical knowledge of gunnery to great advantage in working out, in connection with the military, the details of gunfire from the covering ships.

Captain William W. Godfrey, R.M., a staff officer of great ability, has given me invaluable assistance throughout the operations.

I would also mention my secretary, Mr. Basil F. Hood, Acting Paymaster, and secretarial staff, whose good services under the direction and example of Mr. Edward W. Whittington-Ince, Assistant Paymaster, will form the subject of a later separate report. Also Lieutenant-Commander James F. Sommerville (Fleet Wireless Telegraph Officer), and Flag Lieutenants L. S. Ormsby-Johnson, Hugh S. Bowlby, and Richard H. L. Bevan, who have performed good service in organizing with the military the intercommunication between the Allied Fleets and Armies.

J. M. DE ROBECK, Vice-Admiral. To the Secretary of the Admiralty.

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