Part 4

323. Grazed by sliding cannon: Stupor and amnesia _Lattes_, _Goria_, 1917 444

324. Shell explosions nearby: Emotion and insomnia _Wiltshire_, 1916 445

325. Shell explosion: symptoms after hearing artillery twelve days later _Wiltshire_, 1916 446

326. Exhaustion (heat?): Hyperthyroidism, hemiplegia _Oppenheim_, 1915 447

327. War strain and rheumatism: tremors _Binswanger_, 1915 448

328. Shell explosion; emotion: Fear and dreams _Mott_, 1916 451

329. Under fire; barbed wire work: tremors and sensory symptoms _Myers_, 1916 452

330. Shell explosion: Emotional crises; twice recurrent mutism _Mairet_, _Piéron_, _Bouzansky_, 1915 453

331. Shell explosion: Emotional crises (fright at a frog) _Claude_, _Dide_, _Lejonne_, 1916 455

332. War strain; wound; burials; shell-shock: neurosis with anxiety and dreams: Relapse _MacCurdy_, 1917 457

333. Bombed by airplane: Suicidal thoughts; oniric delirium; “moving picture in the head” _Hoven_, 1917 460

334. Shell explosion; emotion at death of best friend: Stupor and amnesia _Gaupp_, 1915 462

335. Emotional shock from shooting comrade: Horror, sweat, stammer, nightmare _Rows_, 1916 463

336. Emotion at death of comrade: Phobias _Bennati_, 1916 464

337. Shell explosion: Fright; delayed loss of consciousness _Wiltshire_, 1916 465

338. Shell explosion; burial work: amnesia; unpleasant ideas reflexly conditioned by shell whistling _Wiltshire_, 1916 467

339. Comrade’s death witnessed: Suicidal depression _Steiner_, 1915 468

340. Marching and battles: Neurasthenia? _Bonhoeffer_, 1915 469

341. English schoolmaster’s account of dreams _Mott_, 1918 470

342. War dreams shifting to sex dreams _Rows_, 1916 472

343. Shock at death of comrade: War and peace dreams _Rows_, 1916 474

344. War dreams including hunger and thirst _Mott_, 1918 475

345. Burial work: Olfactory dreams and vomiting _Wiltshire_, 1916 476

346. War dreams: Phobia conditioned on postoniric suggestion _Duprat_, 1917 477

347. Service in rear: War dreams not based on actual experiences _Gerver_, 1915 478

348. Hysterical astasia-abasia: Heterosuggestive “big belly” _Roussy_, _Boisseau_, _Cornil_, 1917 479

349. Collapse going over the top: Neurasthenia _Jolly_, 1916 481

350. Battles: Mania and confusion _Gerver_, 1915 483

351. Machine-gun battle: Mania and hallucinations _Gerver_, 1915 484

352. Attacks and counter-attacks: Incoherence and quick development of scenic war hallucinations _Gerver_, 1915 485

353. Hysterical stupor under shell fire after 2 days in the trenches _Gaupp_, 1915 486

354. Monosymptomatic amnesia _Mallet_, 1917 488

355. Aviator shot down: Mental symptoms, organic _MacCurdy_, 1917 489

356. Shell fire and corpse work: Daze with relapse; mutism _Mann_, 1915 491

357. Mine explosion: Confusion _Wiltshire_, 1916 492

358. Shell explosion: Alternation of personality _Gaupp_, 1915 493

359. “A Horse in the Unconscious” _Eder_, 1916 497

360. Shell explosion, gassing, fatigue: Anesthesia _Myers_, 1916 498

361. Shell explosion and burial: Somnambulism; dissolution of amnesia under hypnosis _Myers_, 1915 499

362. Shell explosion with injuries: Somnambulism _Donath_, 1915 502

363. Shock: Stupor as if dead _Régis_, 1915 503

364. Emotions over battle scenes: Twenty-four days’ somnambulism _Milian_, 1915 504

365. Putative loss of brother in battle: Somnambulism and mutism twenty-seven days _Milian_, 1915 506

366. Shell explosion: Trauma, windage: Somnambulism four days _Milian_, 1915 508

367. Burial, head trauma; gassing: Tremors, convulsions, confusion, fugue _Consiglio_, 1916 509

368. Shell explosion: Hysterical symptoms and tendency to fugue _Binswanger_, 1915 510

369. Burial: Dissociation of personality _Feiling_, 1915 512

370. Ear Complications and hysteria _Buscaino_, _Coppola_, 1916 516

SECTION C. SHELL-SHOCK DIAGNOSIS

371. Value of lumbar puncture _Souques_, _Donnet_, 1915 524

372. Meningeal and intraspinal hemorrhage: Lumbar puncture _Guillain_, 1915 525

373. Burial: Slight hyperalbuminosis _Ravaut_, 1915 526

374. Paraplegia, organic: Lumbar puncture _Joubert_, 1915 527

375. Gunshot of spine: Spinal concussion, quadriplegia, cerebellospasmodic disorder _Claude_, _L’Hermitte_, 1917 528

376. Trauma of spine: Anesthesia and contracture, homolateral, with trauma _Oppenheim_, 1915 529

377. Mine explosion combining hysterical and lesional effects _Dupouy_, 1915 530

378. Shell explosion: Hysterical and organic symptoms _Hurst_, 1917 532

379. Gunshot: Cauda equina symptoms, combined with functional paraplegia _Oppenheim_, 1915 533

380. Intraspinal lesion: Persistent anesthesia _Buzzard_, 1916 534

381. Functional shell-shock: Erroneous diagnosis _Buzzard_, 1916 534

382. Retention of urine after shell-shock _Guillain_, _Barré_, 1917 535

383. Same _Guillain_, _Barré_, 1917 536

384. Incontinence of urine after shell-shock and burial _Guillain_, _Barré_, 1917 536

385. Struck by missile: Crural monoplegia; plantar reflex absent _Paulian_, 1915 537

386. Shell explosion: Crural monoplegia; sciatica (neuritis?) _Souques_, 1915 538

387. Functional paraplegia and internal popliteal neuritis _Roussy_, 1915 540

388. Bullet in hip: Local “stupor” of leg _Sebileau_, 1914 542

389. Localized catalepsy: Hysterotraumatic _Sollier_, 1917 544

390. Contracture: Hysterotraumatic _Sollier_, 1917 545

391. Crural monoplegia, tetanic: Recovery _Routier_, 1915 546

392. Spasms, contracture, crises--tetanic _Mériel_, 1916 548

393. Shell explosion, windage, flaccid paraplegia, _not_ “spinal contusion” _Léri_, 1915 550

394. Scalp wound: Quadriparesis; paraplegia, cataleptic rigidity of anesthetic legs _Clarke_, 1916 551

395. Shell explosion: Spasmodic contractions of sartorii, persistent in sleep _Myers_, 1916 553

396. Shell explosion: Brown-Séquard’s syndrome, hematomyelic? _Ballet_, 1915 555

397. Question of structural injury of spinal cord _Smyly_, 1917 557

398. Dysbasia, psychogenic round an organic nucleus (cerebellar?) _Cassirer_, 1916 557

399. Shell explosion: Dysbasia, in part hysterical, in part organic? _Hurst_, 1915 558

400. Peculiar walking tic _Chavigny_, 1917 559

401. Mine explosion: Camptocormia. Hospital rounder twenty months--cure by electrotherapy, 1 hour _Marie_, _Meige_, _Béhagne_, _Souques_, _Megevand_, 1917 561

402. Astasia-abasia _Guillain_, _Barré_, 1916 563

403. Shell wounds: Abdominothoracic contracture, tetanic, four months after injury _Marie_, 1916 564

404. Shoulder dislocation: Hysterical paralysis of arm _Walther_, 1914 566

405. Gunshot: Paralysis of arm increasing in degree _Oppenheim_, 1915 567

406. Wound of wrist: Differential glove anesthesias _Römner_, 1915 568

407. Hysterical contracture combined with edema and vasomotor disorder _Ballet_, 1915 569

408. Hemiparesis with syringomyelic dissociation of sensations: Hematomyelia? _Ravaut_, 1915 570

409. Brachial monoplegia: Tetanic _Routier_, 1915 571

410. Paralysis of right leg: Hysterical? Organic? “Microörganic”? _Von Sarbo_, 1915 572

411. Shell explosion: Burial: Paralysis on third day _Léri_, _Froment_, _Mahar_, 1915 573

412. Shell explosion: Hemiplegia. Plantar areflexia _Dejerine_, 1915 575

413. Shell explosion: Tic _versus_ spasm _Meige_, 1916 577

414. Shell explosion: Tremors, anæsthesias _Mott_, 1916 580

415. Hysteria, appendix to trauma _MacCurdy_, 1917 582

416. Peripheral nerve injury: Neurasthenic hyperalgesia _Weygandt_, 1915 583

417. Soldier lead worker: Peripheral neuritis _Shufflebotham_, 1915 584

418. “Peripheral neuritis” cured by faradism _Cargill_, 1916 585

419. Late tetanus _Bouquet_, 1916 586

420. Spasmodic neurosis and neurasthenia _Oppenheim_, 1915 588

421. Hysterical and reflex (“physiopathic”) disorders _Babinski_, 1916 590

422. Bullet wound: Paralysis non-“organic,” non-hysterical, _i.e._ reflex _Babinski_, _Froment_, 1917 592

423. Asymmetry of reflexes under chloroform _Babinski_, _Froment_, 1917 594

424. Reflexes under chloroform _Babinski_, _Froment_, 1915 595

425. Same _Babinski_, _Froment_, 1915 596

426. Shrapnel wound: Monoplegia, hysterical and organic _Babinski_, _Froment_, 1917 597

427. Gunshot, later Erb’s palsy: “reflex”? _Oppenheim_, 1915 598

428. Paralysis hysterical? Organic? _Gougerot_, _Charpentier_, 1916 600

429. Same _Gougerot_, _Charpentier_, 1916 602

430. Same _Gougerot_, _Charpentier_, 1916 604

431.} Reflex “paralysis” _Delherm_, 1916 606 432.}

433. Shell explosion: Functional blindness, monosymptomatic _Crouzon_, 1915 609

434. Retrobulbar neuritis (nitrophenol) _Sollier_, _Jousset_, 1917 611

435. Eye symptoms, hysterical _Westphal_, 1915 613

436. Sandbag on head: Eye symptoms: Lenses _Harwood_, 1916 615

437. Hemianopsia, organic or functional? _Steiner_, 1915 616

438. Hysterical pseudoptosis _Laignel-Lavastine_, _Ballet_, 1916 617

439. Shell explosion: Rombergism _Beck_, 1915 620

440. Case for otologists _and_ neurologists _Roussy_, _Boisseau_, 1917 622

441. Jacksonian syndrome: Hysterical _Jeanselme_, _Huet_, 1915 625

442. Leg tic: Phobia against crabs _Duprat_, 1917 627

443. Convulsions reminiscent of fright _Duprat_, 1917 628

444. Fatigue, delusions, fugue _Mallet_, 1917 629

445. Obsessions and fugue _Mallet_, 1917 631

446. Aprosexia and birdlike movements _Chavigny_, 1915 632

447. Shell explosion: Unconsciousness (45 days): Mutism _Liébault_, 1916 633

448. Shell explosion: Recurrent amnesia _Mairet_, _Piéron_, 1917 634

449. Shell explosion: Comrade killed: Amnesia _Gaupp_, 1915 635

450. Shell explosion: Recurrent amnesia _Mairet_, _Piéron_, 1915 636

451. Soldiers’ heart, neurotic and organic _MacCurdy_, 1917 639

452. Soldiers’ heart, neurotic _MacCurdy_, 1917 640

453. Shell explosion: Hysteria: Malingering (?) _Myers_, 1916 642

454. Officer who could not kick _Mills_, 1917 644

455. “Simulation”: Diagnosis incorrect _Voss_, 1916 645

456. Wound: Hysterical edema? _Lebar_, 1915 646

457. Head trauma: simulation? Hysteria? Surgical? _Voss_, 1916 648

458. Disease and disorder to avoid service _Collie_, 1916 649

459. Yes-No test in anesthesia _Mills_, 1917 651

460. Guardhouse test _Roussy_, 1915 651

461. Light in a dark room _Briand_, _Kalt_, 1917 652

462. Mutism simulated _Sicard_, 1915 654

463. Deafmutism simulated _Myers_, 1916 655

464. Same: Explained by patient _Myers_, 1916 657

465. Deafmutism: Appearance of malingering _Gradenigo_, 1917 658

466. A lame rascal _Gilles_, 1917 659

467. Picric acid jaundice _Briand_, _Haury_, 1916 660

468. Swelling of hand and arm, 7 months _Léri_, _Roger_, 1915 663

469. Shell-shy German _Gaupp_, 1915 664

470. Germany sends back a simulator _Marie_, 1915 664

471. Simulation of Quincke’s disease _Lewitus_, 1915 665

472. “Pensionitis” _Collie_, 1915 666

SECTION D. SHELL-SHOCK TREATMENT AND RESULTS

473. Deafmutism: Spontaneous cure _Mott_, 1916 672

474. Two returns to the front _Gilles_, 1916 675

475. Vicissitudes in 15 months _Purser_, 1917 676

476. Deafmutism: Spontaneous cure _Jones_, 1915 678

477. Course of an oniric delirium _Buscaino_, _Coppola_, 1916 679

478. Same _Buscaino_, _Coppola_, 1916 681

479. Paraplegia: Cure by Iron Cross _Nonne_, 1915 682

480. Mutism cured by getting drunk _Proctor_, 1915 682

481. Mutism cured by working in vineyard _Anon_, 1916 683

482. Deafmutism: Spontaneous recovery of speech. Recovery of hearing by isolation _Zanger_, 1915 684

483. Excess of sympathy on furlough _Binswanger_, 1915 685

484. Hysterical seizures treated by hydrotherapy _Hirschfeld_, 1915 688

485. Low blood pressure treated by pituitrin _Green_, 1917 690

486. Manual contracture: Various treatments _Duvernay_, 1915 691

487. Massage and mechanotherapy _Sollier_, 1916 692

488. Mine explosion; headache: Lumbar puncture _Ravaut_, 1915 693

489. Hysterical clenched fist: Treatment by fatigue of flexors _Reeve_, 1917 694

490. Hysterical adduction of arm: Treatment by induced fatigue _Reeve_, 1917 695

491. Hysterical cross-legs: Treatment by induced fatigue _Reeve_, 1917 696

492. Hysterical torticollis: Treatment by induced fatigue _Reeve_, 1917 697

493. Claw foot (2 years): Cure by induced fatigue _Reeve_, 1917 698

494. Traumatic and post-traumatic effects: Surgical treatment _Binswanger_, 1917 699

495. Vomiting: Cure by restoration of self-confidence _McDowell_, 1917 701

496. Self-accusatory delusions: Treatment by “autognosis” _Brown_, 1916 702

497.} Deafmutism in three men shell-shocked at one time 498.} _Roussy_, 1915 703 499.}

500. Vomiting; incontinence, abasia: Cure by persuasion _McDowell_, 1916 705-706

501. Hysterical convulsions cured by an explanation _Hurst_, 1917 706

502. Course of a case with crises of trembling _Roussy_, 1915 706

503.} Two cases of lameness cured by persuasion _Russel_, 1917 707 504.}

505. Head trauma: Treatments by bandage, isolation, open air and to-and-fro transfers _Binswanger_, 1915 708

506. Rationalization of war memories _Rivers_, 1918 712

507. Same _Rivers_, 1918 713

508. Same _Rivers_, 1918 714

509. Same _Rivers_, 1918 715

510. Same, without redeeming feature as nucleus of rationalization _Rivers_, 1918 716

511. Paraplegia cured by removal of crutches _Veale_, 1917 717

512. Same _Veale_, 1917 718

513. Paraplegia: Chocolates _versus_ isolation _Buzzard_, 1916 719

514. Blindness, mutism, deafness. Immediate spontaneous recovery from the first; gradual recovery from second; deafness cured by “small operation” _Hurst_, 1917 720

515. Deafness: Treatment by stimulating vestibular apparatus _O’Malley_, 1916 721

516. Mutism: Treatment by operative manipulation _Morestin_, 1915 722

517. Visual impairment: Treatment by suggestion, faradism injections _Mills_, 1915 724

518. Aphonia: Treatment by manipulation in larynx _O’Malley_, 1916 725

519. Same _Vlasto_, 1917 727

520. Mutism, amnesia: Treatment by faradism; climatic cure in dream _Smyly_, 1917 728

521. Blindness: Cure by injections in temple _Bruce_, 1916 729

522. Deafness cured by suggestion in writing _Buscaino_, 1916 730

523. Reproduction of Shell-shock story in hypnosis: Recovery _Myers_, 1916 732

524. Same _Myers_, 1916 733

525. Automatism, amnesia, deafmutism: Recovery by hypnosis _Myers_, 1916 734

526. Mutism: Recovery by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1917 736

527. Stammering: Cure by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1917 737

528. Mutism and amnesia: Cure by hypnosis _Myers_, 1916 739

529. Victoria Cross winner: Bayonet clutch contracture revealed by hypnosis _Eder_, 1916 741

530. Contracture: Hypnotic cure “indecently quick” _Nonne_, 1915 742

531. “Doll’s head” anesthesia: Mutism: Cure by hypnosis _Nonne_, 1915 744

532. Mine explosion: Tremors (also _ante bellum_ tremors): Cure by hypnosis _Grünbaum_, 1916 745

533. Astasia-abasia: Cure by hypnosis _Nonne_, 1915 747

534. Crural monoplegia: Cure by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1917 748

535. Tremors and sensory disorders: Cure by hypnosis _Nonne_, 1915 749

536. Paraplegia of gradual development: Cure by repeated hypnosis _Nonne_, 1915 751

537. Visual impairment and dysbasia: Cure by hypnosis _Ormond_, 1915 752

538. Blindness cured by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1916 753

539. Postoperative retention of urine: Relief by hypnosis _Podiapolsky_, 1917 754

540. Postoperative pains: Relief by hypnosis _Podiapolsky_, 1917 755

541. Stereotyped war dream and _ante bellum_ headache: Cure by hypnosis _Riggall_, 1917 756

542. Amnesia and _ante bellum_ headache: Cure by hypnosis _Burmiston_, 1917 757

543. Convulsions cured by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1917 759

544. Two attacks of mutism: Spontaneous recovery from one in 18 months, from the other by hypnosis _Eder_, 1916 759

545. Neurasthenic symptoms cured by repeated hypnosis _Tombleson_, 1917 760

546. Neurasthenic symptoms: Improvement under repeated hypnosis _Tombleson_, 1917 761

547. Convulsions “Jacksonian” and dysbasia: Cure by hypnosis _Tombleson_, 1917 762

548. Agoraphobia: Cure by hypnosis _Hurst_, 1917 763

549. Manual tremors: Treatment by forcing and isolation _Binswanger_, 1915 764

550. Mutism: Psychoelectric cure _Scholz_, 1915 766

551. Hemiplegia and deafmutism; (also convulsions by heterosuggestion): Improvement by faradism; full recovery by suggestion _Arinstein_, 1915 767

552. Deafmutism, cures, relapses and eventual cure by anesthesia _Dawson_, 1916 768

553. Deafness: Cure by suggestion on emerging from ether _Bruce_, 1916 770

554. Aphasia, hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, and (by medical suggestion) trismus: Cure by anesthesia and suggestion _Arinstein_, 1915 771

555. Triplegia, mutism, jumping-jack reactions: Cure by anesthesia, verbal suggestion, faradism _Arinstein_, 1915 773

556. Mutism and musical alexia: Cure by anesthesia _Proctor_, 1915 775

557. Deafmutism: Deafness cured by anesthesia _Gradenigo_, 1917 776

558.} Interaction of two cases (deafmute and mute) 559.} under treatment _Smyly_, 1917 777

560. Dysbasia: Cure by stovaine anesthesia _Claude_, 1917 778

561. Same _Claude_, 1917 779

562. Deafmutism _Bellin_, _Vernet_, 1917 780

563. Monoplegia: Cure by electricity administered with a bored and authoritative look _Adrian_, _Yealland_, 1917 782

564. Monoplegia after sling: Technique of electrical suggestion and “rapid” reëducation _Adrian_, _Yealland_, 1917 783

565. Hysterical “sciatica”: Treatment by faradism and verbal suggestion _Harris_, 1915 785

566. Prognosis of intensive reëducation in reflex (physiopathic) disorder _Vincent_, 1916 786