Chapter 9

accurately the Homeric god, only Homer would have believed in it,--Scott did not, at least not altogether. [Ruskin.]

[78] _The Excursion_, 4. 861-871.

[79] _Genesis_ xxviii, 12; xxxii, 1; xxii, 11; _Joshua_ v, 13 ff.; _Judges_ xiii, 3 ff.

[80] _Iliad_, 5. 846.

[81] _Iliad_, 1. 43.

[82] _Iliad_, 21. 489 ff.

[83] Compare the exquisite lines of Longfellow on the sunset in _The Golden Legend_:--

The day is done; and slowly from the scene The stooping sun up-gathers his spent shafts. And puts them back into his golden quiver. [Ruskin.]

[84] _Iliad_, 3. 365.

[85] _Iliad_, 3. 406 ff.

[86] _Iliad_, 4. 141. [Ruskin.]

[87] _Odyssey_, 5. 63-74.

[88] _Iliad_, 2. 776. [Ruskin.]

[89] _Odyssey_ 7. 112-132.

[90] _Odyssey_, 24. 334 ff.

[91] _Odyssey_, 6. 162.

[92] _Odyssey_, 6. 291-292.

[93] _Odyssey_, 10. 510. [Ruskin.]

[94] Compare the passage in Dante referred to above, p. 60. [Ruskin.]

[95] _Iliad_, 4. 482-487.

[96] Pollards, trees polled or cut back at some height above the ground, producing a thick growth of young branches in a rounded mass.

[97] Quoted, with some omission, from chapter 12.

[98] _Odyssey_, 11. 572; 24. 13. The couch of Ceres, with Homer's usual faithfulness, is made of a _ploughed_ field, 5. 127. [Ruskin.]

[99] _Odyssey_, 12. 45.

[100] _Odyssey_, 4. 605.

[101] _Iliad_, 21. 351.

[102] _Odyssey_, 5. 398, 463. [Ruskin.]

[103] _Odyssey_, 12. 357. [Ruskin.]

[104] _Odyssey_, 5. 481-493.

[105] _Odyssey_, 9. 132, etc. Hence Milton's

From haunted spring, and dale, Edged with poplar pale. [Ruskin.]

_Hymn on The Morning of Christ's Nativity_, 184-185.

[106] _Odyssey_, 9. 182.

[107] _Odyssey_, 10. 87-88.

[108] _Odyssey_, 13. 236, etc. [Ruskin.]

[109] Educated, as we shall see hereafter, first in this school. Turner gave the hackneyed composition a strange power and freshness, in his Glaucus and Scylla. [Ruskin.]

[110] Flodden, Flodden Field, a plain in Northumberland, famous as the battlefield where James IV of Scotland was defeated by an English army under the Earl of Surrey, Sept. 9, 1513. The sixth canto of Scott's _Marmion_ gives a fairly accurate description of the action.

_Chevy-Chase_, a famous old English ballad recounting the incidents of the battle of Otterburn [Aug. 19, 1388] in which the Scots under the Earl of Douglas defeated the English under the Percies.

[111] Shenstone's _Rural Elegance_, 201 ff., quoted with some slight inaccuracies.

OF MODERN LANDSCAPE