Secret societies and subversive movements
Chapter 8
Historical Society_, Vol. V. p. 148, article on "The Ba'al Shem of London," by the Rev. Dr. H. Adler, Chief Rabbi, and Vol. VIII, "Notes on some Contemporary References to Dr. Falk, the Ba'al Shem of London, in the Rainsford MSS. at the British Museum," by Gordon P.G. Hills. The following pages are taken entirely from these sources.
[483] Falk does not appear to have brought good fortune to the Goldsmid family, for Margoliouth in a passage which evidently relates to Falk says that, according to Jewish legend, the suicide of Abraham Goldsmid and his brother was attributed to the following cause: "A Ba'al Shem, an operative Cabalist, in other words a thaumaturgos and prophet, used to live with the father of the Goldsmids. On his death-bed he summoned the patriarch Goldsmid, and delivered into his hands a box, which he strictly enjoined should not be opened till a tertain period which the Ba'al Shem specified, and in case of disobedience a torrent of fearful calamities would overwhelm the Goldsmids. The patriarch's curiosity was not aroused for some time; but in a few years after the Ba'al Shem's death, Goldsmid, the aged, half sceptic, half curious, forced open the fatal box, and then the Goldsmids began to learn what it was to disbelieve the words of a Ba'al Shem."--Margoliouth, _History of the Jews_, II. 144.
[484] _Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society_, V. 162.
[485] Benjamin Fabre, _Eques a Capite Galeato_, p. 84.
[486] Benjamin Fabre, op cit., pp. 88, 90, 98, 110.
[487] Clavel, _Histoire pittoresque_, pp. 188, 390; Robison's _Proofs of a Conspiracy_, p. 77.
[488] _The Royal Masonic Cyclopædia_ describes both _Nathan der Weise_ and _Ernst und Falk_ as prominent works on Masonry.
[489] There is, however, the possibility that Lessing may have had in mind another Falk living at the same period; this was "John Frederick Falk, born at Hamburg of Jewish parents, reported to have been head of a Cabalistic College in London and to have died about 1824" (_Tranactions of the Jewish Historical Society_, VIII. 128). But in view of the part which the correspondence of Savalette de Langes shows the Ba'al Shem of London to have played in the background of Freemasonry, it seems more probable that he was the Falk in question. At any rate, both were Jews and Cabalists.
[490] Who can this have been?
[491] The Duchesse de Gontaut relates in her _Mémoires_ that the Due d'Orléans was one day driving through the forest of Fontainebleau when a man, half clothed and with a demented air, sprang towards the carriage, grimacing horribly. The Duke's suite, taking him for a madman, would have kept him at bay, but the Duke, at that moment awaking from sleep, unbuttoned his shirt and showed his assailant an iron ring suspended round his neck. At this sight the man took to his heels and disappeared into the wood. The mystery of this incident was never elucidated, and the Duke, when questioned on the matter, would offer no explanation. Could this ring have been Falk's talisman?
[492] Margoliouth, op. cit., II. 121-4. See also _Life of Lord George Gordon_ by Robert Watson (1795), pp. 71, 72.
[493] Friedrich Bülau, _Geheime Geschichten und räthselhafte Menschen_, I. 325 (1850). _The Public Advertiser_, Aug. 22, 24, 1786.
[494] Barruel, Vol. III. p. xi., quoting Gaultier.
[495] Silvestre de Sacy, "Mémoires sur la Dynastie des Assassins," in _Mémoires de l'Institut Royal de France_, Vol. IV. (1818).
[496] _History of Freemasonry_, III. 121.
[497] _Mémoires sur le Jacobinisme_ (edition of 1819), Vol. III. p. 9.
[498] Ibid., III. 55, 56.
[499] _Essat sur la Secte des llluminés_, pp. 28-39.
[500] "Our worst enemies the Jesuits."--Letter from Spartacus, _Originalschriften_, p. 306.
[501] Figuier, _Histoire de Merveilleux_, IV. 77.
[502] _Originalschriften des Illuminatenordens_, p. 230.
[503] Ibid., p. 331.
[504] In _World Revolution_ I suggested a resemblance between the Jewish calendar and that of the Illuminati. This was an error; the Jewish calendar was adopted by the Scottish Rite, which, as we have seen, derived partly from Judaic sources.
[505] Thus Zwack (alias Cato) writes: "We have not only hindered the enlistings of the Rose-Croix but rendered their very name contemptible."--_Originalschriften_, p. 8.
[506] _Originalschriften_, p. 363. The word Illuminism is always represented by this symbol in the correspondence of the Illuminati.
[507] Ibid., p. 202.
[508] Ibid., p. 331.
[509] A. E. Waite, "Freemasonry and the Jewish Peril," in _The Occult Review_ for September 1920, p. 152.
[510] _Mémoires de Mirabeau écrats par lui-même, par son père, son oncle et son fils adoptif, et prècédés d'une étude sur Mirabeau par Victor Hugo_, Vol. III. p. 47 (1834).
[511] I have expressly made use of M. Barthou's résumé instead of making one of my own, lest I should be said to have made judicious selections in order to suit the purpose of showing the resemblance between this Memoir and the passage from Mirabeau's other writings which follows. But M. Barthou's impartiality cannot be impugned, for he appears to know nothing about the Illuminati or Mirabeau's connexion with them, and regards the Memoir in question as solely the outcome of Mirabeau's mind which had "ripened" since 1772.
[512] F. Barthou, _Mirabeau_, p. 57.
[513] In the Memoir drawn up by Mirabeau quoted above we find this passage: "It must be a fundamental rule never to allow any prince to enter the association were he a god for virtue."--_Mémoires de Mirabeau_, III. 60.
[514] _Histoire de la Monarchie Prussienne_, V. 99.
[515] Henry Martin, _Histoire de France_, XVI. 533.
[516] Louis Blanc, _Histoire de la Révolution Française_, II. 84.
[517] _History of Freemasonry_, III. 121.
[518] _Originalschriften_, p. 258.
[519] Ibid., p. 297.
[520] Ibid., p. 285.
[521] Ibid., p. 286.
[522] _Originalschriften_, p. 300. It seems that when a Freemason appeared likely to fall in with the scheme of Illuminism, he was soon allowed to know of the further system. Thus in the case of "Savioli" "Cato" writes: "Now that he is a Mason I have put all about this ⊙ before him, shown him what is unimportant and at this opportunity taken up the general plan of our ⊙, and as this pleased him I said that such a thing really existed, whereat he gave me his word that he would enter it."--_Originalschriften_, p. 289.
[523] Ibid., p. 303.
[524] Ibid., p. 361.
[525] Ibid., p. 363.
[526] Ibid., p. 360.
[527] _Originalschriften_, p. 200.
[528] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 67.
[529] _Ibid._, p. 95.
[530] _Lexicon of Freemasonry_, p. 142. See also Oliver's _Historical Landmarks of Freemasonry_, I. 26, where the Illuminati are rightly included amongst the enemies of Masonry. Nevertheless, both Mackey and Oliver proceed to revile Barruel and Robison as enemies of Masonry, and in order to substantiate this accusation Oliver descends to the most flagrant misquotation. For if we look up in the original the passages he quotes on page 382 from Robison and on page 573 from Barruel as evidence of their calumnies on Masonry, we shall find that they refer respectively to the Rose-Croix Cabalists and the Illuminati and not to the Freemasons at all! See Robison's _Proofs of a Conspiracy_, p. 93, and Barruel's _Mémoires sur le Jacobinisme_ (1818 edition), II. 244.
[531] _Oeuvres Complètes de Voltaire_ (1818 edition). Vol. XLI. p. 153.
[532] Ibid., pp. 165, 168.
[533] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_. II. 54-57.
[534] Ibid., p. 82.
[535] Ibid., p. 59.
[536] Ibid., p. 63.
[537] Ibid., p. 65.
[538] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 67.
[539] Ibid., pp. 80, 81.
[540] Ibid., pp. 98, 99.
[541] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 100-101.
[542] Ibid., p. 105: "He Himself lived with His disciples in community of goods."
[543] Ibid, p. 101. This was one of the earliest heresies of the Christian era refuted by Origen: "Moreover, he [Celsus] frequently calls the Christian doctrine a secret system, we must refute him on this point ... to speak of the Christian doctrine as a secret system is altogether absurd."--Origen, _Contra Celsum_, in _The Ante-Nicene Christian Library_, p. 403 (1869).
[544] Ibid., p. 106.
[545] Ibid., p. 113.
[546] Ibid., p. 96.
[547] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 111.
[548] Ibid., II. 123.
[549] Ibid., II. 124.
[550] Ibid., I. 68.
[551] Ibid., II. 113.
[552] Ibid., II. 115.
[553] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 13, 14.
[554] Ibid., I. 104.
[555] Ibid., I. 104-106.
[556] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 76.
[557] _Originalschriften_, p. 8.
[558] Ibid., p. 9.
[559] Ibid., p. 10
[560] _Neuesten Arbeiten des Spartacus und Philo_, pp. 143, 163.
[561] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 3.
[562] _Originalschriften_, p. 215.
[563] Ibid., p. 173.
[564] Ibid., p. 175.
[565] Ibid., pp. 237-8.
[566] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 12.
[567] _Originalschriften_, p. 231.
[568] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 2.
[569] _Originalschriften_, p. 51.
[570] Ibid., p. 52.
[571] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 45.
[572] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 51.
[573] _Originalschriften_, p. 210.
[574] Ibid., p. 72.
[575] Ibid., p. 271.
[576] Ibid., p. 50.
[577] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 32.
[578] _Royal Masonic Cyclopædia_, article on Illuminati.
[579] Feder, a preacher at the Court who had joined the Illuminati.
[580] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 42.
[581] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 39, 40.
[582] Ibid., I. 47.
[583] _Originalschriften_, pp. 370, 371.
[584] Ibid., pp. 257, 258.
[585] Given in the cypher of the Illuminati: "Denken sie, meine 18. 10. 5. 21. 12. 6. 8. 17. 4. 13. ist 18. 10. 5. 21. 12. 13. 6. 8. 17. (meine Schwägerin ist schwanger)." See cypher on p. 1 of _Originalschnften_.
[586] Note, then, that this was no sudden lapse on the part of Weishaupt.
[587] _Nachtrag von ... Onginalschrtften_, I. 14-16.
[588] Ibid., I. 21.
[589] Ibid., I. 99.
[590] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, I. 112.
[591] Author of the very interesting work _La Vérité sur les Sociétés Secrétes en Allemagne_, par un Ancien Illuminé (Paris, 1819).
[592] _De l'Influence attribuée aux Philosophes, aux Francs-Maçons et aux Illuminés sur la, Révolution de France_, par J.J. Mounier (1822), p. 181.
[593] It has several times been stated that Weishaupt was himself a Jew. I cannot find the slightest evidence to this effect.
[594] _Originalschriften_, pp. 107-10.
[595] "Foresight indicates," says Falk, "that an end must be made to the whole of the present scheme of Freemasonry [_dem ganzen jetzigen Schema der Freimaurerei ein Ende zu machen_]," and he goes on to show that this must be done by picked men in the secret societies who know the true secrets of Masonry. This is precisely Weishaupt's idea.
[596] In 1779 Spartacus writes to Marius and Cato suggesting that instead of Illuminati the Order should be called the "Order of Bees [Bienenorden oder Bienengesellschaft]," and that all the statutes should be clothed in this allegory--_Originalschriften_, p. 320.
[597] _Nachtrag von ... Originalschriften_, II. 81.
[598] My italics.
[599] Where are they called this? The Cabala distinctly states that Israel alone is to possess the future world (Zohar, section Vayschlah, folio 177b), whilst the Talmud even excludes the lost tribes: "the ten tribes have no share in the world to come" (Tract Sanhedrim, Rodkinson's translation, p. 363).
[600] _Memoirs of Moses Mendelssohn_, by M. Samuels, pp. 56, 57 (1827).
[601] Letter to the _Jewish Chronicle_, September 1, 1922, quoting Henrietta Herz.
[602] Goethe was initiated into Freemasonry on St. John's Eve, 1780. _The Royal Masonic Cyclopædia_ observes: "There exist two great classical Masonic writers, Lessing and Goethe." Dr. Stauffer, in _New England and the Bavarian Illuminati_ (p. 172), points out further that Goethe's connexion with the Illuminati is fully established by both Engel (_Geschichte des Illuminatenordens_, pp. 355 and following) and by Le Forestier (_Les Illuminés de Baviére_, pp. 396 and following). It is possible that _Faust_ may be the history of an initiation by a disillusioned Illuminatus.
[603] Henri Martin, _Histoire de France_, Vol. XVI. p. 531.
[604] _Historie de la Monarchie prussienne_, V. 73.
[605] _Ars Quatuor Coronatorum_, Vol. XXVI. p. 98.
[606] "Notes on the Rainsford Papers" in _A.Q.C._, Vol. XXVI. p. 111.
[607] _Morning Herald_ for November 2, 1786.
[608] Eckert, _La Franc-Maçonnerie dans sa véritable signification_, Vol. II. p. 92.
[609] _Drei merkwürdige Aussagen_, etc., evidence of Grünberger, Cosandey, and Renner (Munich, 1786); _Grosse Absichten des Ordens der Illuminaten_, etc., Ditto, with Utzschneider (Munich, 1786).
[610] Gustave Bord, _La Franc-Maçonnerie en France_, etc., p. 351 (1908). This Australian Count is referred to in the correspondence of the Illuminati more as an agent than as an adept. Thus Weishaupt writes: "I must attempt to cure him of theosophy and bring him round to our views" (_Nachtrag von ... Originalschnften_, I. 71); and Philo, before the Congress of Wilhelmsbad, observes: "Numenius is not yet of much use. I am only taking him up so as to stop his mouth at the Congress [_um ihn auj dem Convente das Meul zu stopfen_]; still, if he is well led we can make something out of him." (ibid., p. 109).
[611] _Die Neuesten Arbeiten des Spartacus und Philo in dem Illuminaten-Orden._ p. viii (1794).
[612] De Luchet, _Essai sur la Secte des Illuminés_, p. vii.
[613] Crétineau Joly, _L'Église Romaine en face de la Révolution_, I. p. 93.
[614] In my _World Revolution_ I accepted erroneously the opinion of several well-known writers who attribute this pamphlet to Mirabeau. The fact that it was printed at the end of Mirabeau's _Histoire Secrète de la Cour de Berlin_ and that a further edition revised by Mirabeau was published in 1792 no doubt gave rise to this supposition. But apart from the fact that Mirabeau as an Illuminatus was unlikely himself to denounce the Order, the proof that he was not the author may be found at the British Museum, where the copy of the 1792 edition bears on the title-page the words in ink "Donné par l'auteur," and Mirabeau died in the spring of the preceding year.
[615] British Museum press-mark F. 259 (14).
[616] _Oeuvres posthumes de Marmontel_, IV. 77.
[617] Lombard de Langres, _Histoire des Jacobins_, p. 31 (1820).
[618] Deschamps, _Les Sociétés Secrètes et la Société_, II. 151, quoting document amongst the papers of Cardinal Bernis entitled: _Discours prononcé au comité de la Propagande par M. Duport, un de ses mémoires, le 21 mai 1790._
[619] Galart de Montjoie, _Histoire de Marie Antoinette de Lorraine_, p. 156 (1797).
[620] Lombard de Langres, _Histoire des Jacobins_, p. 117 (1820).
[621] Ibid., p. 236.
[622] See _Die Neuesten Arbeiten des Spartacus und Philo_, p. 71, where the Illuminati are described as wearing "fliegende Haare und kleine vierekte rothe samtne Hute." An alternative theory is, however, that the "cap of liberty" was copied from that of the galley-slaves.
[623] _Histoire des Jacobins_, p. 117.
[624] A.E. Waite, _The Mysteries of Magic_, p. 215.
[625] _Moniteur_, Vol. II., séance du 23 décembre, 1789.
[626] Théophile Malvezin, _Histoire des Juifs à Bordeaux_, p. 262 (1875).
[627] _Requête des six corps de marchands et négociants de Paris contre l'admission des Juifs_ in Archives Nationales, quoted by Henri Delassus, _La Question Juive_, p. 60 (1911).
[628] Leon Kahn, _Les Juifs de Paris pendant la Révolution_ (1898).
[629] Ibid., p. 167. Cf. Arthur Chuquet, _La Légion Germanique_, p. 139 (1904).
[630] Archives Nationales, F*. 2486.
[631] My _French Revolution_, p. 274.
[632] Kahn, op. cit., pp. 140, 141, 170, 201, 241.
[633] _Nouvelle Adresse des Juifs à l'Assemblée Nationale_, le 24 décembre, 1789.
[634] _Moniteur_, Vol. XVIII., séances of 21st and 22nd Brumaire, An 2 (November, 1793).
[635] _Discours de morale, prononcé le 2ième décadi, 20 frimaire, l'an 2ième de la république ... an temple de la Vérité, ci-devant l'église des bénédictins à Angely Boutonne ... fait par le citoyen Alexandre Lambert, fils, juif et élevé dans les préjugés du culte judaïque_ (1794), British Museum press-mark F. 1058 (4).
[636] Kahn, op. cit., p. 311.
[637] _Crimes de la Révolution_, III. 44.
[638] Archives Nationales, _Pièce remise par le Cabinet de Vienne_ (1824), F* 7566.
[639] Chevalier de Malet, _Recherches politiques et historiques_, p. 2 (1817).
[640] Eckert, _La Franc-Maçonnerie dans sa véritable signification_, II. 125.
[641] Mr. Lucien Wolf, "The Jewish Peril," article in the _Spectator_ for June 12, 1920.
[642] A.E. Waite, "Occult Freemasonry and the Jewish Peril," in _The Occult Review_ for September, 1920.
[643] Deschamps, op. cit., II. 197, quoting _Tableau historique de la Maçonnerie_, p. 38.
[644] _Eques a Capite Galeato_, pp. 362, 364, 366.
[645] Ibid., p. 423.
[646] _The War of Anti-Christ with the Church and Christian Civilization_, p. 30 (1885).
[647] G. Lenôtre, _Le Dauphin_ (Eng. trans.), p. 307.
[648] Archives Nationales, F* 6563.
[649] Archives Nationales F* 6563 No. 2449, Série 2. No. 49.
[650] _Pièce remise par le Cabinet de Vienne_, F* 7566.
[651] _Lettres d'un Voyageur à l'Abbé Barruel_, p. 30 (1800).
[652] _World Revolution_, pp. 86 and following, where extracts from the correspondence of the Alta Vendita (or Haute Vente Romaine) were given. This correspondence will be found in _L'Église Romaine en face de la Révolution_, by Crétineau Joly, who published it from the documents seized by the Pontifical Government at the death of one of the members. The documents were communicated to Crétineau Joly by the Pope Grégoire XVI, and published with the approval of Pius IX. Their authenticity has never been questioned. They are still in the secret archives of the Vatican, or at any rate were there at the beginning of the present year.
[653] Jan Witt, dit Buloz, _Les Sociétés Secrètes de France et d'ltalie_, pp. 20, 21 (1830).
[654] Ibid., p. 6.
[655] Louis Blanc, _Histoire de Dix Ans_, I. 88, 89.
[656] Deschamps, _Les Sociétés Secrètes et la Société_, II. 534, quoting the _Monde Maçonmque_ for July, 1867.
[657] _Correspondence de Michel Bakounine_, published by Michael Dragomanov, pp. 73, 209 (1896).
[658] A. E. Waite, _The Secret Tradition in Freemasonry_, Vol. I. p. ix.
[659] _The Real History of the Rosicrucians_, p. 403.
[660] Paul Nourrisson, _Les Jacobins an Pouvoir_, pp. 202, 215 (1904).
[661] J.M. Ragon, _Cours philosophique ... des Initiations_, etc., édition sacrée (5,842), p. 19.
[662] Ibid., p. 38.
[663] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, p. 124 (1908).
[664] Ibid., p. 125.
[665] Ragon, op. cit., p. 38, note 2.
[666] Ibid., p. 39.
[667] Ibid., p. 52.
[668] Ibid., p. 53.
[669] Clavel, _Histoire pittoresque de la Franc-Maçonnerie_, p. 21.
[670] Ibid., p. 23.
[671] In _La République universelle_, published in 1793.
[672] Georges Goyau, _L'Idée de Patrie et l'Humanitarisme_, p. 242 (1913), quoting speech of F. Troubat in 1886. A periodical called _Les États Unis de l'Europe_ was published by Ferdinand Buisson in 1868. Ibid., p. 113.
[673] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvoir occults contre la France_, p. 89.
[674] Gould, _History of Freemasonry_, III. 191, 192.
[675] Ibid., III. 26.
[676] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, p. 97.
[677] Ibid., p. 90.
[678] _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, pp. 274-7.
[679] Ibid., pp. 284-6.
[680] _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, p. 44.
[681] Ibid., p. 263.
[682] Ibid., p. 294.
[683] _La Conjuration juive contre le Monde Chrétien_ (1909).
[684] _Morning Post_ for February 1 and February 26, 1923.
[685] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, p. 132.
[686] Gautrelet, _La Franc-Maçonnerie et la Révolution_, p. 87 (1872).
[687] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvoir occulte contre la France_, p. 85.
[688] Louis Dasté, _Marie Antinette et le Complot Maçonnique_, pp. 49-51 (1910).
[689] _Times_ for December 30, 1921; _A Epoca_, November 28, 1921.
[690] These documents were published in a book entitled _A Szabadkömivesseg Bünei_ by Adorjan Barcsay.
[691] _Two Centuries of Freemasonry_, p. 79. Published by the International Bureau for Masonic Affairs, of Neuchatel, 1917.
[692] Article on "The Popes and Freemasonry," by the Rev. Herbert Thurston, S.J., in _The Tablet_ for January 27, 1923.
[693] _Evening Standard_, June 26, 1923.
[694] Ragon, _Cours des Initiations_, p. 33.
[695] Alliance de la Démocratic Socialiste, etc., publié par l'ordre du Congrès International de la Haye, p. 93 (1873).
[696] _Histoire des Clubs de Femmes_, by the Baron Marc de Villiers, p. 380.
[697] René Guénon, _Le Théosophisme_, p. 245 (1921).
[698] Guénon, op. cit., p. 248, quoting _La Lumière Maçonnique_, Nov.--Dec. 1912, p. 522.
[699] Alice Leighton Cleather, _H. P. Blavatsky: her Life and Work for Humanity_ p. 17 (Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1922).
[700] René Guénon, op. cit., p. 17.
[701] René Guénon, op. cit., p. 30.
[702] Guénon, op cit., p. 193, quoting _Le Lotus_ for December, 1887.
[703] I refrain from giving the name of this book as the author has now left the Theosophical Society and may regret having written these words.
[704] Adolphe Franck, _La Kabbale_, pp. ii-iv.
[705] See _ante_, pp. 21, 66, 92.
[706] Alice Leighton Cleather, _A Great Betrayal_, p. 13 (1922).
[707] See on this subject the ravings contained in the book _Christ and the New Age_ (1922), edited by G. Leopold, under the auspices of "The Star in the East."
[708] Dudley Wright, _Roman Catholicism and Freemasonry_, p. 221 (1922).
[709] In a few lodges the purely British ritual has been adopted under the name of the Verulam working, whilst recently a third ritual has been introduced by "Bishop Wedgwood," which in the opinion of a high British Mason "upsets the whole working of the Craft degrees and reduces it all to an absurdity."
[710] Alice Leighton Cleather, _H. P. Blavatsky: her Life and Work for Humanity_, p. 24 (Thacker. Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1922).
[711] Alice Leighton Cleather, _H. P. Blavatsky: her Life and Work for Humanity_, p. 24. (Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1922).
[712] Ibid., p. 14.
[713] Ibid., pp. 20, 311.
[714] Nos. of January 11 to March 22, 1923.
[715] A.L. Cleather, _H. P. Blavatsky' a Great Betrayal_, p. 69 (Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1922).
[716] _John Bull_, June 7, 1919; _The Patriot_, February 15, 1923.
[717] _The War and the Builders of the Commonwealth_, a lecture given at the Queen's Hall by Annie Besant on October 5, 1919, pp. 15, 18 (printed by the Theosophical Publishing Co.).
[718] Diary of the Theosophical Society for April-July, 1924, p. 43.
[719] On June 26, 1923
[720] _The Theosophical Quarterly_ for October 1920, April 1921, and April 1922 (published by the Theosophical Society, New York).
[721] Syed Ameer Ali expresses the opinion that even to Eastern minds esoteric speculation presents a danger: "Sufism in the Moslem world, like to its counterpart in Christendom, has, in its practical effect, been productive of many mischievous results. In perfectly well-attuned minds mysticism takes the form of a noble type of idealistic philosophy; but the generality of mankind are more likely to unhinge their brains by busying themselves with the mysteries of the Divine Essence and our relations thereto. Every ignorant and idle specimen of humanity, who, despising real knowledge, abandoned the fields of true philosophy and betook himself to the domains of mysticism, would thus set himself up as one of the Ahl-i-Ma 'rifat."--_The Spirit of Islam_, p. 477.
[722] Confirmed by A.Q.C. 1. 54.
[723] Guénon, op. cit., p. 296. It would appear to be this MS. or a copy which was recently offered for sale by a Paris bookseller under the following description: "Manuscrit de Kabbale.--Spedalieri (Baron de. Le Sceau de Salomon). Traité sur les Séphiroth, en un in-f. de 16 pp.... le baron Spedalieri fut le disciple le plus instruit et le plus intime d'Eliphas Lévi.--Son traté kabalistique 'Le Sceau de Salomon' est fondé sur la tradition hébraïque et hindoue et nous révèle le sens occulte du grand pantacle mystique. Dans une étude sur les séphiroth, Eliphas Lévi annonçait que le temps venu il révèlerait à ses disciples ce grand mystère jusqu'ici caché.--Spedalieri entreprend cette révélation." Le Bibliophile ès Sciences Psychiques, No. 16 (1922). Librairie Emile Nourry, 62 ru des Ecoles, Paris, Ve.
[724] See ante, p. 34.
[725] Robert Kuentz, _Le Dr Steiner et la Théosophie actuelle_, series of articles in the review _Le Feu_ for October, November and December 1913 and reprinted in pamphlet form.
[726] The year of the General Strike.
[727] Letter from Meakin to Baron Walleen, a Dane and member of the S.M.
[728] Bertrand Russell, _The practice and Theory of Bolshevism_, p. 65 (1920).
[729] Amongst ths "subsidiary activities" of the Theosophical Society may be mentioned the Liberal Catholic Church, the Guild of the Citizens of Tomorrow, the Order of the Brothers of Service, the Golden Chain, the Order of the Round Table, the Bureau of Social Reconstruction, the Braille League, the Theosophical Educational Trust, etc.
[730] _Le Pouvoir Occulte contre la France_, p. 291.
[731] "The struggle to instil into the masses the idea of the Soviet State control, and accounting, that this idea may be realised and a break be made with the accursed past, which accustomed the people to look upon the work of getting food and clothing as a 'private' affair and on purchase and sale as something that 'concerns only myself'--this is a most momentous struggle, of universal historical significance, a struggle for Socialist consciousness against bourgeois-anarchistic 'freedom.'"--Lenin, _The Soviets at Work_, p. 22 (The Socialist Information and Research Bureau, 196 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, 1919).
[732] Mr. Bernard Shaw on "Railway Strike Secrets," reported in _Morning Post_ for December 3, 1919.
[733] Mr. Bernard Shaw in the _Labour Monthly_ for October 1921.
[734] Report of interview with Maxim Gorky in _Daily News_ for October 3, 1921.
[735] Opinion expressed to me in conversation with a Socialist. Cf. Keir Hardie, "Communism, the final goal of Socialism" (_Serfdom to Socialism_, p. 36).
[736] "By the decree of May 22 1922, the right of private ownership of means of production and for production itself was re-established." See article by Krassin on "The New Economic Policy of the Soviet Government" in _Reconstruction_ (the monthly review edited by Parvus) for September 1922.
[737] See Guillaume's _Documents de l'Internationale_ and Mrs. Snowden's _A Political Pilgrim in Europe_.
[738] _Les Sociétés de Pensée et la Démocratie_ (1921). M. Augustin Cochin collaborated with M. Charles Charpentier in throwing new light on the French Revolution, and triumphantly refuted M. Aulard in 1908. Unhappily his work was cut short by the war and he was killed at the front in July 1916, leaving his great history of the Revolution unfinished.
[739] Mr. Philip Snowden in debate on Socialism in the House of Commons on March 20, 1923: "By far the greatest time that man has been upon this globe he has lived not under a system of private enterprise, not under capitalism, but under a system of tribal communism, and it is well worth while to remember that most of the great inventions that have been the basis of our machinery and our modern discoveries were invented by men who lived together in tribes."
[740] _The Red Catechism_, by Tom Anderson, p. 3.
[741] E.g. the following extract from an address by Miss Esther Bright to the Esoteric School of Theosophy quoted in _The Patriot_ for March 22, 1923: "The hearty and understanding co-operation between E.S.T. members of many nations will form a nucleus upon which the nations may build the big brotherhood which we hope may become the United States of Europe. United States! What a fine sound it has when one looks at the Europe of to-day!" A review named _Les États-Unis d'Europe_ existed as early as 1868, and M. Goyau shows that this formula and also that of the "République Universelle" were slogans current amongst the pacifists before and during the war of 1870 which they signally failed to avert.--_L'Idée de Patrie et l'Humanitarisme_, pp. 113, 115.
[742] How bitterly this attitude is still resented by the Jews is shown in the article on Jesus in the _Jewish Encyclopædia_, which observes that: "In almost all of his public utterances he was harsh, severe, and distinctly unjust ... toward the ruling and well-to-do classes. After reading his diatribes against the Pharisees, the Scribes, and the rich, it is scarcely to be wondered at that these were concerned in helping to silence him" (vol. vii, p. 164).
[743] The execution of Monseigneur Butkievitch, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Petrograd, was condoned by the _Daily Herald_, the _New Statesman_, and the _Nation_. See the _Daily Herald_ for April 7, 1923.
[744] Letters from a friend of the present writer in Russia, dates of August 1922 and February 1923.
[745] _Daily Herald_ for February 21, 1922.
[746] Ibid., March 18, 1920.
[747] See Report of Annual Conference of the Social Democratic Federation in _Morning Post_ for August 6, 1923, where it is said that "Whole-hearted denunciation of Sovietism was the chief feature of the day's discussion," etc.
[748] _Evening Standard_ for January 15, 1924.
[749] _Daily Telegraph_ for January 8, 1923; _Daily Mail_ for January 24, 1923.
[750] Report of speech by Adeline, Duchess of Bedford, at a public meeting to protest against the treatment of political prisoners in Portugal, April 22, 1913, quoted in _Portuguese Political Prisoners_, p. 89 (published by Upcott Gill & Son).
[751] _Evening Standard_, May 14, 1923.
[752] That this use of the cinema for revolutionary propaganda is deliberate was proved to me by personal experience. A man who had been struck with the dramatic possibilities of something I had written wrote to ask if he might place it before a certain well-known film producer in America. I gave my consent, and some time later he informed me that the producer in question regretted he could not film my work as it might appear to be anti-Bolshevist propaganda. Soon after this the same producer brought out a film on the same subject with the moral turned round the other way, so as to make the whole thing subtly revolutionary, and brought this over to England, where he advertised it as anti-Bolshevist propaganda! This is typical of the duplicity displayed by these propagandists.
[753] Quoted in _Le Problème de la Mode_, by the Baronne de Montenach, p. 30(1913).
[754] Robison, _Proofs of a Conspiracy_, pp. 251, 252 (1798).
[755] Article by A. Quiller in _The Equinox_ for September 1910, p. 338.
[756] _New York Herald_ for September 6 and 7, 1921.
[757] Private communication to the author.
[758] Paul Bureau, _La Crise morale des Temps nouveaux_, p. 108 (1907).
[759] _Daily Mail_, July 14, 1922.
[760] _Le Smorfie dell' Anima_, by Mario Mariani (1919).
[761] A leader writer in one of the most important literary Constitutional journals in this country observed to me in conversation that "all such nonsense as patriotism ought to be done away with"; another writer for the same paper told me he would not in the least regret to see the British Empire broken up.
[762] Astolphe de Custine, _La Russie en_ 1839, I. 149 (1843).
[763] _Essai sur la Secte des Illuminés_ (1792 edition), p. 48. On p. 46 de Luchet expresses his idea in a curious passaqe which I find difficult to render in English: "Il s'est formé au sein des plus épaisses ténèbres, une société d'êtres nouveaux qui se connaissent sans s'être vus, qui s'entendent sans s'être expliqués, qui se servent sans amitié. Cette société a le but de gouverner le monde...."
[764] Ibid., p. 171.
[765] Eckert, _La Franc-Maçonnerie dans sa véritable signification_, translated by the Abbé Gyr (1854), II. 133, 134.
[766] My italics.
[767] Galart de Montjoie, _Histoire de Marie Antoinette_, p. 156 (1797).
[768] G. Lenôtre, _The Dauphin_, Eng. trans., p. 307.
[769] _Recherches politiques et historiques sur l'existence d'une secte révolutionnaire_, p. 2 (1817).
[770] J. Crétineau-Joly, _L'Église Romaine en face de la Revolution_, II. 143 (1859).
[771] _Lord George Bentinck, A Political Biography_, pp. 552-4 (1852).
[772] _Les Sociétés Secrètes et la Société_, I. 91
[773] Ibid., II. 243.
[774] Ibid., II. 521.
[775] Robison's _Proofs of a Conspiracy_, p. 107.
[776] A good account of this was contained in a letter to _The Times_ of January 23, 1924.
[777] _The Prince_, Eng. trans, by Henry Morley, p. 61.
[778] Ibid., p. 110.
[779] Ibid., p. 110.
[780] Ibid., p. 131.
[781] _The Prince_, Eng. trans, by Henry Morley, pp. 143, 144.
[782] M. Mazères, _De Machiavel et de l'influence de sa doctrine sur les opinions, les mæurs et la politique de la France pendant la Rèvolution_ (1816).
[783] Deschamps, _Les Sociètès Secrètes, etc._, I. p. xcii., quoting "Discours du F. Malapert a la Loge Alsace-Lorraine" in _La Chains d'Umon_, pp. 88, 89 (1874); ct. Eckert, _La Franc-Maçonnerie dans sa véritable signification_, II. 293.
[784] Deschamps, op. cit., II. 681.
[785] _Politica Segreta Italiana_, by Diamilla Muller, p. 346 (1891).
[786] Copin Albancelli, _Le Pouvotr occulte contre la France_, p. 388.
[787] Series of article entitled "Boche and Bolshevik" by Nesta H. Webster and Herr Kurt Kerlen, which appeared in the _Morning Post_ for April 26, 27, June 10, 11, 15, 16, 1922. Reprinted in book form by the Beckwith Company of New York.
[788] _Boche and Bolshevik_, p 39.
[789] _The General Staff and its Problems_, II. 556
[790] One of the pamphlets emanating from the first of these lines and entitled "England's War Guilt" reached the present writer. Its purport is to show that "England alone was the chief agent of the war," and that Lord Haldane and Sir Edward Grey, by encouraging Germany to believe that England would not intervene, led her into a trap.
[791] Georges Goyau, _L'Idée de Patrie et l'Humanitarisme_, p. in (1913).
[792] August 19, 1919.
[793] My italics.
[794] _Daily Herald_ for January 26, 1923. So tender a regard did the _Daily Herald_ entertain for the feelings of German magnates that its susceptibilities were deeply shocked at the correspondent of another paper, who, after lunching with Herr Thyssen, was so "ungentlemanly" as to comment afterwards on the display of wealth he had witnessed (_Daily Herald_ for February 2, 1923). Yet the _Daily Herald_ reporter had seen nothing ungentlemanly in attending a garden party at Buckingham Palace and publishing a sneering account of it afterwards under the heading of "Pomp and Farce in the Palace" (date of July 21, 1921).
[795] Karl Marx in his _Preamble of the Provisional Rules of the Internationale_ (1864).
[796] _The Times_, June 30, 1922; the _Morning Post_, June 26 and 30, 1922. A very curious and well-informed article, from which some of these details are taken, appeared in the _West Coast Leader_, Lima, Peru, of December 14, 1921.
[797] _Lettres inédites de Joseph de Maistre_, p. 415 (1851).
[798] Letter from the Rev. B. S. Lombard to Lord Curzon, March 23, 1919.
[799] _Jewish Guardian_ for January 18, 1924.
[800] _Jewish Encyclopædia_, article on Zionism.
[801]_La République universelle_, p. 186 note (1793).
[802] _Daily Mail_, September 21, 1923.
[803] Reported in the _Jewish World_, January 5, 1922.
[804] _Morning Post_ for August 1, 1921.
[805] Michael Rodkinson (i.e. Rodkinssohn), in Preface to translation of the Talmud, Vol. I. p. x.
[806] Drach, _De l'Harmomie entre l'Église[C] et la Synagogue_, I. 167, quoting the treatise Aboda-Zara, folio 13 verso, and folio 20 recto; also treatise Baba Kamma, folio 29 verso. Drach adds: "We could multiply these quotations almost to infinity."
[807] Zohar, section Toldoth Noah, folio 63_b_ (de Pauly's trans., I 373).
[808] Zohar, section Toldoth Noah, folio 646 (de Pauly's trans., I. 376).
[809] J.P. Stehelin, _The Traditions of the Jews_, II. 215-20, quoting Talmud treatises Baba Bathra folio 74_b_, Pesachim folio 32, Bekhoroth folio 57, Massektoth Ta'anith folio 31. The Zohar also refers to the female Leviathan (section Bô, de Pauly's trans., III. 167). Drach shows that amongst the delights promised by the Talmud after the return to Palestine will be the permission to eat pork and bacon.--_De l'Harmonie entre l'Église et la Synagogue_, I. 265, 276, quoting treatise Hullin, folio 17, 82.
[810] Stehelin, op. cit., II. 221-4.
[811] The Very Rev. Sir George Adam Smith, _Syria and the Holy Land_, p. 49 (1918).
[812] Zohar, section Schemoth, folio 7 and 9_b_; section Beschalah, folio 58b (de Pauly's trans., III. 32, 36, 41, 260).
[813] Ibid., section Vayschlah, folio 177_b_ (de Pauly's trans., II. p. 298).
[814] Hastings' _Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics_, article on the Kabbala by H. Loewe.
[815] Eugène Tavernier, _La Religion Nouvelle_, p. 265 (1905).
[816] _Jewish Guardian_ for January 25, 1924.
[817] Deuter. ix. 5.
[818] Dan. ix. 11.
[819] Neh. ix. 26.
[820] Isa. i. 1-17. See also Ezek. xx. 13.
[821] _Jewish Guardian_ for October 1, 1920.
[822] Josephus, _The Jewish War_ (Eng. trans.), IV. 170, 334.
[823] Ibid., V. 152.
[824] See, for example, the descriptions of the horrible cruelty practised in the Jewish schools of Poland in the eighteenth century, given in _The Autobiography of Solomon Maimon_ (Eng. trans., 1888), p. 32.
[825] Treatise Hullin, folio 27_a_.
[826] Talmud, treatise Sanhedrim (Rodkinson's trans, p. 156).
[827] _Encyclopædia Britannica_ (1911 edition), article on Lord Beaconsfield.
[828] Drach, _De l'Harmonie entre l'Église et la Synagogue_, II. 336. This custom is still in force; see the very legitimate complaint of a Jewess in the _Jewish World_ for December 21, 1923, that women are still relegated to the gallery "to be hidden behind the grille, whence they may hear their menfolk bless the Almighty in strident tones that 'Thou hast not made me a woman.'"
[829] Drach, op. cit., II. 335, 336, quoting Talmud, treatise Meghilla folio 23 verso, treatise Berachoth folio 21 verso, treatise Sanhedrim folio 2 recto, Maimonides chap. viii. art 6; Schulchan Arukh, etc.
[830] In this connexion see article on "Jesus" in the _Jewish Encyclopædia_, where the reader is referred to the work of O. Holtzmann (_War Jesus Ekstattker_?), who "agrees that there must have been abnormal mental processes involved in the utterances and behaviour of Jesus."
[831] _Jewish World_ for December 22. 1920.
[832] Exod. i 10.
[833] Sura v. 60 (Everyman's Library edition, p. 493).
[834] Reinhardt Dozy, _Spanish Islam_ (Eng. trans.), p. 651.
[835] J. Denais-Darnays, _Les Juifs en France_, p. 17 (1907).
[836] On the question of the Protocols, see Appendix II.
[837] "Jews have been most conspicuous in connexion with Freemasonry in France since the Revolution."--_Jewish Encyclopædia_, article on Freemasonry.
[838] A.E. Waite, _The Secret Tradition in Freemasonry_, II. 115.
[839] It is significant to notice that in the second and abridged edition of the white Paper issued by the Foreign Office these two most important passages marked with an asterisk were omitted and the first edition was said to be unobtainable.
[840] On this point see also a very interesting pamphlet _From Behind the Vail_, published by Victor Hornyanszky (Budapest, 1920), also Madame Cécile Tormay, _The Diary of an Outlaw_ (1923).
[841] _Revolutionary Radicalism, its History, Purpose, and Tactics, with an Exposition and Discussion of the Steps being taken and required to curb it, being the Report of the Joint Legislative Committee investigating Seditious Activities, filed April_ 24, 1920. _in the Senate of the State of New York_ (Albany, J.B. Lyon Company, Printers, 1920).
[842] _Revolutionary Radicalism_, Vol. I. p. 374.
[843] Ibid., p. 24.
[844] Among those who prominently showed their profound grief at the death of Lenin were Jews, and not merely Jews by origin but conforming Jews. Children from Jewish schools, we learn, joined in the procession, while the Hebrew Art Theatre (Habima) sent a banner with the inscription in Hebrew: "You freed the nations; you will be remembered for ever.' In addition Rabbi Jacob Mase, of Moscow, the Jewish Relief Committee of that city and other Jewish bodies, sent telegrams of condolence; while the Association of Jewish Authors issued a special memorial magazine in Yiddish dedicated to the memory of Lenin."--_Jewish World_ for January 21, 1924.
[845] _Patriot_, for April 26, 1923.
[846] Ibid., May 3, 1923.
[847] _Jewish World_ for January 10, 1924.
[848] Quoted in the _Jewish World_ for January 10, 1924,
[849] _Jewish World_ for November 9, 1922.
[850] _Le Probléme Juif_. pp. 41, 43.
[851] Lenin, _The Soviets at Work_, p. 18.
[852] I do not here ignore the work of the Trade Unions; but the Trade Unions would have been powerless to better conditions without the support of upper and middle-class men in Parliament.
[853] Private communication to author.
[854] See _ante_, p. 343.
[855]Madame Cécile Tormay, in her description of the Jewish Bolshevist régime in Hungary, eloquently observes: "It is said that only a misguided fraction of the Jews is active in the destruction of Hungary. If that be so, why do not the Jews who represent Jewry in London, in New York, and at the Paris Peace Conference disown and brand their tyrant co-religionists in Hungary? Why do they not repudiate all community with them? Why do they not protest against the assaults committed by men of their race?" (_An Outlaw's Diary_, p. 110, 1923).
[856] For example, when religious persecution in Russia was said to have turned against the Jews in the spring of 1923.
[857] _Jewish Intelligence, and Monthly Account of the Proceedings of the London Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews_, April 1846, pp. 111, 112: Letter from the Rev. B.W. Wright.
[858] Gustave Le Bon goes so far as to say that "the Jews have never possessed either arts, sciences, or industries, or anything that constitutes a civilization.... At the time of their greatest power under the reign of Solomon it was from abroad that they were obliged to bring the architects, workmen, and artists, of which no rival then existed in Israel."--_Les Premières Civilisations_, p. 613 (1889). It should be remembered, however, that Hiram, the master-builder, was half, if not wholly, an Israelite.
[859] _Jewish Encyclopedia_, article on Nervous Diseases.
[860] _Jewish World_ for November 9, 1922.
[861] H.M. Hyndman, "The Dawn of a Revolutionary Epoch," in _The Nineteenth Century_ for January 1881.
[862] A committee has recently been formed by the Jewish Board of Guardians to sit on all "anti-Semitic" movements in this country. At a meeting of this body it was complacently announced that "the Committee had obtained the removal of the posters of an anti-Semitic paper from the walls of an important establishment, and steps had been taken to get others removed."--_Jewish Guardian_, February 22, 1924. We wonder whether the Welsh would be able to obtain the removal of posters advertising literature of an anti-Celtic nature. This comes perilously near to a fulfilment of the Protocols.
[863] Drach, _De l'Harmonie entre l'Église et la Synagogue._ I. 79 (1844). It is curious to notice that the Jewish writer Margoliouth makes use of the same expression where he says, "It was well remarked that the house [of Rothschild] 'was spread like a network over the nations.'"--_History of the Jews in Great Britain_, II. 161 (1851).
[864] Eng. trans., Vol. III. p. 591 ff.
[865] Confirmed by Werner Sombart, _The Jews and Modern Capitalism_ (Eng. trans.), p. 203: "The Talmud says: 'Kill even the best of the Gentiles.'" The Zohar also says: "Tradition tells us that the best of the Gentiles deserves death."--Section Vaïqra, folio 14_b_ (de Pauly's trans., Vol. V. p. 42).
[866] Professor H. Graetz, _The History of the Jews_ (Eng. trans.), III. 591-6.
[867] See my _World Revolution_, pp. 296-307. The misapprehension referred to above may have arisen from the resemblance between the title of my book and the series of articles which appeared in the _Morning Post_ under the name of _The Cause of World Unrest_. In view of the fact that these articles were on some points at variance with my own theories, it seems hardly necessary to state that they were not my work. As a matter of fact, I did not know of their existence until they were in print, and later I contributed four supplementary articles signed by my name.
[868] _Spectator_ for June 12, 1920.
[869] James Guillaume, _Documents de l'Internationale_, I. 131.
[870] _Correspondance de Bakounine_, published by Michael Dragomanov, p. 325.
[871] _Le Juif_, etc., pp. 367, 368.
[872] _Revolution and War or Britain's Peril and her Secret Foes_, by Vigilant (1913). A great portion of this book exposing the subtle propaganda of Socialism and Pacifism is admirable; it is only where the author attempts to lay all this to the charge of the Jesuits that he entirely fails to substantiate his case.
TRANSCRIBER NOTES
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Where obvious, typos have been corrected in the text and marked with an alphabetic footnote. Details of each change are listed below.
[A] Changed "centry" to "century".
[B] Changed "Pavly" to "Pauly".
[C] Changed "l'Élise" to "l'Église".
[D] Changed "Mara" to "Marx".