Chapter 64

[Footnote 194: The material for this sketch was contributed by Mrs. George R. Hill, Sr., daughter of Mrs. Melissa Hussey Wood.]

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II. PERIODICALS

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McIlwaine, H.R., ed., _Legislative Journals of The Council of Colonial Virginia_, Richmond, 1925-28, 3 Vols.

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Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, _Annual Reports_, 1938-48.

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Norfleet, Fillmore, _St. Mèmin in Virginia_, Richmond, 1942.

Powell, Mary G., _The History of Old Alexandria, Virginia_. Richmond, Va., 1928. Privately printed.

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Wilstach, Paul, _Mount Vernon_, Garden City, N.Y., 1916.

Index

Acton, R.C., 44

Adam, James, 43

Adam, John, 43

Adam, Robert, 21, 25; disposition of property, 91; real estate transactions, 90, 157; Masonic activities, 91; migration to Virginia, 91

Adam silversmiths, 43f

Adam, William W., 43

Advertisements, 32, 40, 44, 69, 100, 102, 104, 188, 198, 204, 220, 235

Alexander, Charles Francis, 215

Alexander, Gerard, 5

Alexander, John, 3; donation of land to Christ Church, 132; real estate transactions, 169, 182, 242

Alexander, Philip, 5

Alexander, William Thornton, 182; real estate transactions, 217, 223, 242

Alexandria Academy, 25

Alexandria, Town of. _See_ Town of Alexandria

Amusements, 28f

Anderson, James, 224

Apothecary Shop, 195f

Apprentices, 25

Architecture (_See_ entry of specific structure); ability of citizens, 39; influence of English design, 40

Arrell, David, 182

Barcourt, Adolph, 111

Bakeries, 33

Balls, 29, 100

Barbee, David Rankin, 100

Bartle, Samuel, 215

Barton, Benjamin, 44

Beale, Howard, 226

Belhaven, name rejected, 12

Belle Haven, 4

Belvoir, settlement by Fairfax, 78; visitors to, 79

Berkeley, Sir William, 3

Bird, Thomas, 46

Black, Hon. & Mrs. Hugo L., 222

Bounties of land, 186

Braddock, Gen. Edward, 14; expedition, 16

Braddock House, 262

Brissot de Warville, 37

Brockett, Robert, 40, 140

Brook, James, 104

Brown, Dr. Gustavus, 192

Brown House, 119f; visitors to, 122

Brown, John, raid of, 196

Brown, John Douglas, 170

Brown, Ward, 161

Brown, Dr. William, antecedents, 120; civic services, 122; epitaph, 119; medical writings, 122; migration to Virginia, 120; necrology, 122; real estate transactions, 120; treasurer of Fire Company, 150

Building, delinquency in, 14

Buildings, municipal. _See_ Public Works

Burke, John W., 76

Burnett, Charles, 44

Capital, National, establishment, 39. _See_ also District of Columbia.

Capitol, cornerstone laid, 164

Captains' Row, 159

Captains' Walk, 244

Carlyle House, 62f; visitors to, 67

Carlyle, John, 5, 14, 17, 21; ability as architect, 39, 69; bequests, 67, 69; builds Christ Church, 132; civic services, 62, 64, 67f, 69; death, 69; mercantile activities, 64; real estate, 65

Carlyle, Sarah Fairfax, 67

Carlyle, Sybil West, 67

Caton, William, 104

Cazenove, Antoine Charles de, civic services, 246; migration to Virginia, 245

Chatham, 203

Christ Church, 131f; attended by R.E. Lee, 229; lands of, 226-227

Cincinnati, Society of the, 37

Circuses, 31

City Tavern. _See_ Gadsby's Tavern

Civil War, effect on town, 48f

Claggett's Hotel, 242

Coachmaking, 42

Cockfights, 28

Coffee House. _See_ Gadsby's Tavern

Cohen, William, 44

Committee of Safety, 35

Confederate States Army, contribution to, 48

Conway Cabal, 187

Cook, Joseph Francis, 215

Coryell, George, 40, 187; civic services, 188

Coryton, Josiah, 46

Cox, Mr. & Mrs. Hugh B., 112

Craik, George Washington, 190

Craik House, 184f

Craik, Dr. James, 47; antecedents, 184; attends Mrs. Washington, 194; attends Gen. Washington, 192; children of, 190; death, 194; migration to Virginia, 185; militia service, 185; real estate transactions, 187; Revolutionary services, 187

Crilly, Misses, 232

Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 75

Currency, use of pistoles, 9

Currie, James, 170

Customs, taboos, 223

Custis, George Washington Parke, 102

Custis, Nelly, 27

Custis, Washington, 204

Dade, Rev. Townsend, 135

Daingerfield, John B., acquires Lyceum, 256

Dalton, General, 112

Dalton House, 71f

Dalton, John, 14, 21; bequests, 71, 72; civic services, 71; mercantile activities, 71; real estate transactions, 71; visits by Washington, 72

Danna, Rev. Charles B., 136

Davis, Rev. Thomas, 135

Dawe, Philip, 43

Decatur House, bought by Gadsby, 111

De Cazenove. _See_ Cazenove

De Kalb, Baron, 37

Delacour, Joshua, 42

De Lancey, Governor, 15

Delarue, Joseph, 43

Dick, Dr. Elisha Cullen, 28; attends Washington, 163, 192; Masonic services, 164; medical advice, 166; migration to Virginia, 162f; militia service, 164; real estate transactions, 170

Dick, Hannah Harmon, 163

Dinwiddie, Governor, 15

District of Columbia, cession of land to, 39; withdrawal from, 48

Dixon, John, real estate transactions, 114

Domestic economy, 31f

Doughton, Francis, 139

Dowdney, William, 43

Duffey, George, 44

Duffey, John, 44

Dulany, Benjamin, acquaintance with Washington, 173; behavior, 176; poem dedicated to, 178; steward of Jockey Club, 176

Dulany House, 173f

Dunmore, Governor, 35

Du Quesne, Fort, 16

Education, early, 22. _See_ also Schools

English, Samuel, 170

Epidemics, 46, 164

Fairfax, Anne, 77

Fairfax, Bryan, 35, 77, 135

Fairfax, Deborah Gedney Clarke, 77

Fairfax family, antecedents, 77; contribution to Alexandria, 237; intermarriages of, 237

Fairfax, George, 5, 8

Fairfax, George William, 7, 77; aspersions on birth, 83; letter to Sally, 83; move to England, 84; real estate transactions, 88

Fairfax, Hannah, 77

Fairfax (George William) House, 87f

Fairfax, Henry, 77

Fairfax, Dr. Orlando, 235

Fairfax, Sally Cary, social activities, 79

Fairfax, Sarah Walker, 77

Fairfax, Thomas, 5, 53, 77; incensed with Washington, 34; real estate transactions, 234

Fairfax, William, 5, 8, 77; civic services, 78; Fairfax Street home, 60; migration to Virginia, 77; real estate transactions, 88, 157

Fairs, 31; source of income, 9

Fawcett, House, 162f

Female Stranger, legend of, 106f

Fire companies, 47

Fire engines, purchase of, 149f

Fire fighting techniques, 150

Fire insurance, list of properties covered, 154

Fires, 46

First Virginia Regiment, 186

Fitzhugh House, 202f

Fitzhugh, Mary Lee, 204

Fitzhugh, William, 7, 8, 202f; association with Washington, 203; bequests, 205; real estate transactions, 202

Fitzhugh, William Henry, 206

Fleming, Mary E., 207

Fleming, Thomas, 25, 40

Fowle, William, 40, 218

Fox hunting, 31

Frazer, Margaret, 160

Freemasons, Lodge of, 25, 91; contribution to, 106; entertains La Fayette, 110

French, hostile attitude of, 14

Friendship Fire Company, 150, 154

Fry, Joshua, 13

Gadsby, John, 99f; buys Decatur House, 111

Gadsby's Tavern, 242, 99f; fame of, 102; fare, 102; meetings held in, 103; patrons, 100f, 102; visit of Female Stranger, 106; Washington's association, 110f

Galt, James, 46

Galt, William, 46

Ganet, James, 44

Georgian Cottage, 217f

Ghost, of Spring Gardens, 201; of Swope House, 112f

Glebe lands, 226

Goat Castle, 137

Goldsborough, Anna Maria, 206

Goldsmiths. _See_ Silversmiths

Gooch, Governor, 5

Governors, conference of, 15

Great Hunting Creek warehouse, 3

Green, Rev. Charles, 131

Green's Mansions, 262

Greetner, Margaret, 42

Gregory, William, 215

Griffith, Rev. David, 135

Hadsel, Mr. & Mrs. Fred Latimer, 210

Halket, Col. Peter, 15

Hallowell, Benjamin, 40, 208, 240; civic services, 251; describes La Fayette's visit, 247f; early difficulties, 248; financial difficulties, 250; migration to Virginia, 247; reputation grows, 251; sponsors Lyceum, 254

Hamilton, Mrs. Donald M., 246

Hansen, Samuel, 27

Hardware merchants, 44

Harper Houses, 156f

Harper, John, 91; civic services, 161; family history, 160; division of Fairfax property, 93; real estate transactions, 157, 160

Harrison, Mrs. Burton, 237

Harrison, Rev. Elias, 142

Herbert, William, 28

Hill, Mr. & Mrs. Malcolm Westcott, 259

Hodgson, William, disposition of Fairfax property, 96; migration to Virginia, 95; political offenses, 95; real estate transactions, 207

Hog, Peter, 13

Homes, designed layouts, 41

Hooe, James H., 166

Hooe, John Daingerfield, 258

Hooe, Robert Townsend, 255

Horse racing, 28, 176, 198

Horses, importation of, 29, 69

Hough, John, real estate transactions, 157

Houses, distinguished: Apothecary Shop, 195f; Braddock House, 262; Brown House, 119f; Captains' Row, 159; Carlyle House, 62f; Christ Church, 131f; Coffee House, 99; Craik House, 184f; Dalton House, 71f; Dulany House, 173f; Fairfax House, 87f; Fawcett House, 162f; Fitzhugh House, 202f; Gadsby's Tavern, 99f; Harper Houses, 156f; La Fayette-Lawrason-Cazenove House, 239f; Lee House, 225f; Lloyd House, 248; Married Houses, 71f; Marsteller House, 25; Peruke Shop, 127f; Presbyterian Meetinghouse, 139f; Ramsay House, 52f; Sea Captain's Daughter's House, 259f; Sea Captains' Houses, 159; Spring Gardens, 197f; Stratford Hall, 93; Swope House, 112f; Thompson House, 71f; Vowell-Snowden House, 222f; Washington Public School, 25; Yeaton-Fairfax House, 232f

Howsing, Robert, 3

Huges, Benjamin, 215

Hussey, Melissa Ann (Wood), 259f

Hussey, Capt. Samuel Bancroft, 259

Imports, 33f

Indians, hostile attitude of, 14

Industries, 42

Janney, John, 46

Jefferson, Thomas, ability as architect, 39

Jewelers, 44

Jockey Club, 29, 198; Washington's disagreement with, 176

Johns, Bishop, 136

Johnson, Alexious, 215

Johnson, Thomas, 47

Johnston, George, 14, 21, 53

Jones, Charles, 42

Jones, John Paul, 37

Joynt, Mr. & Mrs. John Howard, 173, 183

Keith, Rev. Isaac Stockton, 140

Klipstein, George T., 215

Knox, Henry, letter from Washington, 213

Korell, Mr. & Mrs. Franklin F., 225

Ladd, John Gardner, 96

La Fayette, Marquis de, 37; entertained by Masonic lodge, 110; toast to town, 49; visit to Alexandria, 176, 239; visit described by Hallowell, 247f; visit to Henry Lee, 208; visit to Lawrason home, 239f

La Fayette-Lawrason-Cazenove House, 239f

Lamphire, Going, 39

Latrobe, Benjamin H., 183

Laundries, 42

Lawrason, Mrs. Elizabeth, 44, 242

Lawrason family, origin of, 244

Lawrason House, visit of La Fayette to, 239f

Lawrason, James, 242

Lawrason, John, 46

Leadbeater, Mr., 195

Lear, Tobias, 192

Lee, Arthur, bequest, 226; civic services, 225f

Lee, Cassius, 134, 227

Lee, Charles, 227; real estate transactions, 226

Lee, Edmund (I.) Jennings, 28; bequests, 227; civic services, 227; real estate transactions, 226, 227; visitor to Mount Vernon, 226

Lee (Edmund Jennings) House, 225f

Lee, Francis, 21

Lee family, connection with Mount Vernon, 226

Lee, Henry ("Light Horse Harry"), 37, 208

Lee, Ludwell, 28

Lee, Mary Custis, 208

Lee, Robert Edward, 27, 196, 202f, 227; accepts Confederate command, 229; association with Lloyds, 252; attends Hallowell school, 248; confirmed at Christ Church, 136; member of Christ Church, 229; resigns from Army, 229

Lee, Thomas, 93

Lee, William, civic services, 93

Lewis, Lawrence, 27

Lewis, Lorenzo, 27

Library, municipal, 255

Lloyd family, association with Lees, 252; idiosyncrasies, 253

Lloyd House, 248

Lloyd, John, 251

Lodge, Henry Cabot, description of Virginia society, 225

Lodging, cost of, 197

London Company, 3

Lots, auction of, 7f; division of town into, 6; prices paid for, 9

Lotteries, source of income, 9, 21

Lyceum, municipal, 254f; sold to Daingerfields, 256

Lyle, William, 92; civic services, 92; mercantile activities, 92

Lynn, Adam, 44

MacCrea, Mrs. Donald, 237

MacKenzie, Lewis, 96

Madison, James, comment on immigrants, 52

Makemie, Francis, 139

Married Houses, 71f

Marshburn, Mrs. Herbert E., 71

Marsteller House, 25

Mason, George, 7, 53; ability as architect, 39

Matthews, Miss Frona, 60

McGuire, Dr. Hugh, 258

McGuire, Sara J., 258

McIver, Colin, real estate transactions, 130

McKenzey, William, 170

Meade, Rev. William, 136

Mercer, George, 188

Merchants, activities of, 42

Meredith, Reese, letter to Washington, 157

Merryman, Joshua, 42

Militia, attachment to Braddock's command, 16; composition, 14

Miller, Mordecai, 44

Moncure, Rev. John, real estate transactions, 127

Moore, Col. & Mrs. Charles B., 87, 99, 215

Moore family, 127; acquisition of Sewell property, 130

Moore, Cleon, 27

Morris, Governor, 15

Morris, Gouverneur, 236

Morris, Patsy J., 236

Mount Vernon, associated with Lee family, 226; funds hidden, 76; visitors to, 57f, 120

Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, 75

Muir, Rev. James, 140; burial of, 141

Murray, Mrs. Alexander, 112

Murry, John, 189

Murry, Patrick, real estate transactions, 169

Mutual Assurance Society, 154

New Theatre, 28

Newspapers, 28; _Alexandria Gazette_, oldest, 222

Newton, William, 170

O'Conner, Eliza Harriot, 27

Organ, Christ Church, 136

Orme, Lt. Robert, 15

Osborne, Richard, 5

Pagan, John, 5

Pain, William, 40

Parsons, James, 39; builds Christ Church, 132

Pastors, distinguished, 135f

Patterson, James, 39

Patton, James, 217; indebtedness, 218

Peake, Col. W.H., 201

Peruke Shop, 127f

Peterkin, Constance Lee, 134

Pew marker, Washington's, 134

Pickens, Mrs. Andrew, 217

Piper, John, 46

Pistole, use in Colony, 9

Pittman, John, 44

Pohick Church, 134

Port of Alexandria, activity, 33; decline in activity, 46f; importance of, 17f

Porter, Thomas, 28

Potomac Navigation Company, 47f

Potomac River, navigation of, 47

Potts, John, 202

Powell, Mary G., 25, 161, 211, 222

Powell, Molly Gregory, 134

Presbyterian Cemetery, 146

Presbyterian Manse, 40

Presbyterian Meetinghouse, 39, 69, 139f

Public works, 12, 21

Publishers, 42

Railroads, 48

Ramsay, Alexander, 52

Ramsay, Ann McCarty, memorial to, 61; patriotic activities, 55

Ramsay House, 52f

Ramsay, William, 5, 14, 17, 21; activities of sons, 56f; bequests, 59; civic services, 54; family, 55; funeral, 60; initial founder, 52f; letter to Dennis, 56; memorial to, 60; mercantile activities, 53; real estate transactions, 55, 114f, 130

Reese, Mrs. Robert M., 99, 195

Relief Fire Company, 150

Religious tolerance, 139

Revolution, aftermath of, 34

Ricketts, John Thomas, 170

Riddle, Joseph, 28, 46

Roberts, Reuben, 259

Robinson, Joseph, 188

Rochambeau, Count de, 37

Rochefoucauld, Duc de la, 39

Rogers, Walter G., 215

Roofers, 46

Rush, Dr. Benjamin, 56, 162

Saint Mary's Church, 255

Saint Paul's Church, 183

Salkeld, Henry, 9

Sandford, Edward, 43

Sayers, Dr. & Mrs. R.R., 203

Scheffer, Lloyd L., 62

Schools, 22, 141; Hallowell's, 247f

Scott, Gen. Winfield, 196

Sea Captain's Daughter's House, 259f

Sea Captains' Houses, 159

Servants, 31, 128

Seventeenth Virginia Infantry, 48, 258

Sewell, William, indebtedness, 128; real estate mortgaged, 130; real estate purchases, 128

Sharpe, Governor, 15

Sheen, Gordon, 112

Shipbuilding, 18

Shippen, Dr. William, 162

Shipping. _See_ Port of Alexandria

Shirley, Governor, 15

Short, John, 46, 188

Shreve, Benjamin, 242

Shuter's Hill, anonymous poem, 178f

Silversmiths, 42

Sinclair, Mrs. C.A.S., 99

Slaves, 115, 164, 165, 262

Smith, William, 170

Smoot, Mr. & Mrs. W.A., 253

Snowden, Edgar, civic services, 222

Snowden, Samuel, 222

Spaatz, Gen. Carl, 188

Sports, 31

Spring Gardens, 197f

Stabler, Edward, 195

Star Fire Company, 154

Stratford Hall, 93

Stuart, Dr. David, 27

Stuart, Lt. J.E.B., 196

Sun Fire Company, 147f; membership, 151

Swope House, 112f

Swope, Michael, civic services, 116; migration to Alexandria, 117; real estate transactions, 117

Taverns, fame of, 197

Taylor, E.P., 42

Taylor, George, 218

Taylor, J. Frank, 215

Taylor, Lawrence B., 223

Taylor, Robert I., 104, 183, 218

Theatres, erection of, 28

Thom, Rev. William, 140

Thompson House, 71f

Thompson, Jonah, 28; real estate transactions, 74

Tobacco, supplanted by wheat, 32; use as exchange, 4, 17

Tolley, Hon. & Mrs. Howard R., 119, 126

Town of Alexandria, building of, 9f; capital of West Virginia, 48; decline and resurgence, 46f; early growth, 17f; effect of Civil War, 48; effect of War of 1812, 47f; enlargement, 21; establishment, 5; genesis, 3f; name adopted, 12; paradox of location, 49; part of federal district, 39; post-Revolution building, 40; re-ceded to Virginia, 48

Towns, colonial, authority asked to erect, 5

Tradesmen, activities of, 42

Trott, Mr. & Mrs. Harlan, 210

Turner, Charles, 43

Twining, Thomas, 39

Van Braam, Jacob, 13

Virginia Bill of Rights, 103

Virginia Colony, development of, 3f

Vowell, John Cripps, 160

Vowell-Snowden House, 222f

Vowell, Thomas Jr., 160; real estate transactions, 223

Warren, Anne, 110

Washington, Augustine, 7, 14; letter to Lawrence, 7; real estate transactions, 114

Washington, city of. _See_ District of Columbia

Washington, George, 7; ability as architect, 39; activities as farmer, 32; advice to Braddock, 16; association with Fitzhughs, 203; attends Ramsay funeral, 61; bequests, 193, 212, 214; association with Fairfaxes, 78f; disposition of real estate, 215; domestic purchases, 19f; education as surveyor, 79; elected town trustee, 21; encourages navigation, 47; envisions waterways, 186; last illness, 192; letter from Meredith, 157; letter to Cary & Company, 18; letter to Knox, 213; letters to Sally Fairfax, 82, 85; Masonic funeral, 140; mercantile interests, 212; necrology, 230; patron of Gadsby's, 110f; patron of learning, 25; patron of Spring Gardens, 200; pew marker saved, 134; real estate transactions, 210f; resigns commission, 14; service as vestryman, 134; steward of Jockey Club, 29; supervises Fairfax interests, 84; tenements owned by, 210; tomb designed by Yeaton, 237; visit to French commandant, 13; warned of Cabal, 187

Washington, George Steptoe, 27

Washington, John Augustine, 76

Washington, Lawrence, 5, 7, 53

Washington, Lawrence Augustine, 27; real estate transactions, 215

Washington, Lund, 35

Washington, Martha, 35; attended by Dr. Craik, 194; letter to Betty Ramsay, 58

Washington Public School, 25

Washington, Robert W., 215

Washington, Samuel, 27

Watchmakers, 44

Watson, Josiah, 28

Weld, Isaac, 39

West, Anne, 188

West, Hugh, 4, 5

West, John, 8, 17

West, Thomas Wade, 28

West Virginia, town becomes capital of, 48

Weylie, John, 27

Wheat, supplants tobacco, 32

Wheat brokers, 32

Widows, fashion affecting, 253

Wilkinson, Thomas, 242

Williams, William A., 44

Wilson, Daniel, 188

Wise, John, 99f

Wise, N.S., 104

Wood, Melissa Ann Hussey, 259f

Wood, Robert Lewis, 262

Wormley, Ralph, 7

Wren, James, 40; designs Christ Church, 132

Wren, William, 25

Yates Tavern. _See_ Spring Gardens

Yeaton, William, 40; designs Washington's Tomb, 237; migration to Virginia, 232; real estate transactions, 232, 234

Yeaton, William C., 207

Yeaton-Fairfax House, 232f

Yellow fever epidemic, 46

Zimmerman, Henry, 226