Part 17
abridger abr. afterwards aftw. annotater annot. born b. collector col. company co. commentator comment. compiler comp. continuer contin. died d. department dept. editor ed. Great Britain Gr. Br. pseudonym pseud. publisher pub. superintendent supt. translator tr. United States U. S. veuve vve. wittwe wwe. include maiden name of married woman. ( ) include words or parts of words supplied. [ ] probably, perhaps ? after a word.
Use also the common abbreviations for political, military, professional, and honorary titles.
FOR IMPRINTS AND NOTES.
Auflage, Ausgabe Aufl., Ausg. Band Bd. Bohn’s scientific library B. S. L. calf cf. cloth cl. copyright c. e. g., 1882 [c. ’80]. edited, -ion, -or ed. fac-similes fac-sim. folios f. group of portraits gr. of por. Harper’s family library H. F. L. illustrated, -ions il. leaves l. morocco mor. mutilated mut. no date of pub. n. d. no place of pub. n. p. no title-page n. t. p. page, pages p. pamphlet, pamphlets pam. paper pap. photographs phot. portrait of group por. of gr. portrait, portraits por. Roxburgh rxb. sheep sh. square sq. tables tab. title-page t.-p. title-page mutilated, wanting t. p. m., t. p. w. unbound unbd. unpaged unp. vellum vel. volume, volumes v. (in the imprint), Vol. (in the title).[72] with (before words) w. wanting (after words) w.
In notes the abbreviations in all these lists may be used.
[note] 72. _I. e._, Vol. 1 _but_ 2 v.[/note]
{124}
FOR BOOK TITLES.
abridged abr. abbreviations abbr. account acct. additional, -ons add. American Amer. or Am. analysis, -tical anal. anonymous anon. appended, -ix app. aus dem Lateinischen a. d. Lat. born b. biblical, bibliographical, bibliotheca, etc. bibl. biographical, -phy biog. book bk. Christian Chr. chronological chron. classical class. collected, -ions, college, colored col. commerce, -ial, committee com. compiled, -er comp. concerning conc. containing, contents, continued cont. copy, copyrighted cop. corrected cor. crown, _size of book_ cr. cyclopædia cyc. Danish Dan. died d. department dept. domestic dom. elementary, -ts elem. encyclopædia encyc. English Eng. engraved, -er, -ings eng. enlarged enl. fiction fict. folios, _i. e._, leaves ff. from fr. French Fr. geography geog. geology geol. geometry geom. German Germ. gesammelte, gesammt ges. Geschichte Ges. or Gesch. grammar, -tical gram. great gr. Greek Gr. half hf. historical, -y hist. homœopathic homœop. herausgegeben hrsg. illustrated, -ions il. imperfect imp. improved impr. including incl. increased incr. intorno int. introduction, -ory introd. Italian Ital. juvenile juv. Latin Lat. library lib. literary, -ture lit. medical, -ine med. memoir mem. miscellaneous misc. manuscript, -ts ms., mss. national, natural nat. new series n. s. nouvelle nouv. number, -s no., nos. oblong obl. preface, -ed, prefixed pref. pseudonym, -ous ps. part pt. published, -er pub. recensuit, record rec. relating, relative rel. report rept. review, revised, -ion rev. Roman Rom. Russian Rus. sämmtlich sämm. science, scientific sci. selected, -ions sel. separate sep. series s. or ser. small sm. society soc. supplement, -ary, -ing sup. Swedish Swed. theology theol. transactions trans. translated, -or, traduit, tradotto, etc. tr. übersetzt übers, und u. vocabulary vocab. von v. van to be given in full. in, contained in ( ) {125} words added to title [ ] to and included in, or continued — matter omitted ... probably, perhaps ? end of line on title-page | transition to another title-page || vo, mo, to, in octavo, duodecimo, quarto º
FOR PLACES OF PUBLICATION.
Use first form on cards. In accession and all official records use shortest form.
Albany «Alb.» Amsterdam «Amst.» Baltimore «Balt.» Berlin «Ber.» Boston «B.» or «Bost.» Braunschweig «Brns.» Cambridge «Camb.» or «Cb.» Chicago «Chic.» or «Ch.» Cincinnati «Cin.» Copenhagen «Copng.» Edinburgh «Edin.» or «Ed.» England «Eng.» Firenze «Fir.» France «Fr.» Germany «Germ.» Glasgow «Glasg.» or «Gl.» Gotinga «Got.» Göttingen «Göt.» Kjöbenhavn «Kjöb.» London «L.» or «Lond.» Leyden «Ley.» Leipzig «Lpz.» Lugduni Batavorum «Lug. Bat.» Milano «Mil.» München «Mün.» New Orleans «N. O.» New York «N. Y.» Oxford «Oxf.» Paris «P.» or «Par.» Philadelphia «Ph.» or «Phil.» St. Louis «St. L.» St. Petersburg «St. Pet.» or «St. P.» San Francisco «San Fran.» or «S. F.» Stuttgart «Stut.» Torino «Tor.» United States «U. S.» Venice «Ven.» or «V.» Washington «W.» or «Wash.»
Also the common abbreviations for the States. Use for all languages when the equivalent name contains these letters.
TITLES, STATES, ETC.
bachelor of arts «A. B.» archbishop «abp.» year of our Lord «A. D.» adjutant «adjt.» admiral «adm.» Alabama «Ala.» Master of Arts «A. M.» American «Am.» or «Amer.» associate of the Royal Academy «A. R. A.» attorney «atty.» bachelor of arts «B. A.» baronet «bart.» before Christ «B. C.» bishop «bp.» brigadier general «brig. gen.» California «Cal.» captain «capt.» Colorado «Col.» Confederate States of America or C. S. army «C. S. A.» C. S. navy «C. S. N.» Connecticut «Ct.»
MONTHS.
Ja. F. Mr. Ap. My. Je. Jl. Ag. S. O. N. D.
DAYS.
Su. M. Tu. W. Th. F. St. {126}
SIZE NOTATION.
_Fold symbol._ _Size letter._ _Outside height._
Never use for size. Never use for fold. In centimeters.
48º Fe Up to 10 32º Tt 10 – 12.5 24º T 12.5 – 15 16º S 15 – 17.5 12º D 17.5 – 20 8º O 20 – 25 4º Q 25 – 30 fº F 30 – 35 F⁴ 35 – 40 F⁵ 40 – 50
Prefix _nar._ if width is less than ⅗ height. Prefix _sq._ if width is more than ¾ height. Prefix _ob._ if width is more than height.
For all books over 35^{cm} high the superior figures show in which 10^{cm} of height the book falls, e. g., F⁸ is between 70 and 80^{cm} high.
_Actual size method._
Give all sizes in cm (for greater accuracy adding decimals), leaving the old symbols and names, 8º and Octavo to indicate fold only. Give height first, followed by h, or by × and width, e. g., 23^h or 23 × 14. 23^h means between 22 and 23, i. e., in 23^d cm. All measures are taken outside the cover. Width is from hinge to edge not including the round. To measure paper or letter-press, prefix p(aper) or t(ype) to figures, including in type neither folio nor signature lines.
APPENDIX VI.
So far we have been considering only the catalogue by which the library communicates with the public; but a librarian needs several others for library service: (1) The Catalogue of books ordered; (2) The Accessions catalogue; (3) The Periodical-and continuation-book; (4) The Shelf-list; (5) The Catalogue of books missing; (6) The Tract-catalogue; (7) The Catalogue of duplicates to be sold; (8) The Catalogue of duplicates sold or exchanged.
(2) and (8) are necessary for the preservation of the history of the library and important in its financial management.
(6) is a modification of (5). It is a list of the tracts contained in bound volumes, by which the abstraction of any particular tract can be ascertained, or the extent of the loss if the whole volume disappears. All this might be entered on the shelf-list, but it is more convenient to keep the record of the tract-volumes together. Sometimes part of a tract-list is inserted in the public catalogue. You may see collections of pamphlets on various subjects by various authors recorded under a made-up heading «Tracts», or «Pamphlets», a style of entry that is nearly useless. The whole of the Prince catalogue of 1846 was made in this absurd way. A number of tracts by a single author may indeed for economy be catalogued under him in one mass like a “contents,” and the same may be {127} done for tracts on a single subject, though there are objections even to this; but to catalogue the writings of several authors under an arbitrary heading (as «Plays», «Speeches», «French Revolution»), to which references merely are made under the authors, is to be economical at altogether too great an expense of trouble to the public,—to say nothing of the incongruity of a form or subject heading for an author-entry.
(4), the shelf-list, ought to be so made (_a_) that the entry of each book in the catalogue can be readily found from it; (_b_) that the book can be readily identified with the entry on the shelf-list; (_c_) that at the annual examination or taking account of stock the shelf-reader shall know at once what book is meant as each title is read by the list-reader. For these reasons the list should contain the author’s name (or first word, etc., if the book is anonymous), part of the real title, the binder’s title (which will generally be the same as the real), and the place and date of printing. If the author’s name, or any part of the title, is not on the back of the book it should be inclosed in parentheses.
_Ex._ Appuleius. Metamorphoses, tr. Head. L. 1851. 1
(Reinhardt. Artist’s journey.) Bost. 1872. 1
A briefer shelf-list can be made by merely entering the book’s number and the accessions number, so that the full title can be found if needed by referring to the accessions-book.
(2), (3), and (8) are best kept in books; (4) and (6) on separate sheets of paper; (1), (5), and (7) on cards. When the catalogue is kept on cards (5) can be made by merely separating the cards of such books as are missing.
(1). After some experiments I have preferred the following method of keeping the order-list. The titles of books proposed for purchase are type-written on ruled slips of stiff paper 12½ cm. long by 5 cm. wide. If approved by the committee a check is made at the left of the title. A searcher then ascertains whether the library already has the book; if it has, the card is destroyed or sent with this information to the person who asked for the book; if not, the searcher puts her initials and the date in the lower left-hand corner. The cards are then sorted into parcels for the English, French, or German agents; and an order is written, the writer first making sure, by looking among the cards of previous orders, that none of the books has already been sent for. In the order a running number is given to each title and a corresponding number is put on the card.
The name of the author is entered in a book opposite the running number, and the date is put there against the first number of each order.[73] The cards are then all stamped on the left with the date, and put away in a drawer alphabetically with other cards of books ordered. When a {128} box of books comes, the corresponding cards are picked out and stamped on the right with the date. They receive the accessions-number when the books are entered on the accessions-catalogue, the class-number when the books are placed, and are corrected when the books are catalogued; for, having usually been written from advertisements, these cards are often incorrect. When a number have accumulated they are sorted in the order of class-numbers and the entry on the class-catalogue is made from them. They are then put away alphabetically in drawers accessible only to the library-attendants, and form the index of the accessions-book. When a duplicate volume is exchanged or sold the date, its price, and receiver are noted on the order card.
The system is economical. One card serves many purposes and with little writing answers all the questions likely to come up: Has this book been proposed to the Book Committee? (Books rejected are kept in a separate drawer.) Has it been approved? Ordered? When? From whom? Who is responsible for the error if it turns out a duplicate? When was it received? Where is it entered in the Accessions-catalogue (that we may ascertain its price and condition)? Where was it first located? If any one of the questions is not to be asked then the corresponding process can be dispensed with. The list, of which an example is given in the note below, is not necessary but convenient.
[Specimen.]
Darwin, Charles. IXHZ Coral reefs. 2d ed. London, 1874. 8º. .D35 [On the back of the card is] 2915 [the order No.] [Stamp, with date of order.] [Stamp, with date of receipt.] 39625 [the accession No.]
[note] 73. Jan. 1, 1875. 1497 Black. 1498 Hammond. 1499 Grenville. 1500 Sampson.[/note]
APPENDIX VII.
SOME WORKS OF REFERENCE.
I have set down here chiefly those works which I find to be of _constant_ use in cataloguing. One occasionally needs many more, even for a short investigation. A complete and systematic view of bibliographical literature is given in Petzholdt’s “Bibliotheca bibliographica. Leipzig, 1866,” and many of the more modern works may be found in Vallée’s Bibliographie des bibliographies, Paris, 1883, and supplement, 1887. Powers’ “Handy-book about books. London, 1870,” contains a useful list, which is reprinted, with additions, in Sabin’s “American bibliopolist.” C: H. Hull’s “Help’s for cataloguers in finding full names” in the _Library journal_, Jan., 1889, gives an excellent classified list with descriptive notes. {129}
BALLHORN. Grammatography. Lond., 1861. O. 7_s._ 6_d._
BRUNET. Manuel. 5^e éd. Paris, 1860–65. 6 v. O. 120 _fr._, and Supplement. Par Deschamps et Brunet. Paris, 1878–80. 2 v. O.
HŒFER. Nouvelle biographie générale. Paris, 1852–66. 46 v. O. 184 _fr._
HORNE. Introd. to bibliography. Lond., 1814. 2 v. O. _Antiq._ 18_s._
JOECHER. Allgem. Gelehrten-Lexikon. Lpz., 1850–51. 4 v., Q., and Fortsetzung. Bremen, 1784–1819. 6 v. Q. _Antiq._ 40 _fl._
LAROUSSE. Dictionnaire universel. Paris, 1866–89. 15 v. and 2 suppl. O. 635 _fr._
MEN of the time. 12th ed. Lond., 1887. D. 15_s._
MICHAELIS. Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gebräuchlichsten Taufnamen. Berl., 1856. O. 15 _Ngr._
OETTINGER. Moniteur des dates. Dresde, 1866–68. 6 v. Q. 35 _Thlr._ Supplément. Lpz., 1873–82. 3 v. Q. 90 _M._
ROSSE. Index of dates. Lond., _Bohn_, 1858. 2 v. O. $2.50.
SANDERS. Celebrities of the Century. Lond., 1887. O. 21_s._
THOMAS. Universal dict. of biography and mythology. Phila., 1870. 2 v. O. $22, or 1 v. $15.
TOWNSEND. Manual of dates. 5th ed. Lond., 1877. O. 18_s._
VAPEREAU. Dict. des contemporains. 5^e éd. Paris, 1880. O. 25 _fr._
The catalogues of the following libraries: ADVOCATES’, ASTOR, BOSTON ATHENÆUM, BRITISH MUSEUM, PEABODY INSTITUTE (Baltimore), are the most useful.
AMERICAN.
ALLIBONE. Dict. of Eng. literature. Phila., 1858–71. 3v. O. $22.50.
CUSHING. Anonyms. Camb., 1889. 2 pts. [A–Main]. O.
CUSHING. Initials and pseudonyms. N. Y., 1885. O., and 2d series. N. Y., 1888. O.
DRAKE. Dict. of Amer. biog. Rev. ed. Bost., 1875. O. $6.
HARRISSE. Biblioth. Amer. vetustissima; works rel. to Amer. pub. 1492–1551. N. Y., 1866. O. $20.
LEYPOLDT. American catalogue; books in print July 1, 1876. N. Y., 1880–81. 2 v. F.—1876–84. N. Y., 1885. 2 v. F.
SABIN. Dict. of books rel. to Amer. N. Y., 1868, etc. Q. $5 per vol.
SPRAGUE. Annals of the American pulpit. N. Y., 1857–69. 9 v. O. $36.
THOMAS. History of printing in America. 2d ed. Albany, 1874. 2 v. O. $8
The following may sometimes be of use: ROORBACH’S Biblioth. Amer., 1820–61. 4 v. O., and KELLY’S Amer. catalogue, 1861–71. N. Y., 1866–71. 2 v. O; and the general catalogues of colleges. {130}
ANONYMS AND PSEUDONYMS.
The most useful books are mentioned under their respective languages, American (CUSHING), English (HALKETT _and_ LAING), French (BARBIER _and_ QUÉRARD). A list of new discoveries is published each month in the Library Journal.
ART.
MEYER. Allgemeines Künstler-Lexikon. 2. Aufl. von Nagler’s Künstler-Lexikon. 1.–3. Bd.: A–Bez. Lpz., 1872–85. O.
NAGLER. Die Monogrammisten. München, 1858–79. 5 v. O.
POLLEN. Universal catal. of books on art. Lond., 1858–77. 2 v. and suppl. sq. O. 29_s._
THIES. Catalogue of the engravings bequeathed to Harvard College by F. C. Gray. Camb., 1869. Q.
BELGIAN.
BRUSSELS. ACAD. ROY. DE BELGIQUE. Biographie nationale [A-H]. Brux., 1866–87. 9 v. O.
DANISH.
BRICKA. Dansk. biog. Lex. 1. Bind [A–Bea]. Kopenh., 1887. O.
BOTANY.
PAXTON. Botanical dictionary. New ed. London, 1868. O. 25_s._
DUTCH.
KOBUS _and_ RIVECOURT. Biog. handwoordenboek. Zutphen, 1854–61. 3 v. O. About $4.
Convenient; for fuller details use
AA. Biog. woordenboek. Haarlem, 1852–78. 21 v. O.
ENGLISH.
ALLIBONE. Dict. of Eng. literature. Phila., 1858–71. 3 v. O. $22.50.
A continuation is in preparation.
BURKE. Dormant and extinct peerages. New ed. Lond., 1866. O. 42_s._
BURKE. Landed gentry. 7th ed. Lond., 1886. 2 v. O.
BURKE. Peerage and baronetage. 51st ed. Lond., 1888. O. 38_s._
COLLIER. Bibliog. account of the rarest works in English. Lond., 1868. 2 v. O., or N. Y., 1868. 2 v. O. $16.
DARLING. Cyclopædia bibliog.: Authors. Lond., 1854. O. 52_s._ 6_d._
Chiefly English theol. works. {131}
DOYLE. Official baronage of England. Lond., 1886. O. 8º. 105_s._
HALKETT _and_ LAING. Dict. of the anon. and pseudon. lit. of Gr. Britain. Edin., 1882–88. 4 v. O. 168_s._
HAYDN. Book of dignities. Lond., 1851. O. 25_s._
LOWNDES. Bibliog. manual of Eng. literature. New ed., enl. by H. G. Bohn. Lond., 1857–64. 6 v. D. 33_s._
NICOLAS. Historic peerage. Lond., 1857. O. 30_s._
STEPHEN. Dict. of national biography. Vol. 1—20: A—Garner. Lond., 1885–89. 20 v. O.
THOMAS. Handbook of fictitious names; by Olphar Hamst [pseud.]. Lond., 1868. O. 7_s._ 6_d._
WALFORD. County families. New ed. Lond., 1888. O. 50_s._
WARD. Men of the reign. Lond., 1885. D. 15_s._
WATT. Bibliotheca Britannica. Edin., 1824. 4 v. Q. _Antiq._ £4 15_s._
The following may sometimes be of use: LOW’S English catalogue, 1835–80. Lond., 1864–82. 3 v. O. 117_s._, and LOW’S [Subject] index to the British catalogue, 1837–80. Lond., 1858–84. 3 v. O. 86_s._
Crockford’s Clerical directory, the Medical directory of Great Britain, the Army list, and similar registers afford assistance.
FRENCH.
BARBIER. Ouvrages anonymes. 3^e éd. Paris, 1872–79. 4 v. O. 60 _fr._
LORENZ. Catal. gén. de la librairie française, depuis 1840. Paris, 1867–88. 11 v. O. 330 _fr._
POTIQUET. L’Institut National de France. Paris, 1871. O. 8 _fr._
QUÉRARD. La France littéraire. Paris, 1827–39. 10 v. O. 120 _fr._
QUÉRARD. Supercheries littéraires. 2^e éd. Paris, 1869–70. 3 v. O. 60 _fr._
QUÉRARD _and others_. La littérature française contemporaine. Paris, 1842–57. 6 v. O. 96 _fr._
GEOGRAPHY.
THOMAS _and_ BALDWIN. Lippincott’s gazetteer. New ed. Phila., 1882, l. O. $12.
GERMAN.
HEINSIUS. Allgem. Bücher-Lexikon; Verzeichniss aller von 1700 bis 1879 erschienenen Bücher. Lpz., 1812–82. 16 v. Q.
KAYSER. Vollständ. Bücher-Lexikon, 1750–1886. Lpz., 1834–87. 24 v. Q. About $60, but now reduced to 140 marks.