Rowing

Chapter III., rule 7.

Chapter 197,785 wordsPublic domain

XI.--That the boats row down to their stations in reversed order, the last boat of each division starting first.

XII.--That on racing days in the Lent Term a gun be fired at the Railway Bridge, at 3 p.m., as a signal for the last boat of the second division to row down; at 3.15 p.m. for the first boat of the division; and a third at 4 p.m. for the first boat of the first division. That in the Easter Term corresponding signals be fired for the second and first division boats at 5, 5.15, and 6.15 p.m. respectively. That boats starting late be fined one guinea.

That at the close of each race of the second division in the Lent Term, and of the second division in the Easter Term, a gun be fired at the Bridge; and that until this gun be fired no boat of the other racing division shall pass below the Ash Plantation under penalty of one guinea. That the umpire be responsible for the punctual firing of these guns. That any racing boat, leaving so late as to be obliged to pass the first boat of its division below Ditton Corner, be fined one guinea by the captain of the latter on behalf of the C.U.B.C. That the captain of the first boat starting late, or neglecting to act as this rule directs, be fined one guinea.

XIII.--That the races be bumping races, and the starting posts be 175 feet apart. That the last post be at Baitsbite-lock, and the winning-posts at the Big Horse-grind and the first ditch above the Railway Bridge.

XIV.--That the first seven boats in all divisions be obliged to go up to the further post at the Big Horse-grind, and the other boats be obliged to stop at the nearer post at the first ditch above the Railway Bridge; also that the eighth boats have the option of stopping at the nearer or going on to the further post.

XV.--That each boat start with the coxswain holding a line 36 feet in length attached to its post (or, if he by chance lose the line, with No. 7's rowlock opposite the post); that otherwise it cannot make a bump, but is subject to be bumped and to be fined one guinea.

XVI.--That if a boat miss a race, the boat behind it shall row past its post and be allowed the bump, and that the boat missing the race be fined one guinea.

XVII.--That the boats be started by three guns: the first gun shall be fired when the head boat shall have arrived at its post, the order being given by the captain of that boat; the second gun three minutes after the first, and the last gun one minute after the second.

XVIII.--That a boat be considered fairly bumped when it is touched by any part of the boat behind it, before its stern is past the winning-post; passing a boat being equivalent to a bump, providing the passing boat draw its whole length in advance. (The word boat includes the ship, crew, and oars, if in rowlock). That the coxswain of a boat so bumped shall immediately acknowledge the bump by holding up his hand, and that the crew making the bump immediately cease rowing; that any crew neglecting this rule be fined one guinea.

XIX.--That when one boat bumps another, both shall immediately draw aside till the racing boats have passed; that the last boat carry a white flag in the bows; that any boat neglecting this rule be fined one guinea.

XX.--That if one boat bumps another they exchange places, whatever may have been their position before starting. That any boat making a bump may row up after the race with its flag hoisted; as also the boat rowing head.

XXI.--That in order to claim a bump, the captain, on arriving at the Goldie Boat-house, must bracket the bump, state where it took place, and sign his name on the secretary's list; if the bump be not bracketed he shall be fined one guinea, but that the bumps shall, on sufficient evidence, be allowed; and that no bumps can be claimed after six o'clock in the Lent Term, or after nine in the Easter Term, or disputed after nine on the following morning.

XXII.--That all cases of disputed bumps be referred to the president, or his deputy, and the four first-boat captains, in residence, of the clubs in their order on the river who are not concerned in the dispute, whose decision shall be final; and who shall have the power, in all doubtful cases, of causing the boats concerned to row the race again, starting from their original posts; and that there be representatives at the meeting of the clubs interested in the dispute.

. . . . . .

XXV.--That watermen be allowed to coach members of College boats in tub-pairs only till within a fortnight of the first day of the races.

. . . . . .

XXVII.--That breaches of Regulations issued by the officers of the C.U.B.C. be liable to a fine of one guinea.

LENT TERM RACES AND TIME RACES.

I.--That all clubs wishing to put another boat on the river must enter such boat with the secretary of the C.U.B.C. on or before a date to be appointed by him at the beginning of the Lent Term.

Entrance fee, three guineas, to be paid at the time of entry.

II.--That the Rules for these races be the same as those for the "Getting-on" races in the Easter Term, and that the races be under the management of the C.U.B.C. or their deputies [see chapter II., rule 10 (1)].

III.--That no first boat of a club be obliged to row for its place.

IV.--That these races be rowed on days preceding the Lent races.

V.--That no man shall row in these time races (1) who has rowed on any night of the previous May races, or (2) who does not comply with Chapter II., rule 7.

VI.--That no man who has rowed in the successful boat or boats during these trial time-races shall row in a higher boat in the following Lent races, except under peculiar circumstances, to be decided upon by the president, or his deputy, and the four senior captains in residence who are not concerned.

VII.--That when more than two boats start in a heat to race for getting on the river, such heat be started by three guns: the first gun to be fired when the last boat to come down shall have arrived at its post, the order being given by the umpire; the second gun three minutes after the first, and the last one minute after the second. That chains 36 feet in length be provided 100 yards apart. That each boat start with the coxswain holding the chain allotted to it (or, if he by chance lose the chain, with No. 7's rowlock opposite the post), that otherwise it is liable to be disqualified.

VIII.--That in time races, under the management of the C.U.B.C., the pistols at the winning-posts be fired by University men, who shall be called on to do so in the following order:--

The president, secretary, and committee of the C.U.B.C.; then the first captain of the boats in their order on the river, or deputies from their own clubs; provided that no one of the same club as any of the competitors shall fire a pistol in any race in which such competitor of his own club is rowing; and that no one need, by reason of this rule, refuse to umpire. And that to prevent all difficulties of a pistol missing fire, a second person be appointed by the President or his deputy to stand at each winning-post and hold up a white flag, which shall be dropped the moment that the nose of the boat passes the post.

IX.--That in time races no boat draw more than one bye.

X.--That if in any time race any boat touch any part of, or pass on the course, or be in any way inconvenienced by any boat in front of it, and the boat so touching, passing, or being inconvenienced, shall not come to its post first in order, such boat shall be allowed to start in the following day's race, whether the same would otherwise have been a final or a trial heat, and shall start on the same footing as regards drawing for stations, etc., as the other boats left in.

Or the boat so impeded shall row again with the boat coming in first.

RULES FOR THE UNIVERSITY CLINKER FOURS.

I.--That the University Clinker-built Fours be rowed as time races over the Colquhoun course.

II.--That the race be open to crews from any club, such crews to be composed solely of men who did not row in the first division of the previous May races.

III.--That no "Blue" be allowed to compete.

IV.--That the coxswains must be members of the clubs they steer, and must weigh not less than 7st. 7lbs.

V.--The definition of a clinker boat is as follows:--That no boat have less than five streaks on a side, none of which shall exceed 4-1/2 inches (outside measurement). All such boats must be passed by the president and secretary of the C.U.B.C. at least one week before the commencement of the races.

VI.--That the entrance money for each boat be one guinea.

LAWS OF THE MAGDALENE SILVER PAIR-OARS AND UNIVERSITY PRESENTATION CUPS.

I.--That watermen be allowed to coach and steer for these races.

. . . . . .

IV.--That any member qualified to pull in the C.U.B.C. races be qualified to start for these oars.

V.--That the crews need not consist of members of one club.

VI.--That no winning pair be allowed to enter together a second time.

REGULATIONS OF THE "COLQUHOUN SILVER SCULLS."

III. That only those members of the C.U.B.C. who have not exceeded five years from the date of their first commencing residence be allowed to start, on complying with the terms herein specified.

EXTRACTS FROM THE RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY BOAT CLUB.

GENERAL RULES.

I.--That the club be open to all members of the University on the following conditions:--

II.--That any graduate of the University by paying two pounds, or any undergraduate by paying three pounds ten shillings, may become a life member.

III.--That any member of the University by paying one pound may become a member for one term, not being thereby qualified to row or steer in any of the University races unless he has paid four such terminal subscriptions.

IV.--That the subscription must be paid before the admission to the club.

V.--That this club is affiliated to the Amateur Rowing Association, and that members are therefore bound to observe the A.R.A. rules.

. . . . . .

VII.--That the officers of the club consist of president, secretary, and treasurer; who, with two other members of the club, shall form a committee.

VIII.--That no member who is not strictly residing be on the committee.

IX.--That the president, secretary, treasurer, and committee be elected by the captains of College boat clubs, or their representatives.

X.--That the election of the president and secretary take place at the first captains' meeting in the Summer Term, that of the treasurer and the other members of the committee at the first meeting in the October Term.

XI.--That the president have the entire supervision of the property of the club; that he preside over all captains' meetings; have the sole selection and management of all University crews, and that he have absolute authority and entire responsibility in all matters immediately concerning the University boat; that he have charge of the president's book, and make such records in it as shall be interesting and useful to the future of the club; and that he keep the official records of all University races.

. . . . . .

XXV.--That if Henley Regatta do not take place at such a date in relation to Commemoration Day as is convenient to the O.U.B.C., the club reserves to itself the right of withdrawing its subscription.

XXVI.--That the racing boat last purchased be not let or sold under any circumstances whatever.

RULES FOR RACES.

I.--That all future members of the O.U.B.C. shall show a certificate of having passed a satisfactory swimming test before being allowed to row in University races.

II.--That such certificate be either (1) that of some public school approved by the committee, or (2) a certificate from Dolley's Baths, signed by the bathman, and countersigned by the captain of the College boat club.

III.--That any College boat club rowing a member who has obtained a certificate unfairly shall be fined five pounds, and lose one place on the river for each night on which he has rowed.

IV.--That each college shall have its own punt and waterman during the races.

V.--That the captain of each boat club shall, so far as possible, fix upon the maximum number which his punt is able to carry, and that this number shall in no case exceed twelve, and that the fine for overcrowding be five shillings.

VI.--That each barge shall be furnished with two lifebuoys.

VII.--That the bows of all racing Eights and Fours, both keel-less and clinker-built, and of all racing pair-oars and sculling boats be protected by an india-rubber ball, and the penalty for violation of this rule be, in the case of Eights and Fours, one pound; in the case of all other boats, ten shillings.

VIII.--That all Challenge Cups which are the property of the O.U.B.C. shall either be taken home by the captain of the boat club which holds them, or be deposited at Rowell and Harris's during the vacation.

THE EIGHTS AND TORPIDS.

I.--That all gentlemen rowing or steering in the races must be life members of the O.U.B.C.

II.--That no boat be allowed to start in the races with more or less than eight oars.

III.--That all boats starting in the races carry a coxswain over the whole course.

IV.--That the names of the crews be sent to the treasurer at least one day before the races begin, and that afterwards no change can be made, unless notice is given to the president at least one hour before the races begin, under a penalty of one pound.

V.--That every club neglecting to send in the names of its crew to the treasurer, and pay the entrance money, five pounds, into the Old Bank, on or before the day previous to the first race in which they intend to row, shall forfeit five shillings; and that every club entering a boat after the races have begun shall pay one pound for every night of the races on which it has not had a boat on.

VI.--That no club start a boat in the races till all its arrears are paid, whether of fines, entrance money, or annual subscription.

VII.--That no crew be allowed to start in the races which shall have employed any waterman in capacity of coach or trainer within three weeks of the first race.

VIII.--That no college be allowed to enter more than one boat for the Eights, unless it has had on a Torpid in the same year.

IX.--That each boat start from a rope held by the steerer, and fastened to a post on the Berkshire shore; the rope to be 50 feet in length.

X.--That the last boat be stationed above Iffley Lasher; and that 130 feet be the distance between the posts.

XI.--That the boats entered for the races be divided as equally as possible, and row in two divisions; that the second division row first, and never contain fewer boats than the first division; that the head boat of the second division may row again with first division; and that the last boat of the first division start head of the second division on the following day.

XII.--That the president provide a starter, who shall fire a signal gun for the boats to take their places; after four minutes another gun; and after the interval of one minute another gun for the start; after the third gun the race be always held to have begun.

XIII.--That any boat starting before the gun goes off do lose a place forthwith.

XIV.--That when a boat touches the boat or any part of the boat before it, or its oars or rudder, it be considered a bump; and also if a boat rows clean by another it be equivalent to a bump.

XV.--That both the boat which bumps and the boat which is bumped immediately row out of the course of the other racing boats; and in case any obstruction be caused by culpable neglect of this, the offending boat be fined five pounds.

XVI.--That after every bump the boat bumping change places with the boat bumped, whatever be their orders before starting; also in a bumping race no boat can make more than one bump, but of four boats, A, B, C, D, should B bump C, then A may bump D, and the next race A and D change places with each other.

XVII.--That in the case of any boat not starting, the boat immediately behind them do row past their starting-post and be considered to have bumped the other boat.

XVIII.--That all boats stand by their accidents; and that, in case of dispute, boats must take the place assigned them by the committee.

XIX.--That an umpire be appointed by the first six colleges of each division in rotation, who shall sit and vote on the committee to decide disputes on the day on which he is in authority.

XX.--That the races finish at the lower of the white posts to which Salter's barge is moored, on which a flag is to be hoisted, and that a boat is liable to be bumped till every part of it has passed that post, and that a judge be appointed by the president.

XXI.--That if any boat after passing the post impedes another which has not passed the post, it be fined five pounds.

. . . . . .

XXVI.--That all disputes concerning bumps, etc., arising out of the races, be referred to the committee on the day of the race, who shall decide the point before the next race.

. . . . . .

XXVIII.--That the College races take place in Easter or Act Term, and be six in number.

XXIX.--That no non-resident member of the University may either row or steer in the races, unless he has resided in Oxford at least ten consecutive days before the races commence. That this rule apply to all University races, viz. Eights, Torpids, Fours, Pairs, and Sculls.

XXX.--That no one may be allowed to row or steer in the races for a college or hall of which he is not a _bon[^a] fide_ member.

XXXI.--That a man may be held to have rowed or steered in the Eights or Torpids when he has so officiated for three days.

TORPID RACES--SPECIAL RULES.

That the Torpid races be regulated by the above rules as far as they are applicable: but

(1) That the races take place in the Lent Term, and be six in number.

(2) That no one who has rowed or steered in the Eights may officiate in the same capacity in the next Torpid races.

(3) That no one be allowed to row in his Torpid who has exceeded sixteen terms from his Matriculation.

(4) That unless a college has had an Eight on the river more than three nights during the previous year, it be not permitted to start a Torpid, unless it engage to put on a distinct Eight in the ensuing Eights.

That in this case the distinct Eight

(_a_) do contain five men, at least, who have not rowed in the Torpids.

(_b_) be compelled to row more than three nights, under penalty of [L]10.

(5) That the committee have power to relax this rule at their discretion in the case of boats in the second division.

(6) That these races be rowed in gig boats, of the specified mould, measuring inside at the gunwale not less than 2ft. 2in., clinker-built of not less than 5 streaks.

(7) That the distance between the starting-posts be 160 feet.

(8) That no Torpid be allowed to use sliding seats.

(9) That if more than twenty-five Torpids enter, the races shall be in three divisions; the boats to be divided as equally as possible, so that a higher division shall not contain more boats than a lower one.

FOUR-OAR CHALLENGE CUP.

I.--That the Cup be open for competition to members of any one college or hall who have not exceeded eighteen terms from their Matriculation.

II.--That the race take place annually, in the Michaelmas Term.

. . . . . .

VII.--That no crew be allowed to start which has had any waterman in the capacity of "coach" or trainer within three weeks of the first race.

CLINKER FOURS RACE.

I.--That the race be called the "Clinker Fours" race.

II.--That the race take place annually in the Lent Term.

III.--That it should be open for competition to members of any college or hall who have not exceeded eighteen terms from their Matriculation, and who have not rowed either in the University Race at Putney, or the Trials, or rowed in a College Eight which finished in the upper division of the summer races in the previous year, sandwich boat reckoning as Second Division.

IV.--That the race shall be rowed in keeled clinker-built boats with slides of not more than 12 inches, having not less than 5 streaks in each side, exclusive of saxe-board. The streaks shall not be more than 4-1/4 inches in breadth. The maximum inside width of each boat shall not be less than 24 inches, measured on the top of the gunwale. No batswings, false outriggers, splayed-boards, or other device will be allowed to take the place of saxe-boards, and the committee of the O.U.B.C. reserve the right of determining in each instance whether these conditions have been fairly carried out or not.

V.--That no boat be allowed to start with more or less than four oars and a coxswain.

VI.--That no crew be allowed to start which has had any waterman in the capacity of "coach" or trainer.

RULES FOR THE UNIVERSITY TRIAL EIGHT RACE.

I.--That the race be called the "University Trial Eight Race."

II.--That the race take place in Michaelmas Term, and subsequent to that for the Four-Oared Challenge Cup.

III.--That the crews be selected by the president.

IV.--That the crews be in practice not less than twelve days.

V.--That each member of the two crews pay ten shillings entrance money.

VI.--That a silver medal be presented to each of the winning crew.

VII.--That any member of the two crews who refuses to row in the University Eight if called upon to do so, be suspended by the committee from rowing in any University race till the end of the Summer Term, unless he shows reasonable grounds for refusal.

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Transcriber's Notes

There is some text missing between Page 64 and Page 65: the beginning of paragraph (4) with an opening quotation mark is missing, as shown by '[(4) "...]'. ([(4) "...] Watch the bodies in front of you as they move, and mould yourself on their movement.")

Factual errors were noted as follows:

Page 273: Reference to "Minneapolis" instead of "Annapolis" (The United States Naval Academy at Minneapolis ...)

Changes to the text are as follows:

Title page: added comma after "C. M. PITMAN" ( ... C. M. PITMAN, W. E. CRUM, AND E. G. BLACKMORE)

Page xii: added missing line in the List of Illustrations (LENT RACES IN THE PLOUGH REACH 200)

Plate "Henley Regatta" originally facing page 157: changed "Heart fo" to "Heat for" (A Heat for the Diamonds.)

Page 258: changed "Warnambool" to "Warrnambool" (Important meetings are also held at Ballarat, Geelong, Warrnambool, Bairnsdale, ...)

Page 339: changed "captain's" to "captains'" ( ... at the first captains' meeting ...)