Part 4

In this double-flowered variety of the Great Burnet-leaved Carolina Rose there is a variation much more powerful than many of the new species of the present day could lay claim to, as nearly one half of the plant from which our figure was made, in the garden of the Hon. W. Irby, was so different both in shape and size, that they might easily pass for distinct species; and had we not found them both on one plant, we should have been inclined to consider them as such. A separate figure will therefore be given of such a strong-marked difference of character, that will probably illustrate the distinction actually existing between varieties and species.

ROSA semperflorens, _simplex_.

_Single Ever-blooming Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque leviter hispidis, glabris et nitidis: floribus simplicibus et rubris: foliolis oblongis, acutis, glabris et nitidis, margine serrulatis: caule viridi, glabro, ad basin spinis rubris.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with roundish seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid, smooth, and shining: flowers single and red: leaflets oblong, pointed, smooth and shining, with finely sawed margins: stem green, smooth, with red thorns on the lower part.

* * * * *

This Rose is known by the appellation of diversifolia, a title equally applicable to any other Rose. But were this the only objection, we are not so much attached to novelty as to think the adoption of a more appropriate term a sufficient compensation for the confusion which alteration invariably produces. As the present subject, however, (of recent introduction) is unquestionably the original or single of that line semi-double ever-blooming Rose so well characterized by the title of semperflorens, the species must therefore undoubtedly retain the appropriate title which its fine variety has so long enjoyed.

Our figure was made from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley.

ROSA multiflora.

_Many-flowered Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus subrotundis et pedunculis villosis: floribus numerosis, confertis, parvis, multiplicatis, carneis, odoratis: foliolis sub-ovatis, villosis: petiolis villosis et aculeatis: caule viridi, glabro, cum aculeis sparsis.

Habitat in Sinensi.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with roundish seed-buds and villous peduncles: flowers numerous, crowded together, small, of many folds, flesh-coloured, and sweet-scented: leaflets nearly egg-shaped, and hairy: petioles villous and prickly: stem green, smooth, with scattered prickles.

Native of China.

* * * * *

This beautiful plant was introduced by T. Evans, esq. amongst many others, from China, that delightful region, where Flora reigns unrivalled. Previous to its flowering it was regarded as a yellow Rose; and although it has proved to be a very different plant, it has exceeded, we believe, what was expected from it under its former appellation. It is equally as hardy as any other Rose we are acquainted with. The flowers are very fragrant; and its growth is so rapid, that a small cutting rooted in the spring will in the course of the summer become a fine large plant. The luxuriance of its crowded flowers immediately pointed out the specific title of multiflora, by which appellation we find it already described by Thunberg, and enumerated by Willdenow. Our figure was made, from the only plant that has as yet flowered in this country, at the nursery of Messrs. Colville in the month of July; and from what we can at present judge of it, the three summer months appeared to be the utmost period of its inflorescence.

ROSA sulphurea.

_Double Yellow Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus glabris, rotundato-planis: foliis ovalibus, marginibus serratis, sub-glaucis: petiolis aculeatis: floribus ramulos terminantibus: corollis flavis: petalis numerosis, confertis: caule ramoso, spinis curvatis armato.

Habitat in Oriente.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with smooth seed-buds flatly rounded: leaves oval, sawed at the edges, and nearly glaucous: petioles prickly: flowers terminate the smaller branches: blossom yellow: petals numerous, and crowded together: stem branching, and armed with crooked spines.

Native of the Levant.

* * * * *

This fine yellow Rose is a native of the Levant, and not to be met with in flower in any of the nursery-grounds very near London. We have not seen it even in a budding state nearer than Brentford, in the collection of the Duke of Northumberland at Sion House, whence our drawing was begun last year from a fine plant with numerous buds, not one of which expanded sufficiently perfect for us to represent. To complete our figure, we this year received some fine specimens communicated by the Hon. W. Irby, collected from a gentleman’s garden in the neighbourhood of Farnham, a distance of between twenty and thirty miles, and we believe the nearest approximation to the metropolis in which it can be found in perfect bloom. Even in the most congenial situations it is subject to an irregularity of inflorescence, from the extreme complexity of its petals, occasionally bursting at the sides, and destroying the symmetry of its appearance. We have never seen it lighter in colour than we have represented, certainly much too deep a yellow to exemplify the pallid hue of sulphur. It flowers in the month of June, and was introduced to this country in the year 1629.

ROSA Cinnamomea, _multiplex_.

_Double Cinnamon Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus globosis, glabris, et saturatè purpureis: floribus petalis confertis: pedunculis glabris, ad basin bracteâ magnâ instructis: foliis saturatè viridibus, rugosis, subtùs glaucis: petiolis aculeatis: caule aculeato, cum spinis sparsis geminis.

Habitat in Europâ Meridionali.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with round seed-buds, smooth, and of a dark purple colour: flowers with crowded petals: footstalks smooth, and furnished at the base with a large bract or floral leaf: leaves of a deep green, and wrinkled, glaucous on the under side: footstalks prickly: stem prickly, with scattered spines in pairs.

Native of the South of Europe.

* * * * *

The odour of Cinnamon, which this early blooming Rose is supposed to possess, has furnished it with a specific title by which it is well known. It is a very old species, and said to have been introduced from the south of Europe as long ago as the year 1569. Like all those roses whose flowers are very double, the petals are subject to be disorganised by the prevalence of easterly winds, to which its early bloom is liable. It is only increased by layers, as the abundance of the petals absorbing all the stamina precludes the fruit’s increase.

ROSA Provincialis regalis.

_Royal or Queen’s Province Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis: pedunculis et petiolis hispidè glandulosis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis ovatis, acutis, subtùs villosis: floribus semi-duplicibus, incarnatis, magnis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds: peduncles and petioles hispidly glandular: leaves winged: leaflets ovate, pointed, and villose beneath: flowers semi-double, flesh-coloured, and large.

* * * * *

This fine semi-double Rose is known amongst cultivators by the appellation of Royal or Queen’s Province, and considered as an excellent forcing Rose, and much esteemed by those nurserymen who with the assistance of the hot-stove bring flowers into a premature state of inflorescence. Like all the other Province species, its natural period of blooming is during the months of June and July.

ROSA sempervirens.

_Evergreen Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus ovatis: calycibus pedunculisque hispidis: petiolis aculeatis: caule spinis curvatis rubris armato: floribus in sparsis umbellis, bracteis lanceolatis, reflexis: corollis albis.

Habitat in Germaniâ.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds: empalements and peduncles hispid: petioles prickly: stem armed with crooked red spines: flowers grow in scattered umbels, with lance-shaped, reflexed floral leaves: blossoms white.

Native of Germany.

* * * * *

As a training Rose, this species is particularly estimable from the rapidity of its growth. It also retains its leaves longer than most roses, but is certainly, strictly speaking, not an evergreen. It so much resembles the Rosa arvensis, that at first sight they might easily be taken one for the other. It is a native of Germany, and was introduced about the year 1629. Our drawing was made from a fine plant in the collection of Isaac Swainson, esq. at Twickenham.

ROSA Eglanteria Americana.

_American Eglantine Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, hispidis: pedunculis et petiolis hispidè glandulosis: caule fruticoso, spinis sparsis, parvis, rectis armato: ramis numerosis: floribus ramos singulariter terminantibus: corollis semi-duplicibus, saturatè incarnatis: foliis glabris, odoratis: foliolis ovatis.

Habitat in Americâ Boreali.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds, hispid: peduncles and petioles hispidly glandular: stem shrubby, armed with small, straight, scattered spines: branches numerous: flowers terminate the branches singly: blossom semi-double, and of a deep flesh colour: leaves smooth, and scented: leaflets egg-shaped.

Native of North America.

* * * * *

This new species of Sweetbriar, we are informed, was introduced from North America, about the year 1801, by Mr. Pope, a nurseryman near Birmingham. The foliage is small, neat, and regular, but not so fragrant as the leaves of the common Eglantine. The flowers are abundant, and of a fine pinky colour whilst in perfection, but grow paler when going out of bloom; in which state its size enlarges just before the petals fall off. It is increased by seed and layers; but as it does not at present seed freely, nor are the layers rapid in forming a root, it will most probably continue for some time as a scarce rose. Our drawing was made in the month of June, from a luxuriant plant in the nursery of Mr. Williams, at Turnham Green.

ROSA blanda.

_Hudson’s Bay or Labradore Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus globosis: calycibus pedunculisque hispidis: caule et ramis numerosis aculeis, rectis, rubris, horizontaliter sitis, armatis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis oblongis, æqualiter serratis, et lucidis: petiolis rubris, glabris, leviter armatis: floribus sparsis: corollis rubris.

Habitat in Americâ.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with globose seed-buds: empalements and peduncles hispid: stem and branches armed with numerous prickles, straight, red, and horizontally situated: leaves winged: leaflets oblong, equally sawed, and shining: petioles red, smooth, and slightly armed: flowers scattered: blossoms red.

Native of America.

* * * * *

In the Hortus Kewensis we find this Rose described as having smooth seed-buds and an unarmed stem; and the very reverse character being the leading features by which our plant may at all times be discriminated, induced us at first to imagine it might be a different species: but finding upon inquiry amongst cultivators, that this Rose and no other is perfectly known by the appellations of Rosa blanda, Hudson’s Bay or Labradore Rose, we have therefore retained the name, but altered the description. It is a very lively-looking little rose, whose bloom is rather short in duration, but of quick succession, introduced to this country in the year 1773. Our drawing was made from plants in the nursery of Messrs. Loddige.

ROSA centifolia, _holosericea_.

_Velvet-flowered Hundred-leaved Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis: caule et petiolis hispidis, aculeatis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis ovatis, subtùs villosis: floribus saturatè purpureis: corollis simplicibus, semi-duplicibus, vel petalis plenis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid: stem and petioles hispid and prickly: leaves winged: leaflets ovate, and villose beneath: flowers of a deep purple colour: blossom single, semi-double, or full of petals.

* * * * *

This species of Rose forms part of a section known by the appellation of Centifolia, in which may be included many of the French and Dutch Roses, whose general appearance is so nearly alike, that when out of bloom it would be very difficult to distinguish one from the other. For what reason it has acquired the specific title of centifolia we are at a loss to guess, as it would be utterly impossible to find out a species by any given number of leaves, which must ever depend on the size of the plant. But as a very old species long usage has given it such a sanction, that a more appropriate title would not be used in preference.

Our drawing represents the single, semi-double, and completely double-flowered velvet Roses, easily distinguished when in flower, but when out of bloom not the slightest difference is discernible.

ROSA Eglanteria, _major_.

_Large Eglantine Rose, or Tree Sweetbriar._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis: floribus magnis, semi-duplicibus: foliis patentibus: foliolis ovatis, magnis, marginibus glandulosis: caule et petiolis aculeis rubris recurvis instructis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds and hispid peduncles: flowers large, and semi-double: leaves spreading: leaflets ovate, large, and glandular on the edges: the stem and petioles are furnished with prickles recurved and red.

* * * * *

This Eglantine Rose is the spontaneous effusion of nature in the nursery-ground of Mr. Williams of Turnham Green, who informs me that he found it on his premises in the year 1786, growing luxuriantly in the midst of a hedge of single Sweetbriars. Its growth is so rapid, that it will form shoots of seven and eight feet in one season; which joined to the largeness of its flowers and foliage, induced us to adopt the specific appellation of major, a title by which we think it may (at present) be distinguished from any other, as the largest Sweetbriar we have as yet seen is certainly altogether in size a minor, when compared with this fine plant. Seeds, but not freely, and is propagated (slowly) by layers.

ROSA Eglanteria, _multiplex_.

_Double Eglantine Rose, or Williams’s Sweetbriar._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis et glandulosis: floribus multipetalis: foliolis ovatis, glandulosis, et pilosis: caule et petiolis aculeatis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid and glandular: flowers of many petals: leaflets ovate, glandular, and hairy: stem and petioles prickly.

* * * * *

Of all the fragrant-leaved Roses, this is certainly the finest, and for which we are indebted to Mr. Williams, who discovered it in his nursery about 23 years ago, growing promiscuously in the same Sweetbriar-bush with the Eglanteria major; and although found vegetating at the same time, and under the same auspices, yet is its character altogether very different; this being as slow in growth as the other is quick. It is the only Eglantine Rose at present known with perfectly double flowers, and is with difficulty increased by layers, which are a long time in forming a root; and the seeds, which it very rarely ripens, remain in the ground a long time dormant.

ROSA gracilis.

_Slender Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus sub-globosis: pedunculis leviter hispidis, gracilibus: floribus multipetalis, imbricatis, equalibus, incarnatis. Caulis glaber, flexibilis: aculeis sparsis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid and slender: flowers of many petals, imbricated, equal, and flesh-coloured. Stem smooth and flexible: spines scattered.

* * * * *

This delicate Rose was raised about the year 1796 by Mr. Shailer, nurseryman, of Little Chelsea. It is as yet so little known, that a dwarf variety of the Province is frequently sold for it; a mistake most probably owing to its being commonly called amongst cultivators Shailer’s Province Rose: but it certainly bears most resemblance to the Rosa Indica, and is, as far as we can understand, a hybrid production between the two species; and if so, it might come under the description of variety only. But, whilst nature produces such distinct and beautiful varieties, specific titles can only be regarded as a variation of terms. It makes a most graceful appearance, from the drooping of its branches and nodding of its flowers, whose close and numerous petals are too heavy for its weak and slender stem to support. It appears to be a Rose calculated to train against a trellis to great advantage. It is as hardy as most Roses, and is increased (but not easily) by layers. Flowers during the months of June and July.

ROSA ferox.

_Fierce or Hedge-Hog Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus globosis, pedunculisque glabris: foliis quadrijugis, cum folio terminali: foliolis ovatis, rugosis, serratis: petiolis aculeatis: caule aculeis numerosis rectis albicantibus armato.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with round seed-buds and smooth peduncles: leaves composed of four pairs, with a terminal leaf: leaflets ovate, wrinkled, and serrate: footstalks prickly: stem armed with numerous straight whitish thorns.

* * * * *

Of this distinct species of Rose we can gain but little information, as it is not enumerated in Willdenow, at least not under our specific title; but we are inclined to think his Rosa rugosa is meant for it, as the description accords exactly with our figure. It is well known to cultivators by the specific appellation of ferox,--we have therefore retained it; although hystrix would have been a much better specific title, as it seems by nature formed to be admired at a distance, from the numerous large thorns with which the stem is surrounded, that appear calculated to express the old adage of ‘Noli me tangere.’

Our drawing was made from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brame, in the month of June.

ROSA glabra.

_Smooth Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa germinibus ovatis: pedunculis et petiolis hispidis: floribus multipetalis, equalibus: foliis glabris: foliolis oblongis, acuminatis, serratis: caule glabro, sub-inermi.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds: peduncles and footstalks hispid: flowers with many petals and equal: leaves smooth: leaflets oblong, pointed, and sawed: stem smooth, nearly without thorns.

* * * * *

This Rose was introduced to this country from Holland about the year 1802. The only title we have heard given to it by cultivators is Double Thornless White Rose,--an appellation certainly not very descriptive of the plant; for, although it is thornless on the upper part, yet at the base of the stem it is thorny. The flowers are sometimes white, but we have oftener seen them tinged with a pale pinky colour. In size and shape they are like the Burgundy Rose, and in the foliage they resemble the Rosa moschata, but are very distinct from either, and altogether very different from any species with which we are at present acquainted. It is slow of increase, as are all the distinctly new Roses we have hitherto met with, which probably is (for a time) a genuine trait of their originality. Our figure is from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, in the month of June 1808.

ROSA lurida.

_Lurid Rose._

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Rosa paniculis multifloris: germinibus globosis: foliis patentibus: foliolis sub-glaucis, ovato-acuminatis, serratis: caule glabro purpureo, pulvere violaceo tecto: aculeis paucis et recurvis.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Rose with many-flowered panicles: seed-buds globular: leaves spreading: leaflets nearly glaucous, ovate-pointed, and sawed: stem smooth and purple, covered with a violet-coloured powder: prickles few and recurved.

* * * * *

This elegant Rose is said to be a native of Switzerland, and sent from thence by Dr. Messear, about the year 1803, to the gardens of Isaac Swainson, esq. at Twickenham; whence our figure was taken. It is not, we believe, at present in any other collection in this kingdom. It has so perfect an air of novelty, that amongst the numerous Roses daily ycleped new, this is one of the very very few to which a separate and distinct character may justly be applied. Flowers during the months of June and July, is of rapid growth, and forms a tall and bushy shrub.